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Abstract
Hantavirus induced hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an emerging viral zoonosis affecting up to 200,000 humans annually worldwide. This review article is focused on recent advances in the mechanism, epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of hantavirus induced HFRS. The importance of interactions between viral and host factors in the design of therapeutic strategies is discussed. Hantavirus induced HFRS is characterized by thrombocytopenia and proteinuria of varying severities. The mechanism of kidney injury appears immunopathological with characteristic deterioration of endothelial cell function and compromised barrier functions of the vasculature. Although multidisciplinary research efforts have provided insights about the loss of cellular contact in the endothelium leading to increased permeability, the details of the molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. The epidemiology of hantavirus induced renal failure is associated with viral species and the geographical location of the natural host of the virus. The development of vaccine and antiviral therapeutics is necessary to avoid potentially severe outbreaks of this zoonotic illness in the future. The recent groundbreaking approach to the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine has revolutionized the general field of vaccinology and has provided new directions for the use of this promising platform for widespread vaccine development, including the development of hantavirus mRNA vaccine. The combinational therapies specifically targeted to inhibit hantavirus replication and vascular permeability in infected patients will likely improve the disease outcome.
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Kim WK, Cho S, Lee SH, No JS, Lee GY, Park K, Lee D, Jeong ST, Song JW. Genomic Epidemiology and Active Surveillance to Investigate Outbreaks of Hantaviruses. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 10:532388. [PMID: 33489927 PMCID: PMC7819890 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2020.532388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging and re-emerging RNA viruses pose significant public health, economic, and societal burdens. Hantaviruses (genus Orthohantavirus, family Hantaviridae, order Bunyavirales) are enveloped, negative-sense, single-stranded, tripartite RNA viruses that are emerging zoonotic pathogens harbored by small mammals such as rodents, bats, moles, and shrews. Orthohantavirus infections cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome in humans (HCPS). Active targeted surveillance has elucidated high-resolution phylogeographic relationships between patient- and rodent-derived orthohantavirus genome sequences and identified the infection source by temporally and spatially tracking viral genomes. Active surveillance of patients with HFRS entails 1) recovering whole-genome sequences of Hantaan virus (HTNV) using amplicon (multiplex PCR-based) next-generation sequencing, 2) tracing the putative infection site of a patient by administering an epidemiological questionnaire, and 3) collecting HTNV-positive rodents using targeted rodent trapping. Moreover, viral genome tracking has been recently performed to rapidly and precisely characterize an outbreak from the emerging virus. Here, we reviewed genomic epidemiological and active surveillance data for determining the emergence of zoonotic RNA viruses based on viral genomic sequences obtained from patients and natural reservoirs. This review highlights the recent studies on tracking viral genomes for identifying and characterizing emerging viral outbreaks worldwide. We believe that active surveillance is an effective method for identifying rodent-borne orthohantavirus infection sites, and this report provides insights into disease mitigation and preparedness for managing emerging viral outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won-Keun Kim
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea.,Institute of Medical Science, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, South Korea
| | - Seungchan Cho
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Seung-Ho Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jin Sun No
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Geum-Young Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kyungmin Park
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Daesang Lee
- 4th R&D Institute, Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seong Tae Jeong
- 4th R&D Institute, Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Jin-Won Song
- Department of Microbiology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.,BK21 Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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3
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Abstract
Hantaviruses belongs to the genus Hantavirus in the family Bunyaviridae are maintained in rodents and infects to humans by inhalation of the aerosol of infected rodent excreta. In this article, the epidemiology of hantavirus infection and the special relationship between rodent and hantavirus are described. Hantavirus infections include hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) and hantavirus cardiopulmonary syndrome (HCPS). HFRS is characterized high fever, hemorrhage, and renal disorder. HFRS is distributed in East Asia, Europe, and Russia. While HCPS is characterized acute respiratory dysfunction and cardiogenic shock. The distribution of HCPS is limited in North and South Americas. In Japan's neighboring countries, such as Russia, China, and Korea, large numbers of HFRS patients are reported in association with multiple hantaviruses. In Japan, hantavirus infection has not been reported since 1985 but grey red-backed vole (Myodes rufocanus bedfordiae) inhabiting Hokkaido maintain one of the hantaviruses. Coevolution between hantavirus and host may have been occurred during a long period. The endemic areas of hantavirus infection are strongly associated with the distribution of host animal carrying pathogenic hantaviruses.
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Wang CQ, Gao JH, Li M, Guo WP, Lu MQ, Wang W, Hu MX, Li MH, Yang J, Liang HJ, Tian XF, Holmes EC, Zhang YZ. Co-circulation of Hantaan, Kenkeme, and Khabarovsk Hantaviruses in Bolshoy Ussuriysky Island, China. Virus Res 2014; 191:51-8. [PMID: 25087879 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Revised: 07/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) was first recognized in far eastern Asia in the 1930s, and has been highly prevalent in this region ever since. To reveal the molecular epidemiology of hantaviruses in this region, a total of 374 small mammals (eight species of rodents and one species of shrew) were captured in the Chinese part of the Bolshoy Ussuriysky Island (Heilongjiang Province). Hantavirus sequences were recovered from three striped field mice (Apodemus agrarius), 11 Maximowicz's voles (Microtus maximowiczii), and one flat-skulled shrew (Sorex roboratus). Genetic and phylogenetic analysis revealed the presence of three viruses: Hantaan virus (HTNV), Khabarovsk virus (KHAV), and Kenkeme virus (KKMV). HTNV sequences recovered from A. agrarius were closely related to those identified in Apodemus mice from the surrounding areas, while a new lineage of KHAV was present in M. maximowiczii. Additionally, while the viral sequences recovered from one flat-skulled shrew were most closely related to KKMV, their divergence to the prototype strain suggests that they represent a new viral subtype. Overall, these results suggest that Bolshoy Ussuriysky Island harbors considerable hantavirus diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Qiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China; School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei United University, Tangshan 063000, PR China
| | - Jian-Hua Gao
- Heilong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ming Li
- Heilong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wen-Ping Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ming-Qing Lu
- Heilong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Wen Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Man-Xia Hu
- Heilong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Ming-Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Heilong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Hui-Jie Liang
- Heilong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China
| | - Xi-Feng Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hebei United University, Tangshan 063000, PR China
| | - Edward C Holmes
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, China; Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Charles Perkins Centre, School of Biological Sciences and Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Yong-Zhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Infectious Disease Prevention and Control, Department of Zoonoses, National Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
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Martinuč Bergoč M, Lindič J, Kovač D, Ferluga D, Pajek J. Successful Treatment of Severe Hantavirus Nephritis With Corticosteroids: A Case Report and Literature Review. Ther Apher Dial 2013; 17:402-6. [DOI: 10.1111/1744-9987.12086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jelka Lindič
- Department of Nephrology; University Medical Centre Ljubljana; Ljubljana; Slovenia
| | - Damjan Kovač
- Department of Nephrology; University Medical Centre Ljubljana; Ljubljana; Slovenia
| | - Dušan Ferluga
- Institute of Pathology; Faculty of Medicine; University of Ljubljana; Ljubljana; Slovenia
| | - Jernej Pajek
- Department of Nephrology; University Medical Centre Ljubljana; Ljubljana; Slovenia
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Zhang Y, Liu BH, Lin F, Zhang YG, Si BY, Kang XP, Hu Y, Li J, Wu XY, Li YC, Zhu QY, Yang YH. The first complete genomic characterization of an Amur virus isolate from China. Arch Virol 2013; 158:2185-8. [PMID: 23605588 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-013-1633-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Amur virus (AMRV) is a member of the genus Hantavirus in the family Bunyaviridae. In this study, we determined for the first time the complete genome sequence of the AMRV H8205 strain, which was isolated from a patient with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) in China. The complete nucleotide sequence of the S segment of AMRV H8205 is 1699 nt long, with a 5' noncoding region (5'NC) of 36 nt, followed by a coding sequence of 1290 nt and a 3'NC of 373 nt. The complete sequence of the M segment is 3615 nt long, with a 5'NC of 40 nt, followed by a coding sequence of 3408 nt and a 3'NC of 167 nt. The complete sequence of the L segment is 6536 nt long, with a 5'NC of 37 nt, followed by a coding sequence of 6453 nt and a 3'NC of 40 nt. The major open reading frame (ORF) of each of the three segments (S, nt 37-1326; M, nt 41-3445; L, nt 38-6490) has a coding capacity of 430 aa, 1135 aa, 2151 aa, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences using the NJ method indicated that H8205 virus, together with the Amur strains isolated from Far-Eastern Russia and Korea, forms a well-supported lineage. Our results will provide insights into the genetic diversity of hantaviruses (HNTV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- State Key laboratory of Pathogens and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, 20 Dongda Street, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100071, People's Republic of China
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7
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Complete genome sequence of an amur virus isolated from Apodemus peninsulae in Northeastern China. J Virol 2013; 86:13816-7. [PMID: 23166234 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02586-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Amur virus was recently identified as the causative agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Here we report the complete genome sequence of an Amur virus isolated from Apodemus peninsulae in Northeastern China. The sequence information provided here is critical for the molecular epidemiology and evolution of Amur virus in China.
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Sanada T, Seto T, Ozaki Y, Saasa N, Yoshimatsu K, Arikawa J, Yoshii K, Kariwa H. Isolation of Hokkaido virus, genus Hantavirus, using a newly established cell line derived from the kidney of the grey red-backed vole (Myodes rufocanus bedfordiae). J Gen Virol 2012; 93:2237-2246. [PMID: 22791608 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.045377-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses belong to the family Bunyaviridae and are maintained in wild rodents. Although Vero E6 cells, which originate from African green monkey kidney, are used widely in hantavirus research, isolation of hantaviruses from this cell line is difficult. To develop an efficient method of propagation and isolation of hantaviruses we established a novel cell line, MRK101, derived from the kidney of the grey red-backed vole (Myodes rufocanus bedfordiae), the natural host of Hokkaido virus (HOKV). The MRK101 cells showed a significantly higher susceptibility to Puumala virus (PUUV) hosted by Myodes glareolus than Vero E6 cells. Viral nucleocapsid protein in PUUV-infected MRK101 cells was detected earlier than in Vero E6 cells, and the viral titre in the culture fluid of MRK101 cells was higher than that of Vero E6 cells during the early phase of infection. In contrast, MRK101 cells showed no susceptibility to Hantaan virus. HOKV, which has not been isolated to date, was isolated successfully using MRK101 cells. Moreover, the newly isolated HOKV was successfully propagated in MRK101, but not Vero E6, cells. Phylogenic analyses of the S (small), M (medium) and L (large) segment sequences revealed that HOKV is related most closely to PUUV, but is distinct from other hantaviruses. These data suggest that the MRK101 cell line is a useful tool for the isolation and propagation of hantaviruses. Moreover, this is (to our knowledge) the first report of hantavirus isolation in a cell line that originated from the natural host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Sanada
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Takahiro Seto
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Yuka Ozaki
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Ngonda Saasa
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Kumiko Yoshimatsu
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0838, Japan
| | - Jiro Arikawa
- Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0838, Japan
| | - Kentaro Yoshii
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kariwa
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
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9
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Sanada T, Kariwa H, Saasa N, Yoshikawa K, Seto T, Morozov VG, Tkachenko EA, Ivanov LI, Yoshimatsu K, Arikawa J, Yoshii K, Takashima I. Development of a diagnostic method applicable to various serotypes of hantavirus infection in rodents. J Vet Med Sci 2012; 74:1237-42. [PMID: 22673703 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.12-0006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Antigenic diversity among different hantaviruses requires a variety of reagents for diagnosis of hantavirus infection. To develop a diagnostic method applicable to various hantavirus infections with a single set of reagents, we developed an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using recombinant nucleocapsid proteins of three hantaviruses, Amur, Hokkaido, and Sin Nombre viruses. This novel cocktail antigen-based ELISA enabled detection of antibodies against Hantaan, Seoul, Amur, Puumala, and Sin Nombre viruses in immunized laboratory animals. In wild rodent species, including Apodemus, Rattus, and Myodes, our ELISA detected antibodies against hantaviruses with high sensitivity and specificity. These data suggest that our novel diagnostic ELISA is a useful tool for screening hantavirus infections and could be effectively utilized for serological surveillance and quarantine purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Sanada
- Laboratory of Public Health, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-18 Nishi-9, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-0818, Japan
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10
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Saasa N, Yoshida H, Shimizu K, Sánchez-Hernández C, Romero-Almaraz MDL, Koma T, Sanada T, Seto T, Yoshii K, Ramos C, Yoshimatsu K, Arikawa J, Takashima I, Kariwa H. The N-terminus of the Montano virus nucleocapsid protein possesses broadly cross-reactive conformation-dependent epitopes conserved in rodent-borne hantaviruses. Virology 2012; 428:48-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2012.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 03/13/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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11
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Kariwa H, Yoshikawa K, Tanikawa Y, Seto T, Sanada T, Saasa N, Ivanov LI, Slonova R, Zakharycheva TA, Nakamura I, Yoshimatsu K, Arikawa J, Yoshii K, Takashima I. Isolation and characterization of hantaviruses in Far East Russia and etiology of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in the region. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2012; 86:545-53. [PMID: 22403334 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.11-0297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is a serious public health issue in Far East Russia. Two different hantaviruses were isolated from rodents captured in the Khabarovsk region: Amur virus (AMRV; Khekhtsir/AP209/2005 strain from Apodemus peninsulae) and Hantaan virus (HTNV; Galkino/AA57/2002 strain from A. agrarius). Genetic analysis of the new isolates revealed that the M and L segments were apparently different between AMRV and HTNV, but S segments of the two viruses were closer. The antigenicities of AMRV, HTNV, and Seoul virus (SEOV) were differentiated by cross-neutralization. Serological differential diagnoses of 67 HFRS patients in the Prymorsky and Khabarovsk regions of Far East Russia were conducted using a neutralization test. The results revealed that the major cause of HFRS varied with location in Far East Russia: SEOV for Vladivostok city in the Prymorsky region, AMRV in rural areas of the Primorsky region, and probably HTNV for the Khabarovsk region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kariwa
- Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
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12
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Seto T, Nagata N, Yoshikawa K, Ichii O, Sanada T, Saasa N, Ozaki Y, Kon Y, Yoshii K, Takashima I, Kariwa H. Infection of Hantaan virus strain AA57 leading to pulmonary disease in laboratory mice. Virus Res 2011; 163:284-90. [PMID: 22044619 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Hantaan virus (HTNV) is a causative agent of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). The pathogenesis of HFRS has not been fully elucidated, mainly due to the lack of a suitable animal model. In laboratory mice, HTNV causes encephalitis. However, that symptom is dissimilar to human hantavirus infections. We found that HTNV strain AA57 (isolated from Apodemus agrarius in Far East Russia) caused pulmonary disease in 2-week-old ICR mice. The clinical signs of the infected mice were piloerection, trembling, hunching, labored breathing, and body-weight loss. A large volume of pleural effusion was collected from thoracic cavities of the dead mice. Overall, 45% of the mice inoculated with 3000 focus forming units (FFU) of the virus began to show clinical symptoms at 8 days post-inoculation, and 25% of the inoculated mice died within 3 days of onset of the disease. The morbidity and mortality rates of the mice inoculated with 30-30,000FFU of HTNV strain AA57 were roughly equivalent. The highest rates of virus positivity (11/12) and the highest titers of HTNV strain AA57 were detected in the lungs of the dead mice, while lower detection rates and viral titers were found in the heart, kidneys, spleen, and brain. Interstitial pneumonia, perivascular edema, hemorrhage, inflammatory infiltration and vascular failure were observed in the lungs of the sick mice. Hantaviral antigens were detected in the lung endothelial cells of the sick mice. The symptoms and pathology of this mouse model resemble those of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) and, to a certain extent, those of HFRS. This is the first report that, in laboratory mice, the HFRS-related hantavirus causes a HPS-like disease and shares some symptom similarities with HFRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Seto
- Laboratory of Public Health, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-18, Nishi-9, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
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13
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An efficient in vivo method for the isolation of Puumala virus in Syrian hamsters and the characterization of the isolates from Russia. J Virol Methods 2010; 173:17-23. [PMID: 21192975 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2010.12.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2010] [Revised: 12/10/2010] [Accepted: 12/21/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Puumala virus (PUUV) and other Arvicolinae-borne hantaviruses are difficult to cultivate in cell culture. To isolate these hantaviruses efficiently, hantavirus nucleocapsid protein (NP)-positive but seronegative wild rodents were selected by NP-detection ELISA. Three of 68 Myodes glareolus captured in Samara, Russia, were NP-positive and seronegative. Syrian hamsters were inoculated with lung homogenates from NP-positive rodents for virus propagation. Virus isolation in vitro was carried out by inoculation of lung homogenates of NP-positive hamsters to Vero E6 cell monolayers. Two PUUV strains (Samara49/CG/2005 and Samara94/CG/2005) from M. glareolus were isolated in Vero E6 cells. Nucleotide and amino acid sequence identities of the S segment of these isolates to those of PUUV F-s808 from a fatal HFRS patient in Samara region were 96.7-99.3% and 99.3-100.0%, respectively. Morphologic features of Vero E6 cells infected with PUUV strain Samara49/CG/2005 were quite similar to those of Hantaan virus-infected cells. Isolation of Hokkaido virus from Myodes rufocanus captured in Hokkaido, Japan, was also performed. Hokkaido virus NP and RNA were recovered and maintained in hamsters. These results suggest that inoculation of Syrian hamsters with rodent samples is an efficient method for the isolation and maintenance of PUUV and other Arvicolinae-borne hantaviruses.
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Zou Y, Hu J, Wang ZX, Wang DM, Li MH, Ren GD, Duan ZX, Fu ZF, Plyusnin A, Zhang YZ. Molecular diversity and phylogeny of Hantaan virus in Guizhou, China: evidence for Guizhou as a radiation center of the present Hantaan virus. J Gen Virol 2008; 89:1987-1997. [DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.2008/000497-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To gain further insight into the molecular epidemiology of Hantaan virus (HTNV) in Guizhou, China, rodents were captured in this region in 2004 and 2005. In addition, serum samples were collected from four patients. Ten hantaviruses were isolated successfully in cell culture from four humans, two Apodemus agrarius, three Rattus norvegicus and one Rattus nitidus. The nucleotide sequences for their small (S), medium (M) and partial large (L) segments were determined. Phylogenetic analysis of the S and M segment sequences revealed that all of these isolates belong to the species HTNV, suggesting a spillover of HTNV from A. agrarius to Rattus rats. All available isolates from Guizhou were divided into four distinct groups either in the S segment tree or in the M segment tree. The clustering pattern of these isolates in the S segment tree was not in agreement with that in the M or L segment tree, showing that genetic reassortment between HTNV had occurred naturally. Analysis of the S segment sequences from available HTNV strains indicated that they formed three clades. The first clade, which comprised only viruses from Guizhou, was the outgroup of clades II and III. The viruses in the second clade were found in Guizhou and mainly in the far-east Asian region, including China. However, the viruses in the third clade were found in most areas of China, including Guizhou, in which haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is endemic. Our results reveal that the highest genetic diversity of HTNV is in a limited geographical region of Guizhou, and suggest that Guizhou might be a radiation centre of the present form of HTNV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zou
- Beijing Friendship Hospital, Affiliate of Capital Medical University, Beijing, PR China
- Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, PR China
| | - Jing Hu
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Zhao-Xiao Wang
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Ding-Ming Wang
- Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Ming-Hui Li
- Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, PR China
| | - Guo-Dong Ren
- Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, PR China
| | - Zheng-Xiu Duan
- Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, PR China
| | - Zhen F. Fu
- Department of Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Alexander Plyusnin
- Department of Virology, Haartman Institute, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yong-Zhen Zhang
- Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, 102206 Beijing, PR China
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15
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Yan L, Fang LQ, Huang HG, Zhang LQ, Feng D, Zhao WJ, Zhang WY, Li XW, Cao WC. Landscape elements and Hantaan virus-related hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, People's Republic of China. Emerg Infect Dis 2008; 13:1301-6. [PMID: 18252099 PMCID: PMC2857277 DOI: 10.3201/eid1309.061481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is an important public health problem in the People’s Republic of China, accounting for 90% of human cases reported globally. In this study, a landscape epidemiologic approach, combined with geographic information system and remote sensing techniques, was applied to increase our understanding of HFRS due to Hantaan virus and its relationship with landscape elements in China. The landscape elements considered were elevation, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), precipitation, annual cumulative air temperature, land surface temperature, soil type, and land use. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that HFRS incidence was remarkably associated with elevation, NDVI, precipitation, annual cumulative air temperature, semihydromorphic soils, timber forests, and orchards. These findings have important applications for targeting HFRS interventions in mainland China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, IRSA/CAS, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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16
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Jiang JF, Zhang WY, Yao K, Wu XM, Zuo SQ, Zhan L, Zhang PH, Cao WC. A new Hantaan-like virus in rodents (Apodemus peninsulae) from Northeastern China. Virus Res 2007; 130:292-5. [PMID: 17624464 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2007.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2007] [Revised: 05/19/2007] [Accepted: 05/22/2007] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Lung tissue samples of 76 Korean field mice (Apodemus peninsulae) collected from northeastern China bordering with Far East Russia and Korea were detected for hantavirus partial M-segment or entire S-segment sequences by RT-PCR and 481-nt mitochondrial DNA fragment of the rodents. Four A. peninsulae mice were found positive for partial M-segment of hantavirus. Sequence analyses of partial M-segment or/and entire S-segment of the hantaviruses revealed that three were closely related to Hantaan virus (HTNV) strain 76-118. One new variant of HTNV-like virus designated as "Jilin-AP06" was much different from other rodent-borne hantavirus from China, and clustered with Amur (AMR) virus strains, which represent a distinct genetic lineage. These findings imply that hantavirus Jililn-AP06 strain from A. peninsulae is a new record of rodent-borne AMR virus in China. A. peninsulae might be a natural carrier of two distinct hantaviruses, AMR virus and HTNV in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Fu Jiang
- Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing 100071, PR China
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17
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Kariwa H, Yoshimatsu K, Arikawa J. Hantavirus infection in East Asia. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2007; 30:341-56. [PMID: 17655929 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2007.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2007] [Accepted: 05/16/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Hantaviruses are enveloped RNA viruses that belong to the Hantavirus genus of the family Bunyaviridae. These viruses persistently infect their rodent reservoirs without causing disease. The virus is transmitted to humans via the inhalation of infectious aerosols generated from contaminated animal secretions or through the contaminated saliva of animal bites. Hantaviruses cause haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Euro-Asia, and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) in North and South America. Here, we review the epidemiology and epizootiology of hantavirus infection in Asian countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kariwa
- Laboratory of Public Health, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan
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18
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Zhang YZ, Zou Y, Yao LS, Hu GW, Du ZS, Jin LZ, Liu YY, Wang HX, Chen X, Chen HX, Fu ZF. Isolation and characterization of hantavirus carried by Apodemus peninsulae in Jilin, China. J Gen Virol 2007; 88:1295-1301. [PMID: 17374775 DOI: 10.1099/vir.0.82534-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To provide a better understanding of hantavirus epidemiology in China, Korean field mice (Apodemus peninsulae) and striped field mice (Apodemus agrarius) were captured in Jilin province, China, where haemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS) is endemic. Hantavirus antigens were detected in eight of the 130 A. peninsulae individuals and in four of the 193 A. agrarius individuals by using an immunofluorescence assay. Partial S and M segments were amplified from all of the antigen-positive samples. Furthermore, two hantaviruses (CJAp89 and CJAp93) were isolated successfully in cell culture and the entire S and M segments were amplified from one of them (CJAp93). Phylogenetic analysis of these sequences (partial or complete) showed that hantaviruses carried by A. peninsulae and A. agrarius form two distinct lineages, although viruses carried by A. peninsulae are similar to those isolated previously from A. agrarius in China and from HFRS patients in Russia. However, the viruses detected in A. peninsulae in China are genetically different from those detected in A. peninsulae in other countries. These data suggest that A. peninsulae is also a natural host for HTNV in north-eastern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Zhen Zhang
- Department of Hemorrhagic Fever, Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yang Zou
- Department of Hemorrhagic Fever, Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Lai-Shun Yao
- Jilin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Guang-Wei Hu
- Jilin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Zhan-Shen Du
- Jilin Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changchun 130021, Jilin Province, China
| | - Long-Zhe Jin
- Hunchun Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hunchun 133300, Jilin Province, China
| | - Yao-Yuan Liu
- Fusong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Fusong 134500, Jilin Province, China
| | - Hong-Xia Wang
- Department of Hemorrhagic Fever, Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Xian Chen
- Department of Hemorrhagic Fever, Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Hua-Xin Chen
- Department of Hemorrhagic Fever, Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Changping Liuzi 5, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhen F Fu
- Department of Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
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19
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Jiang JF, Zhang WY, Wu XM, Zhang PH, Cao WC. Soochong virus and amur virus might be the same entities of hantavirus. J Med Virol 2007; 79:1792-5. [PMID: 17854038 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.20957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Amur virus (AMRV) and Soochong virus (SOOV) were reported to be carried by Korean field mice (Apodemus peninsulae) in the Far East of Russia, China, and Korea. The distinction and demarcation between these two viruses have been a matter of debate. In order to clarify this issue and to confirm taxonomic position of AMRV and SOOV, the extensive phylogenetic analyses based on entire S segment and entire M segment sequences of AMRV, SOOV and other reference virus strains deposited in GenBank, were carried out using maximum likelihood and distant matrix methods. All inferred phylogenies revealed that all AMRV strains from China and Far East and SOOV (especially SOO-1/2 strains from Northeastern Korea) shared high identities of nucleotide sequences and were monophyletic distinct from Apodemus agrarius HTNV. Although two genetic sublineages of SOOV exist, these findings revealed that AMRV and SOOV might belong to the same entities of hantavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Fu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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20
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Lokugamage N, Kariwa H, Lokugamage K, Iwasa MA, Hagiya T, Yoshii K, Tachi A, Ando S, Fukushima H, Tsuchiya K, Iwasaki T, Araki K, Yoshimatsu K, Arikawa J, Mizutani T, Osawa K, Sato H, Takashima I. Epizootiological and epidemiological study of hantavirus infection in Japan. Microbiol Immunol 2005; 48:843-51. [PMID: 15557742 DOI: 10.1111/j.1348-0421.2004.tb03616.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Epizootiological surveys on hantavirus infections in rodents were carried out in various areas of Japan, including the four major islands of Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu from 2000 to 2003. A total of 1,221 rodents and insectivores were captured. Seropositive animals were found in Apodemus (A.) speciosus (5/482, 1.0%), Rattus (R.) norvegicus (4/364, 1.1%), R. rattus (3/45, 6.7%), and Clethrionomys (C.) rufocanus (7/197, 3.6%). The partial S segment was amplified from one seropositive R. rattus captured at Hakodate. The nucleotide sequence showed 96% identity with the Seoul virus (SEOV) prototype strain SR-11. In addition, we conducted an epidemiological survey on human hantavirus infection in a high-risk population, the personnel of the Japan Ground Self-defense Force on Hokkaido. One out of 207 human blood samples was positive for anti-hantavirus antibody by IFA, ELISA, and WB analysis. The result of the serotype specific ELISA indicates that this individual acquired SEOV infection. This study indicates that A. speciosus, R. norvegicus, R. rattus, and C. rufocanus carry hantaviruses as the reservoir animals in Japan. Infected R. rattus and R. norvegicus in port areas could be the sources of human SEOV infection and a threat to travelers and individuals working in seaports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandadeva Lokugamage
- Laboratory of Public Health, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Japan
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21
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Baek LJ, Kariwa H, Lokugamage K, Yoshimatsu K, Arikawa J, Takashima I, Kang JI, Moon SS, Chung SY, Kim EJ, Kang HJ, Song KJ, Klein TA, Yanagihara R, Song JW. Soochong virus: An antigenically and genetically distinct hantavirus isolated fromApodemus peninsulae in Korea. J Med Virol 2005; 78:290-7. [PMID: 16372283 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.20538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hantaan (HTN) virus, the etiologic agent of clinically severe hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), was first isolated in 1976 from lung tissue of a striped-field mouse (Apodemus agrarius) captured in Songnae-ri, Gyeonggi Province, Republic of Korea. Found primarily in mountainous areas, the Korean field mouse (A. peninsulae) is the second-most dominant field rodent species found throughout Korea. A new hantavirus, designated Soochong (SOO), was isolated in Vero E6 cells from four A. peninsulae captured in August 1997 at Mt. Gyebang in Hongcheon-gun, Mt. Gachil, Inje-gun, Gangwon Province, and in September 1998 at Mt. Deogyu, Muju-gun, Jeollabuk Province. The entire S, M, and L genomic segments of SOO virus, amplified by RT-PCR from lung tissues of seropositive A. peninsulae and from virus-infected Vero E6 cells, diverged from HTN virus (strain 76-118) by 15.6%, 22.8%, and 21.7% at the nucleotide level and 3.5%, 9.5%, and 4.6% at the amino acid level, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses of the nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequences, using the maximum parsimony and neighbor-joining methods, indicated that SOO virus was distinct from A. agrarius-borne HTN virus. SOO virus shared a common ancestry with Amur virus from Far East Russia, as well as with H5 and B78 hantaviruses, previously isolated from HFRS patients in China. Cross-focus-reduction neutralizating antibody tests showed that SOO virus, which is the first hantavirus isolated in cell culture from A. peninsulae, could be classified as a new hantavirus serotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luck Ju Baek
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Institute for Viral Diseases, Korea University, Seoul, Korea
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22
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Maes P, Clement J, Gavrilovskaya I, Van Ranst M. Hantaviruses: Immunology, Treatment, and Prevention. Viral Immunol 2004; 17:481-97. [PMID: 15671746 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2004.17.481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Hantaviruses are rodent-borne bunyaviruses that are associated with two main clinical diseases in humans: hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome. It has been suggested that host-related immune mechanisms rather than direct viral cytopathology may be responsible for the principal abnormality (vascular dysfunction) in these syndromes. This review summarizes the current knowledge on hantaviral host immune responses, immune abnormalities, laboratory diagnosis, and antiviral therapy as well as the current approaches in vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piet Maes
- Laboratory of Clinical Virology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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