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Auzat I, Ouldali M, Jacquet E, Fauler B, Mielke T, Tavares P. Dual function of a highly conserved bacteriophage tail completion protein essential for bacteriophage infectivity. Commun Biol 2024; 7:590. [PMID: 38755280 PMCID: PMC11099176 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06221-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Infection of bacteria by phages is a complex multi-step process that includes specific recognition of the host cell, creation of a temporary breach in the host envelope, and ejection of viral DNA into the bacterial cytoplasm. These steps must be perfectly regulated to ensure efficient infection. Here we report the dual function of the tail completion protein gp16.1 of bacteriophage SPP1. First, gp16.1 has an auxiliary role in assembly of the tail interface that binds to the capsid connector. Second, gp16.1 is necessary to ensure correct routing of phage DNA to the bacterial cytoplasm. Viral particles assembled without gp16.1 are indistinguishable from wild-type virions and eject DNA normally in vitro. However, they release their DNA to the extracellular space upon interaction with the host bacterium. The study shows that a highly conserved tail completion protein has distinct functions at two essential steps of the virus life cycle in long-tailed phages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Auzat
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
| | - Malika Ouldali
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Cryo-Electron Microscopy Facility, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Eric Jacquet
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles, UPR 2301, 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Beatrix Fauler
- Microscopy and Cryo-electron Microscopy Service Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thorsten Mielke
- Microscopy and Cryo-electron Microscopy Service Group, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paulo Tavares
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell (I2BC), 91198, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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2
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Ruiz‐Cruz S, Erazo Garzon A, Kelleher P, Bottacini F, Breum SØ, Neve H, Heller KJ, Vogensen FK, Palussière S, Courtin P, Chapot‐Chartier M, Vinogradov E, Sadovskaya I, Mahony J, van Sinderen D. Host genetic requirements for DNA release of lactococcal phage TP901-1. Microb Biotechnol 2022; 15:2875-2889. [PMID: 36259418 PMCID: PMC9733650 DOI: 10.1111/1751-7915.14156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The first step in phage infection is the recognition of, and adsorption to, a receptor located on the host cell surface. This reversible host adsorption step is commonly followed by an irreversible event, which involves phage DNA delivery or release into the bacterial cytoplasm. The molecular components that trigger this latter event are unknown for most phages of Gram-positive bacteria. In the current study, we present a comparative genome analysis of three mutants of Lactococcus cremoris 3107, which are resistant to the P335 group phage TP901-1 due to mutations that affect TP901-1 DNA release. Through genetic complementation and phage infection assays, a predicted lactococcal three-component glycosylation system (TGS) was shown to be required for TP901-1 infection. Major cell wall saccharidic components were analysed, but no differences were found. However, heterologous gene expression experiments indicate that this TGS is involved in the glucosylation of a cell envelope-associated component that triggers TP901-1 DNA release. To date, a saccharide modification has not been implicated in the DNA delivery process of a Gram-positive infecting phage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofía Ruiz‐Cruz
- School of Microbiology & APC Microbiome IrelandUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Andrea Erazo Garzon
- School of Microbiology & APC Microbiome IrelandUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Philip Kelleher
- School of Microbiology & APC Microbiome IrelandUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Francesca Bottacini
- School of Microbiology & APC Microbiome IrelandUniversity College CorkCorkIreland,Department of Biological SciencesMunster Technological UniversityCorkIreland
| | - Solvej Østergaard Breum
- Section of Microbiology and Fermentation, Department of Food Science, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksbergDenmark,Present address:
Department of Virus & Microbiological Special Diagnostics, Division of Infectious Disease Preparedness, Statens Serum InstitutCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Horst Neve
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner‐InstitutFederal Research Institute of Nutrition and FoodKielGermany
| | - Knut J. Heller
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Max Rubner‐InstitutFederal Research Institute of Nutrition and FoodKielGermany
| | - Finn K. Vogensen
- Section of Microbiology and Fermentation, Department of Food Science, Faculty of ScienceUniversity of CopenhagenFrederiksbergDenmark
| | - Simon Palussière
- Université Paris‐Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis InstituteJouy‐en‐JosasFrance
| | - Pascal Courtin
- Université Paris‐Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis InstituteJouy‐en‐JosasFrance
| | | | - Evgeny Vinogradov
- National Research Council CanadaInstitute for Biological SciencesOttawaOntarioCanada
| | - Irina Sadovskaya
- Equipe BPA, Université du Littoral‐Côte d'Opale, Institut Charles Violette EA 7394 USC AnsesBoulogne‐sur‐merFrance
| | - Jennifer Mahony
- School of Microbiology & APC Microbiome IrelandUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- School of Microbiology & APC Microbiome IrelandUniversity College CorkCorkIreland
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Antibiotic Exposure Leads to Reduced Phage Susceptibility in Vancomycin Intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA). Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2022; 66:e0224721. [PMID: 35708333 PMCID: PMC9295574 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02247-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
In the time of antimicrobial resistance, phage therapy is frequently suggested as a possible solution for such difficult-to-treat infections. Vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) remains a relatively rare yet increasing occurrence in the clinic for which phage therapy may be an option. However, the data presented herein suggest a potential cross-resistance mechanism to phage following vancomycin exposure in VISA strains. When comparing genetically similar strains differing in their susceptibility to vancomycin, those with intermediate levels of vancomycin resistance displayed decreased sensitivity to phage in solid and liquid assays. Serial passaging with vancomycin induced both reduced vancomycin susceptibility and phage sensitivity. As a consequence, the process of phage infection was shown to be interrupted after DNA ejection from adsorbed phage but prior to phage DNA replication, as demonstrated through adsorption assays, lysostaphin sensitivity assays, electron microscopy, and quantitative PCR (qPCR). At a time when phage products are being used for experimental treatments and tested in clinical trials, it is important to understand possible interference between mechanisms underlying antibiotic and phage resistance in order to design effective therapeutic regimens.
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Tzipilevich E, Pollak‐Fiyaksel O, Shraiteh B, Ben‐Yehuda S. Bacteria elicit a phage tolerance response subsequent to infection of their neighbors. EMBO J 2022; 41:e109247. [PMID: 34878184 PMCID: PMC8804946 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021109247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Appearance of plaques on a bacterial lawn is a sign of successive rounds of bacteriophage infection. Yet, mechanisms evolved by bacteria to limit plaque spread have been hardly explored. Here, we investigated the dynamics of plaque development by lytic phages infecting the bacterium Bacillus subtilis. We report that plaque expansion is followed by a constriction phase owing to bacterial growth into the plaque zone. This phenomenon exposed an adaptive process, herein termed "phage tolerance response", elicited by non-infected bacteria upon sensing infection of their neighbors. The temporary phage tolerance is executed by the stress-response RNA polymerase sigma factor σX (SigX). Artificial expression of SigX prior to phage attack largely eliminates infection. SigX tolerance is primarily conferred by activation of the dlt operon, encoding enzymes that catalyze D-alanylation of cell wall teichoic acid polymers, the major attachment sites for phages infecting Gram-positive bacteria. D-alanylation impedes phage binding and hence infection, thus enabling the uninfected bacteria to form a protective shield opposing phage spread.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elhanan Tzipilevich
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsInstitute for Medical Research Israel‐Canada (IMRIC)The Hebrew University‐Hadassah Medical SchoolThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
- Present address:
Department of Biology and Howard Hughes Medical InstituteDuke UniversityDurhamNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Osher Pollak‐Fiyaksel
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsInstitute for Medical Research Israel‐Canada (IMRIC)The Hebrew University‐Hadassah Medical SchoolThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Bushra Shraiteh
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsInstitute for Medical Research Israel‐Canada (IMRIC)The Hebrew University‐Hadassah Medical SchoolThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
| | - Sigal Ben‐Yehuda
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular GeneticsInstitute for Medical Research Israel‐Canada (IMRIC)The Hebrew University‐Hadassah Medical SchoolThe Hebrew University of JerusalemJerusalemIsrael
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Niknam Hamidabad M, Asgari S, Haji Abdolvahab R. Nanoparticle-assisted polymer translocation through a nanopore. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.122847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Broeker NK, Roske Y, Valleriani A, Stephan MS, Andres D, Koetz J, Heinemann U, Barbirz S. Time-resolved DNA release from an O-antigen-specific Salmonella bacteriophage with a contractile tail. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:11751-11761. [PMID: 31189652 PMCID: PMC6682738 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra119.008133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myoviruses, bacteriophages with T4-like architecture, must contract their tails prior to DNA release. However, quantitative kinetic data on myovirus particle opening are lacking, although they are promising tools in bacteriophage-based antimicrobial strategies directed against Gram-negative hosts. For the first time, we show time-resolved DNA ejection from a bacteriophage with a contractile tail, the multi-O-antigen-specific Salmonella myovirus Det7. DNA release from Det7 was triggered by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) O-antigen receptors and notably slower than in noncontractile-tailed siphoviruses. Det7 showed two individual kinetic steps for tail contraction and particle opening. Our in vitro studies showed that highly specialized tailspike proteins (TSPs) are necessary to attach the particle to LPS. A P22-like TSP confers specificity for the Salmonella Typhimurium O-antigen. Moreover, crystal structure analysis at 1.63 Å resolution confirmed that Det7 recognized the Salmonella Anatum O-antigen via an ϵ15-like TSP, DettilonTSP. DNA ejection triggered by LPS from either host showed similar velocities, so particle opening is thus a process independent of O-antigen composition and the recognizing TSP. In Det7, at permissive temperatures TSPs mediate O-antigen cleavage and couple cell surface binding with DNA ejection, but no irreversible adsorption occurred at low temperatures. This finding was in contrast to short-tailed Salmonella podoviruses, illustrating that tailed phages use common particle-opening mechanisms but have specialized into different infection niches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina K Broeker
- Department of Physikalische Biochemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Yvette Roske
- Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Angelo Valleriani
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Mareike S Stephan
- Department of Physikalische Biochemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dorothee Andres
- Department of Physikalische Biochemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Joachim Koetz
- Kolloidchemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Udo Heinemann
- Max-Delbrück-Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität, Takustrasse 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefanie Barbirz
- Department of Physikalische Biochemie, Universität Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Strasse 24-25, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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Huber I, Potapova K, Kuhn A, Schmidt H, Hinrichs J, Rohde C, Beyer W. 1st German Phage Symposium-Conference Report. Viruses 2018; 10:v10040158. [PMID: 29596346 PMCID: PMC5923452 DOI: 10.3390/v10040158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In Germany, phage research and application can be traced back to the beginning of the 20th century. However, with the triumphal march of antibiotics around the world, the significance of bacteriophages faded in most countries, and respective research mainly focused on fundamental questions and niche applications. After a century, we pay tribute to the overuse of antibiotics that led to multidrug resistance and calls for new strategies to combat pathogenic microbes. Against this background, bacteriophages came into the spotlight of researchers and practitioners again resulting in a fast growing “phage community”. In October 2017, part of this community met at the 1st German Phage Symposium to share their knowledge and experiences. The participants discussed open questions and challenges related to phage therapy and the application of phages in general. This report summarizes the presentations given, highlights the main points of the round table discussion and concludes with an outlook for the different aspects of phage application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Huber
- Hohenheim Research Center for Health Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Katerina Potapova
- Hohenheim Research Center for Health Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Andreas Kuhn
- Hohenheim Research Center for Health Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
- Institute of Microbiology, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Herbert Schmidt
- Hohenheim Research Center for Health Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
- Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Jörg Hinrichs
- Hohenheim Research Center for Health Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
- Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
| | - Christine Rohde
- Leibniz-Institute DSMZ—German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang Beyer
- Hohenheim Research Center for Health Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
- Institute of Animal Sciences, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
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Torres-Barceló C, Kaltz O, Froissart R, Gandon S, Ginet N, Ansaldi M. "French Phage Network"-Second Meeting Report. Viruses 2017; 9:v9040087. [PMID: 28430166 PMCID: PMC5408693 DOI: 10.3390/v9040087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of bacteriophages (viruses of bacteria) includes a variety of approaches, such as structural biology, genetics, ecology, and evolution, with increasingly important implications for therapeutic and industrial uses. Researchers working with phages in France have recently established a network to facilitate the exchange on complementary approaches, but also to engage new collaborations. Here, we provide a summary of the topics presented during the second meeting of the French Phage Network that took place in Marseille in November 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Torres-Barceló
- Plant Populations and Bio-aggressors in Tropical Ecosystems (PVBMT) UMR, Pôle de Protection des Plantes, F-97410, Saint-Pierre, Reunion Island, France.
| | - Oliver Kaltz
- Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution, UMR 5554 (CC065), Université de Montpellier, F-34095 Montpellier, France.
| | - Rémy Froissart
- CNRS, IRD, Université de Montpellier, Laboratory «Maladies Infectieuses & Vecteurs : Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution & Contrôle» (MIVEGEC), UMR 5290, F-34394 Montpellier, France.
| | - Sylvain Gandon
- CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive (CEFE), UMR 5175, F-34293 Montpellier, France.
| | - Nicolas Ginet
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Laboratoire de chimie bactérienne, UMR 7283, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, F-13402 Marseille, France.
| | - Mireille Ansaldi
- CNRS, Aix-Marseille Université, Laboratoire de chimie bactérienne, UMR 7283, Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, F-13402 Marseille, France.
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