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Gao M, Ling N, Tian H, Guo C, Wang Q. Toxicity, physiological response, and biosorption mechanism of Dunaliella salina to copper, lead, and cadmium. Front Microbiol 2024; 15:1374275. [PMID: 38605709 PMCID: PMC11007151 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1374275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Heavy metal pollution has become a global problem, which urgently needed to be solved owing to its severe threat to water ecosystems and human health. Thus, the exploration and development of a simple, cost-effective and environmental-friendly technique to remove metal elements from contaminated water is of great importance. Algae are a kind of photosynthetic autotroph and exhibit excellent bioadsorption capacities, making them suitable for wastewater treatment. Methods The effects of heavy metals (copper, lead and cadmium) on the growth, biomolecules accumulation, metabolic responses and antioxidant response of Dunaliella salina were investigated. Moreover, the Box-Behnken design (BBD) in response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the biosorption capacity, and FT-IR was performed to explore the biosorption mechanism of D. salina on multiple heavy metals. Results The growth of D. salina cells was significantly inhibited and the contents of intracellular photosynthetic pigments, polysaccharides and proteins were obviously reduced under different concentrations of Cu2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+, and the EC50 values were 18.14 mg/L, 160.37 mg/L and 3.32 mg/L at 72 h, respectively. Besides, the activities of antioxidant enzyme SOD and CAT in D. salina first increased, and then descended with increasing concentration of three metal ions, while MDA contents elevated continuously. Moreover, D. salina exhibited an excellent removal efficacy on three heavy metals. BBD assay revealed that the maximal removal rates for Cu2+, Pb2+, and Cd2+ were 88.9%, 87.2% and 72.9%, respectively under optimal adsorption conditions of pH 5-6, temperature 20-30°C, and adsorption time 6 h. Both surface biosorption and intracellular bioaccumulation mechanisms are involved in metal ions removal of D. salina. FT-IR spectrum exhibited the main functional groups including carboxyl (-COOH), hydroxyl (-OH), amino (-NH2), phosphate (-P=O) and sulfate (-S=O) are closely associated with the biosorption or removal of heavy metalsions. Discussion Attributing to the brilliant biosorption capacity, Dunaliella salina may be developed to be an excellent adsorbent for heavy metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingze Gao
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Na Ling
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Haiyan Tian
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Chunqiu Guo
- Pharmaceutical Engineering Technology Research Center, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin, China
- Engineering Research Center for Natural Antitumor Drugs, Ministry of Education, Harbin, China
| | - Qiyao Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Dhar V, Singh R. Biohydrogen production potential with sulfate and nitrate removal by heat-pretreated enriched sulfate-reducing microorganisms-based bioelectrochemical system. Arch Microbiol 2022; 205:7. [PMID: 36454386 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03352-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
In this study, heat-pretreated sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRBs) were evaluated for simultaneous sulfate and nitrate removal in a bioelectrochemical system (BES). The effect of the applied potential of 20 mV to SRBs was evaluated at a sulfate concentration of 3 g/L and/or nitrate concentration of 0.5 g/L supplemented before heat pretreatment for sulfate and nitrate removal. The highest H2 production of 2.24 ± 0.04 mM/L in heat-pretreated culture was observed in the presence of sulfate at an applied potential of 20 mV (BHE-S). Simultaneous reduction of sulfate and nitrate was significant in BESs supplemented with either sulfate or nitrate during heat-shock pretreatment of the culture. The highest SO42- removal of 88.91 ± 0.8% was found in culture heat pretreated with NO3- and applied with 20 mV potential (BHE-N). The kinetics of heat-pretreated culture showed higher R2 and ultimate potential for H2 on the continuous application of 20 mV potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Varsha Dhar
- School of Environment and Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030, India
| | - Rajesh Singh
- School of Environment and Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030, India.
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Varma SK, Singh R. SRB-based bioelectrochemical system: A potential multipollutant combatant for enhanced landfill waste stabilization. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 154:1-14. [PMID: 36202043 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.09.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Due to the lower proportion of organic matter and higher toxicity of the aged landfill, most of the advanced treatment technologies are not effective from economic, environmental, and social perspectives. This study evaluates the potential of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) based bioelectrochemical-system (BES) in the decontamination of landfill wastes by reducing GHGs emissions and levels of soluble pollutants. The landfill waste (solid/leachate) collected from the Pirana Landfill site was assessed for economical long-term treatment and scaling up the feasibility of the designed system. The present system demonstrated significant improvement in volumetric hydrogen production of 3.1:1 (H2:CH4) by suppressing methanogenesis with a significant reduction in heavy metals concentration and other organic components. Despite being amended with 0.1 N ammonia, the treated leachate level of NO3 (2.350 ± 1.077 mg/L) was reduced by 5.3 times, hence reducing further groundwater pollution from landfill leaching. The BES-treated solid waste was more stabilized as shown by a fivefold increase in surface area and can be potentially applied for leachate immobilization and bio-fortification of agricultural fields. The vector arrangement and magnitude with differences in magnitudes for both leachate and solid waste supported the on-site applicability of BES treatment. Concerning the affinity in various treatment systems, the dendrogram clearly showed Ca and Fe placed far from each other (3506.08), in comparison to Fe and Mg (1186.6), followed by Fe and Cu (1544.6). Voltammograms proved the efficacy of the enriched electrochemically active bacteria (EAB), to support the treatment of landfill solid waste and leachate sustainably.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushma K Varma
- School of Environment & Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India
| | - Rajesh Singh
- School of Environment & Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India.
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Impacts of Chosen Parameters on Fe-Dependent Nitrate Reduction in Anammox Consortia: Performance and Bioactivity. WATER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/w12051379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Fe-dependent nitrate reduction by anammox consortia could serve as a valuable autotrophic denitrification process for wastewater treatment. However, influences of temperature, pH, and Fe/NO3-N ratio on this biochemical process have not been studied. The present study investigated individual and interactive effects of aforementioned parameters on nitrate removal performance and bioactivity of anammox consortia via a series of batch assays. Enzymes activity of nitrate reductase (NAR) and hydrazine dehydrogenase (HDH) of anammox consortia had high consistency with nitrogen removal performance and significantly depended on temperature and Fe/NO3-N ratio, while the narG and hdh genes expression were drastically depressed by extreme temperature. Models developed by response surface methodology (RSM) showed the significance of individual parameter followed by Fe/NO3-N ratio > temperature > pH, while combined effects of temperature versus Fe/NO3-N ratio exerted the most significant impacts. The pH in range of 4.0–8.0 had less influence. The optimum condition for nitrate removal efficiency (NRE) > 90% and total nitrogen removal efficiency (TNRE) > 75% was 4.0–7.4 for pH, 25.5–30.0 °C for temperature, and 31–48 for Fe/NO3-N molar ratio. The maximum NRE and TNRE could be 98.68% and 79.42%, respectively, under the condition of pH = 4.00, temperature = 28.5 °C and Fe/NO3-N ratio = 37.4. The models showed good dependability for simulation nitrogen removal performance by anammox in the real semiconductor wastewater.
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Long-term performance of a UASB reactor treating acid mine drainage: effects of sulfate loading rate, hydraulic retention time, and COD/SO42− ratio. Biodegradation 2018; 30:47-58. [DOI: 10.1007/s10532-018-9863-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/01/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Jia S, Han Y, Zhuang H, Han H, Li K. Simultaneous removal of organic matter and salt ions from coal gasification wastewater RO concentrate and microorganisms succession in a MBR. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 241:517-524. [PMID: 28601769 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.05.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2017] [Revised: 05/18/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A lab-scale membrane bioreactor (MBR) with intermittent aeration was operated to treat the reverse osmosis concentrate derived from coal gasification wastewater. Results showed intermittent aeration represented slight effect on organic matter reduction but significant effect on nitrite and nitrate reduction, with 6h aeration and 6h non-aeration, removal efficiencies of organic matter, chloride, sulfate, nitrite and nitrate reached 48.35%, 40.91%, 34.28%, -36.05% and 64.34%, respectively. High-throughput sequencing showed a microorganisms succession from inoculated activated sludge (S1) to activated sludge in MBR (S2) with high salinity. Richness and diversity of microorganisms in S2 was lower than S1 and the community structure of S1 exhibited more even than S2. The most relative abundance of genus in S1 and S2 were unclassified_Desulfarculaceae (9.39%) and Roseibaca (62.1%), respectively. High salinity and intermittent aeration represented different influence on the denitrifying genus, and non-aeration phase provided feasible dissolved oxygen condition for denitrifying genera realizing denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengyong Jia
- School of Water Conservancy & Environment, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China; State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yuxing Han
- School of Engineering, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Haifeng Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Recycling and Eco-treatment of Waste Biomass of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Hongjun Han
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
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Xu XJ, Chen C, Wang AJ, Ni BJ, Guo WQ, Yuan Y, Huang C, Zhou X, Wu DH, Lee DJ, Ren NQ. Mathematical modeling of simultaneous carbon-nitrogen-sulfur removal from industrial wastewater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2017; 321:371-381. [PMID: 27669378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2016.08.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Revised: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A mathematical model of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur removal (C-N-S) from industrial wastewater was constructed considering the interactions of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), sulfide-oxidizing bacteria (SOB), nitrate-reducing bacteria (NRB), facultative bacteria (FB), and methane producing archaea (MPA). For the kinetic network, the bioconversion of C-N by heterotrophic denitrifiers (NO3-→NO2-→N2), and that of C-S by SRB (SO42-→S2-) and SOB (S2-→S0) was proposed and calibrated based on batch experimental data. The model closely predicted the profiles of nitrate, nitrite, sulfate, sulfide, lactate, acetate, methane and oxygen under both anaerobic and micro-aerobic conditions. The best-fit kinetic parameters had small 95% confidence regions with mean values approximately at the center. The model was further validated using independent data sets generated under different operating conditions. This work was the first successful mathematical modeling of simultaneous C-N-S removal from industrial wastewater and more importantly, the proposed model was proven feasible to simulate other relevant processes, such as sulfate-reducing, sulfide-oxidizing process (SR-SO) and denitrifying sulfide removal (DSR) process. The model developed is expected to enhance our ability to predict the treatment of carbon-nitrogen-sulfur contaminated industrial wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Jun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 2650, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Chuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 2650, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China.
| | - Ai-Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 2650, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Bing-Jie Ni
- Advanced Water Management Centre (AWMC), The University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Wan-Qian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 2650, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Ye Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 2650, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Cong Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 2650, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Xu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 2650, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Dong-Hai Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 2650, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 2650, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106, Taiwan; Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Nan-Qi Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, P.O. Box 2650, 73 Huanghe Road, Nangang, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150090, China.
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Traversi D, Romanazzi V, Degan R, Lorenzi E, Carraro E, Gilli G. Microbial-chemical indicator for anaerobic digester performance assessment in full-scale wastewater treatment plants for biogas production. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 186:179-191. [PMID: 25817028 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic digestion was introduced into wastewater treatment plants several years ago, but anaerobic digestion performance has not yet been achieved. The variability of the microbial community in digesters is poorly understood, and despite the crucial role of anaerobic digestion reactors, the microbial equilibrium that yields the best performance in these reactors has only recently been hypothesised. In this study, two full-scale continuous anaerobic reactors, placed in Torino's main wastewater treatment plant in northern Italy, were followed to develop a summary indicator for measuring anaerobic digestion performance. A total of 100 sludge samples were collected. The samples were characterised chemically and physically, and microbial groups were quantified by qRT-PCR. A chemical biological performance index strictly correlated to specific biogas production (rho=0.739, p<0.01) is proposed. This approach will produce new management tools for anaerobic digestion in wastewater treatment plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Traversi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy.
| | - Valeria Romanazzi
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Raffaella Degan
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Eugenio Lorenzi
- SMAT - Società Metropolitana Acque Torino S.p.A., Corso XI Febbraio, 14 10152 Torino, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Carraro
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy
| | - Giorgio Gilli
- Department of Public Health and Pediatrics, University of Torino, piazza Polonia 94, 10126 Torino, Italy
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Effect of COD:SO4 2− Ratio, HRT and Linoleic Acid Concentration on Mesophilic Sulfate Reduction: Reactor Performance and Microbial Population Dynamics. WATER 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/w7052275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Cheng Z, Zhang L, Guo X, Jiang X, Li T. Adsorption behavior of direct red 80 and congo red onto activated carbon/surfactant: process optimization, kinetics and equilibrium. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 137:1126-1143. [PMID: 25305604 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.08.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 08/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Adsorptions of congo red and direct red 80 onto activated carbon/surfactant from aqueous solution were optimized. The Box-Behnken design (BBD) has been employed to analyze the effects of concentration of surfactant, temperature, pH, and initial concentration of the dye in the adsorption capacity. Their corresponding experimental data could be evaluated excellently by second order polynomial regression models and the two models were also examined based on the analysis of variance and t test statistics, respectively. The optimum conditions were obtained as follows: Cs=34.10 μM, T=50°C, pH=3.5, and CCR=160 mg/L for the congo red system, and Cs=34.10 μM, T=50°C, pH=6.1, and CDR80=110 mg/L for the direct red 80 system. And in these conditions, the measured experimental maximum adsorption capacities for the congo red and direct red 80 removals were 769.48 mg/g and 519.90 mg/g, which were consistent with their corresponding predicted values, with small relative errors of -2.81% and -0.67%, respectively. The adsorption equilibrium and kinetics for the two dye adsorptions onto AC/DDAC were also investigated. The experimental data were fitted by four isotherm models, and Langmuir model presented the best fit. The kinetic studies indicated that the kinetic data followed the pseudo-second-order model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjun Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China.
| | - Lei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China.
| | - Xiao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaohui Jiang
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China
| | - Tian Li
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong 637002, China
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Comparative evaluation of fermentative hydrogen production using Enterobacter cloacae and mixed culture: Effect of Pd (II) ion and phytogenic palladium nanoparticles. J Biotechnol 2014; 192 Pt A:87-95. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2014.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Revised: 09/06/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Using a Statistical Model to Examine the Effect of COD: SO42− Ratio, HRT and LA Concentration on Sulfate Reduction in an Anaerobic Sequencing Batch Reactor. WATER 2014. [DOI: 10.3390/w6113478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Xing BS, Guo Q, Zhang ZZ, Zhang J, Wang HZ, Jin RC. Optimization of process performance in a granule-based anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2014; 170:404-412. [PMID: 25156877 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 08/03/2014] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the individual and interactive effects of influent substrate concentration (TNinf), hydraulic retention time (HRT) and upflow velocity (Vup) on the performance of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) in a granule-based upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor were investigated by employing response surface methodology (RSM) with a central composite design. The purpose of this work was to identify the optimal combination of TNinf, HRT and Vup with respect to the nitrogen removal efficiency (NRE) and nitrogen removal rate (NRR). The reduced cubic models developed for the responses indicated that the optimal conditions corresponded to a TNinf content of 644-728mgNL(-1), an HRT of 0.90-1.25h, and a Vup of 0.60-1.79mh(-1). The results of confirmation trials were similar to the predictions of the developed models. These results provide useful information for improving the nitrogen removal performance of the anammox process in a UASB reactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Shan Xing
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Qiong Guo
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Zheng-Zhe Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Jue Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Hui-Zhong Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China
| | - Ren-Cun Jin
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China; Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, China.
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Process optimization, kinetics and equilibrium of orange G and acid orange 7 adsorptions onto chitosan/surfactant. J Mol Liq 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Jin RC, Xing BS, Ni WM. Optimization of partial nitritation in a continuous flow internal loop airlift reactor. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 147:516-524. [PMID: 24012847 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.08.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the performance of the partial nitritation (PN) process in a continuous flow internal loop airlift reactor was optimized by applying the response surface method (RSM). The purpose of this work was to find the optimal combination of influent ammonium (NH4(+)-Ninf), dissolved oxygen (DO) and the alkalinity/ammonium ratio (Alk/NH4(+)-N) with respect to the effluent nitrite to ammonium molar ratio and nitrite accumulation ratio. Based on the RSM results, the reduced cubic model and the quadratic model developed for the responses indicated that the optimal conditions were a DO content of 1.1-2.1 mg L(-1), an Alk/NH4(+)-N ratio of 3.30-5.69 and an NH4(+)-Ninf content of 608-1039 mg L(-1). The results of confirmation trials were close to the predictions of the developed models. Furthermore, three types of alkali were comparatively explored for use in the PN process, and bicarbonate was found to be the best alkalinity source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Cun Jin
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, PR China.
| | - Bao-Shan Xing
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, PR China
| | - Wei-Min Ni
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, PR China
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