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Sonawane AV, Murthy Z. Aeration model for submerged membrane bioreactor – Characterization, oxygen transfer rate, pollutant removal, and energy consumption. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Nadeem K, Alliet M, Plana Q, Bernier J, Azimi S, Rocher V, Albasi C. Modeling, simulation and control of biological and chemical P-removal processes for membrane bioreactors (MBRs) from lab to full-scale applications: State of the art. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 809:151109. [PMID: 34688739 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) removal from the domestic wastewater is required to counter the eutrophication in receiving water bodies and is mandated by the regulatory frameworks in several countries with discharge limits within 1-2mgPL-1. Operating at higher sludge retention time (SRT) and higher biomass concentration than the conventional activated sludge process (CASP), membrane bioreactors (MBRs) are able to remove 70-98% phosphorus without addition of coagulant. In full-scale facilities, enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) is assisted by the addition of metal coagulant to ensure >95% P-removal. MBRs are successfully used for super-large-scale wastewater treatment facilities (capacity >100,000 m3d-1). This paper documents the knowledge of P-removal modeling from lab to full-scale submerged MBRs and assesses the existing mathematical models for P-removal from domestic wastewater. There are still limited studies involving integrated modeling of the MBRs (full/super large-scale), considering the complex interactions among biology, chemical addition, filtration, and fouling. This paper analyses the design configurations and the parameters affecting the biological and chemical P-removal in MBRs to understand the P-removal process sensitivity and their implications for the modeling studies. Furthermore, it thoroughly reviews the applications of bio-kinetic and chemical precipitation models to MBRs for assessing their effectiveness with default stoichiometric and kinetic parameters and the extent to which these parameters have been calibrated/adjusted to simulate the P-removal successfully. It also presents a brief overview and comparison of seven (7) chemical precipitation models, along with a quick comparison of commercially available simulators. In addition to advantages associated with chemical precipitation for P-removal, its role in changing the relative abundance of the microbial community responsible for P-removal and denitrification and the controversial role in fouling mitigation/increase are discussed. Lastly, it encompasses several coagulant dosing control systems and their applications in the pilot to full-scale facilities to save coagulants and optimize the P-removal performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashif Nadeem
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Marion Alliet
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
| | - Queralt Plana
- Parisian Sanitation Public Service (SIAAP), Direction Innovation, 92700 Colombes, France
| | - Jean Bernier
- Parisian Sanitation Public Service (SIAAP), Direction Innovation, 92700 Colombes, France
| | - Sam Azimi
- Parisian Sanitation Public Service (SIAAP), Direction Innovation, 92700 Colombes, France.
| | - Vincent Rocher
- Parisian Sanitation Public Service (SIAAP), Direction Innovation, 92700 Colombes, France.
| | - Claire Albasi
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
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Checa Fernández A, Ruiz LM, Pérez JI, Gómez M. Influence of activated sludge dissolved oxygen concentration on a membrane bioreactor performance with intermittent aeration. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND HEALTH. PART A, TOXIC/HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCES & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING 2021; 56:953-962. [PMID: 34187317 DOI: 10.1080/10934529.2021.1944834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study measured the effect of low activated sludge dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration on a membrane bioreactor (MBR) treating real urban wastewater with respect to organic matter and nitrogen removal efficiency and transmembrane pressure evolution. For this purpose, a full-scale experimental pre-denitrification MBR system was operated at a constant permeate flow rate of Q = 0.45 m3h-1 with intermittent aeration. The experimental installation worked at high hydraulic retention time, variable sludge retention time and with activated sludge temperatures of between 22.0 to 31.3 °C. Mean DO concentrations in the activated sludge were gradually decreased from 1.25 mgO2L-1 to less than 0.20 mgO2L-1. Variations in DO set points did not affect the main operational parameters of the MBR system and no clear relation was shown between DO concentration decrease and membrane fouling. At DO concentrations lower than 0.2 mgO2L-1, a deterioration in MBR effluent quality was observed, mainly with respect to chemical oxygen demand, biochemical oxygen demand at five days and NH4+, however, the opposite effect was observed for NO3-. These results indicate that employing low DO set points is a promising strategy for application in MBR systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Checa Fernández
- Technologies for Water Management and Treatment Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, and Water Research Institute, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Luz Marina Ruiz
- Technologies for Water Management and Treatment Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, and Water Research Institute, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Jorge Ignacio Pérez
- Technologies for Water Management and Treatment Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, and Water Research Institute, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Miguel Gómez
- Technologies for Water Management and Treatment Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, and Water Research Institute, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
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Xu B, Albert Ng TC, Huang S, Shi X, Ng HY. Feasibility of isolated novel facultative quorum quenching consortiums for fouling control in an AnMBR. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 114:151-180. [PMID: 31706123 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 478] [Impact Index Per Article: 119.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR) technology is being recognized as an appealing strategy for wastewater treatment, however, severity of membrane fouling inhibits its widespread implementations. This study engineered novel facultative quorum quenching consortiums (FQQs) coping with membrane fouling in AnMBRs with preliminary analysis for their quorum quenching (QQ) performances. Herein, Acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs)-based quorum sensing (QS) in a lab-scale AnMBR initially revealed that N-Hexanoyl-dl-homoserine lactone (C6-HSL), N-Octanoyl-dl-homoserine lactone (C8-HSL) and N-Decanoyl-dl-homoserine lactone (C10-HSL) were the dominant AHLs in AnMBRs in this study. Three FQQs, namely, FQQ-C6, FQQ-C8 and FQQ-C10, were harvested after anaerobic screening of aerobic QQ consortiums (AeQQs) which were isolated by enrichment culture, aiming to degrade C6-HSL, C8-HSL and C10-HSL, respectively. Growth of FQQ-C6 and FQQ-C10 using AHLs as carbon source under anaerobic condition was significantly faster than those using acetate, congruously suggesting that their QQ performance will not be compromised in AnMBRs. All FQQs degraded a wide range of AHLs pinpointing their extensive QQ ability. FQQ-C6, FQQ-C8 and FQQ-C10 remarkably alleviated extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) production in a lab-scale AnMBR by 72.46%, 35.89% and 65.88%, respectively, and FQQ-C6 retarded membrane fouling of the AnMBR by 2 times. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that there was a major shift in dominant species from AeQQs to FQQs where Comamonas sp., Klebsiella sp., Stenotrophomonas sp. and Ochrobactrum sp. survived after anaerobic screening and were the majority in FQQs. High growth rate utilizing AHLs under anaerobic condition and enormous EPS retardation efficiency in FQQ-C6 and FQQ-C10 could be attributed to Comamonas sp.. These findings demonstrated that FQQs could be leveraged for QQ under anaerobic systems. We believe that this was the first work proposing a bacterial pool of facultative QQ candidates holding biotechnological promises for membrane fouling control in AnMBRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyan Xu
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore, 117576
| | - Tze Chiang Albert Ng
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore, 117576
| | - Shujuan Huang
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore, 117576
| | - Xueqing Shi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao University of Technology, 11 Fushun Road, Qingdao, 266033, PR China
| | - How Yong Ng
- Centre for Water Research, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, National University of Singapore, 1 Engineering Drive 2, Singapore, 117576; National University of Singapore Environmental Research Institute, 5A Engineering Drive 1, 117411, Singapore.
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Liu X, Dai J, Ng TL, Chen G. Evaluation of potential environmental benefits from seawater toilet flushing. WATER RESEARCH 2019; 162:505-515. [PMID: 31310889 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2019.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Water scarcity has become a global issue that has forced many communities to seek alternative water resources. The majority of water on the earth's surface comes from the sea. Seawater has the potential to mitigate water stress after proper treatment. In Hong Kong, seawater has been used directly for toilet flushing for more than 50 years and the seawater toilet flushing (SWTF) system serves 80% of the residents. However, its environmental feasibility remains unknown. This study is a pioneer evaluating the environmental performances of the SWTF system by comparing SWTF with other alternative water resources including desalinated seawater, desalinated wastewater effluent, centralized wastewater reclamation and on-site greywater reclamation systems, while the conventional long-distance imported water scenario is set as the baseline for comparison. This evaluation is first conducted in the Southern District and North New Territory in Hong Kong, demonstrating SWTF is significantly more environmentally-friendly than other alternative water resources, which is the only alternative water resource application approach with environmental impacts comparable with the conventional long-distance imported water scenario. On the contrary, other alternative water resources application approaches would result in additional environmental impacts. Seaside distances and effective population density are two major geographical impact factors effecting the environmental impacts of different water systems in these two districts. The benefits obtained from SWTF in fourteen cities in South China are further investigated. It is confirmed that SWTF can significantly relieve water stress with the lowest environmental impacts comparing with other alternative options in these cities if alternative water resources must be applied for domestic usage. However, the assessment from different aspects should be further conducted to compare these alternative water resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Water Technology Center, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ji Dai
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Water Technology Center, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Tze-Ling Ng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Guanghao Chen
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China; Water Technology Center, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Control & Treatment of Heavy Metal Pollution, The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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Modeling of Wastewater Treatment Processes in Membrane Bioreactors Compared to Conventional Activated Sludge Systems. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7050285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane techniques constitute an interesting alternative to conventional activated sludge systems (CAS). In membrane bioreactors (MBR), the biomass separated on membranes is retained independently of sludge sedimentation properties. As a consequence, a high biomass concentration as well as low food to microorganisms ratio can be obtained. Moreover, the development of a characteristic activated sludge population is stimulated by the specific conditions prevailing in MBRs. In the study, the operation and treatment efficiency of the MBR and CAS processes were examined and compared. Simulation was performed with the use of GPS-X software. The effluent quality obtained for the MBR system was either better or comparable to that of CAS. The most significant difference concerned the elimination of total suspended solids, which amounted to 99.8% in the MBR. Regarding nutrients, a low concentration of total phosphorus in the effluent from CAS and MBR was obtained (0.67 gP m−3 and 0.50 gP m−3, respectively). Greater differences were achieved in the case of total nitrogen. Although almost complete nitrification took place in both systems, a lower concentration of nitrate in the effluent from MBR in comparison to CAS, i.e., 11.2 gN m−3 and 14.1 gN m−3, respectively, allowed us to obtain a higher removal of total nitrogen (80.8% and 76.1%, respectively).
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Arnaldos M, Rehman U, Naessens W, Amerlinck Y, Nopens I. Understanding the effects of bulk mixing on the determination of the affinity index: consequences for process operation and design. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2018; 77:576-588. [PMID: 29431702 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The main objective of this study is to demonstrate the importance of mixing conditions as a source of inconsistencies between half-saturation indices in comparable systems (e.g. conventional activated sludge, membrane bioreactor) when operated at different conditions or different scales. As proof-of-principle, an exemplary system consisting of the second vessel of a hybrid respirometer has been studied. The system has been modeled both using an integrated computational fluid dynamics (CFD)-biokinetic model (assumed to represent the physical system) and a tanks-in-series, completely stirred tank reactor biokinetic model (representing the applied model). The results show that different mixing conditions cause deviations in the half-saturation indices calculated when matching the applied model to the physical system performance. Additionally, sensor location has been shown to impact the calculation of half-saturation indices in the respirometric system. This will only become more pronounced at larger scales. Thus, mixing conditions clearly affect operation and design of wastewater treatment reactors operated at low substrate concentrations. Both operation and design can be improved with the development and application of integrated CFD-biokinetic or compartmental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Arnaldos
- Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bioinformatics, BIOMATH, Coupure Links 653, Gent 9000, Belgium E-mail: ; Cetaqua Water Technology Center, Carretera d'Esplugues 75, 08940 Cornella de Llobregat, Barcelona, 22, El Prat del Llobregat (Barcelona) 08820, Spain
| | - Usman Rehman
- Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bioinformatics, BIOMATH, Coupure Links 653, Gent 9000, Belgium E-mail:
| | - Wouter Naessens
- Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bioinformatics, BIOMATH, Coupure Links 653, Gent 9000, Belgium E-mail:
| | - Youri Amerlinck
- Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bioinformatics, BIOMATH, Coupure Links 653, Gent 9000, Belgium E-mail:
| | - Ingmar Nopens
- Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bioinformatics, BIOMATH, Coupure Links 653, Gent 9000, Belgium E-mail:
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Hu K, Fiedler T, Blanco L, Geissen SU, Prieto D, Blanco A, Negro C, Swinnen N. Model-based energy and uncertainty analysis of membrane bioreactor to treat PVC production site wastewater. Biochem Eng J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Kang W, Chai H, Xiang Y, Chen W, Shao Z, He Q. Assessment of low concentration wastewater treatment operations with dewatered alum sludge-based sequencing batch constructed wetland system. Sci Rep 2017; 7:17497. [PMID: 29235527 PMCID: PMC5727494 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-17783-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Competition of volatile fatty acids between anoxic denitrification and anaerobic phosphorus release is prominent. Therefore, low concentration wastewater has restricted effects on nitrogen and phosphorus removal. The purpose of this study is to treat dormitory sewage with a biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) ranging from 50 to 150 mg/L using dewatered alum sludge-based sequencing batch constructed wetland system. Vegetation in the wetland system was chosen to be Phragmites australis. Three parallel cases were carried out to assess impacts due to different hydraulic retention time (HRT) and artificial aeration. The results showed that this system is effective in removing total nitrogen (TN), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total phosphorus (TP) under different HRT. However, nitrous oxide (N2O) emission poses to be the greatest challenge in the high HRT cases. Artificial aeration could reduce N2O emission but is associated with high operational cost. Results indicate that dewatered alum sludge-based sequencing batch constructed wetland system is a promising bio-measure in the treatment of low concentration wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Kang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China.,National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China
| | - Hongxiang Chai
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China. .,National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China.
| | - Yu Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China.,National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China.,National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China
| | - Zhiyu Shao
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China.,National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China
| | - Qiang He
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China.,National Centre for International Research of Low-carbon and Green Buildings, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 400045, P.R. China
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Rehman U, Audenaert W, Amerlinck Y, Maere T, Arnaldos M, Nopens I. How well-mixed is well mixed? Hydrodynamic-biokinetic model integration in an aerated tank of a full-scale water resource recovery facility. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2017; 76:1950-1965. [PMID: 29068327 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Current water resource recovery facility (WRRF) models only consider local concentration variations caused by inadequate mixing to a very limited extent, which often leads to a need for (rigorous) calibration. The main objective of this study is to visualize local impacts of mixing by developing an integrated hydrodynamic-biokinetic model for an aeration compartment of a full-scale WRRF. Such a model is able to predict local variations in concentrations and thus allows judging their importance at a process level. In order to achieve this, full-scale hydrodynamics have been simulated using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) through a detailed description of the gas and liquid phases and validated experimentally. In a second step, full ASM1 biokinetic model was integrated with the CFD model to account for the impact of mixing at the process level. The integrated model was subsequently used to evaluate effects of changing influent and aeration flows on process performance. Regions of poor mixing resulting in non-uniform substrate distributions were observed even in areas commonly assumed to be well-mixed. The concept of concentration distribution plots was introduced to quantify and clearly present spatial variations in local process concentrations. Moreover, the results of the CFD-biokinetic model were concisely compared with a conventional tanks-in-series (TIS) approach. It was found that TIS model needs calibration and a single parameter set does not suffice to describe the system under both dry and wet weather conditions. Finally, it was concluded that local mixing conditions have significant consequences in terms of optimal sensor location, control system design and process evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usman Rehman
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-Informatics, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium E-mail:
| | - Wim Audenaert
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-Informatics, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium E-mail:
| | - Youri Amerlinck
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-Informatics, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium E-mail:
| | - Thomas Maere
- modelEAU, Département de génie civil et de génie des eaux, Université Laval, 1065 Avenue de la Médecine, Québec, QC, G1 V 0A6 Canada
| | - Marina Arnaldos
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-Informatics, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium E-mail: ; Acciona Agua S.A., R&D Department, Av. De les Garrigues 22, El Prat del Llobregat, Barcelona 08820, Spain
| | - Ingmar Nopens
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-Informatics, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, Ghent 9000, Belgium E-mail:
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Mitigation Options for Future Water Scarcity: A Case Study in Santa Cruz Island (Galapagos Archipelago). WATER 2017. [DOI: 10.3390/w9080597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Zhu Z, Wang R, Li Y. Evaluation of the control strategy for aeration energy reduction in a nutrient removing wastewater treatment plant based on the coupling of ASM1 to an aeration model. Biochem Eng J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2017.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Odriozola J, Beltrán S, Dalmau M, Sancho L, Comas J, Rodríguez-Roda I, Ayesa E. Model-based methodology for the design of optimal control strategies in MBR plants. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2017; 75:2546-2553. [PMID: 28617273 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2017.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper proposes a model-based methodology that allows synthesising the most appropriate strategies for optimising the operation of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The methodology is applied with the aim of maximising the nitrogen removal in membrane bioreactors (MBRs). The proposed procedure is based on a systematic approach composed of four steps. First, a sensitivity analysis of the input variables is carried out in order to obtain a first assessment of the potential for operational improvements. Then, the optimum input variable values are calculated by a model-based optimisation algorithm that minimises a cost function associated with the effluent total nitrogen at different temperatures. Then, the optimum operational strategies are identified. Finally, these operational strategies form the conceptual knowledge base for designing automatic control laws. The obtained optimal control strategies have shown a significant improvement in performance in comparison with fixed operation for the studied case, reducing the total nitrogen by 40%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Odriozola
- Vicomtech, Paseo Mikeletegi 57, Parque Científico y Tecnológico de Gipuzkoa, 20009 San Sebastián, Spain E-mail:
| | - Sergio Beltrán
- CEIT and Tecnun (University of Navarra), Manuel de Lardizábal 15, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Montse Dalmau
- LEQUIA, Laboratory of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Girona, Campus de Montilivi, E-17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Luis Sancho
- CEIT and Tecnun (University of Navarra), Manuel de Lardizábal 15, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Joaquim Comas
- LEQUIA, Laboratory of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Girona, Campus de Montilivi, E-17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain; ICRA (Catalan Institute for Water Research), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, H2O Building. c/ Emili Grahit 101, E17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Ignasi Rodríguez-Roda
- LEQUIA, Laboratory of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Girona, Campus de Montilivi, E-17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain; ICRA (Catalan Institute for Water Research), Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, H2O Building. c/ Emili Grahit 101, E17003 Girona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Eduardo Ayesa
- CEIT and Tecnun (University of Navarra), Manuel de Lardizábal 15, 20018 San Sebastián, Spain
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Atanasova N, Dalmau M, Comas J, Poch M, Rodriguez-Roda I, Buttiglieri G. Optimized MBR for greywater reuse systems in hotel facilities. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 193:503-511. [PMID: 28249760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2016] [Revised: 01/26/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Greywater is an important alternative water source, particularly in semi-arid, touristic areas, where the biggest water demand is usually in the dry period. By using this source wisely, tourist facilities can substantially reduce the pressure to scarce water resources. In densely urbanized touristic areas, where space has high value, compact solutions such as MBR based greywater reuse systems appear very appropriate. This research focuses on technical and economical evaluation of such solution by implementing a pilot MBR to a hotel with separated grey water. The pilot was operated for 6 months, with thorough characterisation of the GW performed, its operation was monitored and its energy consumption was optimized by applying a control system for the air scour. Based on the pilot operation a design and economic model was set to estimate the feasibility (CAPEX, OPEX, payback period of investment) of appropriate scales of MBR based GW systems, including separation of GW, MBR technology, clean water storage and disinfection. The model takes into account water and energy prices in Spain and a planning period of 20 years. The results demonstrated an excellent performance in terms of effluent quality, while the energy demand for air-scour was reduced by up to 35.2%, compared to the manufacturer recommendations. Economical evaluation of the entire MBR based GW reuse system shows its feasibility for sizes already at 5 m3/day (60 PE). The payback period of the investment for hotels like the demonstration hotel, treating 30 m3/day is 3 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasa Atanasova
- LEQUiA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, E-17071, Girona, Spain.
| | - Montserrat Dalmau
- LEQUiA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, E-17071, Girona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Comas
- LEQUiA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, E-17071, Girona, Spain; ICRA, Catalan Institute for Water Research, Parc Científic Tecnològic de la UdG, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Manel Poch
- LEQUiA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, E-17071, Girona, Spain
| | - Ignasi Rodriguez-Roda
- LEQUiA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, E-17071, Girona, Spain; ICRA, Catalan Institute for Water Research, Parc Científic Tecnològic de la UdG, 17003, Girona, Spain
| | - Gianluigi Buttiglieri
- ICRA, Catalan Institute for Water Research, Parc Científic Tecnològic de la UdG, 17003, Girona, Spain
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15
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Juntawang C, Rongsayamanont C, Khan E. Fouling characterization in entrapped cells-based-membrane bioreactor treating wastewater. Sep Purif Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2016.11.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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16
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Sun J, Liang P, Yan X, Zuo K, Xiao K, Xia J, Qiu Y, Wu Q, Wu S, Huang X, Qi M, Wen X. Reducing aeration energy consumption in a large-scale membrane bioreactor: Process simulation and engineering application. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 93:205-213. [PMID: 26905799 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2015] [Revised: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Reducing the energy consumption of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) is highly important for their wider application in wastewater treatment engineering. Of particular significance is reducing aeration in aerobic tanks to reduce the overall energy consumption. This study proposed an in situ ammonia-N-based feedback control strategy for aeration in aerobic tanks; this was tested via model simulation and through a large-scale (50,000 m(3)/d) engineering application. A full-scale MBR model was developed based on the activated sludge model (ASM) and was calibrated to the actual MBR. The aeration control strategy took the form of a two-step cascaded proportion-integration (PI) feedback algorithm. Algorithmic parameters were optimized via model simulation. The strategy achieved real-time adjustment of aeration amounts based on feedback from effluent quality (i.e., ammonia-N). The effectiveness of the strategy was evaluated through both the model platform and the full-scale engineering application. In the former, the aeration flow rate was reduced by 15-20%. In the engineering application, the aeration flow rate was reduced by 20%, and overall specific energy consumption correspondingly reduced by 4% to 0.45 kWh/m(3)-effluent, using the present practice of regulating the angle of guide vanes of fixed-frequency blowers. Potential energy savings are expected to be higher for MBRs with variable-frequency blowers. This study indicated that the ammonia-N-based aeration control strategy holds promise for application in full-scale MBRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyu Sun
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Peng Liang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaoxu Yan
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kuichang Zuo
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Kang Xiao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China; College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
| | - Junlin Xia
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Yong Qiu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Qing Wu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Shijia Wu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xia Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Meng Qi
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xianghua Wen
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
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17
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Arnaldos M, Amerlinck Y, Rehman U, Maere T, Van Hoey S, Naessens W, Nopens I. From the affinity constant to the half-saturation index: understanding conventional modeling concepts in novel wastewater treatment processes. WATER RESEARCH 2015; 70:458-470. [PMID: 25576693 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2014.11.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The "affinity constant" (KS) concept is applied in wastewater treatment models to incorporate the effect of substrate limitation on process performance. As an increasing number of wastewater treatment processes rely on low substrate concentrations, a proper understanding of these so-called constants is critical in order to soundly model and evaluate emerging treatment systems. In this paper, an in-depth analysis of the KS concept has been carried out, focusing on the different physical and biological phenomena that affect its observed value. By structuring the factors influencing half-saturation indices (newly proposed nomenclature) into advectional, diffusional and biological, light has been shed onto some of the apparent inconsistencies present in the literature. Particularly, the importance of non-ideal mixing as a source of variability between observed KS values in different systems has been illustrated. Additionally, discussion on the differences existent between substrates that affect half-saturation indices has been carried out; it has been shown that the observed KS for some substrates will reflect transport or biological limitations more than others. Finally, potential modeling strategies that could alleviate the shortcomings of the KS concept have been provided. These could be of special importance when considering the evaluation and design of emerging wastewater treatment processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Arnaldos
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-informatics, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium; Acciona Agua S.A., R&D Department, Av. De les Garrigues 22, 08820 El Prat del Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Youri Amerlinck
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-informatics, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Usman Rehman
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-informatics, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Thomas Maere
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-informatics, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Stijn Van Hoey
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-informatics, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Wouter Naessens
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-informatics, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Ingmar Nopens
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bio-informatics, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Gent, Belgium.
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18
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Dalmau M, Monclús H, Gabarrón S, Rodriguez-Roda I, Comas J. Towards integrated operation of membrane bioreactors: effects of aeration on biological and filtration performance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 171:103-112. [PMID: 25189515 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Two experimental studies evaluated the effect of aerobic and membrane aeration changes on sludge properties, biological nutrient removal and filtration processes in a pilot plant membrane bioreactor. The optimal operating conditions were found at an aerobic dissolved oxygen set-point (DO) of 0.5 mg O2 L(-1) and a membrane specific aeration demand (SADm) of 1 m h(-1), where membrane aeration can be used for nitrification. Under these conditions, a total flow reduction of 42% was achieved (75% energy reduction) without compromising nutrient removal efficiencies, maintaining sludge characteristics and controlled filtration. Below these optimal operating conditions, the nutrient removal efficiency was reduced, increasing 20% for soluble microbial products, 14% for capillarity suction time and reducing a 15% for filterability. Below this DO set-point, fouling increased with a transmembrane pressure 75% higher. SADm below 1 m h(-1) doubled the values of transmembrane pressure, without recovery after achieving the initial conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Dalmau
- LEQUiA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, E17071 Girona, Spain
| | - H Monclús
- LEQUiA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, E17071 Girona, Spain
| | - S Gabarrón
- LEQUiA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, E17071 Girona, Spain
| | - I Rodriguez-Roda
- LEQUiA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, E17071 Girona, Spain; ICRA, Catalan Institute for Water Research, Scientific and Technological Park of the University of Girona, H2O Building, EmiliGrahit 101, E17003 Girona, Spain
| | - J Comas
- LEQUiA, Institute of the Environment, University of Girona, E17071 Girona, Spain.
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19
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Wei P, Zhang K, Gao W, Kong L, Field R. CFD modeling of hydrodynamic characteristics of slug bubble flow in a flat sheet membrane bioreactor. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2013.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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20
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Suh C, Lee S, Cho J. Investigation of the effects of membrane fouling control strategies with the integrated membrane bioreactor model. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.11.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Naessens W, Maere T, Ratkovich N, Vedantam S, Nopens I. Critical review of membrane bioreactor models--part 2: hydrodynamic and integrated models. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 122:107-118. [PMID: 22721683 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.05.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2011] [Revised: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Membrane bioreactor technology exists for a couple of decades, but has not yet overwhelmed the market due to some serious drawbacks of which operational cost due to fouling is the major contributor. Knowledge buildup and optimisation for such complex systems can heavily benefit from mathematical modelling. In this paper, the vast literature on hydrodynamic and integrated MBR modelling is critically reviewed. Hydrodynamic models are used at different scales and focus mainly on fouling and only little on system design/optimisation. Integrated models also focus on fouling although the ones including costs are leaning towards optimisation. Trends are discussed, knowledge gaps identified and interesting routes for further research suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Naessens
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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22
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Naessens W, Maere T, Nopens I. Critical review of membrane bioreactor models--part 1: biokinetic and filtration models. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 122:95-106. [PMID: 22721681 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.05.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2011] [Revised: 05/14/2012] [Accepted: 05/16/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Membrane bioreactor technology exists for a couple of decades, but has not yet overwhelmed the market due to some serious drawbacks of which operational cost due to fouling is the major contributor. Knowledge buildup and optimisation for such complex systems can significantly benefit from mathematical modelling. In this paper, the vast literature on modelling MBR biokinetics and filtration is critically reviewed. It was found that models cover the wide range of empirical to detailed mechanistic descriptions and have mainly been used for knowledge development and to a lesser extent for system optimisation/control. Moreover, studies are still predominantly performed at lab or pilot scale. Trends are discussed, knowledge gaps identified and interesting routes for further research suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Naessens
- BIOMATH, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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