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Yao J, Yang Z, Guo X, Wang J, Yu B, Liu S, Hu X, Yang K, Yao L, Zhang T. Recombinant porcine interferon δ8 inhibited porcine deltacoronavirus infection in vitro and in vivo. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 279:135375. [PMID: 39244115 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.135375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2024] [Revised: 08/16/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) poses a significant threat to both the pig industry and public safety, and has recently been identified in humans. Currently, there are no commercially available vaccines or antiviral treatments for PDCoV. In this study, recombinant porcine interferon δ8 (rINF-δ8) expressed by the HEK 293F expression system was used to evaluated its antiviral activity against PDCoV both in vitro and in vivo. Results demonstrated that rIFN-δ8 displayed non-toxic to ST cells and primary PAMs, and effectively inhibited PDCoV replication in a dose-dependent manner in vitro, with complete suppression of virus replication at a concentration of 2 μg/ml. Treatment of piglets with two doses of 25 μg/kg of rIFN-δ8 reduced clinical symptoms, decreased virus shedding, alleviated intestinal damage, and lowered the viral load in the jejunum and ileum. Furthermore, the levels of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) such as Viper, Mx1, ISG15, IFIT1, OSA, and IFITM1 were significantly increased both in vitro and in vivo, with elevated ISG levels sustained for at least 3 days in vivo. These findings suggest that rIFN-δ8 has the potential to serve as an effective antiviral agent for preventing PDCoV in pigs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Yao
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, College of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473000, China.
| | - Zhuan Yang
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, College of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473000, China.
| | - Xinchun Guo
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, College of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473000, China.
| | - Jucai Wang
- College of Food and Drug, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang 471934, China.
| | - Bilin Yu
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, College of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473000, China.
| | - Saige Liu
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, College of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473000, China.
| | - Xiaomin Hu
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, College of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473000, China.
| | - Kankan Yang
- Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518000, China.
| | - Lunguang Yao
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, College of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473000, China.
| | - Teng Zhang
- Henan Provincial Engineering and Technology Center of Health Products for Livestock and Poultry, College of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan 473000, China.
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Li J, Xiao L, Chen Z, Fan L, Wang W, Guo R, He Z, Hu H, Jiang J, Zhao L, Zhong T, Fan B, Zhu X, Li B. A spike-based mRNA vaccine that induces durable and broad protection against porcine deltacoronavirus in piglets. J Virol 2024; 98:e0053524. [PMID: 39158273 PMCID: PMC11406889 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00535-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Coronaviruses (CoVs) are important pathogens for humans and other vertebrates, causing severe respiratory and intestinal infections that have become a threat to public health because of the potential for interspecies transmission between animals and humans. Therefore, the development of safe, effective vaccines remains a top priority for the control of CoV infection. The unique immunological characteristics of vaccines featuring messenger RNA (mRNA) present an advantageous tool for coronavirus vaccine development. Here, we designed two lipid nanoparticle (LNP)-encapsulated mRNA (mRNA-LNP) vaccines: one encoding full-length spike (S) protein and the other encoding the spike ectodomain (Se) from porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV). Fourteen days after primary immunization, both mRNA vaccines induced high levels of immunoglobulin G and neutralizing antibodies in mice, with the S vaccine showing better performance than the Se vaccine. Passive immune protection of the S mRNA vaccine in suckling piglets was confirmed by the induction of robust PDCoV-specific humoral and cellular immune responses. The S mRNA vaccine also showed better protective effects than the inactivated vaccine. Our results suggest that the novel PDCoV-S mRNA-LNP vaccine may have the potential to combat PDCoV infection. IMPORTANCE As an emerging porcine enteropathogenic coronavirus, porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) has the potential for cross-species transmission, attracting extensive attention. Messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines are a promising option for combating emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases, as evidenced by the demonstrated efficacy of the COVID-19 mRNA vaccine. Here, we first demonstrated that PDCoV-S mRNA-lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccines could induce potent humoral and cellular immune responses in mice. An evaluation of passive immune protection of S mRNA vaccines in suckling piglets confirmed that the protective effect of mRNA vaccine was better than that of inactivated vaccine. This study suggests that the PDCoV-S mRNA-LNP vaccine may serve as a potential and novel vaccine candidate for combating PDCoV infection.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Swine
- Coronavirus Infections/prevention & control
- Coronavirus Infections/immunology
- Coronavirus Infections/veterinary
- Coronavirus Infections/virology
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology
- Antibodies, Neutralizing/blood
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/immunology
- Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus/genetics
- Mice
- Swine Diseases/prevention & control
- Swine Diseases/virology
- Swine Diseases/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/immunology
- Antibodies, Viral/blood
- Viral Vaccines/immunology
- Viral Vaccines/administration & dosage
- mRNA Vaccines
- Deltacoronavirus/immunology
- Deltacoronavirus/genetics
- Nanoparticles
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/immunology
- Immunoglobulin G/blood
- Immunoglobulin G/immunology
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Female
- Immunity, Humoral
- Liposomes
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizong Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhuoqi Chen
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Liyuan Fan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongli Guo
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaoming He
- Suzhou Huiliao Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Hongpeng Hu
- Suzhou Huiliao Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Jianhao Jiang
- Suzhou Huiliao Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Lixiang Zhao
- Suzhou Huiliao Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Tianyi Zhong
- Suzhou Huiliao Biomedical Technology Co., Ltd., Suzhou, China
| | - Baochao Fan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, China
| | - Xing Zhu
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, China
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Fan L, Wang W, Yi X, Yuan X, Chen Z, Xiao L, Lu C, Guo R, Fan B, Ma J, Zha Y, Shu J, Li J, Li B. An inactivated PDCoV vaccine induces robust neutralizing antibodies and immune protection in pigs lasting for three months. Microb Pathog 2024; 192:106714. [PMID: 38801864 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 05/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), a novel enteropathogenic coronavirus, causes diarrhea mainly in suckling piglets and has the potential to infect humans. Whereas, there is no commercially available vaccine which can effectively prevent this disease. In this study, to ascertain the duration of immune protection of inactivated PDCoV vaccine, suckling piglets were injected subcutaneously with inactivated PDCoV vaccine using a prime/boost strategy at 3 and 17-day-old. Neutralizing antibody assay showed that the level of the inactivated PDCoV group was still ≥1:64 at three months after prime vaccination. The three-month-old pigs were orally challenged with PDCoV strain CZ2020. Two pigs in challenge control group showed mild to severe diarrhea at 10-11 day-post-challenge (DPC), while the inactivated PDCoV group had no diarrhea. High levels of viral shedding, substantial intestinal villus atrophy, and positive straining of viral antigens in ileum were detected in challenge control group, while the pigs in inactivated PDCoV group exhibited significantly reduced viral load, minor intestinal villi damage and negative straining of viral antigens. These results demonstrated that PDCoV was pathogenic against three-month-old pigs and inactivated PDCoV vaccine can provide effective protection in pigs lasting for three months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Fan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xin Yi
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xuesong Yuan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Zhuoqi Chen
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Chunyu Lu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Rongli Guo
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Baochao Fan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Jiale Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yinhe Zha
- Zhejiang Hongsheng Biotechnology CO. LTD, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Jianhong Shu
- Zhejiang Hongsheng Biotechnology CO. LTD, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Jizong Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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4
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Zhou J, Wu W, Wang D, Wang W, Chang X, Li Y, Li J, Fan B, Zhou J, Guo R, Zhu X, Li B. Development of a colloidal gold immunochromatographic strip for the simultaneous detection of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus and transmissible gastroenteritis virus. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1418959. [PMID: 38962124 PMCID: PMC11220158 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1418959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, porcine diarrhea-associated viruses have caused significant economic losses globally. These viruses present similar clinical symptoms, such as watery diarrhea, dehydration, and vomiting. Co-infections with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) and transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV) are common. For the rapid and on-site preliminary diagnosis on the pig farms, this study aimed to develop a colloidal gold immunochromatography assay (GICA) strip for the detection of PEDV and TGEV simultaneously. The GICA kit showed that there was no cross-reactivity with the other five common porcine viruses. With visual observation, the lower limits were approximately 104 TCID50/mL and 104 TCID50/mL for PEDV and TGEV, respectively. The GICA strip could be stored at 4°C or 25°C for 12 months without affecting its efficacy. To validate the GICA strip, 121 clinical samples were tested. The positive rates of PEDV and TGEV were 42.9 and 9.9%, respectively, and the co-infection rate of the two viruses was 5.8% based on the duplex GICA strip. Thus, the established GICA strip is a rapid, specific, and stable tool for on-site preliminary diagnosis of PEDV- and TGEV-associated diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhu Zhou
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Fujian Agricultural and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dandan Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, China
| | - Xinjian Chang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, China
| | - Yunchuan Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, China
| | - Jizong Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, China
| | - Baochao Fan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, China
| | - Junming Zhou
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, China
| | - Rongli Guo
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, China
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5
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Wang J, Zhou J, Zhu X, Bian X, Han N, Fan B, Gu L, Cheng X, Li S, Tao R, Li J, Zhang X, Li B. Isolation and characterization of a G9P[23] porcine rotavirus strain AHFY2022 in China. Microb Pathog 2024; 190:106612. [PMID: 38467166 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Rotavirus group A (RVA) is a main pathogen causing diarrheal diseases in humans and animals. Various genotypes are prevalent in the Chinese pig herd. The genetic diversity of RVA lead to distinctly characteristics. In the present study, a porcine RVA strain, named AHFY2022, was successfully isolated from the small intestine tissue of piglets with severe diarrhea. The AHFY2022 strain was identified by cytopathic effects (CPE) observation, indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), electron microscopy (EM), high-throughput sequencing, and pathogenesis to piglets. The genomic investigation using NGS data revealed that AHFY2022 exhibited the genotypes G9-P[23]-I5-R1-C1-M1-A8-N1-T1-E1-H1, using the online platform the Bacterial and Viral Bioinformatics Resource Center (BV-BRC) (https://www.bv-brc.org/). Moreover, experimental inoculation in 5-day-old and 27-day-old piglets demonstrated that AHFY2022 caused severe diarrhea, fecal shedding, small intestinal villi damage, and colonization in all challenged piglets. Taken together, our results detailed the virological features of the porcine rotavirus G9P[23] from China, including the whole-genome sequences, genotypes, growth kinetics in MA104 cells and the pathogenicity in suckling piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxin Wang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhou
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Xianyu Bian
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Nan Han
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Baochao Fan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Laqiang Gu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Sufen Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Ran Tao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Jizong Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China
| | - Xuehan Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Science, Nanjing, 210014, China; Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Nanjing, 210014, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base, Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071000, China; Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonosis, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China; Guotai (Taizhou) Center of Technology Innovation for Veterinary Biologicals, Taizhou, 225300, China.
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6
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Zhang Y, Si L, Gao J, Shu X, Qiu C, Zhang Y, Zu S, Hu H. Serial passage of PDCoV in cell culture reduces its pathogenicity and its damage of gut microbiota homeostasis in piglets. mSystems 2024; 9:e0134623. [PMID: 38349151 PMCID: PMC10949489 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.01346-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an enteropathogenic coronavirus that mainly causes diarrhea in suckling piglets, and also has the potential for cross-species transmission. However, there are still no commercial vaccines available to prevent and control PDCoV infection. In this study, PDCoV strain HNZK-02 was serially propagated in vitro for up to 150 passages and the amino acid changes have mainly occurred in the S protein during serial passage which caused structure change. PDCoV HNZK-02-passage 5 (P5)-infected piglets exhibited acute and severe watery diarrhea, an obvious intestinal damage, while the piglets infected with PDCoV HNZK-02-P150 showed no obvious clinical signs, weak intestinal lesions, and lower viral loads in rectal swabs and various tissues. Compared with the PDCoV HNZK-02-P5 infection, HNZK-02-P150 infection resulted in a decrease in intestinal mucosal permeability and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, PDCoV HNZK-02-P5 infection had significantly reduced bacterial diversity and increased relative abundance of opportunistic pathogens, while PDCoV HNZK-02-P150 infection did not significantly affect the bacterial diversity, and the relative abundance of probiotics increased. Furthermore, the alterations of gut microbiota were closely related to the change of pro-inflammatory factor. Metagenomics prediction analysis demonstrated that HNZK-02-P150 modulated the tyrosine metabolism, Nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor signaling pathway, and lipopolysaccharide biosynthesis, which coincided with lower inflammatory response and intestinal permeability in the piglets infected with HNZK-02-P150. In conclusion, the PDCoV HNZK-02 was successfully attenuated by serial passage in vitro, and the changes of S gene, metabolic function, and gut microbiota may contribute to the attenuation. The PDCoV HNZK-02-P150 may have the potential for developing live-attenuated vaccine.IMPORTANCEPorcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an enteropathogen causing severe diarrhea, dehydration, and death in nursing piglets, devastating great economic losses for the global swine industry, and has cross-species transmission and zoonotic potential. There are currently no approved treatments or vaccines available for PDCoV. In addition, gut microbiota has an important relationship with the development of many diseases. Here, the PDCoV virulent HNZK-02 strain was successfully attenuated by serial passage on cell cultures, and the pathogenesis and effects on the gut microbiota composition and metabolic function of the PDCoV HNZK-02-P5 and P150 strains were investigated in piglets. We also found the genetic changes in the S protein during passage in vitro and the gut microbiota may contribute to the pathogenesis of PDCoV, while their interaction molecular mechanism would need to be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Zhang
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Lulu Si
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Junlong Gao
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiangli Shu
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Congrui Qiu
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal-derived Food Safety of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shaopo Zu
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal-derived Food Safety of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hui Hu
- The College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Key Laboratory for Animal-derived Food Safety of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Animal Pathogens and Biosafety, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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7
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Li J, Zhao S, Zhang B, Huang J, Peng Q, Xiao L, Yuan X, Guo R, Zhou J, Fan B, Xue T, Zhu X, Liu C, Zhu X, Ren L, Li B. A novel recombinant S-based subunit vaccine induces protective immunity against porcine deltacoronavirus challenge in piglets. J Virol 2023; 97:e0095823. [PMID: 37846983 PMCID: PMC10688320 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.00958-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE As an emerging porcine enteropathogenic coronavirus that has the potential to infect humans, porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is receiving increasing attention. However, no effective commercially available vaccines against this virus are available. In this work, we designed a spike (S) protein and receptor-binding domain (RBD) trimer as a candidate PDCoV subunit vaccine. We demonstrated that S protein induced more robust humoral and cellular immune responses than the RBD trimer in mice. Furthermore, the protective efficacy of the S protein was compared with that of inactivated PDCoV vaccines in piglets and sows. Of note, the immunized piglets and suckling pig showed a high level of NAbs and were associated with reduced virus shedding and mild diarrhea, and the high level of NAbs was maintained for at least 4 months. Importantly, we demonstrated that S protein-based subunit vaccines conferred significant protection against PDCoV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jizong Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Baotai Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qi Peng
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xuesong Yuan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongli Guo
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhou
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
| | - Baochao Fan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi, China
| | - Xuejiao Zhu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chuanmin Liu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Xing Zhu
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lili Ren
- School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing, China
- Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Disease and Zoonose, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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8
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Transcriptomic and antiviral analyses of PoIFN-Delta5 against porcine enteric viruses in porcine intestinal epithelial cells. Vet Microbiol 2023; 280:109718. [PMID: 36871521 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
The interferon-delta family was first reported in domestic pigs and belongs to the type I interferon (IFN-I) family. The enteric viruses could cause diarrhea in newborn piglets with high morbidity and mortality. We researched the function of the porcine IFN-delta (PoIFN-δ) family in the porcine intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) cells infected with porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). Our study found that all PoIFN-δs shared a typical IFN-I signature and could be divided into five branches in the phylogenic tree. Different strains of PEDV could induce typical IFN transitorily, and the virulent strain AH2012/12 had the strongest induction of porcine IFN-δ and IFN-alpha (PoIFN-α) in the early stage of infection. In addition, it was found that PoIFN-δ5/6/9/11 and PoIFN-δ1/2 were highly expressed in the intestine. PoIFN-δ5 had a better antiviral effect on PEDV compared to PoIFN-δ1 due to its higher induction of ISGs. PoIFN-δ1 and PoIFN-δ5 also activated JAK-STAT and IRS signaling. For other enteric viruses, transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV), and porcine rotavirus (PoRV), PoIFN-δ1 and PoIFN-δ5 both showed an excellent antiviral effect. Transcriptome analyses uncovered the differences in host responses to PoIFN-α and PoIFN-δ5 and revealed thousands of differentially expressed genes were mainly enriched in the inflammatory response, antigen processing and presentation, and other immune-related pathways. PoIFN-δ5 would be a potential antiviral drug, especially against porcine enteric viruses. These studies were the first to report the antiviral function against porcine enteric viruses and broaden the new acquaintances of this type of interferon though not novelly discovered.
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Huang L, Chen C. Employing pigs to decipher the host genetic effect on gut microbiome: advantages, challenges, and perspectives. Gut Microbes 2023; 15:2205410. [PMID: 37122143 PMCID: PMC10153013 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2205410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is a complex and diverse ecosystem comprised of trillions of microbes and plays an essential role in host's immunity, metabolism, and even behaviors. Environmental and host factors drive the huge variations in the gut microbiome among individuals. Here, we summarize accumulated evidences about host genetic effect on the gut microbial compositions with emphases on the correlation between host genetic kinship and the similarity of microbial compositions, heritability estimates of microbial taxa, and identification of genomic variants associated with the gut microbiome in pigs as well as in humans. A proportion of bacterial taxa have been reported to be heritable, and numerous variants associated with the diversity of the gut microbiota or specific taxa have been identified in both humans and pigs. LCT and ABO gene have been replicated in multiple studies, and its mechanism have been elucidated clearly. We also discuss the main advantages and challenges using pigs as experimental animals in exploring host genetic effect on the gut microbial composition and provided our insights on the perspectives in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lusheng Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Congying Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Pig Genetic Improvement, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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10
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Wang Z, Li S, Shao Y, Lu Y, Tan C, Cui Y, Ding G, Fu Y, Liu G, Chen J, Hu Y. Genomic characterization and pathogenicity analysis of a porcine deltacoronavirus strain isolated in western China. Arch Virol 2022; 167:2249-2262. [PMID: 36029354 PMCID: PMC9419129 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-022-05549-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an enteric virus that was first identified in 2012. Although PDCoV has been detected worldwide, there is little information about its circulation in western China. In this study, fecal samples were collected from piglets with watery diarrhea in western China between 2015 and 2018 for the detection of PDCoV. The positive rate was 29.9%. A PDCoV strain (CHN/CQ/BN23/2016, BN23) was isolated and selected for further investigation. Phylogenetic analysis showed that this strain formed an individual cluster between the early Chinese lineage and the Chinese lineage. RDP4 and SimPlot analysis demonstrated that strain BN23 is a recombinant of Thailand/S5015L/2015 and CHN-AH-2004. The pathogenicity of BN23 was evaluated in 3-day-old piglets. Challenged piglets developed serious clinical signs and died at 3 days post-inoculation. Our data show that PDCoV is prevalent in western China and that strain BN23 is highly pathogenic to newborn piglets. Therefore, more attention should be paid to emerging PDCoV strains in western China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zemei Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Ying-Men-Cun, Yin-Tan-Lu, An-Ning District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Xu-Jia-Ping, Yan-Chang-Bu, Cheng-Guan District, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Shuxian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Xu-Jia-Ping, Yan-Chang-Bu, Cheng-Guan District, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China
| | - Yongheng Shao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Ying-Men-Cun, Yin-Tan-Lu, An-Ning District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Xu-Jia-Ping, Yan-Chang-Bu, Cheng-Guan District, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Yabin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Xu-Jia-Ping, Yan-Chang-Bu, Cheng-Guan District, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China
| | - Chen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Xu-Jia-Ping, Yan-Chang-Bu, Cheng-Guan District, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Yaru Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Xu-Jia-Ping, Yan-Chang-Bu, Cheng-Guan District, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Guangming Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Xu-Jia-Ping, Yan-Chang-Bu, Cheng-Guan District, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Yuguang Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Xu-Jia-Ping, Yan-Chang-Bu, Cheng-Guan District, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China
| | - Guangliang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Ying-Men-Cun, Yin-Tan-Lu, An-Ning District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.,State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Xu-Jia-Ping, Yan-Chang-Bu, Cheng-Guan District, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, 830052, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jianing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 1 Xu-Jia-Ping, Yan-Chang-Bu, Cheng-Guan District, Lanzhou, 730046, Gansu, China.
| | - Yonghao Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Ying-Men-Cun, Yin-Tan-Lu, An-Ning District, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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11
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Zhang B, Zhao S, Zhong C, Xiao L, Yan A, Xue T, Huang J, Zhou J, Peng Q, Guo R, Fan B, Liu C, Ni Y, Zhu X, Shu J, Zha Y, Chen J, Li J, Li B. Comparison of pathogenicity of porcine deltacoronavirus CZ2020 from cell culture and intestinal contents in 27-day-old piglets. Microb Pathog 2022; 170:105723. [PMID: 35981694 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2022.105723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Porcine deltacoronavirus (PDCoV) is an emenging swine enteropathogenic coronavirus that can cause high mortality rate. It affects pigs of all ages, but most several in neonatal piglets. Little is known regarding the pathogenicity of PDCoV against 27-day-old piglets. In this study, 27-day-old piglets were experimentally infected with PDCoV CZ2020 from cell culture, the challenged piglets do not have obvious symptoms from 1 to 7 days post-challenge (DPC), while viral shedding was detected in rectal swab at 1 DPC. Tissues of small intestines displayed slight macroscopic and microscopic lesions with no viral antigen detection. On the other hand, 27-day-old piglets were infected with PDCoV from intestinal contents, the piglets developed mild to severe diarrhea, shedding increasing from 2 to 7 DPC, and developed macroscopic and microscopic lesions in small intestines with clear viral antigen confirmed by immunohistochemistry staining. Indicating the small intestine was still the major target organ in PDCoV-challenged pigs at the age of 27-day-old. Diarrhea caused by PDCoV from intestinal contents in 27-day-old piglets is less reported. Thus, our results might provide new insights into the pathogenesis of PDCoV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baotai Zhang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Shuqing Zhao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of Pharmacy, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 21009, China
| | - Chunyan Zhong
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Biological Engineering Department, Southwest Guizhou Vocational and Technical College for Nationalities, Xingyi, 562400, China
| | - Li Xiao
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Ai Yan
- Zunyi Animal Disease Control Center, Zunyi, 563000, China
| | - Tao Xue
- School of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China
| | - Jin Huang
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhou
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Qi Peng
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Rongli Guo
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Baochao Fan
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Chuanmin Liu
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China; Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Yanxiu Ni
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China
| | - Xing Zhu
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Jianhong Shu
- Zhejiang Hongsheng Biotechnology CO. LTD, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Yinhe Zha
- Zhejiang Hongsheng Biotechnology CO. LTD, Shaoxing, 312000, China
| | - Jin Chen
- Luduo Town Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Station, Baoying, 225817, China
| | - Jizong Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of Pharmacy, Linyi University, Linyi, 276000, China; Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biological Engineering and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210014, China; Institute of Life Sciences, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China; College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China; Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, China.
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