1
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Understanding the Stokes shift and nonlinear optical behavior of 1-nitro-2-phenylethane: A sequential Monte Carlo/Quantum Mechanics discussion. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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2
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Ordoñez ME, Borges VS, Souza AC, Ferreira LR, Costa FM, Melo FP, Vale JK, Borges RS. Molecular modifications on β-nitro-styrene derivatives increase their antioxidant capacities. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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3
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da Trindade RCS, Xavier JKAM, Setzer WN, Maia JGS, da Silva JKR. Chemical Diversity and Therapeutic Effects of Essential Oils of Aniba Species from the Amazon: A Review. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10091854. [PMID: 34579388 PMCID: PMC8468065 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Lauraceae families have great diversity in the world’s tropical regions and are represented mainly by aromatic shrubs and trees with significant production of essential oils (EOs). This work presents a review of the EO chemical profiles from specimens of Aniba, including their seasonal variations, geographical distributions, and biological activities in the Amazon biome. Based on the survey, 15 species were reviewed, representing 167 oil samples extracted from leaves, twig barks, and woods. Brazilian Amazon was the most representative geographic area in the number of specimens, highlighting the locations Belém, (Pará state, PA) (3 spp., 37 samples), Santarém (PA) (3 spp., 10 samples), Carajás (PA) (3 spp., 7 samples), and Manaus (Amazonas state, AM) (3 spp., 16 samples). The main compound classes identified in oils were benzenoids and phenylpropanoids, represented by 1-nitro-2-phenylethane, benzyl salicylate, benzyl benzoate and methyleugenol, along with terpenoids, especially monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes, such as linalool, α-phellandrene, β-phellandrene, β-selinene, and spathulenol. The EOs from Aniba showed considerable variation in the chemical profiles according to season and collection site. The hierarchical cluster analysis classified the samples into two main groups according to chemical composition. This review highlights its comprehensive and up-to-date information on history, conservation, traditional uses, chemosystematics, pharmacological potential of Aniba species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafaela C. S. da Trindade
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-900, Brazil;
| | - Júlia Karla A. M. Xavier
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-900, Brazil; (J.K.A.M.X.); (J.G.S.M.)
| | - William N. Setzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Alabama in Huntsville, Huntsville, AL 35899, USA;
- Aromatic Plant Research Center, 230 N 1200 E, Suite 102, Lehi, UT 84043, USA
| | - José Guilherme S. Maia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-900, Brazil; (J.K.A.M.X.); (J.G.S.M.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Maranhão, São Luís 65080-805, Brazil
| | - Joyce Kelly R. da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-900, Brazil;
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém 66075-900, Brazil; (J.K.A.M.X.); (J.G.S.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-91-3201-7297
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4
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Gonzaga-Costa K, Vasconcelos-Silva AA, Rodrigues-Silva MJ, Rebouça CDSM, Duarte GP, Borges RS, Magalhães PJC, Lahlou S. Soluble guanylate cyclase stimulator, trans-4-methoxy-β-nitrostyrene, has a beneficial effect in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary arterial hypertension in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 897:173948. [PMID: 33609564 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.173948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC)/GMPc pathway plays an important role in controlling pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We investigated whether the novel sGC stimulator trans-4-methoxy-β-nitrostyrene (T4MN), ameliorates monocrotaline (MCT)-induced PAH. At Day 0, rats were injected with MCT (60 mg/kg, s. c.). Control (CNT) rats received an equal volume of monocrotaline vehicle only (s.c.). Four weeks later, MCT-treated rats were orally treated for 14 days with T4MN (75 mg/kg/day) (MCT-T4MN group) or its vehicle (MCT-V group), and with sildenafil (SIL; 50 mg/kg) (MCT-SIL group). Compared to the CNT group, MCT treatment induced a significant increase in both the Fulton index and RV systolic pressure but significantly reduced the maximum relaxation induced by acetylcholine. Indeed, MCT treatment increased the wall thickness of small and larger pulmonary arterioles. Oral treatment with T4MN and SIL reduced the Fulton index and RV systolic pressure compared to the MCT-V group. Maximum relaxation induced by acetylcholine was significantly enhanced in MCT-SIL group. Both T4MN and SIL significantly reduced the enhanced wall thickness of small and larger pulmonary arterioles. Treatment with T4MN has a beneficial effect on PAH by reducing RV systolic pressure and consequently right ventricular hypertrophy, and by reducing pulmonary artery remodeling. T4MN may represent a new therapeutic or complementary approach for the treatment of PAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karoline Gonzaga-Costa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Glória Pinto Duarte
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Saad Lahlou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, CE, Brazil.
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5
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Arruda‐Barbosa L, Vasconcelos‐Silva AA, Borges RS, Duarte GP, Magalhães PJC, Lahlou S. Vasodilatory action of
trans
‐4‐methoxy‐β‐nitrostyrene in rat isolated pulmonary artery. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 48:717-725. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Loeste Arruda‐Barbosa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology School of Medicine Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
| | | | | | - Gloria Pinto Duarte
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil
| | | | - Saad Lahlou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology School of Medicine Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
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6
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Sousa‐Brito HL, Arruda‐Barbosa L, Vasconcelos‐Silva AA, Gonzaga‐Costa K, Duarte GP, Borges RS, Magalhães PJC, Lahlou S. Vasorelaxant effect of trans‐4‐chloro‐β‐nitrostyrene, a synthetic nitroderivative, in rat thoracic aorta. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2020; 35:331-340. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Loeste Arruda‐Barbosa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology School of Medicine Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
| | | | - Karoline Gonzaga‐Costa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology School of Medicine Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
| | - Gloria Pinto Duarte
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Federal University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil
| | | | | | - Saad Lahlou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology School of Medicine Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
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7
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Alves-Santos TR, Silva OA, Moreira HS, Borges RS, Duarte GP, Magalhães PJC, Lahlou S. Cardiovascular Effects of Trans-4-Methoxy-β-Nitrostyrene in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats: Comparison With Its Parent Drug β-Nitrostyrene. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:1407. [PMID: 31849663 PMCID: PMC6895251 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.01407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that trans-4-methoxy-β-nitrostyrene (T4MN) evoked higher vasorelaxant effects in small resistance arteries from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) in comparison with its parent drug, the β-nitrostyrene 1-nitro-2-phenylethene (NPe). To further our knowledge of the influence of insertion of an electron-releasing group such as methoxy in the aromatic ring of NPe, we investigated the cardiovascular responses to intravenous (i.v.) injection of T4MN in SHRs and compared with those of NPe. In anesthetized SHRs, i.v. treatment with T4MN (0.03–0.5 mg/kg) and NPe (0.03–3 mg/kg) induced dose-dependent bradycardia and hypotension, which were biphasic (named phases 1 and 2). Magnitude of these responses was significantly higher for T4MN compared with NPe. Phase 1 cardiovascular responses to both T4MN (0.3 mg/kg) and NPe (3 mg/kg) were prevented by cervical bivagotomy or perineural treatment of both cervical vagus nerves with capsaicin, but was unchanged by i.v. pretreatment with capsazepine or ondansetron. After injection into the left ventricle, NPe and T4MN no longer evoked phase 1 responses. In conscious SHRs, NPe (3 mg/kg, i.v.), and T4MN (0.3 mg/kg, i.v.) evoked monophasic hypotensive and bradycardiac effects which were suppressed by i.v. pretreatment with methylatropine. It is concluded that i.v. administration of NPe and T4MN in SHRs induced a vago-vagal hypotensive and bradycardic reflex that did not involve the activation of vanilloid TRPV1 or 5-HT3 receptors located on vagal pulmonary sensory nerves. With respect to its parent drug, T4MN was more potent in inducing this reflex. Phase 2 hypotensive response to i.v. NPe and T4MN seems partially resulting from a direct vasodilatory action. It seems that insertion of a methoxy group into the aromatic ring stabilized NPe, which in turn increases its cardiovascular effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Odair Alves Silva
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Hicla Stefany Moreira
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | | | - Gloria Pinto Duarte
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil
| | - Pedro Jorges Caldas Magalhães
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| | - Saad Lahlou
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Department of Physiology, Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
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8
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Mechanisms underlying the vasorelaxant effect of trans-4-methoxy-β-nitrostyrene in the rat mesenteric resistance arteries. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 853:201-209. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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9
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Vasconcelos TB, Ribeiro‐Filho HV, Carvalho EF, Brito TS, Lahlou S, Magalhães PJC. Endothelium‐dependent and endothelium‐independent effects of 1‐nitro‐2‐propylbenzene on rat aorta. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2019; 33:612-620. [DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Saad Lahlou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Federal University of Ceará Fortaleza Brazil
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10
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Stimulation of pulmonary vagal C-fibers by trans-4-methyl-β-nitrostyrene induces bradycardiac and depressor reflex in rats: Role of vanilloid TRPV 1 receptors. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 849:154-159. [PMID: 30716310 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.01.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we showed that the synthetic nitroderivative trans-4-methyl-β-nitrostyrene (T4MeN) induced vasorelaxant effects in rat isolated aortic rings. Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the cardiovascular effects of T4MeN in normotensive rats. In pentobarbital-anesthetized rats, intravenous (i.v.) injection of T4MeN (0.03-0.5 mg/kg) induced a rapid (onset time of 1-2 s) and dose-dependent bradycardia and hypotension. These cardiovascular responses to T4MeN were abolished by bilateral cervical vagotomy or selective blockade of neural conduction of vagal C-fiber afferents by perineural treatment of both cervical vagus nerves with capsaicin. Hypotension and bradycardia were also recorded when T4MeN was directly injected in the right, but not into the left ventricle. Furthermore, they were significantly reduced by i.v. pretreatment with capsazepine but remained unaltered by ondansetron or suramin. In conscious rats, the dose-dependent hypotension and bradycardia evoked by T4MeN were abolished by i.v. methylatropine pretreatment. In conclusion, bradycardiac and depressor responses induced by T4MeN has a vago-vagal reflex origin resulting from the vagal pulmonary afferents stimulation. The transduction mechanism seems to involve the activation of vanilloid TRPV1, but not purinergic (P2X) or 5-HT3 receptors located on vagal pulmonary sensory nerves.
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11
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Vasodilator effects and putative guanylyl cyclase stimulation by 2-nitro-1-phenylethanone and 2-nitro-2-phenyl-propane-1,3-diol on rat aorta. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 830:105-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.04.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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12
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Wang ZJ, Heinbockel T. Essential Oils and Their Constituents Targeting the GABAergic System and Sodium Channels as Treatment of Neurological Diseases. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23051061. [PMID: 29724056 PMCID: PMC6099651 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Essential oils and the constituents in them exhibit different pharmacological activities, such as antinociceptive, anxiolytic-like, and anticonvulsant effects. They are widely applied as a complementary therapy for people with anxiety, insomnia, convulsion, pain, and cognitive deficit symptoms through inhalation, oral administration, and aromatherapy. Recent studies show that essential oils are emerging as a promising source for modulation of the GABAergic system and sodium ion channels. This review summarizes the recent findings regarding the pharmacological properties of essential oils and compounds from the oils and the mechanisms underlying their effects. Specifically, the review focuses on the essential oils and their constituents targeting the GABAergic system and sodium channels, and their antinociceptive, anxiolytic, and anticonvulsant properties. Some constituents target transient receptor potential (TRP) channels to exert analgesic effects. Some components could interact with multiple therapeutic target proteins, for example, inhibit the function of sodium channels and, at the same time, activate GABAA receptors. The review concentrates on perspective compounds that could be better candidates for new drug development in the control of pain and anxiety syndromes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Jun Wang
- Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, 520 W Str., NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA.
| | - Thomas Heinbockel
- Department of Anatomy, Howard University College of Medicine, 520 W Str., NW, Washington, DC 20059, USA.
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13
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Sugimoto MA, de Jesus Amazonas da Silva M, Froede Brito L, Dos Santos Borges R, Amaral FA, de Araujo Boleti AP, Ordoñez ME, Carlos Tavares J, Pires Sousa L, Lima ES. Anti-Inflammatory Potential of 1-Nitro-2-Phenylethylene. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22111977. [PMID: 29140265 PMCID: PMC6150367 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a reaction of the host to infectious or sterile stimuli and has the physiological purpose of restoring tissue homeostasis. However, uncontrolled or unresolved inflammation can lead to tissue damage, giving rise to a plethora of chronic inflammatory diseases, including metabolic syndrome and autoimmunity pathologies with eventual loss of organ function. Beta-nitrostyrene and its derivatives are known to have several biological activities, including anti-edema, vasorelaxant, antiplatelet, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer. However, few studies have been carried out regarding the anti-inflammatory effects of this class of compounds. Thereby, the aim of this study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of 1-nitro-2-phenylethene (NPe) using in vitro and in vivo assays. Firstly, the potential anti-inflammatory activity of NPe was evaluated by measuring TNF-α produced by human macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). NPe at non-toxic doses opposed the inflammatory effects induced by LPS stimulation, namely production of the inflammatory cytokine TNF-α and activation of NF-κB and ERK pathways (evaluated by phosphorylation of inhibitor of kappa B-alpha [IκB-α] and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 [ERK1/2], respectively). In a well-established model of acute pleurisy, pretreatment of LPS-challenged mice with NPe reduced neutrophil accumulation in the pleural cavity. This anti-inflammatory effect was associated with reduced activation of NF-κB and ERK1/2 pathways in NPe treated mice as compared to untreated animals. Notably, NPe was as effective as dexamethasone in both, reducing neutrophil accumulation and inhibiting ERK1/2 and IκB-α phosphorylation. Taken together, the results suggest a potential anti-inflammatory activity for NPe via inhibition of ERK1/2 and NF-κB pathways on leukocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Sugimoto
- Laboratory of Inflammation Signaling, Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil.
| | - Márcia de Jesus Amazonas da Silva
- Laboratory of Biological Activity, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil.
| | - Larissa Froede Brito
- Laboratory of Inflammation Signaling, Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil.
| | - Rosivaldo Dos Santos Borges
- Nucleus of Studies and Selection of Bioactive Molecules, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil.
| | - Flávio Almeida Amaral
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula de Araujo Boleti
- Nucleus of Studies and Selection of Bioactive Molecules, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil.
| | - Maritza Echevarria Ordoñez
- Nucleus of Studies and Selection of Bioactive Molecules, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil.
| | - Jose Carlos Tavares
- Laboratory of Research in Drugs, Department of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of Amapá, Macapá 68903-419, AP, Brazil.
| | - Lirlandia Pires Sousa
- Laboratory of Inflammation Signaling, Department of Clinical Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-901, MG, Brazil.
| | - Emerson Silva Lima
- Laboratory of Biological Activity, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil.
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Trans-4-methoxy-β-nitrostyrene relaxes rat thoracic aorta through a sGC-dependent pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 807:182-189. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Teófilo TM, Arruda-Barbosa L, Rodrigues-Silva JM, Vale JKL, Borges RS, Duarte GP, Magalhães PJC, Lahlou S. Mechanism of the vasorelaxant effect induced by trans-4-methyl-β-nitrostyrene, a synthetic nitroderivative, in rat thoracic aorta. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2017; 44:787-794. [DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.12771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Taylena Maria Teófilo
- School of Medicine; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza CE Brazil
| | - Loeste Arruda-Barbosa
- School of Medicine; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza CE Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Gloria Pinto Duarte
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Federal University of Pernambuco; Recife PE Brazil
| | | | - Saad Lahlou
- School of Medicine; Department of Physiology and Pharmacology; Federal University of Ceará; Fortaleza CE Brazil
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Cardiovascular Effects of the Essential Oil of Croton argyrophylloides in Normotensive Rats: Role of the Autonomic Nervous System. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2016; 2016:4106502. [PMID: 27956919 PMCID: PMC5124457 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4106502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular effects of the essential oil of Croton argyrophylloides Muell. Arg. (EOCA) were investigated in normotensive rats. In saline-pretreated anesthetized or conscious rats, intravenous (i.v.) injection of the EOCA induced dose-dependent hypotension. Dose-dependent tachycardia was observed only in conscious rats. In anesthetized rats, cervical bivagotomy failed to enhance EOCA-induced hypotension but unmasked significant bradycardia. In conscious rats, i.v. pretreatment with methylatropine, but not with atenolol or L-NAME, reduced both hypotensive and tachycardiac responses to EOCA. However, hexamethonium pretreatment reverted the EOCA-induced tachycardia into significant bradycardia without affecting the hypotension. In aortic ring preparations precontracted with phenylephrine, EOCA induced a concentration-dependent relaxation that was significantly reduced by vascular endothelium removal and pretreatment with atropine, indomethacin, or glibenclamide but remained unaffected by pretreatment with L-NAME or TEA. It is concluded that i.v. treatment with EOAC decreased blood pressure probably through an active vascular relaxation rather than withdrawal of sympathetic tone. Muscarinic receptor stimulation, liberation of the endothelium-derived prostacyclin, and opening KATP channels are partially involved in the aortic relaxation induced by EOCA and in turn in the mediation of EOCA-induced hypotension. EOCA-induced tachycardia in conscious rats appears to be mediated reflexly through inhibition of vagal drive to the heart.
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