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Du X, Shi H, Liu X, Wang Y, Du T, Wang P, Cheng L, Zhu J, Li F. Genetic support for the causal association between 91 circulating inflammatory proteins and atopic dermatitis: A two-sample Mendelian randomization trial. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13872. [PMID: 39081133 PMCID: PMC11289424 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a refractory disease that occurs in clinical practice. One of the most common inflammatory skin diseases, its occurrence and development are related to inflammation. Nevertheless, the precise nature of the relationship between circulating inflammatory proteins and AD remains uncertain. METHODS A two-sample MR analysis was performed to determine the causal relationship between the expression of 91 circulating inflammatory proteins and AD by using genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics data from the FinnGen consortia. The robustness of the MR results was assessed by means of sensitivity analysis. RESULTS The causal relationship between the expression of nine specific circulating inflammatory proteins and AD was corroborated by the inverse variance weighted (IVW) method. The findings indicated that three circulating inflammatory proteins, namely, interleukin-18 receptor 1 [OR (CI) = 1.08 (1.05-1.11); p = 0.000001)], interleukin-8 [OR (CI) = 1.07 (1.00-1.14); p = 0.036244)], and tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 14 [OR (CI) = 1.05 (1.00-1.10); p = 0.036842)], were positively correlated with AD. Additionally, six circulating inflammatory proteins were negatively correlated with AD: the T-cell surface glycoprotein CD5 [OR (CI) = 0.89 (0.84-0.95); p = 0.000191)], macrophage colony-stimulating factor 1 [OR (CI) = 0.93 (0.88-0.99); p = 0.031422)], fractalkine [OR (CI) = 0.91 (0.85-0.97); p = 0.003067)], interleukin-24 [OR (CI) = 0.91 (0.83-0.99); p = 0.031673)], signaling lymphocytic activation molecule [OR(CI) = 0.94 (0.89-1.00); p = 0.039818)], and urokinase-type plasminogen activator [OR(CI) = 0.95 (0.90-1.00); p = 0.037037)]. CONCLUSION This study confirms the potential causal relationship between circulating inflammatory proteins and AD and provides guidance for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinran Du
- Department of DermatologyYueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Hongshuo Shi
- Department of Peripheral Vascular SurgeryShuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of DermatologyYueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of DermatologyYueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Ting Du
- Department of DermatologyYueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Peiyao Wang
- Department of DermatologyYueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Linyan Cheng
- Department of DermatologyYueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Jianyong Zhu
- Clinical Laboratory Medicine CenterYueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
| | - Fulun Li
- Department of DermatologyYueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghaiChina
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Nocerino R, Carucci L, Coppola S, Oglio F, Masino A, Agizza A, Paparo L, Berni Canani R. The journey toward disease modification in cow milk protein allergy. Immunol Rev 2024. [PMID: 39046826 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Cow milk protein allergy (CMPA) is one of the most common food allergies in the pediatric age worldwide. Prevalence, persistence, and severity of this condition are on the rise, with a negative impact on the health-related quality of life of the patients and families and on the costs related to its management. Another relevant issue is that CMPA in early life may be the first stage of the "allergic march," leading to the occurrence of other atopic manifestations later in life, especially asthma, atopic eczema, urticaria, and rhinoconjunctivitis. Thus, "disease modification" options that are able to modulate the disease course of pediatric patients affected by CMPA would be very welcomed by affected families and healthcare systems. In this review, we report the most relevant progress on this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Nocerino
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Carucci
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Serena Coppola
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Franca Oglio
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Masino
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Alessandra Agizza
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorella Paparo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, ASL Benevento, Benevento, Italy
| | - Roberto Berni Canani
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- ImmunoNutritionLab at CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
- European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food-Induced Diseases, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
- Task Force for Microbiome Studies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Xiong J, Ma YJ, Liao XS, Li LQ, Bao L. Gut microbiota in infants with food protein enterocolitis. Pediatr Res 2024:10.1038/s41390-024-03424-9. [PMID: 39033251 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-024-03424-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We explored the effects of two formulas, extensively hydrolyzed formula (EHF) and amino acid-based formula (AAF), on the gut microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in infants with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES). METHODS Fecal samples of thirty infants with bloody diarrhea receiving EHF or AAF feeding were collected at enrollment, diagnosis of FPIES, and four weeks after diagnosis. The gut microbiota and SCFAs were analyzed using 16 S rRNA gene sequencing and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, respectively. RESULTS Microbial diversity of FPIES infants was significantly different from that of the controls. FPIES infants had a significantly lower abundance of Bifidobacterium and a higher level of hexanoic acid compared with controls. In EHF-fed FPIES infants, microbial richness was significantly decreased over time; while the microbial diversity and richness in AAF-fed FPIES infants exhibited no differences at the three time points. By four weeks after diagnosis, EHF-fed FPIES infants contained a decreased abundance of Acinetobacter, whereas AAF-fed FPIES infants contained an increased abundance of Escherichia-Shigella. EHF-fed infants experienced significantly decreased levels of butyric acid and hexanoic acid at four weeks after diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS Infants with FPIES had intestinal dysbiosis and different formulas differentially affected gut microbiota and SCFAs in FPIES infants. IMPACT We firstly report the impacts of two different nutritional milk formulas on the gut microbial composition and SCFAs levels in infants with FPIES. We show that infants with FPIES have obvious intestinal dysbiosis and different formulas differentially affect gut microbiota and SCFAs in FPIES infants. Understanding the effects of different types of formulas on gut microbial colonization and composition, as well as the related metabolites in infants with FPIES could help provide valuable insights for making choices about feeding practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Xiong
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-Jue Ma
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xing-Sheng Liao
- Department of Neonatology, The first People's Hospital of Jiulongpo District, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu-Quan Li
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Lei Bao
- Department of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- China International Science and Technology Cooperation base of Child Development and Critical Disorders, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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Gelsomino M, Liotti L, Barni S, Mori F, Giovannini M, Mastrorilli C, Pecoraro L, Saretta F, Castagnoli R, Arasi S, Klain A, del Giudice MM, Novembre E. Elimination Diets in Lactating Mothers of Infants with Food Allergy. Nutrients 2024; 16:2317. [PMID: 39064760 PMCID: PMC11279873 DOI: 10.3390/nu16142317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Breastfeeding is the most important nutrition source for infants. However, managing breastfed infants with signs and symptoms related to food allergy can be difficult. Many studies have shown the presence of different food allergens in breast milk, but the clinical role of these antigens in human milk is still much debated. Milk is the main suspect in exclusively breastfed infants with signs and symptoms attributable to food allergy, even if other foods may be responsible. This narrative review analyzes the recommendations provided by international guidelines to determine the diagnosis and management of IgE-mediated and non-IgE-mediated food allergies in exclusively breastfed infants. Dietary restrictions in lactating mothers of infants with suspected FA are usually not necessary. Only in the very few cases where significant allergy signs and symptoms occur in the infant during exclusive breastfeeding should the lactating mother follow an elimination diet for the suspected food for a short period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariannita Gelsomino
- Pediatric Allergy Unit, Department of Life Sciences and Public Health, University Foundation Policlinico Gemelli IRCCS, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Lucia Liotti
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Mother and Child Health, Salesi Children’s Hospital, 60123 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Simona Barni
- Allergy Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.B.); (F.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Francesca Mori
- Allergy Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.B.); (F.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Mattia Giovannini
- Allergy Unit, Meyer Children’s Hospital IRCCS, 50139 Florence, Italy; (S.B.); (F.M.); (M.G.)
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy;
| | - Carla Mastrorilli
- Pediatric Hospital Giovanni XXIII, Pediatric and Emergency Department, AOU Policlinic of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy;
| | - Luca Pecoraro
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and Pediatrics, University of Verona, 37126 Verona, Italy;
| | - Francesca Saretta
- Pediatric Department, Latisana-Palmanova Hospital, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale, 33100 Udine, Italy;
| | - Riccardo Castagnoli
- Department of Clinical, Surgical, Diagnostic and Pediatric Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- Pediatric Clinic, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Stefania Arasi
- Translational Research in Pediatric Specialties Area, Division of Allergy, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Angela Klain
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.K.); (M.M.d.G.)
| | - Michele Miraglia del Giudice
- Department of Woman, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy; (A.K.); (M.M.d.G.)
| | - Elio Novembre
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy;
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Venter C, Roth-Walter F, Vassilopoulos E, Hicks A. Dietary management of IgE and non-IgE-mediated food allergies in pediatric patients. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2024; 35:e14100. [PMID: 38451064 DOI: 10.1111/pai.14100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Food allergies (FA) consist of both IgE and non-IgE-mediated entities, with varying phenotypes and overlapping and different considerations for each specific disease presentation. In general, all FAs place children at increased risk for inadequate nutritional intake and negative impacts on their nutritional status, as well as negative impacts on the quality of life for the entire family. To minimize these untoward effects, a multidisciplinary approach should be taken, including consultation and management with a dietitian trained in the varying presentations of FA. Families should be instructed on label reading as a first line of nutritional management. During a nutrition consultation, the age of the child, growth, and nutritional status should be considered. Food refusal should be assessed and addressed. Families should be educated on avoidance and appropriate substitutions. In the case of cow's milk allergy, a suitable specialized formula should be suggested if the infant is not breastfed or if breast milk supply is not sufficient. Other mammalian milk should be avoided and careful consideration should be given before plant-based milk is used in young children. Specific food allergies may differ in terms of advice provided on the level of avoidance required, whether precautionary advisory labels should be avoided, and if a maternal avoidance of the allergen during breastfeeding should be advised. The role of immunonutrition on overall health should be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Venter
- Section of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, USA
| | - Franziska Roth-Walter
- Messerli Research Institute, Department of Interdisciplinary Life Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Emilia Vassilopoulos
- Pediatric Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Allison Hicks
- Section of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Children's Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, USA
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Salvatore S, Folegatti A, Ferrigno C, Pensabene L, Agosti M, D'Auria E. To Diet or Not to Diet This Is the Question in Food-Protein-Induced Allergic Proctocolitis (FPIAP)-A Comprehensive Review of Current Recommendations. Nutrients 2024; 16:589. [PMID: 38474718 DOI: 10.3390/nu16050589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Food-protein-induced allergic proctocolitis (FPIAP) is an increasingly reported transient and benign form of colitis that occurs commonly in the first weeks of life in healthy breastfed or formula-fed infants. Distal colon mucosal inflammation is caused by a non-IgE immune reaction to food allergens, more commonly to cow's milk protein. Rectal bleeding possibly associated with mucus and loose stools is the clinical hallmark of FPIAP. To date, no specific biomarker is available, and investigations are reserved for severe cases. Disappearance of blood in the stool may occur within days or weeks from starting the maternal or infant elimination diet, and tolerance to the food allergen is typically acquired before one year of life in most patients. In some infants, no relapse of bleeding occurs when the presumed offending food is reassumed after a few weeks of the elimination diet. Many guidelines and expert consensus on cow's milk allergy have recently been published. However, the role of diet is still debated, and recommendations on the appropriateness and duration of allergen elimination in FPIAP are heterogeneous. This review summarizes and compares the different proposed nutritional management of infants suffering from FPIAP, highlighting the pros and cons according to the most recent literature data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Salvatore
- Pediatric Department, Hospital "F. Del Ponte", University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Alice Folegatti
- Pediatric Department, Hospital "F. Del Ponte", University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Cristina Ferrigno
- Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
| | - Licia Pensabene
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Massimo Agosti
- Pediatric Department, Hospital "F. Del Ponte", University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy
| | - Enza D'Auria
- Department of Pediatrics, Buzzi Children's Hospital, 20154 Milan, Italy
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Vandenplas Y, Meyer RM, Huysentruyt K. Food allergy: Prevention and treatment of Cow's milk allergy. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 59:9-20. [PMID: 38220412 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Yvan Vandenplas
- Paediatric Gastroenterology, KidZ Health Castle, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Rosan M Meyer
- Imperial College, London, United Kingdom; Winchester University, Winchester, United Kingdom
| | - Koen Huysentruyt
- Paediatric Gastroenterology, KidZ Health Castle, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
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