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Husková Z, Kikerlová S, Miklovič M, Kala P, Papoušek F, Neckář J. Inappropriate activation of the renin-angiotensin system improves cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats with late angiotensin II-dependent hypertension. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1151308. [PMID: 37389123 PMCID: PMC10301744 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1151308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to clarify the role of the interplay between hypertension and the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the pathophysiology of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We hypothesized that in the late phase of hypertension with already developed signs of end-organ damage, inappropriate RAS activation could impair cardiac tolerance to I/R injury. Experiments were performed in male Cyp1a1-Ren-2 transgenic rats with inducible hypertension. The early phase of ANG II-dependent hypertension was induced by 5 days and the late phase by the 13 days dietary indole-3-carbinol (I3C) administration. Noninduced rats served as controls. Echocardiography and pressure-volume analysis were performed, angiotensins' levels were measured and cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion injury was studied. The infarct size was significantly reduced (by 50%) in 13 days I3C-induced hypertensive rats with marked cardiac hypertrophy, this reduction was abolished by losartan treatment. In the late phase of hypertension there are indications of a failing heart, mainly in reduced preload recruitable stroke work (PRSW), but only nonsignificant trends in worsening of some other parameters, showing that the myocardium is in a compensated phase. The influence of the RAS depends on the balance between the vasoconstrictive and the opposed vasodilatory axis. In the initial stage of hypertension, the vasodilatory axis of the RAS prevails, and with the development of hypertension the vasoconstrictive axis of the RAS becomes stronger. We observed a clear effect of AT1 receptor blockade on maximum pressure in left ventricle, cardiac hypertrophy and ANG II levels. In conclusion, we confirmed improved cardiac tolerance to I/R injury in hypertensive hypertrophied rats and showed that, in the late phase of hypertension, the myocardium is in a compensated phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Husková
- Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Soňa Kikerlová
- Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Matúš Miklovič
- Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Pathophysiology, 2nd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petr Kala
- Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
- Department of Cardiology, 2nd Medical Faculty, Charles University and University Hospital Motol, Prague, Czechia
| | - František Papoušek
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (ASCR), Prague, Czechia
| | - Jan Neckář
- Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (ASCR), Prague, Czechia
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Baranowska I, Gawrys O, Walkowska A, Olszynski KH, Červenka L, Falck JR, Adebesin AM, Imig JD, Kompanowska-Jezierska E. Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid Analog and 20-HETE Antagonist Combination Prevent Hypertension Development in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:798642. [PMID: 35111064 PMCID: PMC8802114 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.798642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies indicate a significant role for cytochrome P-450-dependent arachidonic acid metabolites in blood pressure regulation, vascular tone, and control of renal function. Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) exhibit a spectrum of beneficial effects, such as vasodilatory activity and anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, and anti-apoptotic properties. 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) is a potent vasoconstrictor that inhibits sodium reabsorption in the kidney. In the present study, the efficiency of EET-A (a stable analog of 14,15-EET) alone and combined with AAA, a novel receptor antagonist of 20-HETE, was tested in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Adult SHR (16 weeks old) were treated with two doses of EET-A (10 or 40 mg/kg/day). In the following experiments, we also tested selected substances in the prevention of hypertension development in young SHR (6 weeks old). Young rats were treated with EET-A or the combination of EET-A and AAA (both at 10 mg/kg/day). The substances were administered in drinking water for 4 weeks. Blood pressure was measured by telemetry. Once-a-week observation in metabolic cages was performed; urine, blood, and tissue samples were collected for further analysis. The combined treatment with AAA + EET-A exhibited antihypertensive efficiency in young SHR, which remained normotensive until the end of the observation in comparison to a control group (systolic blood pressure, 134 ± 2 versus 156 ± 5 mmHg, respectively; p < 0.05). Moreover the combined treatment also increased the nitric oxide metabolite excretion. Considering the beneficial impact of the combined treatment with EET-A and AAA in young rats and our previous positive results in adult SHR, we suggest that it is a promising therapeutic strategy not only for the treatment but also for the prevention of hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Baranowska
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland.,Department of Immunology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Olga Gawrys
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland.,Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Agnieszka Walkowska
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof H Olszynski
- Behavior and Metabolism Research Laboratory, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Luděk Červenka
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - John R Falck
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Adeniyi M Adebesin
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - John D Imig
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Elżbieta Kompanowska-Jezierska
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
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3
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Husková Z, Kikerlová S, Sadowski J, Alánová P, Sedláková L, Papoušek F, Neckář J. Increased Endogenous Activity of the Renin-Angiotensin System Reduces Infarct Size in the Rats with Early Angiotensin II-dependent Hypertension which Survive the Acute Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:679060. [PMID: 34122103 PMCID: PMC8193500 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.679060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the role of the interaction between hypertension and the renin-angiotensin system in the pathophysiology of myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury. We hypothesized that in the early phase of angiotensin II (ANG II)-dependent hypertension with developed left ventricular hypertrophy, cardioprotective mechanism(s) are fully activated. The experiments were performed in transgenic rats with inducible hypertension, noninduced rats served as controls. The early phase of ANG II-dependent hypertension was induced by five-days (5 days) dietary indole-3-carbinol administration. Cardiac hypertrophy, ANG II and ANG 1-7 levels, protein expression of their receptors and enzymes were determined. Separate groups were subjected to acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury, and infarct size and ventricular arrhythmias were assessed. Induced rats developed marked cardiac hypertrophy accompanied by elevated ANG levels. Ischemia/reperfusion mortality was significantly higher in induced than noninduced rats (52.1 and 25%, respectively). The blockade of AT1 receptors with losartan significantly increased survival rate in both groups. Myocardial infarct size was significantly reduced after 5 days induction (by 11%), without changes after losartan treatment. In conclusion, we confirmed improved cardiac tolerance to ischemia/reperfusion injury in hypertensive cardiohypertrophied rats and found that activation of AT1 receptors by locally produced ANG II in the heart was not the mechanism underlying infarct size reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Husková
- Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Soňa Kikerlová
- Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Janusz Sadowski
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Petra Alánová
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Lenka Sedláková
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - František Papoušek
- Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jan Neckář
- Center of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia.,Laboratory of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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Two pharmacological epoxyeicosatrienoic acid-enhancing therapies are effectively antihypertensive and reduce the severity of ischemic arrhythmias in rats with angiotensin II-dependent hypertension. J Hypertens 2019; 36:1326-1341. [PMID: 29570510 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We examined the effects of treatment with soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitor (sEHi) and epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) analogue (EET-A), given alone or combined, on blood pressure (BP) and ischemia/reperfusion myocardial injury in rats with angiotensin II (ANG II)-dependent hypertension. METHODS Ren-2 transgenic rats (TGR) were used as a model of ANG II-dependent hypertension and Hannover Sprague-Dawley rats served as controls. Rats were treated for 14 days with sEHi or EET-A and BP was measured by radiotelemetry. Albuminuria, cardiac hypertrophy and concentrations of ANG II and EETs were determined. Separate groups were subjected to acute myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury and the infarct size and ventricular arrhythmias were determined. RESULTS Treatment of TGR with sEHi and EET-A, given alone or combined, decreased BP to a similar degree, reduced albuminuria and cardiac hypertrophy to similar extent; only treatment regimens including sEHi increased myocardial and renal tissue concentrations of EETs. sEHi and EET-A, given alone or combined, suppressed kidney ANG II levels in TGR. Remarkably, infarct size did not significantly differ between TGR and Hannover Sprague-Dawley rats, but the incidence of ischemia-induced ventricular fibrillations was higher in TGR. Application of sEHi and EET-A given alone and combined sEHi and EET-A treatment were all equally effective in reducing life-threatening ventricular fibrillation in TGR. CONCLUSION The findings indicate that chronic treatment with either sEHi or EET-A exerts distinct antihypertensive and antiarrhythmic actions in our ANG II-dependent model of hypertension whereas combined administration of sEHi and EET-A does not provide additive antihypertensive or cardioprotective effects.
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Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid analog EET-B attenuates post-myocardial infarction remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Clin Sci (Lond) 2019; 133:939-951. [PMID: 30979784 PMCID: PMC6492034 DOI: 10.1042/cs20180728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and their synthetic analogs have cardiovascular protective effects. Here, we investigated the action of a novel EET analog EET-B on the progression of post-myocardial infarction (MI) heart failure in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Adult male SHR were divided into vehicle- and EET-B (10 mg/kg/day; p.o., 9 weeks)-treated groups. After 2 weeks of treatment, rats were subjected to 30-min left coronary artery occlusion or sham operation. Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and echocardiography (ECHO) measurements were performed at the beginning of study, 4 days before, and 7 weeks after MI. At the end of the study, tissue samples were collected for histological and biochemical analyses. We demonstrated that EET-B treatment did not affect blood pressure and cardiac parameters in SHR prior to MI. Fractional shortening (FS) was decreased to 18.4 ± 1.0% in vehicle-treated MI rats compared with corresponding sham (30.6 ± 1.0%) 7 weeks following MI induction. In infarcted SHR hearts, EET-B treatment improved FS (23.7 ± 0.7%), markedly increased heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) immunopositivity in cardiomyocytes and reduced cardiac inflammation and fibrosis (by 13 and 19%, respectively). In conclusion, these findings suggest that EET analog EET-B has beneficial therapeutic actions to reduce cardiac remodeling in SHR subjected to MI.
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Hrdlička J, Neckář J, Papoušek F, Husková Z, Kikerlová S, Vaňourková Z, Vernerová Z, Akat F, Vašinová J, Hammock BD, Hwang SH, Imig JD, Falck JR, Červenka L, Kolář F. Epoxyeicosatrienoic Acid-Based Therapy Attenuates the Progression of Postischemic Heart Failure in Normotensive Sprague-Dawley but Not in Hypertensive Ren-2 Transgenic Rats. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:159. [PMID: 30881303 PMCID: PMC6406051 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) and their analogs have been identified as potent antihypertensive compounds with cardio- and renoprotective actions. Here, we examined the effect of EET-A, an orally active EET analog, and c-AUCB, an inhibitor of the EETs degrading enzyme soluble epoxide hydrolase, on the progression of post-myocardial infarction (MI) heart failure (HF) in normotensive Hannover Sprague-Dawley (HanSD) and in heterozygous Ren-2 transgenic rats (TGR) with angiotensin II-dependent hypertension. Adult male rats (12 weeks old) were subjected to 60-min left anterior descending (LAD) coronary artery occlusion or sham (non-MI) operation. Animals were treated with EET-A and c-AUCB (10 and 1 mg/kg/day, respectively) in drinking water, given alone or combined for 5 weeks starting 24 h after MI induction. Left ventricle (LV) function and geometry were assessed by echocardiography before MI and during the progression of HF. At the end of the study, LV function was determined by catheterization and tissue samples were collected. Ischemic mortality due to the incidence of sustained ventricular fibrillation was significantly higher in TGR than in HanSD rats (35.4 and 17.7%, respectively). MI-induced HF markedly increased LV end-diastolic pressure (Ped) and reduced fractional shortening (FS) and the peak rate of pressure development [+(dP/dt)max] in untreated HanSD compared to sham (non-MI) group [Ped: 30.5 ± 3.3 vs. 9.7 ± 1.3 mmHg; FS: 11.1 ± 1.0 vs. 40.8 ± 0.5%; +(dP/dt)max: 3890 ± 291 vs. 5947 ± 309 mmHg/s]. EET-A and c-AUCB, given alone, tended to improve LV function parameters in HanSD rats. Their combination amplified the cardioprotective effect of single therapy and reached significant differences compared to untreated HanSD controls [Ped: 19.4 ± 2.2 mmHg; FS: 14.9 ± 1.0%; +(dP/dt)max: 5278 ± 255 mmHg/s]. In TGR, MI resulted in the impairment of LV function like HanSD rats. All treatments reduced the increased level of albuminuria in TGR compared to untreated MI group, but neither single nor combined EET-based therapy improved LV function. Our results indicate that EET-based therapy attenuates the progression of post-MI HF in HanSD, but not in TGR, even though they exhibited renoprotective action in TGR hypertensive rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaroslav Hrdlička
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jan Neckář
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - František Papoušek
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Zuzana Husková
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Soňa Kikerlová
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Zdenka Vaňourková
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Zdenka Vernerová
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Firat Akat
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Jana Vašinová
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Sung Hee Hwang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - John D Imig
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - John R Falck
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Luděk Červenka
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - František Kolář
- Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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Vacková Š, Kopkan L, Kikerlová S, Husková Z, Sadowski J, Kompanowska-Jezierska E, Hammock BD, Imig JD, Táborský M, Melenovský V, Červenka L. Pharmacological Blockade of Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Attenuates the Progression of Congestive Heart Failure Combined With Chronic Kidney Disease: Insights From Studies With Fawn-Hooded Hypertensive Rats. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:18. [PMID: 30728778 PMCID: PMC6351500 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
An association between congestive heart failure (CHF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) results in extremely poor patient survival rates. Previous studies have shown that increasing kidney epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) by blocking soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH), an enzyme responsible for EETs degradation, improves the survival rate in CHF induced by aorto-caval fistula (ACF) and attenuates CKD progression. This prompted us to examine if sEH inhibitor treatment would improve the outcome if both experimental conditions are combined. Fawn-hooded hypertensive (FHH) rats, a genetic model showing early CKD development was employed, and CHF was induced by ACF. Treatment with an sEH inhibitor was initiated 4 weeks after ACF creation, in FHH and in fawn-hooded low-pressure (FHL) rats, a control strain without renal damage. The follow-up period was 20 weeks. We found that ACF FHH rats exhibited substantially lower survival rates (all the animals died by week 14) as compared with the 64% survival rate observed in ACF FHL rats. The former group showed pronounced albuminuria (almost 30-fold higher than in FHL) and reduced intrarenal EET concentrations. The sEH inhibitor treatment improved survival rate and distinctly reduced increases in albuminuria in ACF FHH and in ACF FHL rats, however, all the beneficial actions were more pronounced in the hypertensive strain. These data indicate that pharmacological blockade of sEH could be a novel therapeutic approach for the treatment of CHF, particularly under conditions when it is associated with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Šárka Vacková
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Libor Kopkan
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Soňa Kikerlová
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Zuzana Husková
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Janusz Sadowski
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Elzbieta Kompanowska-Jezierska
- Department of Renal and Body Fluid Physiology, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology, UCD Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - John D Imig
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, United States
| | - Miloš Táborský
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital Olomouc, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Vojtěch Melenovský
- Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Luděk Červenka
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Pathophysiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
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Neckář J, Hsu A, Hye Khan MA, Gross GJ, Nithipatikom K, Cyprová M, Benák D, Hlaváčková M, Sotáková-Kašparová D, Falck JR, Sedmera D, Kolář F, Imig JD. Infarct size-limiting effect of epoxyeicosatrienoic acid analog EET-B is mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor-1α via downregulation of prolyl hydroxylase 3. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 315:H1148-H1158. [PMID: 30074840 PMCID: PMC6734065 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00726.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) decrease cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury; however, the mechanism of their protective effect remains elusive. Here, we investigated the cardioprotective action of a novel EET analog, EET-B, in reperfusion and the role of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α in such action of EET-B. Adult male rats were subjected to 30 min of left coronary artery occlusion followed by 2 h of reperfusion. Administration of 14,15-EET (2.5 mg/kg) or EET-B (2.5 mg/kg) 5 min before reperfusion reduced infarct size expressed as a percentage of the area at risk from 64.3 ± 1.3% in control to 42.6 ± 1.9% and 46.0 ± 1.6%, respectively, and their coadministration did not provide any stronger effect. The 14,15-EET antagonist 14,15-epoxyeicosa-5( Z)-enoic acid (2.5 mg/kg) inhibited the infarct size-limiting effect of EET-B (62.5 ± 1.1%). Similarly, the HIF-1α inhibitors 2-methoxyestradiol (2.5 mg/kg) and acriflavine (2 mg/kg) completely abolished the cardioprotective effect of EET-B. In a separate set of experiments, the immunoreactivity of HIF-1α and its degrading enzyme prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 3 (PHD3) were analyzed in the ischemic areas and nonischemic septa. At the end of ischemia, the HIF-1α immunogenic signal markedly increased in the ischemic area compared with the septum (10.31 ± 0.78% vs. 0.34 ± 0.08%). After 20 min and 2 h of reperfusion, HIF-1α immunoreactivity decreased to 2.40 ± 0.48% and 1.85 ± 0.43%, respectively, in the controls. EET-B blunted the decrease of HIF-1α immunoreactivity (7.80 ± 0.69% and 6.44 ± 1.37%, respectively) and significantly reduced PHD3 immunogenic signal in ischemic tissue after reperfusion. In conclusion, EET-B provides an infarct size-limiting effect at reperfusion that is mediated by HIF-1α and downregulation of its degrading enzyme PHD3. NEW & NOTEWORTHY The present study shows that EET-B is an effective agonistic 14,15-epoxyeicosatrienoic acid analog, and its administration before reperfusion markedly reduced myocardial infarction in rats. Most importantly, we demonstrate that increased hypoxia-inducible factor-1α levels play a role in cardioprotection mediated by EET-B in reperfusion likely by mechanisms including downregulation of the hypoxia-inducible factor -1α-degrading enzyme prolyl hydroxylase domain protein 3.
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MESH Headings
- 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid/analogs & derivatives
- 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid/pharmacology
- 8,11,14-Eicosatrienoic Acid/therapeutic use
- Animals
- Disease Models, Animal
- Down-Regulation
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit/metabolism
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Proline Dioxygenases/genetics
- Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-Proline Dioxygenases/metabolism
- Male
- Myocardial Infarction/enzymology
- Myocardial Infarction/pathology
- Myocardial Infarction/physiopathology
- Myocardial Infarction/prevention & control
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/enzymology
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/pathology
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/physiopathology
- Myocardial Reperfusion Injury/prevention & control
- Myocardium/enzymology
- Myocardium/pathology
- Proteolysis
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Signal Transduction/drug effects
- Ventricular Function, Left/drug effects
- Ventricular Remodeling/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Neckář
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin
- Department of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague , Czech Republic
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine Physiology , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Anna Hsu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Md Abdul Hye Khan
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Garrett J Gross
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Kasem Nithipatikom
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Michaela Cyprová
- Department of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Benák
- Department of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Hlaváčková
- Department of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - Dita Sotáková-Kašparová
- Department of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - John R Falck
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center , Dallas, Texas
| | - David Sedmera
- Department of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague , Czech Republic
- Institute of Anatomy, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - František Kolář
- Department of Developmental Cardiology, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences , Prague , Czech Republic
| | - John D Imig
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Medical College of Wisconsin , Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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The Effects of Aqueous Extract from Nardostachys chinensis Batalin on Blood Pressure and Cardiac Hypertrophy in Two-Kidney One-Clip Hypertensive Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:4031950. [PMID: 29234388 PMCID: PMC5660807 DOI: 10.1155/2017/4031950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 08/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aims The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of the aqueous extract of Nardostachys chinensis Batalin (NCBAE) on blood pressure and cardiac hypertrophy using two-kidney one-clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats. Methods 2K1C rat models were set up by clipping the left renal artery. Sham-operated rats underwent the same surgical procedure except for renal arterial clipping. 2K1C hypertensive rats were orally given NCBAE at doses of 210, 420, and 630 mg·kg−1·d−1 for 6 weeks. Twelve weeks after surgery, rat SBP and echocardiographic parameters were measured, cardiac histopathology was assessed, serum NO and LDH were detected, and the expression of Bcl-2 and caspase-3 of left ventricular tissue was assessed by western blot. Results Treatment with NCBAE resulted in a decrease of SBP, LVPWd, LVPWs, IVSd, IVSs, LVW/BW ratio, and cardiomyocyte CSA, an increase of LVEF, and inhibition of 2K1C-induced reduction in serum NO and elevation of LDH compared with 2K1C group. NCBAE intervention also showed a significant increase of Bcl-2 expression and reduction of cleaved caspase-3 level dose-dependently in left ventricular tissue. Conclusion Our data demonstrate that NCBAE has an antihypertensive property and protective effect on 2K1C-induced cardiac hypertrophy especially at the dose of 630 mg·kg−1·d−1.
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Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid analog attenuates the development of malignant hypertension, but does not reverse it once established: a study in Cyp1a1-Ren-2 transgenic rats. J Hypertens 2017; 34:2008-25. [PMID: 27428043 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000001029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We evaluated the therapeutic effectiveness of a new, orally active epoxyeicosatrienoic acid analog (EET-A) in rats with angiotensin II (ANG II)-dependent malignant hypertension. METHODS Malignant hypertension was induced in Cyp1a1-Ren-2 transgenic rats by activation of the renin gene using indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a natural xenobiotic. EET-A treatment was started either simultaneously with I3C induction process (early treatment) or 10 days later during established hypertension (late treatment). Blood pressure (BP) (radiotelemetry), indices of renal and cardiac injury, and plasma and kidney levels of the components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) were determined. RESULTS In I3C-induced hypertensive rats, early EET-A treatment attenuated BP increase (to 175 ± 3 versus 193 ± 4 mmHg, P < 0.05, on day 13), reduced albuminuria (15 ± 1 versus 28 ± 2 mg/24 h, P < 0.05), and cardiac hypertrophy as compared with untreated I3C-induced rats. This was associated with suppression of plasma and kidney ANG II levels (48 ± 6 versus 106 ± 9 and 122 ± 19 versus 346 ± 11 fmol ml or g, respectively, P < 0.05) and increases in plasma and kidney angiotensin (1-7) concentrations (84 ± 9 versus 37 ± 6 and 199 ± 12 versus 68 ± 9 fmol/ml or g, respectively, P < 0.05). Remarkably, late EET-A treatment did not lower BP or improve renal and cardiac injury; indices of RAS activity were not affected. CONCLUSION The new, orally active EET-A attenuated the development of experimental ANG II-dependent malignant hypertension, likely via suppression of the hypertensiogenic axis and augmentation of the vasodilatory/natriuretic axis of RAS.
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Fenofibrate Attenuates Hypertension in Goldblatt Hypertensive Rats: Role of 20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic Acid in the Nonclipped Kidney. Am J Med Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Jíchová Š, Doleželová Š, Kopkan L, Kompanowska-Jezierska E, Sadowski J, Červenka L. Fenofibrate Attenuates Malignant Hypertension by Suppression of the Renin-angiotensin System: A Study in Cyp1a1-Ren-2 Transgenic Rats. Am J Med Sci 2016; 352:618-630. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amjms.2016.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 08/17/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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