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Sigaeva A, Li R, van Laar JJ, Wierenga L, Schirhagl R. Timing and Mechanisms of Nanodiamond Uptake in Colon Cancer Cells. Nanotechnol Sci Appl 2024; 17:147-166. [PMID: 39081854 PMCID: PMC11287467 DOI: 10.2147/nsa.s464075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction As nanodiamonds become more and more widely used for intracellular labelling and measurements, the task of delivering these nanoparticles inside cells becomes more and more important. Certain cell types easily take up nanodiamonds, while others require special procedures. Methods In previous research, we found that HT-29 cells (a colon cancer cell line), which are notoriously difficult in the context of nanodiamond internalization, show increased uptake rates, when pre-treated with trypsin- ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (trypsin-EDTA). However, the uptake mechanism has not been studied before. This article focuses on a more detailed investigation of the reasons underlying this phenomenon. We start by identifying the timing of fluorescent nanodiamond (FND) uptake in trypsin-EDTA pre-treated cells. We then use a combination of chemical inhibitors and Immunocytochemistry to identify the main pathways employed by HT-29 cells in the internalization process. Results and Discussion We investigate how these pathways are affected by the trypsin-EDTA pre-treatment and conclude by offering possible explanations for this phenomenon. We found that nanodiamonds are internalized via different pathways. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis proves to be the dominating mechanism. Trypsin-EDTA treatment increases particle uptake and affects the uptake mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Sigaeva
- Department of Biomaterials and Biotechnology, Groningen University, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Runrun Li
- Department of Biomaterials and Biotechnology, Groningen University, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Jelle van Laar
- Department of Biomaterials and Biotechnology, Groningen University, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Leon Wierenga
- Department of Biomaterials and Biotechnology, Groningen University, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Romana Schirhagl
- Department of Biomaterials and Biotechnology, Groningen University, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Polycaprolactone Nanoparticles as Promising Candidates for Nanocarriers in Novel Nanomedicines. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020191. [PMID: 33535563 PMCID: PMC7912766 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
An investigation of the interactions between bio-polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) and the RAW 264.7 mouse murine macrophage cell line has been presented. The cell viability, immunological response, and endocytosis efficiency of NPs were studied. Biopolymeric NPs were synthesized from a nanoemulsion using the phase inversion composition (PIC) technique. The two types of biopolymeric NPs that were obtained consisted of a biocompatible polymer, polycaprolactone (PCL), either with or without its copolymer with poly(ethylene glycol) (PCL-b-PEG). Both types of synthesized PCL NPs passed the first in vitro quality assessments as potential drug nanocarriers. Non-pegylated PCL NPs were internalized more effectively and the clathrin-mediated pathway was involved in that process. The investigated NPs did not affect the viability of the cells and did not elicit an immune response in the RAW 264.7 cells (neither a significant increase in the expression of genes encoding pro-inflammatory cytokines nor NO (nitric oxide) production were observed). It may be concluded that the synthesized NPs are promising candidates as nanocarriers of therapeutic compounds.
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Liu X, Zheng S, Qin Y, Ding W, Tu Y, Chen X, Wu Y, Yanhua L, Cai X. Experimental Evaluation of the Transport Mechanisms of PoIFN-α in Caco-2 Cells. Front Pharmacol 2017; 8:781. [PMID: 29163167 PMCID: PMC5681924 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
For the development of an efficient intestinal delivery system for Porcine interferon-α (PoIFN-α), the understanding of transport mechanisms of which in the intestinal cell is essential. In this study, we investigated the absorption mechanisms of PoIFN-α in intestine cells. Caco-2 cells and fluorescein isothiocyanate-labeled (FITC)-PoIFN-α were used to explore the whole transport process, including endocytosis, intracellular trafficking, exocytosis, and transcytosis. Via various techniques, the transport pathways of PoIFN-α in Caco-2 cells and the mechanisms were clarified. Firstly, the endocytosis of PoIFN-α by Caco-2 cells was time, concentration and temperature dependence. And the lipid raft/caveolae endocytosis was the most likely endocytic pathway for PoIFN-α. Secondly, both Golgi apparatus and lysosome were involved in the intracellular trafficking of PoIFN-α. Thirdly, the treatment of indomethacin resulted in a significant decrease of exocytosis of PoIFN-α, indicating the participation of cyclooxygenase. Finally, to evaluate the efficiency of PoIFN-α transport, the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) value was measured to investigate the tight junctional integrity of the cell monolayers. The fluorescence microscope results revealed that the transport of PoIFN-α across the Caco-2 cell monolayers was restricted. In conclusion, this study depicts a probable picture of PoIFN-α transport in Caco-2 cells characterized by non-specificity, partial energy-dependency and low transcytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, China
| | - Sidi Zheng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, China
| | - Yue Qin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, China
| | - Wenya Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, China
| | - Yabin Tu
- Harbin Veterinary Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xingru Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, China
| | - Yunzhou Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, China
| | - Li Yanhua
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Harbin, China
| | - Xuehui Cai
- Harbin Veterinary Institute of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin, China
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The transport mechanism of integrin αvβ3 receptor targeting nanoparticles in Caco-2 cells. Int J Pharm 2016; 500:42-53. [PMID: 26784984 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
As for the existence of epithelium barrier, accelerating the transport remains huge challenges for orally delivered protein and peptide drugs into blood circulation. Modifying nanopaticles (NPs) with targeting peptides can enhance the intestinal absorption of loaded macromolecular drugs. However, the transport process, which mainly means how the NPs pass through the apical membrane and the basolateral side and then enter into blood circulation, is needed comprehensive investigation. In this study, we systemically studied the transport mechanisms in Caco-2 cell model of trimethyl chitosan based NPs (TMC NPs) before and after modification of FQS, an integrin αvβ3 receptor targeting peptide. Our results showed FQS peptide mediated multiple endocytosis pathways and could activate integrin αvβ3 receptor by interacting with FAK and Src-family kinases to induce receptor-mediated endocytosis of the NPs. Then, both endocytosed NPs could transport from early endosome to lysososmes via late endosomes/lysosome pathway, as well as to recycling endosomes and Golgi apparatus through early endosome/recycling endosomes and Golgi apparatus/recycling endosomes/plasma membrane pathways, respectively. After FQS peptide modification, the endocytosis subpathways of NPs have been changed, and more pathways are involved in exocytosis process for FQS-modified NPs compared with non-modified NPs. Our study indicated the ligand modification could enhance the uptake and transport by altering some pathways in whole transport process of NPs.
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Kamide Y, Ishizuka T, Tobo M, Tsurumaki H, Aoki H, Mogi C, Nakakura T, Yatomi M, Ono A, Koga Y, Sato K, Hisada T, Dobashi K, Yamada M, Okajima F. Acidic environment augments FcεRI-mediated production of IL-6 and IL-13 in mast cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2015. [PMID: 26196745 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2015.07.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Although blood pH is maintained in a narrow range of around pH 7.4 in living organisms, inflammatory loci are characterized by acidic conditions. Mast cells tend to reside close to the surface of the body in areas such as the mucosa and skin where they may be exposed to exogenous acids, and they play an important role in immune responses. However, little is known about the effects of extracellular acidification on the functions of mast cell. Here, we found that extracellular acidification increased the dinitrophenyl-conjugated human serum albumin (DNP-HSA)-induced production of interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-13 in MC/9 cells or bone marrow-derived mouse mast cells sensitized with anti-DNP IgE. Extracellular acidification also inhibited migration of MC/9 cells toward DNP-HSA. In addition, acidic pH stimulated antigen-induced activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and protein kinase B (Akt). These findings suggest that extracellular acidification augmented antigen/IgE-induced and FcεRI-mediated production of IL-6 and IL-13 in mast cells, and that this was associated with the enhancement of p38 MAPK and Akt activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yosuke Kamide
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan; Clinical Research Center for Allergy and Rheumatology, Sagamihara National Hospital, Sagamihara, Japan.
| | - Tamotsu Ishizuka
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Masayuki Tobo
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Tsurumaki
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan; Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Haruka Aoki
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Chihiro Mogi
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakakura
- Department of Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masakiyo Yatomi
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Akihiro Ono
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Koga
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Koichi Sato
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Takeshi Hisada
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Kunio Dobashi
- Gunma University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Masanobu Yamada
- Department of Medicine and Molecular Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi, Japan
| | - Fumikazu Okajima
- Laboratory of Signal Transduction, Institute for Molecular and Cellular Regulation, Gunma University, Maebashi, Japan
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Role of cytoskeleton network in anisosmotic volume changes of intact and permeabilized A549 cells. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1848:2337-43. [PMID: 26171817 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Recently we found that cytoplasm of permeabilized mammalian cells behaves as a hydrogel displaying intrinsic osmosensitivity. This study examined the role of microfilaments and microtubules in the regulation of hydrogel osmosensitivity, volume-sensitive ion transporters, and their contribution to volume modulation of intact cells. We found that intact and digitonin-permeabilized A549 cells displayed similar rate of shrinkage triggered by hyperosmotic medium. It was significantly slowed-down in both cell preparations after disruption of actin microfilaments by cytochalasin B, suggesting that rapid water release by intact cytoplasmic hydrogel contributes to hyperosmotic shrinkage. In hyposmotic swelling experiments, disruption of microtubules by vinblastine attenuated the maximal amplitude of swelling in intact cells and completely abolished it in permeabilized cells. The swelling of intact cells also triggered ~10-fold elevation of furosemide-resistant (86)Rb+ (K+) permeability and the regulatory volume decrease (RVD), both of which were abolished by Ba2+. Interestingly, RVD and K+ permeability remained unaffected in cytocholasin/vinblastine treated cells demonstrating that cytoskeleton disruption has no direct impact on Ba2+-sensitive K+-channels involved in RVD. Our results show, for the first time, that the cytoskeleton network contributes directly to passive cell volume adjustments in anisosmotic media via the modulation of the water retained by the cytoplasmic hydrogel.
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Łukasiewicz S, Szczepanowicz K, Błasiak E, Dziedzicka-Wasylewska M. Biocompatible Polymeric Nanoparticles as Promising Candidates for Drug Delivery. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:6415-6425. [PMID: 26013473 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b01226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The use of polymeric nanoparticles (NPs) in pharmacology provides many benefits because this approach can increase the efficacy and selectivity of active compounds. However, development of new nanocarriers requires better understanding of the interactions between NPs and the immune system, allowing for the optimization of NP properties for effective drug delivery. Therefore, in the present study, we focused on the investigation of the interactions between biocompatible polymeric NPs and a murine macrophage cell line (RAW 264.7) and a human monocytic leukemia cell line (THP-1). NPs based on a liquid core with polyelectrolyte shells were prepared by sequential adsorption of polyelectrolytes (LbL) using AOT (docusate sodium salt) as the emulsifier and the biocompatible polyelectrolytes polyanion PGA (poly-l-glutamic acid sodium salt) and polycation PLL (poly l-lysine). The average size of the obtained NPs was 80 nm. Pegylated external layers were prepared using PGA-g-PEG (PGA grafted by PEG poly(ethylene glycol)). The influence of the physicochemical properties of the NPs (charge, size, surface modification) on viability, phagocytosis potential, and endocytosis was studied. Internalization of NPs was determined by flow cytometry and confocal microscopy. Moreover, we evaluated whether addition of PEG chains downregulates particle uptake by phagocytic cells. The presented results confirm that the obtained PEG-grafted NPs are promising candidates for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Łukasiewicz
- †Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Błasiak
- †Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marta Dziedzicka-Wasylewska
- †Department of Physical Biochemistry, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland
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Zhang J, Zhu X, Jin Y, Shan W, Huang Y. Mechanism Study of Cellular Uptake and Tight Junction Opening Mediated by Goblet Cell-Specific Trimethyl Chitosan Nanoparticles. Mol Pharm 2014; 11:1520-32. [PMID: 24673570 DOI: 10.1021/mp400685v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting
and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School
of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin
Road, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Xi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting
and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School
of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin
Road, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yun Jin
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting
and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School
of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin
Road, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Wei Shan
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting
and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School
of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin
Road, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting
and Drug Delivery System, Ministry of Education, West China School
of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, No. 17, Block 3, Southern Renmin
Road, Chengdu 610041, P. R. China
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Madonna R, De Caterina R. Sodium-hydrogen exchangers (NHE) in human cardiovascular diseases: interfering strategies and their therapeutic applications. Vascul Pharmacol 2013; 59:127-30. [PMID: 24140414 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2013.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/06/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Sodium-hydrogen exchangers (NHE) are among the main regulators of cell volume and intracellular concentration of hydrogen and sodium ions. By indirectly affecting sodium/calcium exchange across the plasma membrane, NHE can also influence the intracellular concentration of calcium. Excess activation of NHE or inappropriate sodium extrusion due to failure of ATP-dependent Na(+)/K(+) transport system can be deleterious during cardiac or peripheral organ ischemia. Besides being responsible for the regulation of intracellular pH and sodium-calcium inward currents, NHE isoform 1 (NHE-1), which is predominantly expressed in the cardiovascular system, influences the tone of the vessel wall in response to a variety of stimuli, including hypertonic stress. Because of the extensive involvement of NHE-1 in cardiac myocyte contracture and necrosis, stunning, reperfusion arrhythmias, as well as hypertension and myocardial diseases such as diabetic cardiomyopathy, efforts have been made in developing inhibitors of this transporter. We here review the biology and regulation of NHE, focusing on current knowledge of the role of NHE-1 as a potential target in the development of novel compounds that could play a role in cardiovascular homeostasis, both in physiological and pathological conditions.
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Sasahara T, Yayama K, Okamoto H. p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Mediates Hyperosmolarity-Induced Vasoconstriction through Myosin Light Chain Phosphorylation and Actin Polymerization in Rat Aorta. Biol Pharm Bull 2013; 36:1849-56. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b13-00563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Sasahara
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Katsutoshi Yayama
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
| | - Hiroshi Okamoto
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Kobe Gakuin University
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