1
|
Ji S, Ran R, Esfahani IC, Sun H, Wan KT. Quantification of Particle Filtration Using a Quartz Crystal Microbalance Embedded in a Microfluidic Channel. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:14223-14230. [PMID: 37753720 PMCID: PMC10620986 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
To quantify colloidal filtration, a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) with a silicon dioxide surface is embedded on the inner surface of a microfluidic channel to monitor the real-time particle deposition. Potassium chloride solution with micrometer-size polystyrene particles simulating bacterial strains flows down the channel. In the presence of intrinsic Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) intersurface forces, particles are trapped by the quartz surfaces, and the increased mass shifts the QCM resonance frequency. The method provides an alternative way to measure filtration efficiency in an optically opaque channel and its dependence on the ionic concentration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Ji
- Mechanical and Industrial
Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115-5005, United
States
| | - Ran Ran
- Mechanical and Industrial
Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115-5005, United
States
| | | | - Hongwei Sun
- Mechanical and Industrial
Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115-5005, United
States
| | - Kai-tak Wan
- Mechanical and Industrial
Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115-5005, United
States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rius-Ayra O, Carmona-Ruiz M, Llorca-Isern N. Superhydrophobic cotton fabrics for effective removal of high-density polyethylene and polypropylene microplastics: Insights from surface and colloidal analysis. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 646:763-774. [PMID: 37229994 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.05.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS The use of superhydrophobic materials to remove particulate pollutants such as microplastics is still in its infancy. In a previous study, we investigated the effectiveness of three different types of superhydrophobic materials - coatings, powdered materials, and meshes - for removing microplastics. In this study, we will explain the removal process by considering microplastics as colloids and taking into account their wetting properties as well as those of a superhydrophobic surface. The process will be explained through the interactions of electrostatic forces, van der Waals forces, and the DLVO theory. EXPERIMENTS In order to replicate and verify the previous experimental findings on the removal of microplastics using superhydrophobic surfaces, we have modified non-woven cotton fabrics with polydimethylsiloxane. We then proceeded to remove high-density polyethylene and polypropylene microplastics from water by introducing oil at the microplastics-water interface, and we determined the removal efficiency of the modified cotton fabrics. FINDINGS After achieving a superhydrophobic non-woven cotton fabric (159 ± 1°), we confirmed its effectiveness in removing high-density polyethylene and polypropylene microplastics from water with a removal efficiency of 99%. Our findings suggest that the binding energy of microplastics increases and the Hamaker constant becomes positive when they are present in oil instead of water, leading to their aggregation. As a result, electrostatic interactions become negligible in the organic phase, and van der Waals interactions become more important. The use of the DLVO theory allowed us to confirm that solid pollutants can be easily removed from the oil using superhydrophobic materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- O Rius-Ayra
- CPCM Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1 - 11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - M Carmona-Ruiz
- CPCM Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1 - 11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Llorca-Isern
- CPCM Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Química Física, Facultat de Química, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1 - 11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Park J, Lee J, Han S, Lee HR, Choi SQ. Removal Analysis of Residual Photoresist Particles Based on Surface Topography Affected by Exposure Times of Ultraviolet and Developer Solution. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:16134-16143. [PMID: 36520112 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Particle removal from the surface of a substrate has been an issue in numerous fields for a long time. In semiconductor processes, for instance, the formation of clean surfaces by removing photoresist (PR) must be followed in order to create neat patterns. Although PR removal has been intensively investigated recently, little is known about how ultraviolet (UV) and developer solutions alter the PR resin (and in what manner) near the surface. While varying the exposure times of UV and developer solution, we investigated the topographic changes on the surfaces of PR resin films and particles. The measured surface properties were then correlated with the detachment force determined using films, and eventually with the residual PR particle removal percentages obtained in a microchannel. Using a positive PR and a base developer solution, we demonstrated that UV causes the surface of PR resin to become hydrophilic and wavy, whereas the developer solution produces a surface with a larger degree of roughness by swelling and partially dissolving the resin. Ultimately, the increased roughness decreased the effective contact area between PR resins, hence decreasing the detachment force and increasing the particle removal percentages. We anticipate that our findings will help understand residual particle issues, particularly on the removal mechanism of PR resins based on surface topography.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinwon Park
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jaehong Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seongsoo Han
- Mineral Processing and Metallurgy Research Center, Resources Utilization Division, Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM), Daejeon 34132, Korea
| | - Hyun-Ro Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Siyoung Q Choi
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
- KAIST Institute for the Nanocentury, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Separation of plastic wastes using froth flotation - An overview. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 308:102769. [PMID: 36116142 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Despite various initiatives and efforts, plastic solid waste (PSW) has become a major global problem due to decades of relentless use of plastics. Since non-biodegradable plastics can persist in the environment for hundreds of years, threatening animal and human life, discarding them into the environment is not a viable option. Plastic recycling is a critical research area that requires urgent attention since less than 10% of the seven billion tons of globally generated plastic waste has been recycled so far. With recent technological developments, it is now possible to recycle many types of PSW using a variety of methods. This review provides an overview of the froth flotation technology that is currently being researched for PSW recycling. Fundamental working principles, the current state of the development, and limitations of this technique are reviewed. It is suggested that froth flotation with continuous development has tremendous potential to result in a more efficient and environmentally friendly approach to PSW recycling.
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang P, Liu Y, Zhang L, Xu M, Gao L, Zhao B. The interaction of micro/nano plastics and the environment: Effects of ecological corona on the toxicity to aquatic organisms. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 243:113997. [PMID: 35988380 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Concerns about the micro/nano plastics (MNPs) exposure risks have risen in recent years. The ecological corona (EC), which is generated by the interaction between MNPs and environmental substances, has a significant impact on their environmental fate and ecological risks. As the largest sink of MNPs, the aquatic environment is of great significance for understanding the environmental behaviour of MNPs. Transmission Electron Microscope (TME), Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) and other analytical methods have been used as effective methods to analyse the formation process of EC and detect the existing EC directly or indirectly on the surface of MNPs. The physicochemical properties of MNPs, complex aquatic environments and ageing time have been identified as the key factors affecting EC formation in aquatic environments. Moreover, the EC absorbed on MNPs significantly changed their environmental behaviour and toxicity to aquatic organisms. This review gives a full understanding of the EC formation progress on the surface of MNPs and different analytical methods for EC have been summarised which can further assist the ecological risk assessment of MNPs in the aquatic environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peiming Zhang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Yin Liu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China.
| | - Long Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China; State Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu, China
| | - Ming Xu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Lirong Gao
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Bin Zhao
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lins TF, O'Brien AM, Zargartalebi M, Sinton D. Nanoplastic State and Fate in Aquatic Environments: Multiscale Modeling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:4017-4028. [PMID: 35311252 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c03922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We now know that nanoplastics can harm aquatic organisms, but understanding ecological risk starts with understanding fate. We coupled population balance and fugacity models to predict the conditions under which nanoplastics remain as single particles, aggregate, or sediment and to predict their capacity to concentrate organic pollutants. We carried out simulations across a broad range of nanoplastic concentrations, particle sizes, and particle-particle interactions under a range of salinity and organic matter conditions. The model predicts that across plastic materials and environmental conditions, nanoplastics will either remain mostly dispersed or settle as aggregates with natural colloids. Nanoplastics of different size classes respond dissimilarly to concentration, ionic strength, and organic matter content, indicating that the sizes of nanoplastics to which organisms are exposed likely shift across ecological zones. We implemented a fugacity model of the Great Lakes to assess the organic pollution payload carried by nanoplastics, generating the expectation that nanoplastics would carry nine times more pollutants than microsized plastics and a threshold concentration of 10 μg/L at which they impact pollutant distribution. Our simulations across a broad range of factors inform future experimentation by highlighting the relative importance of size, concentration, material properties, and interactions in driving nanoplastic fate in aquatic environments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago F Lins
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Anna M O'Brien
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, 25 Wilcocks Street, Toronto ON M5S 3B2, Canada
| | - Mohammad Zargartalebi
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto ON M5S 3G8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
|
8
|
Flores-Campos R, Estrada-Ruiz RH, Velarde-Sánchez EJ. Study of the physicochemical effects on the separation of the non-metallic fraction from printed circuit boards by inverse flotation. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2017; 69:400-406. [PMID: 28888804 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2017.08.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 08/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Recycling printed circuit boards using green technology is increasingly important due to the metals these contain and the environmental care that must be taken when separating the different materials. Inverse flotation is a process that can be considered a Green Technology, which separates metallic from non-metallic fractions. The degree of separation depends on how much material is adhered to air bubbles. The contact angle measurement allows to determine, in an easy way, whether the flotation process will occur or not and thus establish a material as hydrophobic or not. With the material directly obtained from the milling process, it was found that the contact angle of the non-metallic fraction-liquid-air system increases as temperature increases. In the same way, the increments in concentration of frother in the liquid increase the contact angle of the non-metallic fraction-liquid-air system. 10ppm of Methyl Isobutyl Carbinol provides the highest contact angle as well as the highest material charging in the bubble.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Flores-Campos
- Termoplásticos REMI S.A. de C.V., Guillermo Prieto No. 1115-A, Col. Centro, Saltillo, C.P. 25000 Coahuila, Mexico.
| | - R H Estrada-Ruiz
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Saltillo (ITS), Departamento de Mecánica - Mecatrónica, Venustiano Carranza No. 2400, Col. Tecnológico, Saltillo, C.P. 25280 Coahuila, Mexico.
| | - E J Velarde-Sánchez
- Tecnológico Nacional de México, Instituto Tecnológico de Saltillo (ITS), Departamento de Mecánica - Mecatrónica, Venustiano Carranza No. 2400, Col. Tecnológico, Saltillo, C.P. 25280 Coahuila, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|