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Caldwell A, Su X, Jin Q, Hemphill P, Jaha D, Nard S, Tiriveedhi V, Huang H, OHair J. Food Waste from Campus Dining Hall as a Potential Feedstock for 2,3-Butanediol Production via Non-Sterilized Fermentation. Foods 2024; 13:452. [PMID: 38338586 PMCID: PMC10855077 DOI: 10.3390/foods13030452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Food waste is a major issue that is increasingly affecting our environment. More than one-third of food is wasted, resulting in over $400 billion in losses to the U.S. economy. While composting and other small recycling practices are encouraged from person-to-person, it is not enough to balance the net loss of 80 million tons per year. Currently, one of the most promising routes for reducing food waste is through microbial fermentation, which can convert the waste into valuable bioproducts. Among the compounds produced from fermentation, 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO) has gained interest recently due to its molecular structure as a building block for many other derivatives used in perfumes, synthetic rubber, fumigants, antifreeze agents, fuel additives, and pharmaceuticals. Waste feedstocks, such as food waste, are a potential source of renewable energy due to their lack of cost and availability. Food waste also possesses microbial requirements for growth such as carbohydrates, proteins, fats, and more. However, food waste is highly inconsistent and the variability in composition may hinder its ability to be a stable source for bioproducts such as 2,3-BDO. This current study focuses specifically on post-consumer food waste and how 2,3-BDO can be produced through a non-model organism, Bacillus licheniformis YNP5-TSU during non-sterile fermentation. From the dining hall at Tennessee State University, 13 food waste samples were collected over a 6-month period and the compositional analysis was performed. On average, these samples consisted of fat (19.7%), protein (18.7%), ash (4.8%), fiber (3.4%), starch (27.1%), and soluble sugars (20.9%) on a dry basis with an average moisture content of 34.7%. Food waste samples were also assessed for their potential production of 2,3-BDO during non-sterile thermophilic fermentation, resulting in a max titer of 12.12 g/L and a 33% g/g yield of 2,3-BDO/carbohydrates. These findings are promising and can lead to the better understanding of food waste as a defined feedstock for 2,3-BDO and other fermentation end-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Caldwell
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Life & Physical Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA; (A.C.); (P.H.); (D.J.); (S.N.); (V.T.)
| | - Xueqian Su
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (X.S.); (H.H.)
| | - Qing Jin
- School of Food and Agriculture, College of Earth, Life, and Health Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA;
| | - Phyllicia Hemphill
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Life & Physical Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA; (A.C.); (P.H.); (D.J.); (S.N.); (V.T.)
| | - Doaa Jaha
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Life & Physical Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA; (A.C.); (P.H.); (D.J.); (S.N.); (V.T.)
| | - Sonecia Nard
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Life & Physical Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA; (A.C.); (P.H.); (D.J.); (S.N.); (V.T.)
| | - Venkataswarup Tiriveedhi
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Life & Physical Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA; (A.C.); (P.H.); (D.J.); (S.N.); (V.T.)
| | - Haibo Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Agriculture & Life Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; (X.S.); (H.H.)
| | - Joshua OHair
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Life & Physical Sciences, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA; (A.C.); (P.H.); (D.J.); (S.N.); (V.T.)
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López-Linares JC, Mateo Martínez A, Coca M, Lucas S, García-Cubero MT. Carrot Discard as a Promising Feedstock to Produce 2,3-Butanediol by Fermentation with P. polymyxa DSM 365. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:937. [PMID: 37627821 PMCID: PMC10451558 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10080937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The valorization of fruit and vegetable residues (such as carrot discard) and their microbial conversion into 2,3-butanediol (BDO) can be considered as a very interesting way to reduce food waste and sustainably originate high value-added products. This work analyzes the valorization of carrot discard as feedstock for 2,3-butanediol (BDO) production by Paenibacillus polymyxa DSM 365. The influences of stirring and the presence of tryptone (nitrogen source) are studied. Furthermore, in order to evaluate the influence of the pre-culture medium (nitrogen source, nutrients, and pH) and the substrate, fermentation assays in simple and mixture semi-defined media (glucose, fructose, and/or galactose) were also carried out. As a result, 18.8 g/L BDO, with a BDO yield of 0.43 g/g (86% of its theoretical value), could be obtained from carrot discard enzymatic hydrolysate at 100 rpm, no tryptone, and pre-culture Häßler medium. No hydrothermal pre-treatment was necessary for BDO production from carrot discard, which increases the profitability of the process. Therefore, 18.8 g BDO, as well as 2.5 g ethanol and 2.1 g acetoin by-products, could be obtained from 100 g of carrot discard (dry matter).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos López-Linares
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Engineering, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (J.C.L.-L.); (A.M.M.); (M.C.); (S.L.)
- Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Adrián Mateo Martínez
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Engineering, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (J.C.L.-L.); (A.M.M.); (M.C.); (S.L.)
- Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mónica Coca
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Engineering, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (J.C.L.-L.); (A.M.M.); (M.C.); (S.L.)
- Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Susana Lucas
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Engineering, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (J.C.L.-L.); (A.M.M.); (M.C.); (S.L.)
- Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - María Teresa García-Cubero
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, School of Industrial Engineering, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (J.C.L.-L.); (A.M.M.); (M.C.); (S.L.)
- Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina, s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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3
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He H, Yu Q, Ding Z, Zhang L, Shi G, Li Y. Biotechnological and food synthetic biology potential of platform strain: Bacillus licheniformis. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2023; 8:281-291. [PMID: 37090063 PMCID: PMC10119484 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2023.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus licheniformis is one of the most characteristic Gram-positive bacteria. Its unique genetic background and safety characteristics make it have important biologic applications in the food industry, including, the biosynthesis of high value-added bioproducts, probiotic functions, biological treatment of wastes derived from food production, etc. In this review, these recent advances are summarized and presented systematically for the first time. In addition, we highlight synthetic biology strategies as a potential driver of developing this strain for wider and more efficient application in the food industry. Finally, we present the current challenges faced and provide our unique perspective on relevant future research directions. In summary, this review will provide an illuminating and comprehensive perspective that will allow an in-depth understanding of B. licheniformis and promote its more effective development in the food industry.
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Paz A, Zerva A, Topakas E. Evaluation of olive mill wastewater as culture medium to produce lipolytic enzymes by Bacillus aryabhattai BA03. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2023.102643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Chen X, Zhang J, Lin Q, Li G, Zhao X. Dispose of Chinese cabbage waste via hydrothermal carbonization: hydrochar characterization and its potential as a soil amendment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:4592-4602. [PMID: 35974264 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22359-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Landfill of waste biomass not only poses a threat to environmental protection but also leads to a great waste of biomass resources. Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) has been considered a promising method to convert the wet biomass into hydrochar, a high-value-added product with multiple application potentials. The cabbage waste, typical wet waste biomass with a huge production per year, was hydrothermally carbonized under 190 °C and 260 °C, respectively. The results indicated that the majority of nutrients from feedstock were dissolved in spent liquor during HTC, with only a few amounts retained on hydrochar. Temperature showed a more significant impact on hydrochar properties than retention time, which enables hydrochar to be potentially used as a soil conditioner. Particularly, the hydrochar produced at 190 °C could improve plant nutrition in the short term, while that produced at 260 °C may benefit in C sequestration. Moreover, the hydrochar dominated by meso/macropores (> 90%) would be conducive to the storage of plant-available water. But both BTX and VOCs may release during hydrochar application; thus, further field experiments are needed to test the environmental risks of hydrochar when applied as a soil amendment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejiao Chen
- School of Food Science and Bioengineering, Xihua University, Chengdu, 610039, China.
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Jinhong Zhang
- Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, 250100, China
| | - Qimei Lin
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Agricultural Resources and Environmental Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Guitong Li
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhao
- College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Narisetty V, Adlakha N, Kumar Singh N, Dalei SK, Prabhu AA, Nagarajan S, Naresh Kumar A, Amruthraj Nagoth J, Kumar G, Singh V, Kumar V. Integrated biorefineries for repurposing of food wastes into value-added products. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127856. [PMID: 36058538 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Food waste (FW) generated through various scenarios from farm to fork causes serious environmental problems when either incinerated or disposed inappropriately. The presence of significant amounts of carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids enable FW to serve as sustainable and renewable feedstock for the biorefineries. Implementation of multiple substrates and product biorefinery as a platform could pursue an immense potential of reducing costs for bio-based process and improving its commercial viability. The review focuses on conversion of surplus FW into range of value-added products including biosurfactants, biopolymers, diols, and bioenergy. The review includes in-depth description of various types of FW, their chemical and nutrient compositions, current valorization techniques and regulations. Further, it describes limitations of FW as feedstock for biorefineries. In the end, review discuss future scope to provide a clear path for sustainable and net-zero carbon biorefineries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek Narisetty
- Innovation Centre, Moolec Science Pvt. Ltd., Gallow Hill, Warwick CV34 6UW, United Kingdom
| | - Nidhi Adlakha
- Synthetic Biology and Bioprocessing Group, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR-Biotech Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Navodit Kumar Singh
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New-Delhi 110016, India
| | - Sudipt Kumar Dalei
- Synthetic Biology and Bioprocessing Group, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR-Biotech Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Ashish A Prabhu
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, Telangana 506004, India
| | - Sanjay Nagarajan
- Sustainable Environment Research Centre, University of South Wales, Pontypridd CF37 4BB, United Kingdom
| | - A Naresh Kumar
- Department of Environmental Science and Technology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Joseph Amruthraj Nagoth
- School of Biosciences and Veterinary Medicine, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy
| | - Gopalakrishnan Kumar
- Institute of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, Box 8600 Forus, 4036 Stavanger, Norway; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Vijai Singh
- Department of Biosciences, Indrashil University, Rajpur, Gujarat, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- School of Water, Energy, and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield MK43 0AL, United Kingdom.
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7
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Hazeena SH, Shurpali NJ, Siljanen H, Lappalainen R, Anoop P, Adarsh VP, Sindhu R, Pandey A, Binod P. Bioprocess development of 2, 3-butanediol production using agro-industrial residues. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2022; 45:1527-1537. [PMID: 35960335 PMCID: PMC9399043 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-022-02761-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The valorization of agricultural and industrial wastes for fuel and chemical production benefits environmental sustainability. 2, 3-Butanediol (2,3-BDO) is a value-added platform chemical covering many industrial applications. Since the global market is increasing drastically, production rates have to increase. In order to replace the current petroleum-based 2,3-BDO production, renewable feedstock's ability has been studied for the past few decades. This study aims to find an improved bioprocess for producing 2,3-BDO from agricultural and industrial residues, consequently resulting in a low CO2 emission bioprocess. For this, screening of 13 different biomass samples for hydrolyzable sugars has been done. Alkali pretreatment has been performed with the processed biomass and enzyme hydrolysis performed using commercial cellulase. Among all biomass hydrolysate oat hull and spruce bark biomass could produce the maximum amount of total reducing sugars. Later oat hull and spruce bark biomass with maximum hydrolyzable sugars have been selected for submerged fermentation studies using Enterobacter cloacae SG1. After fermentation, 37.59 and 26.74 g/L of 2,3-BDO was obtained with oat hull and spruce bark biomass, respectively. The compositional analysis of each step of biomass processing has been performed and changes in each component have been evaluated. The compositional analysis has revealed that biomass composition has changed significantly after pretreatment and hydrolysis leading to a remarkable release of sugars which can be utilized by bacteria for 2,3-BDO production. The results have been found to be promising, showing the potential of waste biomass residues as a low-cost raw material for 2,3-BDO production and thus a new lead in an efficient waste management approach for less CO2 emission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulfath Hakkim Hazeena
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Narasinha J Shurpali
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio campus, Kuopio, Finland.
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Halolantie 31 A, 71750, Maaninka, FI, Finland.
| | - Henri Siljanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio campus, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Reijo Lappalainen
- Biomaterials Technology, Dept. of Applied Physics & SIB-Labs, University of Eastern Finland (Kuopio Campus), Yliopistonranta 1 F, 70211, Kuopio, FI, Finland
| | - Puthiyamdam Anoop
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Velayudhanpillai Prasannakumari Adarsh
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Raveendran Sindhu
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India
| | - Ashok Pandey
- Centre for Innovation and Translational Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, 226 001, India
- Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, 248 007, Dehradun, India
- Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability, Lucknow, 226 029, India
| | - Parameswaran Binod
- Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, Kerala, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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8
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Yu D, Lord N, Polk J, Dhakal K, Li S, Yin Y, Duncan SE, Wang H, Zhang B, Huang H. Physical and chemical properties of edamame during bean development and application of spectroscopy-based machine learning methods to predict optimal harvest time. Food Chem 2022; 368:130799. [PMID: 34425343 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the changes in physical and chemical properties of edamame during bean development and apply a spectroscopy-based machine learning (ML) technique to determine optimal harvest time. The edamame harvested at R5 (beginning seed), R6 (full seed), and R7 (beginning maturity) growth stages were characterized for physical and chemical properties, and pods were measured for spectral reflectance (360-740 nm) using a handheld spectrophotometer. The samples were categorized into 'early', 'ready', and 'late' based on the characterized properties. The results showed that pod/bean weight and pod thickness peaked at R6 and remained stable thereafter. Sugar, starch, alanine, and glycine also peaked at R6 but proceeded to decline. The ML method (random forest classification) using pods' spectral reflectance had a high accuracy of 0.95 for classifying 'early' and 'late' samples and 0.87 for classifying 'early' and 'ready' samples. Therefore, this method can determine the optimal harvest time of edamame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dajun Yu
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Nick Lord
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Justin Polk
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Kshitiz Dhakal
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Song Li
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Yun Yin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Susan E Duncan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Hengjian Wang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- School of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States.
| | - Haibo Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, United States.
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Conversion of Food Waste into 2,3-Butanediol via Thermophilic Fermentation: Effects of Carbohydrate Content and Nutrient Supplementation. Foods 2022; 11:foods11020169. [PMID: 35053901 PMCID: PMC8774479 DOI: 10.3390/foods11020169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Fermentation of food waste into 2,3-butanediol (2,3-BDO), a high-value chemical, is environmentally sustainable and an inexpensive method to recycle waste. Compared to traditional mesophilic fermentation, thermophilic fermentation can inhibit the growth of contaminant bacteria, thereby improving the success of food waste fermentation. However, the effects of sugar and nutrient concentrations in thermophilic food waste fermentations are currently unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of sugar and nutrients (yeast extract (YE) and peptone) concentrations on 2,3-BDO production from fermenting glucose and food waste media using the newly isolated thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis YNP5-TSU. When glucose media was used, fermentation was greatly affected by sugar and nutrient concentrations: excessive glucose (>70 g/L) slowed down the fermentation and low nutrients (2 g/L YE and 1 g/L peptone) caused fermentation failure. However, when food waste media were used with low nutrient addition, the bacteria consumed all 57.8 g/L sugars within 24 h and produced 24.2 g/L 2,3-BDO, equivalent to a fermentation yield of 0.42 g/g. An increase in initial sugar content (72.9 g/L) led to a higher 2,3-BDO titer of 36.7 g/L with a nearly theoretical yield of 0.47 g/g. These findings may provide fundamental knowledge for designing cost-effective food waste fermentation to produce 2,3-BDO.
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Kim K, Jung JY, Kwon JH. Potential of Bacterial Strains Isolated from Coastal Water for Wastewater Treatment and as Aqua-Feed Additives. Microorganisms 2021; 9:2441. [PMID: 34946043 PMCID: PMC8708354 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9122441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteria have various and sustained effects on humans in various fields: molecular biology, biomedical science, environmental/food industry, etc. This study was conducted to evaluate the wastewater treatment capacity and feed-additive fish-growth effect of four strains of bacteria: Pseudoalteromonas mariniglutinosa, Psychrobacter celer, Bacillus albus, and Bacillus safensis. In a wastewater degradation experiment, (i) nitrate-N and nitrite-N were removed within 1 h in all of the 4 bacterial strains; (ii) the removal rates of TAN and TN were higher in all of the strains relative to the B. subtilis. In a feed-additive experiment (5% Kg-1), (i) the growth of fish was higher in all of the 4 bacterial strains with the B. subtilis relative to the commercial feed; (ii) there was no significant growth difference for B. albus and B. safensis relative to the B. subtilis, but growth was higher in P. mariniglutinosa and P. celer. The results indicated that the 4 bacterial strains can be effectively utilized for biological wastewater treatment processes and as aqua-feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyochan Kim
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Korea;
| | - Joo-Young Jung
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Jong-Hee Kwon
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21), Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
- Department of Food Science & Technology, and Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea
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11
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Biochemical and genomic identification of novel thermophilic Bacillus licheniformis strains YNP1-TSU, YNP2-TSU, and YNP3-TSU with potential in 2,3-butanediol production from non-sterile food waste fermentation. FOOD AND BIOPRODUCTS PROCESSING 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbp.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Maina S, Schneider R, Alexandri M, Papapostolou H, Nychas GJ, Koutinas A, Venus J. Volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient as fermentation control parameter to manipulate the production of either acetoin or D-2,3-butanediol using bakery waste. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 335:125155. [PMID: 34015563 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.125155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Revised: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The formation of either acetoin or D-2,3-butanediol (D-BDO) by Bacillus amyloliquefaciens cultivated on bakery waste hydrolysates has been evaluated in bioreactor cultures by varying the volumetric oxygen transfer coefficient (kLa). The highest D-BDO production (55.2 g L-1) was attained in batch fermentations with kLa value of 64 h-1. Batch fermentations performed at 203 h-1 led to the highest productivity (2.16 g L-1h-1) and acetoin production (47.4 g L-1). The utilization of bakery waste hydrolysate in fed-batch cultures conducted at kLa of 110 h-1 led to combined production of acetoin, meso-BDO and D-BDO (103.9 g L-1). Higher kLa value (200 h-1) resulted to 65.9 g L-1 acetoin with 1.57 g L-1h-1 productivity. It has been demonstrated that the kLa value may divert the bacterial metabolism towards high acetoin or D-BDO production during fermentation carried out in crude bakery waste hydrolysates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Maina
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Roland Schneider
- Dept. Bioengineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Maria Alexandri
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece; Dept. Bioengineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Harris Papapostolou
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - George-John Nychas
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
| | - Apostolis Koutinas
- Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece.
| | - Joachim Venus
- Dept. Bioengineering, Leibniz Institute for Agricultural Engineering and Bioeconomy (ATB), Max-Eyth-Allee 100, D-14469 Potsdam, Germany
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Yu D, Lin T, Sutton K, Lord N, Carneiro R, Jin Q, Zhang B, Kuhar T, Rideout S, Ross J, Duncan S, Yin Y, Wang H, Huang H. Chemical Compositions of Edamame Genotypes Grown in Different Locations in the US. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2021.620426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The consumption of edamame [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] in the US has rapidly increased due to its nutritional value and potential health benefits. In this study, 10 edamame genotypes were planted in duplicates in three different locations in the US—Whitethorne, Virginia (VA), Little Rock, Arkansas (AR), and Painter, VA. Edamame samples were harvested at the R6 stage of the bean development when beans filled 80–90% of the pod cavity. Afterward, comprehensive chemical composition analysis, including sugars, alanine, protein, oil, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), starch, ash, and moisture contents, were conducted on powdered samples using standard methods and the total sweetness was calculated based on the measured sugars and alanine contents. Significant effects of the location were observed on all chemical constituents of edamame (p < 0.05). The average performance of the genotypes was higher in Whitethorne for the contents of free sucrose (59.29 mg/g), fructose (11.42 mg/g), glucose (5.38 mg/g), raffinose (5.32 mg/g), stachyose (2.34 mg/g), total sweetness (78.63 mg/g), and starch (15.14%) when compared to Little Rock and Painter. The highest soluble alanine (2.67 mg/g), NDF (9.00%), ash (5.60%), and moisture (70.36%) contents were found on edamame planted in Little Rock while edamame planted in Painter had the highest crude protein (43.11%) and oil (20.33%) contents. Significant effects of genotype were observed on most of the chemical constituents (p < 0.05) except NDF and raffinose. Among the 10 genotypes, R13-5029 consistently had high sucrose content and total sweetness across the three locations, meanwhile it had relatively high protein and fiber contents. Overall, the results indicate that to breed better edamame genotypes in the US, both genotype and planting location should be taken into considerations.
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