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Chen SH, Li ZT, Lai CY, Zhao HP. Enhancing reductive dechlorination of trichloroethylene in bioelectrochemical systems with conductive materials. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 261:119773. [PMID: 39128662 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.119773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
The incorporation of conductive materials to enhance electron transfer in bioelectrochemical systems (BES) is considered a promising approach. However, the specific effects and mechanisms of these materials on trichloroethylene (TCE) reductive dechlorination in BES remains are not fully understood. This study investigated the use of magnetite nanoparticles (MNP) and biochars (BC) as coatings on biocathodes for TCE reduction. Results demonstrated that the average dechlorination rates of MNP-Biocathode (122.89 μM Cl·d-1) and BC-Biocathode (102.88 μM Cl·d-1) were greatly higher than that of Biocathode (78.17 μM Cl·d-1). Based on MATLAB calculation, the dechlorination rate exhibited a more significantly increase in TCE-to-DCE step than the other dechlorination steps. Microbial community analyses revealed an increase in the relative abundance of electroactive and dechlorinating populations (e.g., Pseudomonas, Geobacter, and Desulfovibrio) in MNP-Biocathode and BC-Biocathode. Functional gene analysis via RT-qPCR showed the expression of dehalogenase (RDase) and direct electron transfer (DET) related genes was upregulated with the addition of MNP and BC. These findings suggest that conductive materials might accelerate reductive dechlorination by enhancing DET. The difference of physicochemical characteristics (e.g. particle size and specific surface area), electron transfer enhancement mechanism between MNP and BC as well as the reduction of Fe(III) by hydrogen may explain the superior dechlorination rate observed with MNP-Biocathode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hao Chen
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zheng-Tao Li
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Chun-Yu Lai
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - He-Ping Zhao
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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2
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Willmann A, Tiehm A. Aerobic co-metabolic cis-Dichloroethene degradation with Trichloroethene as primary substrate and effects of concentration ratios. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141000. [PMID: 38135124 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Pollution with chloroethenes threaten groundwater resources worldwide. Cis-Dichloroethene (cDCE) and Trichloroethene (TCE) are widespread pollutants that often occur together at contaminated sites, either as primary discharges or as degradation products of anaerobic dechlorination. In this study, comprehensive microcosm experiments were conducted with groundwater samples of seven sites contaminated with chloroethenes. In total, twelve wells with different pollutant concentrations and chloroethene compositions were sampled, and aerobic microcosms including sterile controls were set up. The results revealed interactions as well as interferences between cDCE and TCE. First, co-metabolic cDCE degradation with TCE as growth substrate was detected for the first time in this work. Transformation yields Ty' (molar ratio of co-substrate degraded to primary substrate degraded) of the degradation process were determined and showed a linear relationship with the cDCE/TCE concentration ratio. At low cDCE/TCE ratio, aerobic metabolic TCE degradation can result in complete cDCE removal due to co-metabolic degradation. Secondly, interfering effects were detected at notable cDCE levels resulting in deceleration of TCE degradation and residual concentrations which were also correlating linearly with the cDCE/TCE concentration ratio. These findings are significant for investigating chloroethene contaminated sites and planning remediation strategies. In particular, the efficiency biological remediation methods in the presence of both pollutants can be evaluated more precisely through the knowledge of interactions and interferences. Our study emphasizes that co-contaminants and possible effects of contaminant mixtures on the degradation rates of individual substances should be considered in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Willmann
- Department of Water Microbiology TZW: DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser, Karlsruher Straße 84, 76139, Karlsruhe, Germany; Working Group Environmental Mineralogy & Environmental System Analysis of the Institute of Applied Geosciences, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Adenauerring 20b, 76131, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andreas Tiehm
- Department of Water Microbiology TZW: DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser, Karlsruher Straße 84, 76139, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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3
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Chen SH, Li ZT, Zhao HP. Bioelectrochemical system accelerates reductive dechlorination through extracellular electron transfer networks. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 235:116645. [PMID: 37442263 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Bioelectrochemical system is considered as a promising approach for enhanced bio-dechlorination. However, the mechanism of extracellular electron transfer in the dechlorinating consortium is still a controversial issue. In this study, bioelectrochemical systems were established with cathode potential settings at -0.30 V (vs. SHE) for trichloroethylene reduction. The average dechlorination rate (102.0 μM Cl·d-1) of biocathode was 1.36 times higher than that of open circuit (74.7 μM Cl·d-1). Electrochemical characterization via cyclic voltammetry illustrated that electrostimulation promoted electrochemical activity for redox reactions. Moreover, bacterial community structure analyses indicated electrical stimulation facilitated the enrichment of electroactive and dechlorinating populations on cathode. Metagenomic and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analyses revealed that direct electron transfer (via electrically conductive pili, multi-heme c-type cytochromes) between Axonexus and Desulfovibrio/cathode and indirect electron transfer (via riboflavin) for Dehalococcoides enhanced dechlorination process in BES. Overall, this study verifies the effectiveness of electrostimulated bio-dechlorination and provides novel insights into the mechanisms of dechlorination process enhancement in bioelectrochemical systems through electron transfer networks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hao Chen
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zheng-Tao Li
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - He-Ping Zhao
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Hertle S, de Boni N, Schell H, Tiehm A. Electrochemical biostimulation of aerobic metabolic TCE degradation in a bioaugmentation approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:107673-107680. [PMID: 37735338 PMCID: PMC10611883 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29839-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
Chloroethenes are globally prevalent groundwater contaminants. Since 2014, TCE has been shown to be degradable in an aerobic metabolic process where it is used as sole energy source and growth substrate by a mixed bacteria culture (SF culture). In 2019, the SF culture was shown to be successfully used in bioaugmentation approaches under field-relevant conditions. In this study, a combined bio-/electro-approach to stimulate the TCE degradation by the SF culture was investigated in laboratory experiments. Column experiments were set up to compare a bioaugmentation approach with an electrochemical biostimulated bioaugmentation approach. Low strength direct current increased the amount of degraded TCE to about 150 % of the control. Through lowering the inflow concentration of oxygen, the effect of the electro-biostimulation in a low oxygen setting confirmed the potential of the bio-electro process for treatment of oxygen-deprived, TCE-contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Hertle
- TZW:DVGW Technologiezentrum Wasser, Department Water Microbiology, Karlsruher Straße 84, 76139, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Nick de Boni
- TZW:DVGW Technologiezentrum Wasser, Department Water Microbiology, Karlsruher Straße 84, 76139, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Heico Schell
- TZW:DVGW Technologiezentrum Wasser, Department Water Microbiology, Karlsruher Straße 84, 76139, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andreas Tiehm
- TZW:DVGW Technologiezentrum Wasser, Department Water Microbiology, Karlsruher Straße 84, 76139, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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Intrinsic and bioaugmented aerobic trichloroethene degradation at seven sites. Heliyon 2023; 9:e13485. [PMID: 36846709 PMCID: PMC9946854 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e13485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Trichloroethene (TCE) is one of the most prevalent contaminants in groundwater pollution worldwide. Aerobic-metabolic degradation of TCE has only recently been discovered at one field site. It has significant advantages over aerobic co-metabolism because no auxiliary substrates are required, and the oxygen demand is considerably lower. This study investigated the intrinsic degradation potential as well as the stimulation potential by bioaugmentation in microcosm experiments with groundwater from seven different sites contaminated with chloroethenes. An enrichment culture metabolizing TCE aerobically served as inoculum. The groundwater samples were inoculated with liquid culture in mineral salts medium as well as with immobilized culture on silica sand. Additionally, some samples were inoculated with groundwater from the site where the enrichment culture originated. The microcosms without inoculum proved the occurrence of aerobic TCE-metabolizing bacteria stimulated by the supply of oxygen in 54% of the groundwater samples. TCE degradation started in most cases after adaptation times of up to 92 d. The doubling time of 24 d indicated comparatively slow growth of the aerobic TCE degrading microorganisms. Bioaugmentation triggered or accelerated TCE-degradation in all microcosms with chlorothene concentrations below 100 mg L-1. All inoculation strategies (liquid and immobilized enrichment culture or addition of groundwater from the active field site) were successful. Our study demonstrates that aerobic-metabolic TCE degradation can occur and be stimulated across a broad hydrogeologic spectrum and should be considered as a viable option for groundwater remediation at TCE-contaminated sites.
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Xing Z, Su X, Zhang X, Zhang L, Zhao T. Direct aerobic oxidation (DAO) of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons: A review of key DAO bacteria, biometabolic pathways and in-situ bioremediation potential. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2022; 162:107165. [PMID: 35278801 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of aquifers and vadose zones with chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons (CAH) is a world-wide issue. Unlike other reactions, direct aerobic oxidation (DAO) of CAHs does not require growth substrates and avoids the generation of toxic by-products. Here, we critically review the current understanding of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons-DAO and its application in bioreactors and at the field scale. According to reports on chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons-DAO bacteria, isolates mainly consisted of Methylobacterium and Proteobacterium. Chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons-DAO bacteria are characterized by tolerance to a high concentration of CAHs and highly efficient removal of CAHs. Trans-1,2-dichloroethylene (t-DCE) is easily transformed biomass for bacteria, followed by 1,2-dichloroethane (1,2-DCA), dichloromethane (DCM), vinyl chloride (VC) and cis-1,2-dichloroethylene (c-DCE). Significant differences in the maximum specific growth rates were observed with different CAHs and biometabolic pathways for DCM, 1,2-DCA, VC and c-DCE degradation have been successfully parsed. Detection of the functional genes etnC and etnE is useful for the determination of active VC DAO bacteria. Additionally, DAO bacteria have been successfully applied to CAHs in new types of bioreactors with satisfactory results. To the best of the authors' knowledge, only one study on DAO-CAHs was conducted in-situ and resulted in 99% CAH removal. Lastly, we put forward future development prospect of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons-DAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilin Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Xia Su
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Xiaoping Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Lijie Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China
| | - Tiantao Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University of Technology, Chongqing 400054, China.
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Salowsky H, Schäfer W, Schneider AL, Müller A, Dreher C, Tiehm A. Beneficial effects of dynamic groundwater flow and redox conditions on Natural Attenuation of mono-, poly-, and NSO-heterocyclic hydrocarbons. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2021; 243:103883. [PMID: 34479119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2021.103883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Natural Attenuation (NA) processes have been demonstrated to reduce pollutant loads at different contaminated groundwater sites world-wide and are increasingly considered in contaminated site management concepts. However, data are mainly available for steady state groundwater flow and stable redox conditions as well as pollutants listed in standard regulatory schemes. In this study, the influence of transient groundwater flow and redox conditions on NA was examined at a former gas works site near the river Rhine in Germany. The investigated 78 pollutants included 40 mono- and polyaromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs, PAHs) and 38 NSO-heterocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NSO-HET). In the highly polluted areas, the MAHs benzene, indene and indane, the PAHs naphthalene, acenaphthene, 1- and 2-methylnaphthalene and the NSO-HET 2-methylquinoline, carbazole, benzothiophene, dibenzofuran and benzofuran were predominant. Pollutant concentrations decreased with increasing distance from the sources of contamination. At the plume fringes, the MAHs benzene and indane, the PAH acenaphthene, the NSO-HET carbazole, 5-methylbenzothiophene, 2- and 3-methylbenzofuran and 2-methyldibenzofuran were predominant, indicating low retention and slow intrinsic biodegradation of these compounds. The influence of surface water on groundwater level, pollutant concentrations, and redox conditions in the monitoring wells was observed with a permanently installed groundwater sensor. The temporary availability of oxygen was observed at the plume fringes, resulting in aerobic and ferric iron reducing biodegradation processes. Field and laboratory data were used to set-up a groundwater flow and reactive transport model used for quantification of the field mass transfer rates. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that NA is effective under transient flow and redox conditions. A conceptual model and reactive transport simulation can facilitate the interpretation of pronounced fluctuations of pollutant concentration in monitoring wells. Based on the analysis of 78 pollutants, indane, indene and several NSO-HET like carbazole, benzothiophene and 2-methyldibenzofuran are recommended for monitoring at tar oil polluted sites, besides EPA-PAHs and BTEX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Salowsky
- Department Water Microbiology, TZW: DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser (German Water Centre), Karlsruher Straße 84, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schäfer
- Steinbeis Transfercenter for Groundwater Modelling, Schustergasse 2, 69168 Wiesloch, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Schneider
- Department Water Microbiology, TZW: DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser (German Water Centre), Karlsruher Straße 84, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Axel Müller
- Department Water Microbiology, TZW: DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser (German Water Centre), Karlsruher Straße 84, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Carolin Dreher
- Department Water Microbiology, TZW: DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser (German Water Centre), Karlsruher Straße 84, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andreas Tiehm
- Department Water Microbiology, TZW: DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser (German Water Centre), Karlsruher Straße 84, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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Li F, Deng D, Zeng L, Abrams S, Li M. Sequential anaerobic and aerobic bioaugmentation for commingled groundwater contamination of trichloroethene and 1,4-dioxane. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 774:145118. [PMID: 33610989 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chlorinated solvents, notably trichloroethene (TCE), and the cyclic ether stabilizer, 1,4-dioxane (dioxane), have been frequently detected commingling in contaminated aquifers. Here we developed a sequential anaerobic and aerobic treatment strategy effective to mitigate the co-contamination of TCE and dioxane, particularly when dioxane is present at ppb levels relevant to many impacted sites. After the primary anaerobic treatment by a halorespiring consortium SDC-9, TCE was effectively removed, though lingering less-chlorinated metabolites, vinyl chloride (VC) and cis-dichloroethene (cDCE). Subsequent aerobic bioaugmentation with Azoarcus sp. DD4, a cometabolic dioxane degrader, demonstrated the ability of DD4 to degrade dioxane at an initial concentration of 20 μg/L to below 0.4 μg/L and its dominance (~7%) in microcosms fed with propane. Even better, DD4 can also transform VC and cDCE in tandem, though cDCE and VC at relatively high concentrations (e.g., 1 mg/L) posed inhibition to propane assimilation and cell growth of DD4. Mutagenesis of DD4 revealed group-2 toluene monooxygenase and group-5 propane monooxygenase are responsible for cDCE and VC co-oxidation, respectively. Overall, we demonstrated the feasibility of a treatment train combining reductive dehalogenation and aerobic co-oxidation processes in tandem to not only effectively clean up prevalent co-contamination of TCE and dioxane at trace levels but also mitigate persistent products (e.g., cDCE and VC) when complete reductive dehalogenation of less-chlorinated ethenes occurs slowly in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Daiyong Deng
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA
| | - Lingke Zeng
- Langan Engineering, Parsippany, NJ 07054, USA
| | | | - Mengyan Li
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, NJ 07102, USA.
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Zalesak M, Ruzicka J, Vicha R, Dvorackova M. Examining aerobic degradation of chloroethenes mixture in consortium composed of Comamonas testosteroni RF2 and Mycobacterium aurum L1. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 269:128770. [PMID: 33139045 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
An environmental isolate Comamonas testosteroni RF2 has been previously described to cometabolize trichloroethene (TCE), 1,2-cis-dichloroethene (cDCE), 1,2-trans-dichloroethene (tDCE), and 1,1-dichloroethene (1,1DCE) when grown on phenol and lactate sodium. In this study, three vinyl chloride (VC) degrading strains, Mycobacterium aurum L1, Pseudomonas putida PS, and Rhodococcus ruber Sm-1 were used to form consortia with the strain RF2 in terms to achieve the removal of VC along with above-mentioned chloroethenes. Degradation assays were performed for a binary mixture of cDCE and VC as well as for a mixture of TCE, all DCEs and VC. The consortium composed of C. testosteroni RF2 and M. aurum L1 showed to be the most efficient towards the removal of cDCE (6.01 mg L-1) in the binary mixture with VC (10 mg L-1) and was capable of efficiently removing chloroethenes in the mixture sample at the initial concentrations of 116 μg L-1 for TCE, 662 μg L-1 for cDCE, 42 μg L-1 for tDCE, 16 μg L-1 for 1,1DCE, and 7 mg L-1 for VC with a removal efficiency of nearly 100% for all of the compounds. Although complete removal of VC took a significantly longer time than the removal of other chloroethenes, the consortium composed of C. testosteroni RF2 and M. aurum L1 displayed strong bioremediation potential for aquifers with downstream contamination characterized by the presence of less chlorinated ethenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Zalesak
- Department of Environment Protection Engineering, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Faculty of Technology, Vavreckova 275, 760 01, Zlin, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Ruzicka
- Department of Environment Protection Engineering, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Faculty of Technology, Vavreckova 275, 760 01, Zlin, Czech Republic.
| | - Robert Vicha
- Department of Chemistry, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Faculty of Technology, Vavreckova 275, 760 01, Zlin, Czech Republic.
| | - Marie Dvorackova
- Department of Environment Protection Engineering, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Faculty of Technology, Vavreckova 275, 760 01, Zlin, Czech Republic.
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Wen LL, Li Y, Zhu L, Zhao HP. Influence of non-dechlorinating microbes on trichloroethene reduction based on vitamin B 12 synthesis in anaerobic cultures. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 259:113947. [PMID: 31931416 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.113947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the YH consortium, an ethene-producing culture, was used to evaluate the effect of vitamin B12 (VB12) on trichloroethene (TCE) dechlorination by transferring the original TCE-reducing culture with or without adding exogenous VB12. Ultra-high performance liquid chromatography - tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was applied to detect the concentrations of VB12 and its lower ligand 5,6-dimethylbenzimidazole (DMB) in the cultures. After three successive VB12 starvation cycles, the dechlorination of TCE stopped mostly at cis-dichloroethene (cDCE), and no ethene was found; methane production increased significantly, and no VB12 was detected. Results suggest that the co-cultured microbes may not be able to provide enough VB12 as a cofactor for the growth of Dehalococcoides in the YH culture, possibly due to the competition for corrinoids between Dehalococcoides and methanogens. The relative abundances of 16 S rRNA gene of Dehalococcoides and reductive dehalogenase genes tceA or vcrA were lower in the cultures without VB12 compared with the cultures with VB12. VB12 limitation changed the microbial community structures of the consortia. In the absence of VB12, the microbial community shifted from dominance of Chloroflexi to Proteobacteria after three consecutive VB12 starvation cycles, and the dechlorinating genus Dehalococcoides declined from 42.9% to 13.5%. In addition, Geobacter, Clostridium, and Desulfovibrio were also present in the cultures without VB12. Furthermore, the abundance of archaea increased under VB12 limited conditions. Methanobacterium and Methanosarcina were the predominant archaea in the culture without VB12.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Lian Wen
- College of Resource and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China; MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yaru Li
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lizhong Zhu
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - He-Ping Zhao
- MOE Key Lab of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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11
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Li Y, Wen LL, Zhao HP, Zhu L. Addition of Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 to the Dehalococcoides-containing culture enhances the trichloroethene dechlorination. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2019; 133:105245. [PMID: 31683156 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2019.105245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dehalococcoides is able to completely dehalogenate tetrachloroethene (PCE) and trichloroethene (TCE) to ethene (ETH). However, the dechlorination efficiency of Dehalococcoides is low and result in the accumulation of toxic intermediates. In this study, Shewanella oneidensis MR-1 (S. oneidensis MR-1) was added to the Dehalococcoides-containing culture and the complete TCE to ETH dechlorination was shortened from 24 days to 16 days. Dehalococcoides-targeted 16S rRNA gene and two model reductive dehalogenase (RDase) genes (tceA and vcrA), responsible for dechlorinating TCE to vinyl chloride (VC) and VC to ETH respectively, were characterized. Results showed that S. oneidensis MR-1 has no effect on the cell growth while the RDase genes expression was up-regulated and the RDase activity of Dehalococcoides was elevated. The mRNA abundance of vcrA increased approximately tenfold along with the increased concentration of vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin). Interestingly, the addition of S. oneidensis MR-1 increased the concentration of vitamin B12 by affecting the microbial community structure. Therefore, the addition of S. oneidensis MR-1 might have a positive effect on regulating the activity of RDase of functional microorganisms and uptake of vitamin B12, and further provided a practical vision of chloroethene dechlorination by the Dehalococcoides-containing culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaru Li
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li-Lian Wen
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; College of Resource and Environmental Science, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - He-Ping Zhao
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lizhong Zhu
- College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution Process and Control, Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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12
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Gaza S, Schmidt KR, Weigold P, Heidinger M, Tiehm A. Aerobic metabolic trichloroethene biodegradation under field-relevant conditions. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 151:343-348. [PMID: 30616046 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2018.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chloroethenes belong to the most widely distributed groundwater contaminants. Since 2014, it has been known that trichloroethene (TCE) can be degraded aerobically and metabolically as growth substrate by a mixed bacterial enrichment culture (named SF culture). In this study, the degradation capabilities under a range of field-relevant conditions were investigated in fixed-bed reactors as well as in batch experiments. Aerobic metabolic TCE degradation was stable over the long term, with degradation optima at 22 °C and pH 7. Degradation of up to 400 μM TCE was observed. The longest starvation period after which degradation of TCE was regained was 112 days. The possible co-contaminants perchloroethene, trans-1,2-dichloroethene, and cis-1,2-dichloroethene did not inhibit TCE degradation, even though they were not degraded themselves. The presence of equimolar amounts of 1,1-dichloroethene and vinyl chloride inhibited TCE degradation. Experiments with groundwater from different chloroethene-contaminated field sites proved the potential of the SF culture for bioaugmentation. Thus, aerobic metabolic TCE degradation should be considered as a promising method for the bioremediation of field sites with TCE as the main contaminant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Gaza
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Water Technology Center, Karlsruher Str. 84, 76139, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Kathrin R Schmidt
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Water Technology Center, Karlsruher Str. 84, 76139, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Pascal Weigold
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Water Technology Center, Karlsruher Str. 84, 76139, Karlsruhe, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Tiehm
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Water Technology Center, Karlsruher Str. 84, 76139, Karlsruhe, Germany.
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Zalesak M, Ruzicka J, Vicha R, Dvorackova M. Cometabolic degradation of dichloroethenes by Comamonas testosteroni RF2. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 186:919-927. [PMID: 28830064 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.07.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
An environmental isolate Comamonas testosteroni strain RF2, which has been found to cometabolize trichloroethene (TCE) in the presence of phenol and sodium lactate as growth substrates, was tested to investigate its capacity for degrading 1,2-cis-dichloroethene (cDCE), 1,2-trans-dichlorothene (tDCE), and 1,1-dichloroethene (1,1DCE). Degradation assays were performed for single DCEs, as well as for a mixture of DCEs with TCE, which resembled contaminated plume in groundwater. RF2 was capable of efficiently removing all three dichloroethenes (DCEs) at the initial aqueous concentrations of 6.01 mg L-1 for cDCE, 3.80 mg L-1 for tDCE and 0.65 mg L-1 for 1,1DCE, with a removal efficiency of 100% for cDCE, 65.8% for tDCE, and 46.8% for 1,1DCE. Furthermore, complete removal of TCE, cDCE and 1,1DCE (122.5 μg L-1, 84.3 μg L-1 and 51.4 μg L-1, respectively) was observed in a mixture sample that also contained 72.33 μg L-1 of tDCE, which was removed to the amount of 72.3%. Moreover, degradation of cDCE (6.01 mg L-1) led to a 93.8% release of inorganic chloride, and 2,2-dichloroacetaldehyde was determined as the first intermediate of cDCE transformation. The findings of this study suggest that the strain RF2 exhibits the potential to remediate groundwater contaminated with less chlorinated ethenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Zalesak
- Department of Environment Protection Engineering, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Faculty of Technology, Vavreckova 275, 760 01, Zlin, Czech Republic.
| | - Jan Ruzicka
- Department of Environment Protection Engineering, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Faculty of Technology, Vavreckova 275, 760 01, Zlin, Czech Republic.
| | - Robert Vicha
- Department of Chemistry, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Faculty of Technology, Vavreckova 275, 760 01, Zlin, Czech Republic.
| | - Marie Dvorackova
- Department of Environment Protection Engineering, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, Faculty of Technology, Vavreckova 275, 760 01, Zlin, Czech Republic.
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Biodegradation and chemotaxis of polychlorinated biphenyls, biphenyls, and their metabolites by Rhodococcus spp. Biodegradation 2017; 29:1-10. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-017-9809-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 10/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Wen LL, Chen JX, Fang JY, Li A, Zhao HP. Effects of 1,1,1-Trichloroethane and Triclocarban on Reductive Dechlorination of Trichloroethene in a TCE-Reducing Culture. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1439. [PMID: 28824572 PMCID: PMC5541058 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorinated compounds were generally present in the environment due to widespread use in the industry. A short-term study was performed to evaluate the effects of 1,1,1- trichloroethane (TCA) and triclocarban (TCC) on trichloroethene (TCE) removal in a reactor fed with lactate as the sole electron donor. Both TCA and TCC inhibited TCE reduction, but the TCC had a more pronounced effect compared to TCA. The TCE-reducing culture, which had never been exposed to TCA before, reductively dechlorinated TCA to 1,1-dichloroethane (DCA). Below 15 μM, TCA had little effect on the transformation of TCE to cis-dichloroethene (DCE); however, the reduction of cis-DCE and vinyl chloride (VC) were more sensitive to TCA, and ethene production was completely inhibited when the concentration of TCA was above 15 μM. In cultures amended with TCC, the reduction of TCE was severely affected, even at concentrations as low as 0.3 μM; all the cultures stalled at VC, and no ethene was detected. The cultures that fully transformed TCE to ethene contained 5.2–8.1% Dehalococcoides. Geobacter and Desulfovibrio, the bacteria capable of partially reducing TCE to DCE, were detected in all cultures, but both represented a larger proportion of the community in TCC-amended cultures. All cultures were dominated by Clostridium_sensu_stricto_7, a genus that belongs to Firmicutes with proportions ranging from 40.9% (in a high TCC (15 μM) culture) to 88.2%. Methanobacteria was detected at levels of 1.1–12.7%, except in cultures added with 15 and 30 μM TCA, in which they only accounted for ∼0.4%. This study implies further environmental factors needed to be considered in the successful bioremediation of TCE in contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Lian Wen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Xian Chen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Yi Fang
- College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
| | - Ang Li
- School of Environment, Harbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin, China
| | - He-Ping Zhao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China.,Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Environmental Safety, Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou, China
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16
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Schmidt N, Page D, Tiehm A. Biodegradation of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disruptors with oxygen, nitrate, manganese (IV), iron (III) and sulfate as electron acceptors. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2017; 203:62-69. [PMID: 28693900 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2017.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/24/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradation of pharmaceuticals and endocrine disrupting compounds was examined in long term batch experiments for a period of two and a half years to obtain more insight into the effects of redox conditions. A mix including lipid lowering agents (e.g. clofibric acid, gemfibrozil), analgesics (e.g. diclofenac, naproxen), beta blockers (e.g. atenolol, propranolol), X-ray contrast media (e.g. diatrizoic acid, iomeprol) as well as the antiepileptic carbamazepine and endocrine disruptors (e.g. bisphenol A, 17α-ethinylestradiol) was analyzed in batch tests in the presence of oxygen, nitrate, manganese (IV), iron (III), and sulfate. Out of the 23 selected substances, 14 showed a degradation of >50% of their initial concentrations under aerobic conditions. The beta blockers propranolol and atenolol and the analgesics pentoxifylline and naproxen showed a removal of >50% under anaerobic conditions. In particular naproxen proved to be degradable with oxygen and under most anaerobic conditions, i.e. with manganese (IV), iron (III), or sulfate. The natural estrogens estriol, estrone and 17β-estradiol showed complete biodegradation under aerobic and nitrate-reducing conditions, with a temporary increase of estrone during transformation of estriol and 17β-estradiol. Transformation of 17β-estradiol under Fe(III)-reducing conditions resulted in an increase of estriol as well. Concentrations of clofibric acid, carbamazepine, iopamidol and diatrizoic acid, known for their recalcitrance in the environment, remained unchanged.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Schmidt
- DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser (TZW), Karlsruher Straße 84, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Declan Page
- CSIRO Land and Water - Waite Campus, Waite Road - Gate 4, Glen Osmond, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Andreas Tiehm
- DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser (TZW), Karlsruher Straße 84, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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Dolinová I, Štrojsová M, Černík M, Němeček J, Macháčková J, Ševců A. Microbial degradation of chloroethenes: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:13262-13283. [PMID: 28378313 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-8867-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Contamination by chloroethenes has a severe negative effect on both the environment and human health. This has prompted intensive remediation activity in recent years, along with research into the efficacy of natural microbial communities for degrading toxic chloroethenes into less harmful compounds. Microbial degradation of chloroethenes can take place either through anaerobic organohalide respiration, where chloroethenes serve as electron acceptors; anaerobic and aerobic metabolic degradation, where chloroethenes are used as electron donors; or anaerobic and aerobic co-metabolic degradation, with chloroethene degradation occurring as a by-product during microbial metabolism of other growth substrates, without energy or carbon benefit. Recent research has focused on optimising these natural processes to serve as effective bioremediation technologies, with particular emphasis on (a) the diversity and role of bacterial groups involved in dechlorination microbial processes, and (b) detection of bacterial enzymes and genes connected with dehalogenation activity. In this review, we summarise the different mechanisms of chloroethene bacterial degradation suitable for bioremediation and provide a list of dechlorinating bacteria. We also provide an up-to-date summary of primers available for detecting functional genes in anaerobic and aerobic bacteria degrading chloroethenes metabolically or co-metabolically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iva Dolinová
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Mechatronics, Informatics and Interdisciplinary Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Štrojsová
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Miroslav Černík
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
- Faculty of Mechatronics, Informatics and Interdisciplinary Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Němeček
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Macháčková
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic
| | - Alena Ševců
- Institute for Nanomaterials, Advanced Technologies and Innovation, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic.
- Faculty of Mechatronics, Informatics and Interdisciplinary Studies, Technical University of Liberec, Studentská 2, 461 17, Liberec, Czech Republic.
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18
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Wen LL, Yang Q, Zhang ZX, Yi YY, Tang Y, Zhao HP. Interaction of perchlorate and trichloroethene bioreductions in mixed anaerobic culture. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 571:11-17. [PMID: 27449607 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.07.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This work evaluated the interaction of perchlorate and trichloroethene (TCE), two common co-contaminants in groundwater, during bioreduction in serum bottles containing synthetic mineral salts media and microbial consortia. TCE at concentrations up to 0.3mM did not significantly affect perchlorate reduction; however, perchlorate concentrations higher than 0.1mM made the reduction of TCE significantly slower. Perchlorate primarily inhibited the reduction of vinyl chloride (VC, a daughter product of TCE) to ethene. Mechanistic analysis showed that the inhibition was mainly because perchlorate reduction is thermodynamically more favorable than reduction of TCE and its daughter products and not because of toxicity due to accumulation of dissolved oxygen produced during perchlorate reduction. As the initial perchlorate concentration increased from 0 to 600mg/L in a set of serum bottles, the relative abundance of Rhodocyclaceae (a putatively perchlorate-reducing genus) increased from 6.3 to 80.6%, while the relative abundance of Dehalococcoides, the only known genus that is able to reduce TCE all the way to ethene, significantly decreased. Similarly, the relative abundance of Proteobacteria (a phylum to which most known perchlorate-reducing bacteria belong) increased from 22% to almost 80%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Lian Wen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Prov Key Lab Water Pollut Control & Envi, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiang Yang
- Hangzhou Institute of Environmental Protection Science, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhao-Xin Zhang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yang-Yi Yi
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Youneng Tang
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310-6046, USA
| | - He-Ping Zhao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, College of Environmental and Resource Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China; Zhejiang Prov Key Lab Water Pollut Control & Envi, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Hangzhou Institute of Environmental Protection Science, Hangzhou, China.
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Gaza S, Felgner A, Otto J, Kushmaro A, Ben-Dov E, Tiehm A. Biodegradation of chloro- and bromobenzoic acids: effect of milieu conditions and microbial community analysis. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 287:24-31. [PMID: 25625627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2014] [Revised: 12/23/2014] [Accepted: 01/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Monohalogenated benzoic acids often appear in industrial wastewaters where biodegradation can be hampered by complex mixtures of pollutants and prevailing extreme milieu conditions. In this study, the biodegradation of chlorinated and brominated benzoic acids was conducted at a pH range of 5.0-9.0, at elevated salt concentrations and with pollutant mixtures including fluorinated and iodinated compounds. In mixtures of the isomers, the degradation order was primarily 4-substituted followed by 3-substituted and then 2-substituted halogenated benzoic acids. If the pH and salt concentration were altered simultaneously, long adaptation periods were required. Community analyses were conducted in liquid batch cultures and after immobilization on sand columns. The Alphaproteobacteria represented an important fraction in all of the enrichment cultures. On the genus level, Afipia sp. was detected most frequently. In particular, Bacteroidetes were detected in high numbers with chlorinated benzoic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Gaza
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Water Technology Center, Karlsruher Str. 84, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Annika Felgner
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Water Technology Center, Karlsruher Str. 84, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Johannes Otto
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Water Technology Center, Karlsruher Str. 84, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany.
| | - Ariel Kushmaro
- Department of Biotechnology Engineering, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; The National Institute for Biotechnology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; School of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore.
| | - Eitan Ben-Dov
- The National Institute for Biotechnology, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O. Box 653, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel; Achva Academic College, M.P. Shikmim 79800, Israel.
| | - Andreas Tiehm
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Water Technology Center, Karlsruher Str. 84, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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20
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Frascari D, Zanaroli G, Danko AS. In situ aerobic cometabolism of chlorinated solvents: a review. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2014; 283:382-399. [PMID: 25306537 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.09.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2014] [Revised: 09/04/2014] [Accepted: 09/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The possible approaches for in situ aerobic cometabolism of aquifers and vadose zones contaminated by chlorinated solvents are critically evaluated. Bioaugmentation of resting-cells previously grown in a fermenter and in-well addition of oxygen and growth substrate appear to be the most promising approaches for aquifer bioremediation. Other solutions involving the sparging of air lead to satisfactory pollutant removals, but must be integrated by the extraction and subsequent treatment of vapors to avoid the dispersion of volatile chlorinated solvents in the atmosphere. Cometabolic bioventing is the only possible approach for the aerobic cometabolic bioremediation of the vadose zone. The examined studies indicate that in situ aerobic cometabolism leads to the biodegradation of a wide range of chlorinated solvents within remediation times that vary between 1 and 17 months. Numerous studies include a simulation of the experimental field data. The modeling of the process attained a high reliability, and represents a crucial tool for the elaboration of field data obtained in pilot tests and for the design of the full-scale systems. Further research is needed to attain higher concentrations of chlorinated solvent degrading microbes and more reliable cost estimates. Lastly, a procedure for the design of full-scale in situ aerobic cometabolic bioremediation processes is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Frascari
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Giulio Zanaroli
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering, University of Bologna, Via Terracini 28, 40131 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Anthony S Danko
- Geo-Environmental and Resources Research Center, Department of Mining Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; Centre for Natural Resources and the Environment (CERENA), Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal.
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21
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Schmidt KR, Gaza S, Voropaev A, Ertl S, Tiehm A. Aerobic biodegradation of trichloroethene without auxiliary substrates. WATER RESEARCH 2014; 59:112-118. [PMID: 24793109 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2013] [Revised: 03/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Trichloroethene (TCE) represents a priority pollutant and is among the most frequently detected contaminants in groundwater. The current bioremediation measures have certain drawbacks like e.g. the need for auxiliary substrates. Here, the aerobic biodegradation of TCE as the sole growth substrate is demonstrated. This new process of metabolic TCE degradation was first detected in groundwater samples. TCE degradation was stable in an enriched mixed bacterial culture in mineral salts medium for over five years and repeated transfers of the culture resulting in a 10(10) times dilution of the original groundwater. Aerobic TCE degradation resulted in stoichiometric chloride formation. Stable carbon isotope fractionation was observed providing a reliable analytical tool to assess this new biodegradation process at field sites. The results suggest that aerobic biodegradation of TCE without auxiliary substrate could be considered as an option for natural attenuation or engineered bioremediation of contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin R Schmidt
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Water Technology Center, Karlsruher Str. 84, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Sarah Gaza
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Water Technology Center, Karlsruher Str. 84, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Andrey Voropaev
- Hydroisotop GmbH, Woelkestr. 9, 85301 Schweitenkirchen, Germany
| | - Siegmund Ertl
- Hydroisotop GmbH, Woelkestr. 9, 85301 Schweitenkirchen, Germany
| | - Andreas Tiehm
- Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Water Technology Center, Karlsruher Str. 84, 76139 Karlsruhe, Germany.
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22
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Kranzioch I, Stoll C, Holbach A, Chen H, Wang L, Zheng B, Norra S, Bi Y, Schramm KW, Tiehm A. Dechlorination and organohalide-respiring bacteria dynamics in sediment samples of the Yangtze Three Gorges Reservoir. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 20:7046-7056. [PMID: 23423867 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-1545-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Several groups of bacteria such as Dehalococcoides spp., Dehalobacter spp., Desulfomonile spp., Desulfuromonas spp., or Desulfitobacterium spp. are able to dehalogenate chlorinated pollutants such as chloroethenes, chlorobenzenes, or polychlorinated biphenyls under anaerobic conditions. In order to assess the dechlorination potential in Yangtze sediment samples, the presence and activity of the reductively dechlorinating bacteria were studied in anaerobic batch tests. Eighteen sediment samples were taken in the Three Gorges Reservoir catchment area of the Yangtze River, including the tributaries Jialing River, Daning River, and Xiangxi River. Polymerase chain reaction analysis indicated the presence of dechlorinating bacteria in most samples, with varying dechlorinating microbial community compositions at different sampling locations. Subsequently, anaerobic reductive dechlorination of tetrachloroethene (PCE) was tested after the addition of electron donors. Most cultures dechlorinated PCE completely to ethene via cis-dichloroethene (cis-DCE) or trans-dichloroethene. Dehalogenating activity corresponded to increasing numbers of Dehalobacter spp., Desulfomonile spp., Desulfitobacterium spp., or Dehalococcoides spp. If no bacteria of the genus Dehalococcoides spp. were present in the sediment, reductive dechlorination stopped at cis-DCE. Our results demonstrate the presence of viable dechlorinating bacteria in Yangtze samples, indicating their relevance for pollutant turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Kranzioch
- Department Environmental Biotechnology, DVGW-Technologiezentrum Wasser (TZW), Karlsruher Straße 84, 76139, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Lohner ST, Becker D, Mangold KM, Tiehm A. Sequential reductive and oxidative biodegradation of chloroethenes stimulated in a coupled bioelectro-process. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:6491-6497. [PMID: 21678913 DOI: 10.1021/es200801r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This article for the first time demonstrates successful application of electrochemical processes to stimulate sequential reductive/oxidative microbial degradation of perchloroethene (PCE) in mineral medium and in contaminated groundwater. In a flow-through column system, hydrogen generation at the cathode supported reductive dechlorination of PCE to cis-dichloroethene (cDCE), vinyl chloride (VC), and ethene (ETH). Electrolytically generated oxygen at the anode allowed subsequent oxidative degradation of the lower chlorinated metabolites. Aerobic cometabolic degradation of cDCE proved to be the bottleneck for complete metabolite elimination. Total removal of chloroethenes was demonstrated for a PCE load of approximately 1.5 μmol/d. In mineral medium, long-term operation with stainless steel electrodes was demonstrated for more than 300 days. In contaminated groundwater, corrosion of the stainless steel anode occurred, whereas DSA (dimensionally stable anodes) proved to be stable. Precipitation of calcareous deposits was observed at the cathode, resulting in a higher voltage demand and reduced dechlorination activity. With DSA and groundwater from a contaminated site, complete degradation of chloroethenes in groundwater was obtained for two months thus demonstrating the feasibility of the sequential bioelectro-approach for field application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svenja T Lohner
- Water Technology Center, Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Karlsruhe, Germany
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24
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Tiehm A, Schmidt KR. Sequential anaerobic/aerobic biodegradation of chloroethenes—aspects of field application. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2011; 22:415-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2011.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2010] [Revised: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 02/03/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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25
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Biodegradation of vinyl chloride, cis-dichloroethene and 1,2-dichloroethane in the alkene/alkane-oxidising Mycobacterium strain NBB4. Biodegradation 2011; 22:1095-108. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-011-9466-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Accepted: 02/21/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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