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Constantin OE, Stoica F, Rațu RN, Stănciuc N, Bahrim GE, Râpeanu G. Bioactive Components, Applications, Extractions, and Health Benefits of Winery By-Products from a Circular Bioeconomy Perspective: A Review. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:100. [PMID: 38247524 PMCID: PMC10812587 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Significant waste streams produced during winemaking include winery by-products such as pomace, skins, leaves, stems, lees, and seeds. These waste by-products were frequently disposed of in the past, causing resource waste and environmental issues. However, interest has risen in valorizing vineyard by-products to tap into their latent potential and turn them into high-value products. Wine industry by-products serve as a potential economic interest, given that they are typically significant natural bioactive sources that may exhibit significant biological properties related to human wellness and health. This review emphasizes the significance of winery by-product valorization as a sustainable management resource and waste management method. The novelty of this review lies in its comprehensive analysis of the potential of winery by-products as a source of bioactive compounds, extraction techniques, health benefits, and applications in various sectors. Chemical components in winery by-products include bioactive substances, antioxidants, dietary fibers, organic acids, and proteins, all of which have important industrial and therapeutic applications. The bioactives from winery by-products act as antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anticancer agents that have proven potential health-promoting effects. Wineries can switch from a linear waste management pattern to a more sustainable and practical method by adopting a circular bioeconomy strategy. Consequently, the recovery of bioactive compounds that function as antioxidants and health-promoting agents could promote various industries concomitant within the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oana Emilia Constantin
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, 800201 Galati, Romania; (O.E.C.); (R.N.R.); (N.S.); (G.E.B.)
| | - Florina Stoica
- Faculty of Agriculture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Life Sciences, 3 Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, 700489 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Roxana Nicoleta Rațu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, 800201 Galati, Romania; (O.E.C.); (R.N.R.); (N.S.); (G.E.B.)
- Faculty of Agriculture, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” University of Life Sciences, 3 Mihail Sadoveanu Alley, 700489 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Nicoleta Stănciuc
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, 800201 Galati, Romania; (O.E.C.); (R.N.R.); (N.S.); (G.E.B.)
| | - Gabriela Elena Bahrim
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, 800201 Galati, Romania; (O.E.C.); (R.N.R.); (N.S.); (G.E.B.)
| | - Gabriela Râpeanu
- Faculty of Food Science and Engineering, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, 111 Domnească Street, 800201 Galati, Romania; (O.E.C.); (R.N.R.); (N.S.); (G.E.B.)
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Baptista SL, Romaní A, Cunha JT, Domingues L. Multi-feedstock biorefinery concept: Valorization of winery wastes by engineered yeast. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 326:116623. [PMID: 36368200 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.116623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The wine industry produces significant amounts of by-products and residues that are not properly managed, posing an environmental problem. Grape must surplus, vine shoots, and wine lees have the potential to be used as renewable resources for the production of energy and chemicals. Metabolic engineering efforts have established Saccharomyces cerevisiae as an efficient microbial cell factory for biorefineries. Current biorefineries designed for producing multiple products often rely on just one feedstock, but the bioeconomy would clearly benefit if these biorefineries could efficiently convert multiple feedstocks. Moreover, to reduce the environmental impact of fossil fuel consumption and maximize production economics, a biorefinery should be capable to supplement the manufacture of biofuel with the production of high-value products. This study proposes an integrated approach for the valorization of diverse wastes resulting from winemaking processes through the biosynthesis of xylitol and ethanol. Using genetically modified S. cerevisiae strains, the xylose-rich hemicellulosic fraction of hydrothermally pretreated vine shoots was converted into xylitol, and the cellulosic fraction was used to produce bioethanol. In addition, grape must, enriched in sugars, was efficiently used as a low-cost source for yeast propagation. The production of xylitol was optimized, in a Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation process configuration, by adjusting the inoculum size and enzyme loading. Furthermore, a yeast strain displaying cellulases in the cell surface was applied for the production of bioethanol from the glucan-rich cellulosic. With the addition of grape must and/or wine lees, high ethanol concentrations were reached, which are crucial for the economic feasibility of distillation. This integrated multi-feedstock valorization provides a synergistic alternative for converting a range of winery wastes and by-products into biofuel and an added-value chemical while decreasing waste released to the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara L Baptista
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Aloia Romaní
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas, 32004, Ourense, Spain
| | - Joana T Cunha
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Lucília Domingues
- CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; LABBELS - Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
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Silveira EO, Felizzola NM, Hickmann EV, Konrad O, Lutterbeck CA, Machado ÊL, Rodrigues LR. Energy recovery by anaerobic digestion of algal biomass from integrated microalgae/constructed wetland wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:13317-13326. [PMID: 36131177 PMCID: PMC9491671 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23019-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The present study evaluated the potential for biogas generation from microalgae (MA) biomass and macrophytes used in vertical flow constructed wetlands (VFCW). The samples were obtained by separation and collection of MA after a hydraulic retention time of 14 days, frozen and taken to the laboratory, while the macrophytes of VFCW were obtained, by pruning, every 6 months. The obtained results presented reductions of 63.22% and 61.18% for COD and BOD5, respectively, and removal efficiencies of 53.91% for TP and 99.98% de N-NH3. Average biogas generation was 2322.51 NmL-gSV-1 with 54.61% CH4 (winter/2019), 4491.47 Nml-gSV-1 with 57.17% CH4 (spring/2019), 680.78 NmL-gSV-1 with 16.04% CH4 (summer/2020), and 681.0 NmL-gSV-1 with 19.86% CH4 (autumn/2020) for MA biomass and generation of biogas of 3826.70 NmL-gSV-1 with 44.26% CH4 for VFCW biomass in winter and spring/2019 and of 829.68 NmL-gSV-1 with 17.06% CH4 in summer and autumn/2020. Regarding electricity generation, the present work obtained 1.50 kWh/m3, therefore reaching similar values to other studies that used more traditional biomass sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizandro Oliveira Silveira
- Laboratory of Ecotechnology and Applied Limnology, Institute of Hydraulic Research - IPH - Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
| | - Nathalia Mendes Felizzola
- Laboratory of Ecotechnology and Applied Limnology, Institute of Hydraulic Research - IPH - Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Eugênia Vargas Hickmann
- Research Center On Energy and Sustainable Technologies - CPETS - University of Vale Do Taquari-UNIVATES, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
| | - Odorico Konrad
- Research Center On Energy and Sustainable Technologies - CPETS - University of Vale Do Taquari-UNIVATES, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
| | - Carlos Alexandre Lutterbeck
- Laboratory of Ecotechnology and Applied Limnology, Institute of Hydraulic Research - IPH - Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Ênio Leandro Machado
- Graduate Program in Environmental Technology, University of Santa Cruz Do Sul - UNISC, Santa Cruz Do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Lúcia Ribeiro Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Ecotechnology and Applied Limnology, Institute of Hydraulic Research - IPH - Federal University of Rio Grande Do Sul - UFRGS, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
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The Existing Recovery Approaches of the Huangjiu Lees and the Future Prospects: A Mini Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9110695. [DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9110695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Huangjiu lees (HL) is a byproduct in Chinese Huangjiu production with various nutrient and biological functional components. Without efficient treatment, it could cause environmental issues and bioresource wasting. Existing dominant recovery approaches focus on large-scale disposal, but they ignore the application of high-value components. This study discusses the advantages and limitations of existing resourcing approaches, such as feed, food and biogas biological production, considering the efficiency and value of HL resourcing. The extraction of functional components as a suggestion for HL cascade utilization is pointed out. This study is expected to promote the application of HL resourcing.
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P S, F C I, M B, C C. C. vulgaris growth batch tests using winery waste digestate as promising raw material for biodiesel and stearin production. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2021; 136:266-272. [PMID: 34717214 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2021.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The recovery of high added value compound from waste stream is fundamental to keep biotechnological processes sustainable. In this study, anaerobic digestion of two highly produced organic waste was integrated with microalgae-based processes both to treat liquid digestate and recover high value compounds. Chlorella vulgaris growth was assessed for lipids accumulation and subsequent recovery, using two types of digestate: organic waste and sewage sludge digestate (DIG-OFMSW) and wine lees digestate (DIG-WL). Growth tests were carried out in batch mode and results showed a slightly higher final biomass concentration from DIG-WL (1.36 ± 0.09 g l-1) compared to DIG-OFMSW (1.05 ± 0.13 g l-1) and a clearly different lipids accumulation yield (28.86 ± 0.05% in DIG-WL compared to 6.1 ± 0.2% of DIG-OFMSW, on total solids). Lipid characterization showed a high oleic acid accumulation (69.52 ± 0.50%w/w in DIG-WL) that positively influence biodiesel properties and a low linolenic acids content (below 0.30%w/w) that comply with European law EN14214 for biodiesel (linolenic acid content lower than 12%w/w). In addition, due to the high concentration of palmitic and stearic acids detected at the end of test, this oil can be used as new substrate to produce stearin, normally produced from palm oil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scarponi P
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, via Torino 155, 30172 Venice, Italy
| | - Izzo F C
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, via Torino 155, 30172 Venice, Italy
| | - Bravi M
- Department of Chemical Engineering Materials Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, via Eudossiana 18, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - Cavinato C
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, via Torino 155, 30172 Venice, Italy.
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Hungría J, Siles JA, Chica AF, Gil A, Martín MA. Anaerobic co-digestion of winery waste: comparative assessment of grape marc waste and lees derived from organic crops. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 42:3618-3626. [PMID: 32114938 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2020.1737735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Grapes are one the world's leading fruit crops, with close to 77 million tonnes harvested per year. Grapes are commonly used to produce wine; a process which generates different wastes such as grape mark waste (skins, seeds and stalks), lees and other residues. This study evaluates the treatment of winery waste derived from ecological cultivation by anaerobic digestion to produce energy in the form of methane. Grape marc waste, Verdejo and Pedro Ximenez (PX) wine lees were digested under stable conditions at mesophilic conditions. The PX lees showed the highest methane yield production (433 LSTP CH4/kg VS) with a maximum OLR of 4.58 kg VS/m3·d. In the evaluated range the process was stable with a range of biodegradability of 51-79%. Due to different types of winery waste are generated at consecutive stages of the main production process, the sequential treatment of PX lees, Verdejo lees and grape marc waste in the same anaerobic digester could be an interesting option. This procedure would facilitate the management of the residual streams generated in wineries during the year and promotes the circular economy in the Montilla-Moriles Protected Designation of Origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hungría
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - J A Siles
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - A F Chica
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - A Gil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - M A Martín
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Córdoba, Córdoba, Spain
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Gauthankar M, Khandeparker R, Shivaramu MS, Salkar K, Sreepada RA, Paingankar M. Comparative assessment of amino acids composition in two types of marine fish silage. Sci Rep 2021; 11:15235. [PMID: 34315916 PMCID: PMC8316558 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-93884-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish silage is a brown liquefied product achieved by the action of enzymes when finely grounded whole/parts of either single or mixed fish types are subjected to acidification. This study made a comparative assessment of biochemical and nutritive properties, especially the amino acid composition in supernatant phase of formic acid silages prepared from two fish types, Indian mackerel (Rastrelliger kanagurta) and false travely (Lactarius lactarius) representing fat fish (FF, fat content > 5%) and lean fish (LF, fat content < 5%), respectively during 35 days of fermentation (DoF). Significantly higher content of total amino acid (TAA) and free amino acids (FAA) were recorded in FFS (TAA, 41.2 ± 0.03 mg/g; FAA, 31.3 ± 0.003 mg/g) compared to LFS (TAA, 35.8 ± 0.07 mg/g; FAA, 18.26 ± 0.003 mg/g; FAA, 31.3 ± 0.003 mg/g) (p < 0.05). At the end of 35 DoF, the concentrations of amino acids such as asparagine, histidine, isoleucine, valine, cysteine, serine, lysine and arginine were significantly higher in FFS as compared to LFS. The relative amino acid composition of FFS and LFS varied in accordance with DoF and the relationship was found to be highly significant (ANOVA, p < 0.00001). High concentrations of l-amino acids such as leucine, glutamic acid and arginine were recorded in both FFS and LFS. In conclusion, the analysis suggested that a fermentation period of 25–30 days showed a significant effect on the composition of amino acids in both types of ensilage compared to other fermentation periods (p < 0.05). Considering the role of amino acids in enhancing the plant growth and proliferation, the findings of the present study are quite useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukund Gauthankar
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography (CSIR-NIO), Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India
| | - Rakhee Khandeparker
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography (CSIR-NIO), Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India
| | - Mamatha S Shivaramu
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography (CSIR-NIO), Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India.,Food Protectants and Infestation Control Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CSIR-CFTRI), Mysuru, Karnataka, 570020, India
| | - Komal Salkar
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography (CSIR-NIO), Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India
| | - Rayadurga Anantha Sreepada
- Biological Oceanography Division, CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography (CSIR-NIO), Dona Paula, Goa, 403004, India.
| | - Mandar Paingankar
- Department of Zoology, Government Science College, Gadchiroli, Chamorshi Road, Gadchiroli, Maharashtra, 442605, India
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Improving the Anaerobic Digestion of Wine-Industry Liquid Wastes: Treatment by Electro-Oxidation and Use of Biochar as an Additive. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13225971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Wine lees have a great potential to obtain clean energy in the form of biogas through anaerobic digestion due to their high organic load. However, wine lees are a complex substrate and may likely give rise to instabilities leading to failure of the biological process. This work analysed the digestion of wine lees using two different approaches. First, electro-oxidation was applied as pre-treatment using boron-doped diamond-based electrodes. The voltage was 25 V and different treatment times were tested (ranging from 0.08 to 1.5 h) at 25 °C. Anaerobic digestion of wine lees was evaluated in batch tests to investigate the effect of electro-oxidation on biogas yield. Electro-oxidation exhibited a significant positive effect on biogas production increasing its value up to 330 L kg−1 of volatile solids after 1.5 h of treatment, compared to 180 L kg−1 of volatile solids measured from raw wine lees. As a second approach, the addition of biochar to the anaerobic digestion of wine lees was investigated; in the experimental conditions considered in the present study, the addition of biochar did not show any positive effect on anaerobic digestion performance.
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A Systemic Design Approach Applied to Rice and Wine Value Chains. The Case of the InnovaEcoFood Project in Piedmont (Italy). SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12219272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Attention to food waste is an increasingly growing phenomenon today, especially in the context of a circular economy. The InnovaEcoFood project investigates the use of by-products of the Piedmontese rice and wine production chains to valorize their untapped potential in the food sector by applying the Systemic Design approach. We collected, systematized, and visualized a range of solutions for exploiting these by-products, starting from an in-depth literature review on the two value chains. With the support of a consortium of partners from both multidisciplinary industrial and academic sectors, it was possible to validate the links that have been generated. Eventually, the project created food products that integrated these outputs as ingredients (like flour and butter) because they have antioxidant properties and are rich in proteins. InnovaEcoFood has successfully tested how value could be created from waste. Moreover, using rice hull, marc flour, and bran lipid (butter) is of immediate technical and economic feasibility. It could be considered a viable way that deserves further experimentation.
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De Iseppi A, Lomolino G, Marangon M, Curioni A. Current and future strategies for wine yeast lees valorization. Food Res Int 2020; 137:109352. [PMID: 33233056 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Wine lees is a sludge material mainly composed of dead yeast precipitated at the bottom of wine tanks. Along with grape pomace and grape stalks, it is one of the main by-products of the winemaking industry. Given that wine lees are considered a soil pollutant, their disposal represents a cost for wineries. Numerous wine lees recovery and valorization strategies have been proposed, with a particularly steep increase in published research in recent years. This attention is strictly linked to the concepts of circular economy and environmental sustainability that are attracting the interest of the scientific community. In this review, an overview on the available wine lees recovery and valorization strategies is reported. Additionally, the methods for the extraction and valorization of yeast's cell wall polysaccharides (β-glucans and mannoproteins) are discussed. Finally, current and future innovative applications in different sectors of yeast β-glucans and mannoproteins are described and critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto De Iseppi
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lomolino
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy
| | - Matteo Marangon
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy.
| | - Andrea Curioni
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural resources, Animals and Environment (DAFNAE), University of Padova, Viale dell'Università, 16, 35020 Legnaro, Padova, Italy; Centre for Research in Viticulture and Enology (CIRVE), Viale XXVIII Aprile 14, 31015 Conegliano, Italy
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11
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Planning the Flows of Residual Biomass Produced by Wineries for the Preservation of the Rural Landscape. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12030847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Circular economy aims to create a system that allows an optimal reuse of products and materials. According to an appropriate planning hierarchy, agricultural and agro-food co-products, by-products and wastes should be primarily employed to re-balance soil fertility, and afterwards valorized as new secondary raw materials used in the same agricultural sector or in different industrial chains (e.g., cosmetics, nutraceuticals, etc.). Finally, only at the end of this process, they could be conveyed to energy production through co-generation. In this paper, different residues generated by the wine production chain have been considered with reference to the Basilicata region (Southern Italy). These biomasses have been quantitatively assessed and qualitatively classified, in order to find the most rational and convenient solution for their valorization from a technical, economic and environmental point of view. From the spatial analysis—elaborated by implementing a Geographic Information System—some thematic maps have been obtained, which allow us to highlight the areas with the highest concentration of residues. In this way, focusing the analysis on these areas, some possible strategies for their management and valorization have been proposed, so as to restore soil fertility and contribute to the sustainable preservation of the rural landscape.
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Improvement of Digestate Stability Using Dark Fermentation and Anaerobic Digestion Processes. ENERGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/en12183552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This paper assessed the effect of dark fermentation, the fermentative phase in a two-stage anaerobic digestion system, in terms of digestate biostabilization efficiency. The digestates analyzed in this study were obtained from a pilot-scale system in which two different substrates were used in order to simulate both the digestion and co-digestion process. Biostabilization performances were evaluated by measuring the specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) of the outgoing digestates. This index allowed us to define the degree of effectiveness in terms of stabilization of organic matter, between the traditional anaerobic digestion process and the two-stage configuration. Considering the traditional process as a reference scenario, the results highlighted an increase in biological stability for the two-stage co-digestion process, consisting of a dark fermentation stage, followed by an anaerobic digestion one. Digestates biostabilization efficiency increased up from 6.5% to 40.6% from the traditional one-stage configuration to the two-stage one by improving the anaerobic digestion process through a preliminary fermentative stage. The advantages of the two-stage process were due to the role of dark fermentation as a biological pre-treatment. Considering the partial stability results related to the second stage, biological stability was improved in comparison to a single-stage process, reaching an efficiency of 42.2% and 55.8% for the digestion and co-digestion scenario respectively. The dark fermentation phase allowed for a higher hydrolysis of the substrate, making it more easily degradable in the second phase. Results demonstrated better biostabilization performances of the outgoing digestates with the introduction of dark fermentation, resulting in more stable digestates for both the digestion and co-digestion process.
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Gómez-Brandón M, Lores M, Insam H, Domínguez J. Strategies for recycling and valorization of grape marc. Crit Rev Biotechnol 2019; 39:437-450. [PMID: 30939940 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2018.1555514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Grapes are one of the most cultivated fruit crops worldwide. Either for wine or juice production, grape processing generates a large amount of residues that must be treated, disposed of or reused properly to reduce their pollution load before being applied to the soil. In this review, a special focus is given to the treatment and valorization of the winemaking by-product like grape marc via anaerobic digestion, composting and vermicomposting at laboratory, pilot, and industrial scales. The impact of the final products (digestates, composts, and vermicomposts) on soil properties is briefly addressed. Moreover, the role of grape marc and seeds as a valuable source of natural phytochemicals that include polyphenols and other bioactive compounds of interest for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and food industries is also discussed. This is of paramount importance given the fact that sustainability requires the use of management and valorization strategies that allow the recovery of valuable compounds (e.g. antioxidants) with minimum disposal of waste streams.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Gómez-Brandón
- a Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal , Universidade de Vigo , Vigo , Spain
| | - Marta Lores
- b Departamento de Química Analítica, Laboratorio de Investigación y Desarrollo de Soluciones Analíticas (LIDSA) , Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Facultad de Quimica, Avda das Ciencias s/n , Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Heribert Insam
- c Institute of Microbiology , University of Innsbruck , Innsbruck , Austria
| | - Jorge Domínguez
- a Departamento de Ecoloxía e Bioloxía Animal , Universidade de Vigo , Vigo , Spain
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Da Ros C, Libralato G, Ghirardini AV, Radaelli M, Cavinato C. Assessing the potential phytotoxicity of digestate from winery wastes. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2018; 150:26-33. [PMID: 29268111 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.12.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, digestate from winery wastes was investigated focusing on phytotoxicity using macrophytes and evaluating the potential contribution of ammonium and copper. Spreading of digestate on soil could represent a suitable approach to recycle nutrients and organic matter, creating an on site circular economy. In this study, digestate quality was evaluated considering both chemical-physical characteristics and biological toxicity applying germination test. The effluent did not meet the entire amendment quality standard defined by Italian law (Decree 75/2010 germination index > 60% with solution of 30% v/v of digestate), but bio-stimulation was observed at low doses (3.15-6.25% v/v) for S. alba and S. saccharatum. The beneficial concentration agreed with Nitrate Directive dose and suggested that limited addition of digestate could have several positive effects on soil characteristics and on crop growth. Specific test using ammonium and copper solutions showed that these pollutants were not directly correlated to observed phytotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Da Ros
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia-Mestre, Italy.
| | - Giovanni Libralato
- Department of Biology, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia ed. 7, 80126 Naples, Italy.
| | - Annamaria Volpi Ghirardini
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia-Mestre, Italy.
| | - Marta Radaelli
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia-Mestre, Italy.
| | - Cristina Cavinato
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia-Mestre, Italy.
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15
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Swati A, Hait S. A Comprehensive Review of the Fate of Pathogens during Vermicomposting of Organic Wastes. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 2018; 47:16-29. [PMID: 29415111 DOI: 10.2134/jeq2017.07.0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Management of both municipal and industrial organic wastes remains a major threat to biota and the environment due to the presence of pathogens in abundance. Vermicomposting employing earthworms is increasingly gaining attention as a sustainable and ecofriendly technique to transform and sanitize a variety of organic wastes into nutrient-rich biofertilizer. Although considerable research has been undertaken to show that vermicomposting can significantly reduce pathogenic contents, there is little effort to summarize the various mechanisms responsible for it. With the aim to assess the fate of pathogens during vermicomposting of various organic wastes, this article provides a comprehensive summary on the occurrence of pathogens in a variety of wastes vis-à-vis pathogens standards, the efficacy of the process for pathogen reduction, and current knowledge of the plausible mechanisms involved. It is evident from the present study that earthworms and endosymbiotic microbes during vermicomposting tend to eliminate pathogens by enhancing enzymatic activities in both gut- and cast-associated processes. Pathogen reduction during vermicomposting can be plausibly attributed to direct actions like microbial inhibition due to intestinal enzymatic action, and secretion of coelomic fluids with antibacterial properties, as well as indirect actions like stimulation of endemic microbes leading to competition and antagonism, and aeration by burrowing activity. Further, the pathogen reduction during vermicomposting is largely selective, and earthworms exert a differential effect according to the earthworm species and whether the pathogen considered is Gram-positive or -negative, owing to its cell wall composition. However, further research is necessary to understand the exact mechanisms involved for pathogen reduction during vermistabilization of municipal and industrial organic wastes.
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Da Ros C, Cavinato C, Pavan P, Bolzonella D. Mesophilic and thermophilic anaerobic co-digestion of winery wastewater sludge and wine lees: An integrated approach for sustainable wine production. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 203:745-752. [PMID: 27050472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2016.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2015] [Revised: 03/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In this work, winery wastes generated by a cellar producing approximately 300,000 hL of wine per year was monitored for a period of one year. On average, 196 L of wastewater, 0.1 kg of waste activated sludge (dry matter) and 1.6 kg of wine lees were produced per hectoliter of wine produced. Different winery wastes, deriving from different production steps, namely waste activated sludge from wastewater treatment and wine lees, were co-treated using an anaerobic digestion process. Testing was conducted on a pilot scale for both mesophilic and thermophilic conditions. The process was stable for a long period at 37 °C, with an average biogas production of 0.386 m3/kg CODfed. On the other hand, for thermophilic conditions, volatile fatty acids accumulated in the reactor and the process failed after one hydraulic retention time (23 days). In order to fix the biological process, trace elements (iron, cobalt and nickel) were added to the feed of the thermophilic reactor. Metals augmentation improved process stability and yields at 55 °C. The pH ranged between 7.8 and 8.0, and specific gas production was 0.450 m3/kg CODfed, which corresponded to dry matter and COD removals of 34% and 88%, respectively. Although the observed performances in terms of biogas production were good, the thermophilic process exhibited some limitations related to both the necessity of metals addition and the worse dewaterability properties. In fact, while the mesophilic digestates reached a good dewatering quality via the addition of 6.5 g of polymer per kg of dry matter, the required dosage for the thermophilic sludge was greater than 10 g/kg of dry matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Da Ros
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia Mestre, Italy.
| | - C Cavinato
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia Mestre, Italy
| | - P Pavan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Informatics and Statistics, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172 Venezia Mestre, Italy
| | - D Bolzonella
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, I-37134 Verona, Italy
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17
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Pecorini I, Ferrari L, Baldi F, Albini E, Galoppi G, Bacchi D, Vizza F, Lombardi L, Carcasci C, Ferrara G, Antonio Carnevale E. Energy recovery from fermentative biohydrogen production of biowaste: a case study based analysis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.egypro.2017.08.230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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Waste Brewery and Winery Yeast as a Raw Material for Biotechnological Productions. KVASNY PRUMYSL 2017. [DOI: 10.18832/kp201718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Kučera L, Kurka O, Barták P, Bednář P. Liquid chromatography/high resolution tandem mass spectrometry - Tool for the study of polyphenol profile changes during micro-scale biogas digestion of grape marcs. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 166:463-472. [PMID: 27710883 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.09.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A microscale discontinuous fermenter was used for anaerobic digestion of wine waste - a hardly gasifiable feedstock material. Efficiency of biogas production, i.e. changes in content of nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide and methane in gas phase, was monitored by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Liquid chromatography/high resolution tandem mass spectrometry in combination with principal component analysis and orthogonal projection to latent structures was used to reveal main chemical differences of gasified wine waste mixture from commonly used ones in agricultural biogas plants. Compounds with particular polyphenolic structures appeared among the most distinctive markers. Analysis of samples collected during acidogenic phase and unstabilized methanogenesis indicates formation of certain dihydro-flavonoids in early stages of the process and their consequent degradation. Due to formerly described higher toxicity of some dihydroflavonoids (e.g. taxifolin) compared to their more common counterparts (e.g. quercetin, malvidin etc.), unstabilized digestate would represent a potential environmental risk when used as a fertilizer deserving a proper control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukáš Kučera
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Ondřej Kurka
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Barták
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Bednář
- Regional Centre of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, 17. listopadu 12, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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20
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Green alternative methods for the extraction of antioxidant bioactive compounds from winery wastes and by-products: A review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2016.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 396] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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21
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Yáñez E, Santander P, Contreras D, Yáñez J, Cornejo L, Mansilla HD. Homogeneous and heterogeneous degradation of caffeic acid using photocatalysis driven by UVA and solar light. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2015; 51:78-85. [PMID: 26548918 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2015.1086211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Waste water from the wine industry is characterized by a high concentration of dissolved organic matter and the presence of natural phenolic compounds with low biodegradability. High concentrations of phenolic compounds may cause environmental pollution and risks to human health. In this article caffeic acid (CA) was used as a model compound of wine effluent because it is refractory to the conventional wastewater treatments. The oxidation of caffeic acid in water solution (0.01 g L(-1)) by heterogeneous photocatalysis and photo-Fenton reaction was studied using UVA. The optimal conditions for each treatment were performed by multivariate experimental design. The optimal conditions for heterogeneous photocatalysis were pH 5.3 and 0.9 g L(-1) TiO2. In the case of photo-Fenton treatment, optimized variable were 82.4 μmol L(-1) of Fe(2+) and 558.6 μmol L(-1) of H2O2. The degradation profiles of CA were monitored by UV-Vis, HPLC, TOC and COD. To reach 90% of CA removal, 40 and 2 min of reaction, respectively, were required by heterogeneous and photo-Fenton processes, respectively. For comparison purposes, the reactions were also performed under solar light. The use of solar light does not change the efficiency of the photo-Fenton reaction, yet the performance of the heterogeneous process was significantly improved, reaching 90% of degradation in 15 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliana Yáñez
- a Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Concepción , Concepción , Chile
| | - Paola Santander
- a Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Concepción , Concepción , Chile
| | - David Contreras
- a Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Concepción , Concepción , Chile
| | - Jorge Yáñez
- a Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Concepción , Concepción , Chile
| | - Lorena Cornejo
- b Environmental Research Laboratory of Arid Zones, LIMZA, School of Mechanical Engineering, EUDIM, University of Tarapacá , Arica , Chile
| | - Héctor D Mansilla
- a Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Concepción , Concepción , Chile
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22
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Pérez-Bibbins B, Torrado-Agrasar A, Salgado JM, Oliveira RPDS, Domínguez JM. Potential of lees from wine, beer and cider manufacturing as a source of economic nutrients: An overview. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2015; 40:72-81. [PMID: 25824282 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2015.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Lees are the wastes generated during the fermentation and aging processes of different industrial activities concerning alcoholic drinks such as wine, cider and beer. They must be conveniently treated to avoid uncontrolled dumping which causes environmental problems due to their high content of phenols, pesticides, heavy metals, and considerable concentrations of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium as well as high organic content. The companies involved must seek alternative environmental and economic physicochemical and biological treatments for their revalorization consisting in the recovery or transformation of the components of the lees into high value-added compounds. After describing the composition of lees and market of wine, beer and cider industries in Spain, this work aims to review the recent applications of wine, beer and cider lees reported in literature, with special attention to the use of lees as an endless sustainable source of nutrients and the production of yeast extract by autolysis or cell disruption. Lees and/or yeast extract can be used as nutritional supplements with potential exploitation in the biotechnological industry for the production of natural compounds such as xylitol, organic acids, and biosurfactants, among others.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Pérez-Bibbins
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain; Laboratory of Agro-food Biotechnology, CITI (University of Vigo)-Tecnópole, Technological Park of Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense, Spain
| | - A Torrado-Agrasar
- Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - J M Salgado
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain; Laboratory of Agro-food Biotechnology, CITI (University of Vigo)-Tecnópole, Technological Park of Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense, Spain
| | - R Pinheiro de Souza Oliveira
- Department of Biochemical and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J M Domínguez
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas s/n, 32004 Ourense, Spain; Laboratory of Agro-food Biotechnology, CITI (University of Vigo)-Tecnópole, Technological Park of Galicia, San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense, Spain
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