1
|
Yang CH, Hsu CF, Lai XQ, Chan YR, Li HC, Lo SY. Cellular PSMB4 Protein Suppresses Influenza A Virus Replication through Targeting NS1 Protein. Viruses 2022; 14:2277. [PMID: 36298834 PMCID: PMC9612107 DOI: 10.3390/v14102277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) of influenza A virus (IAV) possesses multiple functions, such as the inhibition of the host antiviral immune responses, to facilitate viral infection. To search for cellular proteins interacting with the IAV NS1 protein, the yeast two-hybrid system was adopted. Proteasome family member PSMB4 (proteasome subunit beta type 4) was found to interact with the NS1 protein in this screening experiment. The binding domains of these two proteins were also determined using this system. The physical interactions between the NS1 and cellular PSMB4 proteins were further confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation assay and confocal microscopy in mammalian cells. Neither transiently nor stably expressed NS1 protein affected the PSMB4 expression in cells. In contrast, PSMB4 reduced the NS1 protein expression level, especially in the presence of MG132. As expected, the functions of the NS1 protein, such as inhibition of interferon activity and enhancement of transient gene expression, were suppressed by PSMB4. PSMB4 knockdown enhances IAV replication, while its overexpression attenuates IAV replication. Thus, the results of this study suggest that the cellular PSMB4 protein interacts with and possibly facilitates the degradation of the NS1 protein, which in turn suppresses IAV replication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chee-Hing Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Section 3, Chung Yang Road, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Che-Fang Hsu
- Center for Prevention and Therapy of Gynecological Cancers, Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Xiang-Qing Lai
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Section 3, Chung Yang Road, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ru Chan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Section 3, Chung Yang Road, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chun Li
- Department of Biochemistry, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Yen Lo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, Tzu Chi University, No. 701, Section 3, Chung Yang Road, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
An C, Wu Y, Wu J, Liu H, Zhou S, Ge D, Dong R, You L, Hao Y. Berberine ameliorates pulmonary inflammation in mice with influenza viral pneumonia by inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation and gasdermin D‐mediated pyroptosis. Drug Dev Res 2022; 83:1707-1721. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen An
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Science Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing China
| | - Yanmin Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Technology Qiqihar Medical University Qiqihar China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Science Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing China
| | - Huanwei Liu
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Science Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing China
| | - Siyao Zhou
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Science Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing China
| | - Dongyu Ge
- Research and Test Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing China
| | - Ruijuan Dong
- Research and Test Center, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing China
| | - Leiming You
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Science Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing China
| | - Yu Hao
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, School of Life Science Beijing University of Chinese Medicine Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
CRISPR-Cas9 mediated knockout of AnxA6 gene enhances influenza A virus replication in low-permissive HEK293FT cell line. Gene 2022; 809:146024. [PMID: 34673207 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.146024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2021] [Revised: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Using cell cultures of human origin for the propagation of influenza virus is an attractive way to preserve its glycosylation profile and antigenic properties, which is essential in influenza surveillance and vaccine production. However, only few cell lines are highly permissive to influenza virus, and none of them are of human origin. The barrier might be associated with host restriction factors inhibiting influenza growth, such as AnxA6 protein counteracting the process of influenza virion packaging. In the presented work we explore the CRISPR-Cas9 mediated knockout of ANXA6 gene as a way to overcome the host restriction barrier and increase the susceptibility of human cell line to influenza infection. By CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing we modified HEK293FT cells and obtained several clones defective in the ANXA6 gene. The replication of the influenza A virus in original HEK293FT cells and the HEK293FT-ANXA6-/- mutant cells was compared in growth curve experiments. By combination of methods including TCID assay and flow cytometry we showed that accumulation of influenza A virus in the mutant HEK293FT-ANXA6-/- cells significantly exceeded the virus titer in the original HEK293FT cells.
Collapse
|
4
|
Laske T, Bachmann M, Dostert M, Karlas A, Wirth D, Frensing T, Meyer TF, Hauser H, Reichl U. Model-based analysis of influenza A virus replication in genetically engineered cell lines elucidates the impact of host cell factors on key kinetic parameters of virus growth. PLoS Comput Biol 2019; 15:e1006944. [PMID: 30973879 PMCID: PMC6478349 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1006944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The best measure to limit spread of contagious diseases caused by influenza A viruses (IAVs) is annual vaccination. The growing global demand for low-cost vaccines requires the establishment of high-yield production processes. One possible option to address this challenge is the engineering of novel vaccine producer cell lines by manipulating gene expression of host cell factors relevant for virus replication. To support detailed characterization of engineered cell lines, we fitted an ordinary differential equation (ODE)-based model of intracellular IAV replication previously established by our group to experimental data obtained from infection studies in human A549 cells. Model predictions indicate that steps of viral RNA synthesis, their regulation and particle assembly and virus budding are promising targets for cell line engineering. The importance of these steps was confirmed in four of five single gene overexpression cell lines (SGOs) that showed small, but reproducible changes in early dynamics of RNA synthesis and virus release. Model-based analysis suggests, however, that overexpression of the selected host cell factors negatively influences specific RNA synthesis rates. Still, virus yield was rescued by an increase in the virus release rate. Based on parameter estimations obtained for SGOs, we predicted that there is a potential benefit associated with overexpressing multiple host cell genes in one cell line, which was validated experimentally. Overall, this model-based study on IAV replication in engineered cell lines provides a step forward in the dynamic and quantitative characterization of IAV-host cell interactions. Furthermore, it suggests targets for gene editing and indicates that overexpression of multiple host cell factors may be beneficial for the design of novel producer cell lines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Laske
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Mandy Bachmann
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Melanie Dostert
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Karlas
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dagmar Wirth
- Research Group Model Systems for Infection and Immunity, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
- Division of Experimental Hematology, Medical University Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | - Timo Frensing
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas F. Meyer
- Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hansjörg Hauser
- Department of Gene Regulation and Differentiation, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Udo Reichl
- Department of Bioprocess Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Magdeburg, Germany
- Chair of Bioprocess Engineering, Faculty of Process and Systems Engineering, Otto von Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Marques M, Ramos B, Soares AR, Ribeiro D. Cellular Proteostasis During Influenza A Virus Infection-Friend or Foe? Cells 2019; 8:cells8030228. [PMID: 30857287 PMCID: PMC6468813 DOI: 10.3390/cells8030228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2019] [Revised: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to efficiently replicate, viruses require precise interactions with host components and often hijack the host cellular machinery for their own benefit. Several mechanisms involved in protein synthesis and processing are strongly affected and manipulated by viral infections. A better understanding of the interplay between viruses and their host-cell machinery will likely contribute to the development of novel antiviral strategies. Here, we discuss the current knowledge on the interactions between influenza A virus (IAV), the causative agent for most of the annual respiratory epidemics in humans, and the host cellular proteostasis machinery during infection. We focus on the manipulative capacity of this virus to usurp the cellular protein processing mechanisms and further review the protein quality control mechanisms in the cytosol and in the endoplasmic reticulum that are affected by this virus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Marques
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED) and Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Bruno Ramos
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED) and Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Ana Raquel Soares
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED) and Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Daniela Ribeiro
- Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED) and Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hirose R, Daidoji T, Naito Y, Watanabe Y, Arai Y, Oda T, Konishi H, Yamawaki M, Itoh Y, Nakaya T. Long-term detection of seasonal influenza RNA in faeces and intestine. Clin Microbiol Infect 2016; 22:813.e1-813.e7. [PMID: 27424942 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2016.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Some cases of seasonal influenza virus (human influenza A virus (IAV)/human influenza B virus (IBV)) are associated with abdominal symptoms. Although virus RNA has been detected in faeces, intestinal infection has not been clearly demonstrated. We aimed to provide evidence that IAV/IBV infects the human intestine. This prospective observational study measured virus RNA in faecal and sputum samples from 22 patients infected with IAV/IBV (19 IAV positive and three IBV positive). Nineteen patients were included in the analysis and were assigned to faecal IAV-positive and -negative groups. Virus kinetics were examined in faecal samples from an IAV-infected patient (patient 1) and an IBV-infected patient (patient 2). Finally, intestinal tissue from an IAV-diagnosed patient who developed haemorrhagic colitis and underwent colonoscopy was examined for the presence of replicating IAV (patient 3). Virus RNA was detected in faecal samples from 8/22 IAV/IBV-infected patients (36.4%). Diarrhoea occurred significantly more often in the faecal IAV-positive group (p 0.002). In patients 1 and 2, virus RNA became undetectable in sputum on days 7 and 10 after infection, respectively, but was detected in faeces for a further 2 weeks. Virus mRNA and antigens were detected in intestinal tissues (mucosal epithelium of the sigmoid colon) from patient 3. These findings suggest that IAV/IBV infects within the intestinal tract; thus, the human intestine may be an additional target organ for IAV/IBV infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Hirose
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Daidoji
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Y Naito
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Watanabe
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Arai
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan; Department of Viral Infection, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - T Oda
- Department of Gastroenterology and General Medicine, Reimeikai Kitade Hospital, Wakayama, Japan
| | - H Konishi
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - M Yamawaki
- Department of Medical Education and General Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Y Itoh
- Department of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - T Nakaya
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Genzel Y, Reichl U. Continuous cell lines as a production system for influenza vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 8:1681-92. [DOI: 10.1586/erv.09.128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
|
8
|
Pietrantoni A, Ammendolia MG, Superti F. Bovine lactoferrin: involvement of metal saturation and carbohydrates in the inhibition of influenza virus infection. Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 90:442-8. [PMID: 22332831 DOI: 10.1139/o11-072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza is a highly contagious, acute respiratory illness, which represents one of the main plagues worldwide. Even though some antiviral drugs are available, the alarming increase of virus strains resistant to them highlights the need to find new antiviral compounds. As we have recently demonstrated that bovine lactoferrin (bLf) prevents influenza virus-induced apoptosis, in the present wor,k we have attempted to investigate in depth the mechanism of the anti-influenza virus effect of this protein. To this aim, experiments have been carried out whereby different forms of bLf were added to the cells during different phases of viral infection. Results obtained showed that bLf was able to prevent influenza virus cytopathic effects when incubated with the cells after the adsorption step, independently from ion saturation or carbohydrate content. Moreover, the influence of iron saturations or sialic acid/carbohydrates removal on bLf activity on the early phases of infection has been observed. Our results provide further insights on the antiviral activity of bLf and suggest novel strategies for treatment of influenza virus infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agostina Pietrantoni
- Ultrastructural Infectious Pathology Section, Department of Technology and Health, National Institute of Health, Viale Regina Elena, 299, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Seitz C, Isken B, Heynisch B, Rettkowski M, Frensing T, Reichl U. Trypsin promotes efficient influenza vaccine production in MDCK cells by interfering with the antiviral host response. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 93:601-11. [PMID: 21915610 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3569-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2011] [Revised: 08/12/2011] [Accepted: 08/29/2011] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Trypsin is commonly used in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cell culture-based influenza vaccine production to facilitate virus infection by proteolytic activation of viral haemagglutinin, which enables multi-cycle replication. In this study, we were able to demonstrate that trypsin also interferes with pathogen defence mechanisms of host cells. In particular, a trypsin concentration of 5 BAEE U/mL (4.5 μg/mL porcine trypsin) used in vaccine manufacturing strongly inhibited interferon (IFN) signalling by proteolytic degradation of secreted IFN. Consequently, absence of trypsin during infection resulted in a considerably stronger induction of IFN signalling and apoptosis, which significantly reduced virus yields. Under this condition, multi-cycle virus replication in MDCK cells was not prevented but clearly delayed. Therefore, incomplete infection can be ruled out as the reason for the lower virus titres. However, suppression of IFN signalling by overexpression of viral IFN antagonists (influenza virus PR8-NS1, rabies virus phosphoprotein) partially rescued virus titres in the absence of trypsin. In addition, virus yields could be almost restored by using the influenza strain A/WSN/33 in combination with fetal calf serum (FCS). For this strain, FCS enabled trypsin-independent fast propagation of virus infection, probably outrunning cellular defence mechanisms and apoptosis induction in the absence of trypsin. Overall, addition of trypsin provided optimal conditions for high yield vaccine production in MDCK cells by two means. On the one hand, proteolytic degradation of IFN keeps cellular defence at a low level. On the other hand, enhanced virus spreading enables viruses to replicate before the cellular response becomes fully activated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudius Seitz
- Bioprocess Engineering, Max Planck Institute for Dynamics of Complex Technical Systems, Sandtorstr. 1, 39106, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Frensing T, Seitz C, Heynisch B, Patzina C, Kochs G, Reichl U. Efficient influenza B virus propagation due to deficient interferon-induced antiviral activity in MDCK cells. Vaccine 2011; 29:7125-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
11
|
Roberson EC, Tully JE, Guala AS, Reiss JN, Godburn KE, Pociask DA, Alcorn JF, Riches DWH, Dienz O, Janssen-Heininger YMW, Anathy V. Influenza induces endoplasmic reticulum stress, caspase-12-dependent apoptosis, and c-Jun N-terminal kinase-mediated transforming growth factor-β release in lung epithelial cells. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2011; 46:573-81. [PMID: 21799120 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2010-0460oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) infection is known to induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, Fas-dependent apoptosis, and TGF-β production in a variety of cells. However, the relationship between these events in murine primary tracheal epithelial cells (MTECS), which are considered one of the primary sites of IAV infection and replication, is unclear. We show that IAV infection induced ER stress marker activating transcription factor-6 and endoplasmic reticulum protein 57-kD (ERp57), but not C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). In contrast, the ER stress inducer thapsigargin (THP) increased CHOP. IAV infection activated caspases and apoptosis, independently of Fas and caspase-8, in MTECs. Instead, apoptosis was mediated by caspase-12. A decrease in ERp57 attenuated the IAV burden and decreased caspase-12 activation and apoptosis in epithelial cells. TGF-β production was enhanced in IAV-infected MTECs, compared with THP or staurosporine. IAV infection caused the activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). Furthermore, IAV-induced TGF-β production required the presence of JNK1, a finding that suggests a role for JNK1 in IAV-induced epithelial injury and subsequent TGF-β production. These novel findings suggest a potential mechanistic role for a distinct ER stress response induced by IAV, and a profibrogenic/repair response in contrast to other pharmacological inducers of ER stress. These responses may also have a potential role in acute lung injury, fibroproliferative acute respiratory distress syndrome, and the recently identified H1N1 influenza-induced exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (Wedzicha JA. Proc Am Thorac Soc 2004;1:115-120) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (Umeda Y, et al. Int Med 2010;49:2333-2336).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elle C Roberson
- Department of Pathology, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Cecil CE, Davis JM, Cech NB, Laster SM. Inhibition of H1N1 influenza A virus growth and induction of inflammatory mediators by the isoquinoline alkaloid berberine and extracts of goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis). Int Immunopharmacol 2011; 11:1706-14. [PMID: 21683808 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2011.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2011] [Revised: 06/01/2011] [Accepted: 06/02/2011] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study we tested whether the isoquinoline alkaloid berberine can inhibit the growth of influenza A. Our experiments showed strong inhibition of the growth of H1N1 influenza A strains PR/8/34 or WS/33 in RAW 264.7 macrophage-like cells, A549 human lung epithelial-derived cells and murine bone marrow derived macrophages, but not MDCK canine kidney cells. Studies of the mechanism underlying this effect suggest that berberine acts post-translationally to inhibit virus protein trafficking/maturation which in turn inhibits virus growth. Berberine was also evaluated for its ability to inhibit production of TNF-α and PGE(2) from A/PR/8/34 infected-RAW 264.7 cells. Our studies revealed strong inhibition of production of both mediators and suggest that this effect is distinct from the anti-viral effect. Finally, we asked whether berberine-containing ethanol extracts of goldenseal also inhibit the growth of influenza A and production of inflammatory mediators. We found strong effectiveness at high concentrations, although upon dilution extracts were somewhat less effective than purified berberine. Taken together, our results suggest that berberine may indeed be useful for the treatment of infections with influenza A.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chad E Cecil
- Department of Microbiology, 4514 Thomas Hall, North Carolina State University, Raleigh NC 27695, United States
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Development of two types of rapid diagnostic test kits to detect the hemagglutinin or nucleoprotein of the swine-origin pandemic influenza A virus H1N1. CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY : CVI 2011; 18:494-9. [PMID: 21228147 DOI: 10.1128/cvi.00269-10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Since its emergence in April 2009, pandemic influenza A virus H1N1 (H1N1 pdm), a new type of influenza A virus with a triple-reassortant genome, has spread throughout the world. Initial attempts to diagnose the infection in patients using immunochromatography (IC) relied on test kits developed for seasonal influenza A and B viruses, many of which proved significantly less sensitive to H1N1 pdm. Here, we prepared monoclonal antibodies that react with H1N1 pdm but not seasonal influenza A (H1N1 and H3N2) or B viruses. Using two of these antibodies, one recognizing viral hemagglutinin (HA) and the other recognizing nucleoprotein (NP), we developed kits for the specific detection of H1N1 pdm and tested them using clinical specimens of nasal wash fluid or nasopharyngeal fluid from patients with influenza-like illnesses. The specificities of both IC test kits were very high (93% for the HA kit, 100% for the NP kit). The test sensitivities for detection of H1N1 pdm were 85.5% with the anti-NP antibody, 49.4% with the anti-HA antibody, and 79.5% with a commercially available influenza A virus detection assay. Use of the anti-NP antibody could allow the rapid and accurate diagnosis of H1N1 pdm infections.
Collapse
|
14
|
Kanai Y, Chittaganpitch M, Nakamura I, Li GM, Bai GR, Li YG, Ikuta K, Sawanpanyalert P. Distinct propagation efficiencies of H5N1 influenza virus Thai isolates in newly established murine respiratory region-derived cell clones. Virus Res 2010; 153:218-25. [PMID: 20709117 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2010.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2010] [Revised: 07/31/2010] [Accepted: 08/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Inbred mice have been widely used for the study of influenza viruses as a mammalian model, while suitable cell lines derived from murine tissue have been limited. Here, we established several immortalized cell clones from respiratory regions of inbred mice (C57BL/6 and BALB/c) by transformation using simian virus 40 large T antigen expression vector. Twenty-five cell clones from C57/BL and BALB/c, designated as MRDC/C and MRDC/B series, respectively, showed different susceptibility to Thai isolates of influenza A virus H5N1. Two murine cell clones, C6 and B7 which were extensively studied expressed both SAα2,3 and SAα2,6 sialic acid receptors. Interestingly, the 6 Thai patient-derived H5N1 isolates examined showed varied virus propagation efficiency in murine cell clones, although there were only slight differences in their propagation in MDCK and A549 cell lines. The results indicate that the murine cell clones are useful for examining the propagation efficiency of H5N1 viruses in vitro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Kanai
- Section of Viral Infections, Thailand-Japan Research Collaboration Center on Emerging and Re-emerging Infections (RCC-ERI), Nonthaburi, Thailand. ,
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus induces extracellular Ca2+ influx, leading to apoptosis in avian cells. J Virol 2010; 84:3068-78. [PMID: 20053741 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01923-09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we show that the highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza virus (AIV) (A/crow/Kyoto/53/04 and A/chicken/Egypt/CL6/07) induced apoptosis in duck embryonic fibroblasts (DEF). In contrast, apoptosis was reduced among cells infected with low-pathogenic AIVs (A/duck/HK/342/78 [H5N2], A/duck/HK/820/80 [H5N3], A/wigeon/Osaka/1/01 [H7N7], and A/turkey/Wisconsin/1/66 [H9N2]). Thus, we investigated the molecular mechanisms of apoptosis induced by H5N1-AIV infection. Caspase-dependent and -independent pathways contributed to the cytopathic effects. We further showed that, in the induction of apoptosis, the hemagglutinin of H5N1-AIV played a major role and its cleavage sequence was not critical. We also observed outer membrane permeabilization and loss of the transmembrane potential of the mitochondria of infected DEF, indicating that mitochondrial dysfunction was caused by the H5N1-AIV infection. We then analyzed Ca(2+) dynamics in the infected cells and demonstrated an increase in the concentration of Ca(2+) in the cytosol ([Ca(2+)](i)) and mitochondria ([Ca(2+)](m)) after H5N1-AIV infection. Regardless, gene expression important for regulating Ca(2+) efflux from the endoplasmic reticulum did not significantly change after H5N1-AIV infection. These results suggest that extracellular Ca(2+) may enter H5N1-AIV-infected cells. Indeed, EGTA, which chelates extracellular free Ca(2+), significantly reduced the [Ca(2+)](i), [Ca(2+)](m), and apoptosis induced by H5N1-AIV infection. In conclusion, we identified a novel mechanism for influenza A virus-mediated cell death, which involved the acceleration of extracellular Ca(2+) influx, leading to mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis. These findings may be useful for understanding the pathogenesis of H5N1-AIV in avian species as well as the impact of Ca(2+) homeostasis on influenza A virus infection.
Collapse
|
16
|
Li OTW, Chan MCW, Leung CSW, Chan RWY, Guan Y, Nicholls JM, Poon LLM. Full factorial analysis of mammalian and avian influenza polymerase subunits suggests a role of an efficient polymerase for virus adaptation. PLoS One 2009; 4:e5658. [PMID: 19462010 PMCID: PMC2680953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0005658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2009] [Accepted: 04/16/2009] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Amongst all the internal gene segments (PB2. PB1, PA, NP, M and NS), the avian PB1 segment is the only one which was reassorted into the human H2N2 and H3N2 pandemic strains. This suggests that the reassortment of polymerase subunit genes between mammalian and avian influenza viruses might play roles for interspecies transmission. To test this hypothesis, we tested the compatibility between PB2, PB1, PA and NP derived from a H5N1 virus and a mammalian H1N1 virus. All 16 possible combinations of avian-mammalian chimeric viral ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs) were characterized. We showed that recombinant vRNPs with a mammalian PB2 and an avian PB1 had the strongest polymerase activities in human cells at all studied temperature. In addition, viruses with this specific PB2-PB1 combination could grow efficiently in cell cultures, especially at a high incubation temperature. These viruses were potent inducers of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines in primary human macrophages and pneumocytes. Viruses with this specific PB2-PB1 combination were also found to be more capable to generate adaptive mutations under a new selection pressure. These results suggested that the viral polymerase activity might be relevant for the genesis of influenza viruses of human health concern.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olive T. W. Li
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Michael C. W. Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Cynthia S. W. Leung
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Renee W. Y. Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yi Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - John M. Nicholls
- Department of Pathology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Leo L. M. Poon
- State Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Sakudo A, Baba K, Tsukamoto M, Sugimoto A, Okada T, Kobayashi T, Kawashita N, Takagi T, Ikuta K. Anionic polymer, poly(methyl vinyl ether–maleic anhydride)-coated beads-based capture of human influenza A and B virus. Bioorg Med Chem 2009; 17:752-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2008.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2008] [Revised: 11/14/2008] [Accepted: 11/15/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
18
|
Du A, Daidoji T, Koma T, Ibrahim MS, Nakamura S, de Silva UC, Ueda M, Yang CS, Yasunaga T, Ikuta K, Nakaya T. Detection of circulating Asian H5N1 viruses by a newly established monoclonal antibody. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2008; 378:197-202. [PMID: 19010309 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2008.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2008] [Accepted: 11/05/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against the recently emerged Asian H5N1 virus (A/crow/Kyoto/53/2004) were generated. From five anti-hemagglutinin (HA) MAbs, four antibodies (3C11, 4C12, 3H12, and 3H4) broadly in vitro recognized and neutralized H5 subtypes, including H5N1. By contrast, the 4G6 MAb specifically reacted with H5N1-HA and not with H5N2- or H5N3-HAs from previous epidemics. The 4G6 MAb was useful for immunofluorescence assays but not for immunoblotting, suggesting that this antibody recognizes a conformational epitope of the H5N1-HA protein. An intensive epitope-mapping analysis demonstrated that the 4G6 MAb recognizes Asp59, which is highly conserved among currently circulating H5N1 lineages. Further, a 4G6-based antigen capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detected H5N1 even that derived from clade 2.2 (A/chicken/Egypt/CL-61/2007) from infected chicken lung before virus isolation. Taken together, these results suggest that the established MAbs, especially 4G6, are useful for rapid and specific detection of Asian H5N1 viruses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anariwa Du
- International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
H5N1 avian influenza virus induces apoptotic cell death in mammalian airway epithelial cells. J Virol 2008; 82:11294-307. [PMID: 18787012 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01192-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, the highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 has raised serious worldwide concern about an influenza pandemic; however, the biology of H5N1 pathogenesis is largely unknown. To elucidate the mechanism of H5N1 pathogenesis, we prepared primary airway epithelial cells from alveolar tissues from 1-year-old pigs and measured the growth kinetics of three avian H5 influenza viruses (A/Crow/Kyoto/53/2004 [H5N1], A/Duck/Hong Kong/342/78 [H5N2], and A/Duck/Hong Kong/820/80 [H5N3]), the resultant cytopathicity, and possible associated mechanisms. H5N1, but not the other H5 viruses, strongly induced cell death in porcine alveolar epithelial cells (pAEpC), although all three viruses induced similar degrees of cytopathicity in chicken embryonic fibroblasts. Intracellular viral growth and the production of progeny viruses were comparable in pAEpC infected with each H5 virus. In contrast, terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling-positive cells were detected only in H5N1-infected pAEpC, and the activities of caspases 3, 8, and 9 were significantly elevated in pAEpC infected with H5N1, but not with H5N2 and H5N3. These results suggest that only H5N1 induces apoptosis in pAEpC. H5N1 cytopathicity was inhibited by adding the caspase inhibitor z-VAD-FMK; however, there were no significant differences in viral growth or release of progeny viruses. Further investigations using reverse genetics demonstrated that H5N1 hemagglutinin protein plays a critical role in inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis in infected pAEpC. H5N1-specific cytopathicity was also observed in human primary airway epithelial cells. Taken together, these data suggest that avian H5N1 influenza virus leads to substantial cell death in mammalian airway epithelial cells due to the induction of apoptosis.
Collapse
|