1
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Plata S, Childress AE, McCurry DL. Minimizing N-Nitrosodimethylamine Formation During Disinfection of Blended Seawater and Wastewater Effluent. ACS ES&T WATER 2024; 4:1498-1507. [PMID: 38633366 PMCID: PMC11019544 DOI: 10.1021/acsestwater.3c00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Augmenting seawater with wastewater has the potential to reduce the energy demand and environmental impacts associated with seawater desalination. Alternatively, as wastewater reuse becomes more widespread, augmenting wastewater with seawater can increase the available water supply. However, the chemistry of disinfecting a blended stream has not been explored. Toxic byproducts, including N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA), are expected to form during disinfection, and the extent of formation will likely be a function of which stream is chlorinated and whether disinfection happens before or after blending. In this work, three blending-disinfection scenarios were modeled and experimentally evaluated in bench-scale systems treating synthetic and authentic waters. Modeling results suggested that chlorinating preblended wastewater and seawater would produce the most NDMA because it yielded the highest concentrations of bromochloramine, which was previously found to promote NDMA formation. However, chlorinating wastewater prior to blending with seawater, which modeling indicated would form the most dichloramine, produced the most NDMA in experiments. When seawater was disinfected prior to blending with wastewater, bromide likely converted most chlorine to free bromine. Bromamines formed after blending, however, did not lead to an elevated level of NDMA formation. Therefore, to minimize NDMA formation when disinfecting blended wastewater-seawater, seawater should be disinfected prior to introducing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Amy E. Childress
- Astani Department of Civil
and Environmental Engineering, University
of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Daniel L. McCurry
- Astani Department of Civil
and Environmental Engineering, University
of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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2
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Lu M, Zhang H, Tian Y, Yao W, Wang J, Wang Y. Photocatalytic hydrogel film assisted forward osmosis (PFO) for water treatment: Sustainable performance and contaminant control. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132364. [PMID: 37634380 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The integration of catalytic oxidation with forward osmosis (FO) holds promising potential to address two crucial challenges encountered by FO: fouling and unsustainable performance, but suitable approaches are still rare. Herein, we have successfully developed a photocatalysis-assisted forward osmosis (PFO) system. In the PFO, a self-made porous carbon nitride doped functional carbon nanotube photocatalytic hydrogel film (PCN@CNTM) was engaged in the FO process in an inventive way by simply sticking to the commercial FO membrane surface, preventing damage to the membrane from the catalyst's direct insertion and delaying the assault from the oxidation groups. PFO allowed organic pollutants to decompose in the feed solution (90%) and on the membrane surface, regulating the water chemical potential and giving the FO membrane antifouling properties. This resulted in sustainable water flux (11.8 LMH) with no significant membrane fouling in PFO, whereas in FO alone there was a significant fouling and flux drop (from 12.73 to 7.23 LMH in 4 h). Moreover, the expensive FO membrane was protected while the hydrogel film can be replaced on demand. The PFO exemplifies the concept of synergistic technology integration, presenting a new perspective on harnessing the strengths of distinct technologies in a mutually beneficial manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Hanmin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China.
| | - Yu Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment (SKLUWRE) School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Wei Yao
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (Ministry of Education, MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Linggong Road 2, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Junsheng Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Sensing and Intelligent Detection, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
| | - Yuezhu Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Marine Sensing and Intelligent Detection, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian 116026, China
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3
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Salamanca M, Peña M, Hernandez A, Prádanos P, Palacio L. Forward Osmosis Application for the Removal of Emerging Contaminants from Municipal Wastewater: A Review. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:655. [PMID: 37505021 PMCID: PMC10384920 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13070655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) has attracted special attention in water and wastewater treatment due to its role in addressing the challenges of water scarcity and contamination. The presence of emerging contaminants in water sources raises concerns regarding their environmental and public health impacts. Conventional wastewater treatment methods cannot effectively remove these contaminants; thus, innovative approaches are required. FO membranes offer a promising solution for wastewater treatment and removal of the contaminants in wastewater. Several factors influence the performance of FO processes, including concentration polarization, membrane fouling, draw solute selection, and reverse salt flux. Therefore, understanding and optimizing these factors are crucial aspects for improving the efficiency and sustainability of the FO process. This review stresses the need for research to explore the potential and challenges of FO membranes to meet municipal wastewater treatment requirements, to optimize the process, to reduce energy consumption, and to promote scalability for potential industrial applications. In conclusion, FO shows promising performance for wastewater treatment, dealing with emerging pollutants and contributing to sustainable practices. By improving the FO process and addressing its challenges, we could contribute to improve the availability of water resources amid the global water scarcity concerns, as well as contribute to the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Salamanca
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mar Peña
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernandez
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pedro Prádanos
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Laura Palacio
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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4
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Lugo A, Xu X, Abeysiriwardana-Arachchige ISA, Bandara GLCL, Nirmalakhandan N, Xu P. Techno-economic assessment of a novel algal-membrane system versus conventional wastewater treatment and advanced potable reuse processes: Part II. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 331:117189. [PMID: 36634420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.117189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study developed a comprehensive techno-economic assessment (TEA) framework to evaluate an innovative algae resource recovery and near zero-liquid discharge potable reuse system (i.e., the main system) in comparison with a conventional potable water reuse system (i.e., the benchmark system). The TEA study aims to estimate the levelized costs of water of individual units and integrated processes including secondary wastewater treatment, advanced water purification for potable reuse, and sludge treatment. This would provide decision-makers valuable information regarding the capital and operational costs of the innovative main system versus a typical potable water reuse treatment train, along with possible routes of cost optimization and improvements for the design of full-scale facilities. The main system consists of (i) a novel algal-based wastewater treatment coupled with a dual forward osmosis and seawater reverse osmosis (Algal FO-SWRO) membranes system for potable water reuse and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) to produce bioenergy and subsequent nutrients extraction from the harvested algal biomass. The benchmark system includes (ii) an advanced water purification facility (AWPF) that consists of a conventional activated sludge biological treatment (CAS), microfiltration (MF), brackish water reverse osmosis (BWRO), ultraviolet/advanced oxidation process (UV-AOP), and granular activated carbon (GAC), with anaerobic digestion for sludge treatment. Capital expenditures (CAPEX) and operational expenditures (OPEX) were calculated for each unit of both systems (i.e., sub-systems). Based on a 76% overall water recovery designed for the benchmark system, the water cost was estimated at $2.03/m3. The highest costs in the benchmark system were found on the CAS and the anaerobic digester, with the UV-AOP combined with GAC for hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) quenching as the driving factor in the increased costs of the system. The cost of the main system, based on an overall 88% water recovery, was estimated to be $1.97/m3, with costs mostly driven by the FO and SWRO membranes. With further cost reduction and optimization for FO membranes such as membrane cost, water recovery, and flux, the main system can provide a much more economically viable alternative in its application than a typical benchmark system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdiel Lugo
- Civil Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, United States
| | - Xuesong Xu
- Civil Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, United States
| | | | | | - Nagamany Nirmalakhandan
- Civil Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, United States
| | - Pei Xu
- Civil Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, United States.
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5
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Lugo A, Bandara GLCL, Xu X, Penteado de Almeida J, Abeysiriwardana-Arachchige ISA, Nirmalakhandan N, Xu P. Life cycle energy use and greenhouse gas emissions for a novel algal-osmosis membrane system versus conventional advanced potable water reuse processes: Part I. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2023; 331:117293. [PMID: 36657205 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.117293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This study applied a life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology for a comparative environmental analysis between an innovative algae resource recovery and near zero-liquid discharge potable reuse system (i.e., the main system) versus a conventional potable reuse system (i.e., the benchmark system) through energy use and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The objective of this study is to demonstrate that pilot-scale data coupled with LCA would provide valuable information for system optimization, integration, and improvements for the design of environmentally sustainable full-scale systems. This study also provides decision-makers valuable information regarding the energy demand and environmental impact of this innovative main system compared to a typical tried-and-true system for potable water reuse. The main system consists of a novel algal-based wastewater treatment coupled with a dual forward osmosis and seawater reverse osmosis (Algal FO-SWRO) membranes system for potable water recovery and hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) to recover biofuels and valuable nutrients from the harvested algal biomass. The benchmark system refers to the current industry standard technologies for potable water reuse and waste management including a secondary biological treatment, microfiltration (MF), brackish water reverse osmosis (BWRO), ultraviolet/advanced oxidation process (UV-AOP), and granular activated carbon (GAC), as well as anaerobic digestion for sludge treatment. Respective energy and GHG emissions of both systems were normalized and compared considering 1 m3 of water recovered. Based on an overall water recovery of 76% designed for the benchmark system, the energy consumption totaled 4.83 kWh/m3, and the system was estimated to generate 2.42 kg of CO2 equivalent/m3 with most of the emissions coming from the biological treatment. The main system, based on an overall water recovery of 88%, was estimated to consume 4.76 kWh/m3 and emit 1.49 kg of CO2 eq/m3. The main system has high environmental resilience and can recover bioenergy and nutrients from wastewater with zero waste disposal. With the application of energy recovery devices for the HTL and the SWRO, increase in water recovery of the FO membrane, and replacement of the SWRO membrane with BWRO, the main system provides an energy-competitive and environmentally positive alternative with an energy demand of 2.57 kWh/m3 and low GHG emissions of 0.94 kg CO2 eq/m3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdiel Lugo
- Civil Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, United States
| | | | - Xuesong Xu
- Civil Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, United States
| | | | | | - Nagamany Nirmalakhandan
- Civil Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, United States
| | - Pei Xu
- Civil Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM, 88003, United States.
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6
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Reddy AS, Wanjari VP, Singh SP. Design, synthesis, and application of thermally responsive draw solutes for sustainable forward osmosis desalination: A review. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 317:137790. [PMID: 36626951 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) is an emerging sustainable desalination technology; however, it is not a stand-alone process and requires an additional step to recover the water or regenerate the draw solute (DS), making it energy extensive. Therefore, incorporating inexpensive energy sources for DS regeneration is a viable solution to compete with reverse osmosis desalination technology. Hence, selecting suitable DS and its regeneration became a crucial research focus in FO desalination. Among various DSs reported, thermally responsive DSs (TRDS) provide an opportunity to integrate low-grade energy sources for DS regeneration. Utilizing such inexpensive energy will reduce fossil fuel energy demand, lower the cost of desalination, and minimize the carbon footprint. Hence, this review explores the TRDS for FO-based desalination with its design, synthesis, and applications. The manuscript has discussed the classification and selection criteria for the DSs, and how traditional and new-generation TRDSs are designed and synthesized from cationic and anionic moieties of ionic liquids, hydrogels, and other chemicals. The manuscript has also given importance to design criteria such as osmotic strength, viscosity, toxicity, and thermal stability for TRDSs. Furthermore, a detailed discussion on the FO performance, energy, and economic aspects of TRDSs has been reviewed, along with a discussion on the possible low-grade energy sources for the recovery of TRDS. Finally, the challenges and future directions for TRDSs have been discussed to drive FO toward sustainable desalination technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sudharshan Reddy
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department (ESED), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Vikram P Wanjari
- Centre for Research in Nanotechnology & Science (CRNTS), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Swatantra P Singh
- Environmental Science and Engineering Department (ESED), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India; Centre for Research in Nanotechnology & Science (CRNTS), Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India; Interdisciplinary Program in Climate Studies, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai 400076, India.
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7
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Salamanca M, Palacio L, Hernandez A, Peña M, Prádanos P. Evaluation of Forward Osmosis and Low-Pressure Reverse Osmosis with a Tubular Membrane for the Concentration of Municipal Wastewater and the Production of Biogas. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:266. [PMID: 36984653 PMCID: PMC10051251 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13030266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Currently, freshwater scarcity is one of the main issues that the world population has to face. To address this issue, new wastewater treatment technologies have been developed such as membrane processes. Among them, due to the energy disadvantages of pressure-driven membrane processes, Forward Osmosis (FO) and Low-Pressure Reverse Osmosis (LPRO) have been introduced as promising alternatives. In this study, the behavior of a 2.3 m2 tubular membrane TFO-D90 when working with municipal wastewater has been studied. Its performances have been evaluated and compared in two operating modes such as FO and LPRO. Parameters such as fouling, flow rates, water flux, draw solution concentration, organic matter concentration, as well as its recovery have been studied. In addition, the biogas production capacity has been evaluated with the concentrated municipal wastewater obtained from each process. The results of this study indicate that the membrane can work in both processes (FO and LPRO) but, from the energy and productivity point of view, FO is considered more appropriate mainly due to its lower fouling level. This research may offer a new point of view on low-energy and energy recovery wastewater treatment and the applicability of FO and LPRO for wastewater concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Salamanca
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Paseo Prado de la Magdalena 3-5, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Laura Palacio
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernandez
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mar Peña
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Paseo Prado de la Magdalena 3-5, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pedro Prádanos
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
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8
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Moon J, Kang H. Anion Effect on Forward Osmosis Performance of Tetrabutylphosphonium-Based Draw Solute Having a Lower Critical Solution Temperature. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:211. [PMID: 36837713 PMCID: PMC9959785 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13020211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The applicability of ionic liquids (ILs) as the draw solute in a forward osmosis (FO) system was investigated through a study on the effect of the structural change of the anion on the FO performance. This study evaluated ILs composed of tetrabutylphosphonium cation ([P4444]+) and benzenesulfonate anion ([BS]-), para-position alkyl-substituted benzenesulfonate anions (p-methylbenzenesulfonate ([MBS]-) and p-ethylbenzenesulfonate ([EBS-]), and methanesulfonate anion ([MS]-). The analysis of the thermo-responsive properties suggested that the [P4444][MBS] and [P4444][EBS] ILs have lower critical solution temperatures (LCSTs), which play a beneficial role in terms of the reusability of the draw solute from the diluted draw solutions after the water permeation process. At 20 wt% of an aqueous solution, the LCSTs of [P4444][MBS] and [P4444][EBS] were approximately 36 °C and 25 °C, respectively. The water flux and reverse solute flux of the [P4444][MBS] aqueous solution with higher osmolality than [P4444][EBS] were 7.36 LMH and 5.89 gMH in the active-layer facing the draw solution (AL-DS) mode at osmotic pressure of 25 atm (20 wt% solution), respectively. These results indicate that the [P4444]+-based ionic structured materials with LCST are practically advantageous for application as draw solutes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hyo Kang
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-51-200-7720; Fax: +82-51-200-7728
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9
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Zeng W, Yu M, Lin J, Huang L, Li J, Lin S, Chen L. Electrospun chitosan nanofiber constructing superhigh-water-flux forward osmosis membrane. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 226:833-839. [PMID: 36521706 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.12.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) technology exhibits great potential in seawater desalination and wastewater treatment due to its negligible energy consumption and high antifouling, however, the weak desalination capability, especially low water flux, remains challenging. Herein, a cost-effective and high-desalination-performance chitosan (CS)-based FO membrane is developed via coupling the electrospinning CS nanofibers and interfacial-polymerized polyamide (PA). The electrospun nanofibers construct the porous and hydrophilic CS layer with the large pore-diameter of ~274 nm and low thickness of ~10 μm, enabling the effective transport of water molecules, specifically, a superhigh water flux of 107.53 LMH at a low salt-water ratio of 0.24 g·L-1. In addition, such superior desalination performance of the as-prepared FO membrane is universal for the various salt species and concentrations. Our CS nanofiber-based membrane with the high separation capability of water-salt, desirable antibacterial activity, as well as the low cost, offers a roadmap toward the sustainable membrane materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Zeng
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; National Forestry & Grassland Administration Key Laboratory for Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Meiqiong Yu
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; National Forestry & Grassland Administration Key Laboratory for Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350002, China; School of Ocean Science and Biochemistry Engineering, Fujian Polytechnic Normal University, Fuqing 350300, China
| | - Junkang Lin
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; National Forestry & Grassland Administration Key Laboratory for Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Liulian Huang
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; National Forestry & Grassland Administration Key Laboratory for Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jianguo Li
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; National Forestry & Grassland Administration Key Laboratory for Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Shan Lin
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; National Forestry & Grassland Administration Key Laboratory for Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Lihui Chen
- College of Material Engineering, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350108, China; National Forestry & Grassland Administration Key Laboratory for Plant Fiber Functional Materials, Fuzhou 350002, China.
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10
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Du J, Waite TD, Biesheuvel PM, Tang W. Recent advances and prospects in electrochemical coupling technologies for metal recovery from water. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 442:130023. [PMID: 36155294 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
With the development of our society, the desire to recover valuable metal resources from metal-containing wastewaters or natural water bodies is becoming increasingly stronger nowadays. To overcome the limitations of single techniques, coupling technologies with synergistic effects are attracting increasing attention regarding metal resource recovery from water with particular interest in electrochemical coupling technologies in view of the advantages of electrochemical methods. This state-of-the-art review comprehensively presented the mechanisms and performance of electrochemical coupling systems for metal recovery from water. To give a clear overview of current research trends, technologies coupled with electrochemical processes can be categorized into six main types: electrochemical techniques, membrane modules, adsorption/extraction techniques, sonication technologies, energy supply techniques and others. The electrochemical coupling system has shown synergistic advantages (e.g., improving metal recovery efficiency, reducing energy consumption) over single technologies. We then discuss the remaining challenges, present corresponding solutions, and put forward future directions for current electrochemical coupled systems towards metal recovery. This review is conducive to broadening the potential applications of electrochemical coupling processes for metal recovery and sustainable water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Du
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - T David Waite
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - P M Biesheuvel
- Wetsus, European Centre of Excellence for Sustainable Water Technology, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, the Netherlands
| | - Wangwang Tang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
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11
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Kausar A, Ahmad I, Maaza M, Eisa MH. State-of-the-Art of Polymer/Fullerene C 60 Nanocomposite Membranes for Water Treatment: Conceptions, Structural Diversity and Topographies. MEMBRANES 2022; 13:27. [PMID: 36676834 PMCID: PMC9864887 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
To secure existing water resources is one of the imposing challenges to attain sustainability and ecofriendly world. Subsequently, several advanced technologies have been developed for water treatment. The most successful methodology considered so far is the development of water filtration membranes for desalination, ion permeation, and microbes handling. Various types of membranes have been industrialized including nanofiltration, microfiltration, reverse osmosis, and ultrafiltration membranes. Among polymeric nanocomposites, nanocarbon (fullerene, graphene, and carbon nanotubes)-reinforced nanomaterials have gained research attention owing to notable properties/applications. Here, fullerene has gained important stance amid carbonaceous nanofillers due to zero dimensionality, high surface areas, and exceptional physical properties such as optical, electrical, thermal, mechanical, and other characteristics. Accordingly, a very important application of polymer/fullerene C60 nanocomposites has been observed in the membrane sector. This review is basically focused on talented applications of polymer/fullerene nanocomposite membranes in water treatment. The polymer/fullerene nanostructures bring about numerous revolutions in the field of high-performance membranes because of better permeation, water flux, selectivity, and separation performance. The purpose of this pioneering review is to highlight and summarize current advances in the field of water purification/treatment using polymer and fullerene-based nanocomposite membranes. Particular emphasis is placed on the development of fullerene embedded into a variety of polymer membranes (Nafion, polysulfone, polyamide, polystyrene, etc.) and effects on the enhanced properties and performance of the resulting water treatment membranes. Polymer/fullerene nanocomposite membranes have been developed using solution casting, phase inversion, electrospinning, solid phase synthesis, and other facile methods. The structural diversity of polymer/fullerene nanocomposites facilitates membrane separation processes, especially for valuable or toxic metal ions, salts, and microorganisms. Current challenges and opportunities for future research have also been discussed. Future research on these innovative membrane materials may overwhelm design and performance-related challenging factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Kausar
- NPU-NCP Joint International Research Center on Advanced Nanomaterials and Defects Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/Nanotechnology, iThemba LABS, Somerset West 7129, South Africa
- NPU-NCP Joint International Research Center on Advanced Nanomaterials and Defects Engineering, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Ishaq Ahmad
- NPU-NCP Joint International Research Center on Advanced Nanomaterials and Defects Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/Nanotechnology, iThemba LABS, Somerset West 7129, South Africa
- NPU-NCP Joint International Research Center on Advanced Nanomaterials and Defects Engineering, National Centre for Physics, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Malik Maaza
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/Nanotechnology, iThemba LABS, Somerset West 7129, South Africa
| | - M. H. Eisa
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13318, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Zhao Y, Duan L, Liu X, Song Y. Forward Osmosis Technology and Its Application on Microbial Fuel Cells: A Review. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:1254. [PMID: 36557161 PMCID: PMC9788529 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12121254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
As a new membrane technology, forward osmosis (FO) has aroused more and more interest in the field of wastewater treatment and recovery in recent years. Due to the driving force of osmotic pressure rather than hydraulic pressure, FO is considered as a low pollution process, thus saving costs and energy. In addition, due to the high rejection rate of FO membrane to various pollutants, it can obtain higher quality pure water. Recovering valuable resources from wastewater will transform wastewater management from a treatment focused to sustainability focused strategy, creating the need for new technology development. An innovative treatment concept which is based on cooperation between bioelectrochemical systems and forward osmosis has been introduced and studied in the past few years. Bioelectrochemical systems can provide draw solute, perform pre-treatment, or reduce reverse salt flux to help with FO operation; while FO can achieve water recovery, enhance current generation, and supply energy sources for the operation of bioelectrochemical systems. This paper reviews the past research, describes the principle, development history, as well as quantitative analysis, and discusses the prospects of OsMFC technology, focusing on the recovery of resources from wastewater, especially the research progress and existing problems of forward osmosis technology and microbial fuel cell coupling technology. Moreover, the future development trends of this technology were prospected, so as to promote the application of forward osmosis technology in sewage treatment and resource synchronous recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhao
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Liang Duan
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiang Liu
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yonghui Song
- Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
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13
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Taha Sayed E, Olabi AG, Elsaid K, Al Radi M, Alqadi R, Ali Abdelkareem M. Recent Progress in Renewable Energy Based-Desalination in the Middle East and North Africa MENA Region. J Adv Res 2022:S2090-1232(22)00197-7. [PMID: 36108962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2022.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Middle East and North African (MENA) countries are rapidly growing in population with very limited access to freshwater resources. To overcome this challenge, seawater desalination is proposed as an effective solution, as most MENA countries have easy access to saline water. However, desalination processes require massive demand for energy, which is mostly met by fossil fuel-driven power plants. The rapid technological advancements in renewable energy technologies, along with their gradually decreasing cost place renewable energy-driven power plants and processes as a promising alternative to conventional fuel-powered plants. AIM OF REVIEW In the current work, renewable energy-powered desalination in the MENA region is investigated. Various desalination technologies and renewable energy resources, particularly those available in MENA are discussed. A detailed discussion of suitable energy storage technologies for incorporation into renewable energy desalination systems is also included. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW The progress made in implementing renewable energy into power desalination plants in MENA countries is summarized and analyzed by describing the overall trend and giving recommendations for the potential amalgamation of available renewable energies (REs) and available desalination technologies. Finally, a case study in the MENA region, the Al-khafji solar seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination plant in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia KSA, is used to demonstrate the implementation of REs to drive desalination processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enas Taha Sayed
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Chemical Engineering Department, Minia University, Elminia, Egypt
| | - A G Olabi
- Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre, RISE, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Mechanical Engineering and Design, Aston University, School of Engineering and Applied Science, Aston Triangle, Birmingham, B4 7ET, UK.
| | - Khaled Elsaid
- Chemical Engineering Program, Texas A& M University at Qatar, PO Box. 23874, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muaz Al Radi
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Rashid Alqadi
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, PO Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Chemical Engineering Department, Minia University, Elminia, Egypt; Sustainable Energy & Power Systems Research Centre, RISE, University of Sharjah, P.O. Box 27272, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
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14
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Song J, Yan M, Ye J, Zheng S, Ee LY, Wang Z, Li J, Huang M. Research progress in external field intensification of forward osmosis process for water treatment: A critical review. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 222:118943. [PMID: 35952439 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) is an emerging permeation-driven membrane technology that manifests advantages of low energy consumption, low operating pressure, and uncomplicated engineering compared to conventional membrane processes. The key issues that need to be addressed in FO are membrane fouling, concentration polarization (CP) and reverse solute diffusion (RSD). They can lead to problems about loss of draw solutes and reduced membrane lifetime, which not only affect the water treatment effectiveness of FO membranes, but also increase the economic cost. Current research has focused on FO membrane preparation and modification strategies, as well as on the selection of draw solutions. Unfortunately, these intrinsic solutions had limited success in unraveling these phenomena. In this paper, we provide a brief review of the current state of research on existing external field-assisted FO systems (including electric-, pressure-, magnetic-, ultrasonic-, light- and flow-assisted FO system), analyze their mitigation mechanisms for the above key problems, and explore potential research directions to aid in the further development of FO systems. This review aims to reveal the feasibility of the development of external field-assisted FO technology to achieve a more economical and efficient FO treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Mengying Yan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Jingling Ye
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Shengyang Zheng
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, China
| | - Liang Ying Ee
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Zhiwei Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Manhong Huang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Science & Technology of Eco-Textile, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China; State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China.
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15
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Xu Y, Zhu Y, Chen Z, Zhu J, Chen G. A Comprehensive Review on Forward Osmosis Water Treatment: Recent Advances and Prospects of Membranes and Draw Solutes. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19138215. [PMID: 35805879 PMCID: PMC9266909 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19138215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) is an evolving membrane separation technology for water treatment and reclamation. However, FO water treatment technology is limited by factors such as concentration polarization, membrane fouling, and reverse solute flux. Therefore, it is of a great importance to prepare an efficient high-density porous membrane and to select an appropriate draw solute to reduce concentration polarization, membrane fouling, and reverse solute flux. This review aims to present a thorough evaluation of the advancement of different draw solutes and membranes with their effects on FO performance. NaCl is still widely used in a large number of studies, and several general draw solutes, such as organic-based and inorganic-based, are selected based on their osmotic pressure and water solubility. The selection criteria for reusable solutes, such as heat-recovered gaseous draw, magnetic field-recovered MNPs, and electrically or thermally-responsive hydrogel are primarily based on their industrial efficiency and energy requirements. CA membranes are resistant to chlorine degradation and are hydrophilic, while TFC/TFN exhibit a high inhibition of bio-adhesion and hydrolysis. AQPs are emerging membranes, due to proteins with complete retention capacity. Moreover, the development of the hybrid system combining FO with other energy or water treatment technologies is crucial to the sustainability of FO.
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16
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Ahmed M, Kumar R, Sakurai H, Al-Wazzan Y, Bhadrachari G, Nakao T, Thomas JP. Exploring the Performance Parameters of a Commercial-Scale Hollow Fibre Forward Osmosis Module during the Arabian Gulf Seawater Desalination. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-021-06018-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Yassari M, Shakeri A, Salehi H. ZIF-67 templated thin-film composite forward osmosis membrane: Importance of incorporation method on morphology and performance. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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18
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Wen H, Soyekwo F, Liu C. Highly permeable forward osmosis membrane with selective layer “hooked” to a hydrophilic Cu-Alginate intermediate layer for efficient heavy metal rejection and sludge thickening. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.120247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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19
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Salamanca M, López-Serna R, Palacio L, Hernandez A, Prádanos P, Peña M. Ecological Risk Evaluation and Removal of Emerging Pollutants in Urban Wastewater by a Hollow Fiber Forward Osmosis Membrane. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:293. [PMID: 35323768 PMCID: PMC8949913 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12030293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) is a promising technology for the treatment of urban wastewater. FO can produce high-quality effluents and preconcentrate urban wastewater for subsequent anaerobic treatment. This membrane technology makes it possible to eliminate the pollutants present in urban wastewater, which can cause adverse effects in the ecosystem even at low concentrations. In this study, a 0.6 m2 hollow fiber aquaporin forward osmosis membrane was used for the treatment of urban wastewater from the Valladolid wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). A total of 51 Contaminants of Emerging Concern (CECs) were investigated, of which 18 were found in the target urban wastewater. They were quantified, and their ecotoxicological risk impact was evaluated. Different salts with different concentrations were tested as draw solutions to evaluate the membrane performances when working with pretreated urban wastewater. NaCl was found to be the most appropriate salt since it leads to higher permeate fluxes and lower reverse saline fluxes. The membrane can eliminate or significantly reduce the pollutants present in the studied urban wastewater, producing water without ecotoxicological risk or essentially free of pollutants. In all cases, good recovery was achieved, which increased with molecular weight, although chemical and electrostatic interactions also played a role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mónica Salamanca
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Rebeca López-Serna
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Laura Palacio
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Antonio Hernandez
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Pedro Prádanos
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, University of Valladolid, Paseo Belén 7, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - Mar Peña
- Institute of Sustainable Processes (ISP), University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n, E-47011 Valladolid, Spain
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20
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Polymer/Graphene Nanocomposite Membranes: Status and Emerging Prospects. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs6030076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is a unique nanocarbon nanomaterial, frequently explored with polymeric matrices for technical purposes. An indispensable application of polymer/graphene nanocomposites has been observed for membrane technology. This review highlights the design, properties, and promising features of the polymer/graphene nanomaterials and nanocomposite membranes for the pervasion and purification of toxins, pollutants, microbials, and other desired contents. The morphology, pore size, pore structure, water flux, permeation, salt rejection, and other membrane properties are examined. Graphene oxide, an important modified form of graphene, is also utilized in nanocomposite membranes. Moreover, polymer/graphene nanofibers are employed to develop high-performance membranes for methodological purposes. The adaptability of polymer/graphene nanocomposites is observed for water management and purification technologies.
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21
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Yang Y, Song C, Wang P, Fan X, Xu Y, Dong G, Liu Z, Pan Z, Song Y, Song C. Insights into the impact of polydopamine modification on permeability and anti-fouling performance of forward osmosis membrane. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132744. [PMID: 34743795 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) has drawn wide attention as a promising method to address world-wide water crisis due to the advantages of low-energy consumption and easy separation operation. Unfortunately, the trade-off between permeability and selectivity as well as membrane fouling hindered the application of forward osmosis. Surface modification is a feasible method to address these issues. However, there is a lack of systematic evaluation about the effect of modification position on FO performance due to the asymmetric structure of thin film composite (TFC) FO membrane. To provide new insights into the design of FO membrane with satisfied permeability and fouling resistance, novel TFC FO membranes were fabricated by introducing polydopamine (PDA) on the support layer (TFC-I) or active layer (TFC-S), respectively. The surface morphology, chemical composition and wettability of the fabricated membrane were studied. It was found that the surface wettability of the modified membrane was improved greatly compared to pristine TFC membrane (TFC-C). Moreover, TFC-S membrane displayed a rougher surface than that of TFC-I membrane. As a result, a superior TFC-S membrane with a water flux of 60.95 ± 3.15 L m-2h-1 in AL-DS mode was obtained, which was 72.61% and 17.87% higher than that of TFC-C and TFC-I membrane, respectively. In addition, the TFC-S membrane also presented an excellent fouling resistance and membrane regeneration performance during the three organic fouling cycle experiments. The results indicated that the introduction of PDA as a surface coating for TFC membranes modification guaranteed the high-performance and fouling resistance. Especially, the PDA coating on the support layer surface resulted in an enhancement in permeability, while both the permeability and anti-fouling performance were significantly improved with the PDA coating on the polyamide active layer surface. This study provides new insights into the development of modification TFC-FO membranes for practical applications in water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Yang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Chunyang Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA
| | - Xinfei Fan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, 116026, China.
| | - Yuanlu Xu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Guanming Dong
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Zhijian Liu
- Department of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Zonglin Pan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Yongxin Song
- Department of Marine Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, Dalian, 116026, China
| | - Chengwen Song
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Dalian Maritime University, 1 Linghai Road, Dalian, 116026, China.
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22
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Biogas Production from Concentrated Municipal Sewage by Forward Osmosis, Micro and Ultrafiltration. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14052629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Direct application of anaerobic digestion to sewage treatment is normally only possible under tropical weather conditions. This is the result of its diluted nature and temperatures far from those suitable for anaerobic conversion of organic matter. Then, direct application of anaerobic treatment to sewage would require changing temperature, concentration, or both. Modification of sewage temperature would require much more energy than contained in the organic matter. Then, the feasible alternative seems to be the application of a pre-concentration step that may be accomplished by membrane filtration. This research studied the pre-concentration of municipal sewage as a potential strategy to enable the direct anaerobic conversion of organic matter. Three different membrane processes were tested: microfiltration, ultrafiltration and forward osmosis. The methane potential of the concentrates was determined. Results show that biogas production from the FO-concentrate was higher, most likely because of a higher rejection. However, salt increase due to rejection and reverse flux of ions from the draw solution may affect anaerobic digestion performance.
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23
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Zarebska-Mølgaard A, Li K, Niedzielska A, Schneider C, Yangali-Quintanilla V, Tsapekos P, Angelidaki I, Wang J, Helix-Nielsen C. Techno-economic assessment of a hybrid forward osmosis and membrane distillation system for agricultural water recovery. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.120196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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24
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Nthunya LN, Bopape MF, Mahlangu OT, Mamba BB, Van der Bruggen B, Quist-Jensen CA, Richards H. Fouling, performance and cost analysis of membrane-based water desalination technologies: A critical review. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 301:113922. [PMID: 34731960 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
While water is a key resource required to sustain life, freshwater sources and aquifers are being depleted at an alarming rate. As a mitigation strategy, saline water desalination is commonly used to supplement the available water resources beyond direct water supply. This is achieved through effective advanced water purification processes enabled to handle complex matrix of saline wastewater. Membrane technology has been extensively evaluated for water desalination. This includes the use of reverse osmosis (RO) (the most mature membrane technology for desalination), pervaporation (PV), electrodialysis (ED), membrane distillation (MD), and membrane crystallization (MCr). Though nanofiltration (NF) is not mainly applied for desalination purposes, it is included in the reviewed processes because of its ability to reach 90% salt rejection efficiency for water softening. However, its comparison with other technologies is not provided since NF cannot be used for removal of NaCl during desalination. Remarkably, membrane processes remain critically affected by several challenges including membrane fouling. Moreover, capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operating expenditure (OPEX) are the key factors influencing the establishment of water desalination processes. Therefore, this paper provides a concise and yet comprehensive review of the membrane processes used to desalt saline water. Furthermore, the successes and failures of each process are critically reviewed. Finally, the CAPEX and OPEX of these water desalination processes are reviewed and compared. Based on the findings of this review, MD is relatively comparable to RO in terms of process performance achieving 99% salt rejections. Also, high salt rejections are reported on ED and PV. The operation and maintenance (O&M) costs remain lower in ED. Notably, the small-scale MD OPEX falls below that of RO. However, the large-scale O&M in MD is rarely reported due to its slow industrial growth, thus making RO the most preferred in the current water desalination markets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lebea N Nthunya
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag X3, 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| | - Mokgadi F Bopape
- Department of Chemical, Metallurgical and Material Engineering, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag x680, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa; Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Oranso T Mahlangu
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida 1709, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Bhekie B Mamba
- Institute for Nanotechnology and Water Sustainability, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, University of South Africa, Florida 1709, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Bart Van der Bruggen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Cejna Anna Quist-Jensen
- Center for Membrane Technology, Department of Chemistry and Bioscience, Aalborg University, Fredrik Bajers Vej 7H, 9220, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Heidi Richards
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand, Private Bag X3, 2050, Johannesburg, South Africa
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25
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Bernacka E, Jaroszek H, Turek M, Dydo P, Czechowicz D, Mitko K. Application of Waste Glycerol as a Draw Solution for Forward Osmosis. MEMBRANES 2021; 12:membranes12010044. [PMID: 35054570 PMCID: PMC8780772 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12010044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Waste glycerol generated during biofuel production accounts for ~10% of total biodiesel volume. Increasing the use of renewable energy sources, including so-called biodiesel, will significantly increase the amount of waste glycerol for disposal. One possible route for waste glycerol reuse is to use it as a draw solution in forward osmosis (FO). Glycerol solutions are particularly suited as FO draw solutions due to their high osmotic pressures. In this work, the effects of waste glycerol composition on FO draw solution osmotic pressures, as well as the effects of membrane type and linear flow velocities on FO water and reverse flux, were investigated. Those results indicated the feasibility of using waste glycerol as a draw solution in FO, allowing the reuse of significant amounts of this by-product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Bernacka
- PolymemTech Sp. z o.o., Ul. Wołodyjowskiego 46, 02-724 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence:
| | - Hanna Jaroszek
- PolymemTech Sp. z o.o., Ul. Wołodyjowskiego 46, 02-724 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marian Turek
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Ul. B. Krzywoustego 6, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (M.T.); (P.D.); (D.C.); (K.M.)
| | - Piotr Dydo
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Ul. B. Krzywoustego 6, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (M.T.); (P.D.); (D.C.); (K.M.)
| | - Dymitr Czechowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Ul. B. Krzywoustego 6, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (M.T.); (P.D.); (D.C.); (K.M.)
| | - Krzysztof Mitko
- Faculty of Chemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Ul. B. Krzywoustego 6, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland; (M.T.); (P.D.); (D.C.); (K.M.)
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26
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Zhu L, Ding C, Zhu T, Wang Y. A review on the forward osmosis applications and fouling control strategies for wastewater treatment. Front Chem Sci Eng 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11705-021-2084-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Zhang H, Wang X, Wang L, Lv Y, Zhang Z, Wang H. Identifying the fouling behavior of forward osmosis membranes exposed to different inorganic components with high ionic strength. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:46303-46318. [PMID: 33948841 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14170-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Functionalized multiwalled carbon nanotube (f-MWCNT) mixed matrix forward osmosis (FO) membranes were fabricated by phase inversion, and the mechanism of sodium alginate (SA) membrane fouling in the presence of various inorganic components with high ionic strength was thoroughly investigated. The membrane incorporated with 0.5% f-MWCNTs (M-0.5) exhibited enhanced performance, which was attributed to the hydrophilicity of the modified nanoparticles and their good compatibility with the cellulose acetate (CA) substrate. Moreover, it was found that the initial permeate flux decline rate for all FO membranes investigated followed the order Na+ + Ca2+ + Mg2+ > Na+ + Ca2+ > Na+ + Mg2+ > Na+, which was attributed to the particle size of SA macromolecules in the corresponding solutions. However, the gradual change in attenuation was consistent with adhesion force observations made for the SA-fouled FO membrane in the later steady-state stage, and there was little difference among M-0 (without f-MWCNTs), M-0.5, and M-1 (with 1% f-MWCNTs). Furthermore, the SA adsorption layer was most compact in the presence of Ca2+, and the flux recovery rate (FRR) was the lowest after simple hydraulic cleaning, but the overall FRRs for FO membranes were greater than 85%. This implies that although a decrease in electrostatic repulsion leads to the formation of a compact fouling layer, an increase in hydration repulsion of hydrated salt ions plays a major role in membrane fouling under high ionic strength conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Zhang
- Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environmental and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environmental and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environmental and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China.
| | - Yongtao Lv
- Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environmental and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environmental and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China
| | - Hanwen Wang
- Research Institute of Membrane Separation Technology of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Membrane Separation of Shaanxi Province, Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resources, Environmental and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Shaanxi Province, School of Environmental & Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Yan Ta Road. No.13, Xi'an, 710055, China
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Advanced thin-film nanocomposite membranes embedded with organic-based nanomaterials for water and organic solvent purification: A review. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.118719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Giagnorio M, Casasso A, Tiraferri A. Environmental sustainability of forward osmosis: The role of draw solute and its management. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2021; 152:106498. [PMID: 33730633 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2021.106498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) is a promising technology for the treatment of complex water and wastewater streams. Studies around FO are focusing on identifying potential applications and on overcoming its technological limitations. Another important aspect to be addressed is the environmental sustainability of FO. With the aim to partially fill this gap, this study presents a life cycle analysis (LCA) of a potential full-scale FO system. From a purely environmental standpoint, results suggest that significantly higher impacts would be associated with the deployment of thermolytic, organic, and fertilizer-based draw solutes, compared to more accessible inorganic compounds. The influent draw osmotic pressure in FO influences the design of the real-scale filtration system and in turn its environmental sustainability. In systems combining FO with a pressure-driven membrane process to recover the draw solute (reverse osmosis or nanofiltration), the environmental sustainability is governed by a trade-off between the energy required by the regeneration step and the draw solution management. With the deployment of environmentally sustainable draw solutes (e.g., NaCl, Na2SO4), the impacts of the FO-based coupled system are almost completely associated to the energy required to run the downstream recovery step. On the contrary, the management of the draw solution, i.e., its replacement and the required additions due to potential losses during the filtration cycles, plays a dominant role in the environmental burdens associated with FO-based systems exploiting less sustainable draw solute, such as MgCl2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Giagnorio
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Casasso
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Alberto Tiraferri
- Department of Environment, Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy; CleanWaterCenter@PoliTo, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
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Blankert B, Van der Bruggen B, Childress AE, Ghaffour N, Vrouwenvelder JS. Potential Pitfalls in Membrane Fouling Evaluation: Merits of Data Representation as Resistance Instead of Flux Decline in Membrane Filtration. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11070460. [PMID: 34206467 PMCID: PMC8304183 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11070460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The manner in which membrane-fouling experiments are conducted and how fouling performance data are represented have a strong impact on both how the data are interpreted and on the conclusions that may be drawn. We provide a couple of examples to prove that it is possible to obtain misleading conclusions from commonly used representations of fouling data. Although the illustrative example revolves around dead-end ultrafiltration, the underlying principles are applicable to a wider range of membrane processes. When choosing the experimental conditions and how to represent fouling data, there are three main factors that should be considered: (I) the foulant mass is principally related to the filtered volume; (II) the filtration flux can exacerbate fouling effects (e.g., concentration polarization and cake compression); and (III) the practice of normalization, as in dividing by an initial value, disregards the difference in driving force and divides the fouling effect by different numbers. Thus, a bias may occur that favors the experimental condition with the lower filtration flux and the less-permeable membrane. It is recommended to: (I) avoid relative fouling performance indicators, such as relative flux decline (J/J0); (II) use resistance vs. specific volume; and (III) use flux-controlled experiments for fouling performance evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastiaan Blankert
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (B.B.); (N.G.)
| | - Bart Van der Bruggen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001 Leuven, Belgium;
- Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Amy E. Childress
- Astani Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA;
| | - Noreddine Ghaffour
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (B.B.); (N.G.)
| | - Johannes S. Vrouwenvelder
- Water Desalination and Reuse Center (WDRC), Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia; (B.B.); (N.G.)
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
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31
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Wang D, Li S, Li F, Li J, Li N, Wang Z. Thin film nanocomposite membrane with triple-layer structure for enhanced water flux and antibacterial capacity. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 770:145370. [PMID: 33736376 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Triple-layered thin film composite (TFC) forward osmosis (FO) membranes prepared on interlayer-based supports have overcome the limitations of conventional porous substrates due to the formation of ultrathin and highly selective polyamide (PA) layers. However, mitigating the internal concentration polarization (ICP) and biofouling of TFC membranes remain a great challenge. Herein, we designed a novel triple-layered thin film nanocomposite (TFN) FO membrane with incorporation of silver (Ag) decorated graphene oxide quantum dots (GOQD) into PA layer via interfacial polymerization on a carbon nanotube (CNT) interlayer-based polyether sulfone substrate. By contrast with the TFC membranes, the newly developed GOQD/Ag incorporated triple-layered TFN membrane (TFN-GOQD/Ag) exhibited a great alleviation for ICP accompanied with a prominently enhanced water flux of 65.8 L·m-2·h-1 and decreased specific reverse salt flux of 1.4 g·m-2·h-1 by employing 1 M NaCl solution as draw solution. Moreover, the TFN-GOQD/Ag membrane possessed prominent antibacterial activity against both E. coli (99.8%) and S. aureus (97.3%). Noteworthy, the obtained TFN membrane demonstrated a controlled release of Ag+ along with long-term antibacterial potential and outstanding fouling resistance during the FO process. This work provides a new avenue to fabricate newly FO membranes with superior performance for water cleaning treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, PR China
| | - Shuya Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, PR China
| | - Fulin Li
- Water Resources Research Institute of Shandong Province, Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environment, Jinan 250014, Shandong, PR China.
| | - Jinmei Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, PR China
| | - Nan Li
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, PR China
| | - Zhining Wang
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, Shandong, PR China.
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32
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Gao L, Liu G, Zamyadi A, Wang Q, Li M. Life-cycle cost analysis of a hybrid algae-based biological desalination - low pressure reverse osmosis system. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 195:116957. [PMID: 33711745 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.116957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 01/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
To fully understand the economic viability and implementation strategy of the emerging algae-based desalination technology, this study investigates the economic aspects of algae-based desalination system by comparing the life-cycle costs of three different scenarios: (1) a multi-stage microalgae based desalination system; (2) a hybrid desalination system based on the combination of microalgae and low pressure reverse osmosis (LPRO) system; and (3) a seawater reverse osmosis (SWRO) desalination system. It is identified that the capital expenditure (CAPEX) and operational expenditure (OPEX) of scenario 1 are significantly higher than those of scenarios 2 and 3, when algal biomass reuse is not taken into consideration. If the revenues obtained from the algal biomass reuse are taken into account, the OPEX of scenario 1 will decrease significantly, and scenarios 2 and 3 will have the highest and lowest OPEX, respectively. However, due to the high CAPEX of scenario 1, the total expenditure (TOTEX) of scenario 1 is still 27% and 33% higher than those of scenarios 2 and 3, respectively. A sensitivity study is undertaken to understand the effects of six key parameters on water total cost for different scenarios. It is suggested that the electricity unit price plays the most important role in determining the water total cost for different scenarios. An uncertainty analysis is also conducted to investigate the effects and limitations of the key assumptions made in this study. It is suggested that the assumption of total dissolved solids (TDS) removal efficiency of microalgae results in a high uncertainty of life-cycle cost analysis (LCCA). Additionally, it is estimated that 1.58 megaton and 0.30 megaton CO2 can be captured by the algae-based desalination process for scenarios 1 and 2, respectively, over 20 years service period, which could result in approximately AU $18 million and AU $3 million indirect financial benefits for scenarios 1 and 2, respectively. When algal biomass reuse, CO2 bio-fixation and land availability are all taken into account, scenario 2 with hybrid desalination system is considered as the most economical and environmentally friendly option.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Gao
- Institute for Sustainable Industries and Liveable Cities, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, Victoria 8001, Australia
| | - Gang Liu
- College of Management and Economics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Arash Zamyadi
- Water Research Australia (WaterRA), Adelaide/Melbourne, South Australia/Victoria, 5001, Australia; Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environment Engineering, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, New South Wales 2052, Australia; Infrastructure Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Qilin Wang
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Ming Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China.
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33
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Pabby A, Swain B, Sonar N, Mittal V, Valsala T, Ramsubramanian S, Sathe D, Bhatt R, Pradhan S. Radioactive waste processing using membranes: State of the art technology, challenges and perspectives. SEPARATION & PURIFICATION REVIEWS 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/15422119.2021.1878221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A.K. Pabby
- INRP(O), Nuclear Recycle Board, BARC, Palghar, Tarapur, India
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences , Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Anushaktinagar, India
| | - B. Swain
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences , Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, Anushaktinagar, India
- INRPC, Nuclear Recycle Board (T), BARC, Maharashtra, Tarapur, India
| | - N.L. Sonar
- INRP(O), Nuclear Recycle Board, BARC, Palghar, Tarapur, India
| | - V.K. Mittal
- INRP(O), Nuclear Recycle Board, BARC, Palghar, Tarapur, India
| | - T.P. Valsala
- INRP(O), Nuclear Recycle Board, BARC, Palghar, Tarapur, India
| | | | - D.B. Sathe
- INRP(O), Nuclear Recycle Board, BARC, Palghar, Tarapur, India
| | - R.B. Bhatt
- INRP(O), Nuclear Recycle Board, BARC, Palghar, Tarapur, India
| | - S. Pradhan
- INRP(O), Nuclear Recycle Board, BARC, Palghar, Tarapur, India
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34
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Kakihana Y, Jullok N, Shibuya M, Ikebe Y, Higa M. Comparison of Pressure-Retarded Osmosis Performance between Pilot-Scale Cellulose Triacetate Hollow-fiber and Polyamide Spiral-Wound Membrane Modules. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11030177. [PMID: 33671075 PMCID: PMC7998957 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11030177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) has recently received attention because of its ability to generate power via an osmotic pressure gradient between two solutions with different salinities: high- and low-salinity water sources. In this study, PRO performance, using the two pilot-scale PRO membrane modules with different configurations—five-inch cellulose triacetate hollow-fiber membrane module (CTA-HF) and eight-inch polyamide spiral-wound membrane modules (PA-SW)—was evaluated by changing the draw solution (DS) concentration, applied hydrostatic pressure difference, and the flow rates of DS and feed solution (FS), to obtain the optimum operating conditions in PRO configuration. The maximum power density per unit membrane area of PA-SW at 0.6 M NaCl was 1.40 W/m2 and 2.03-fold higher than that of CTA-HF, due to the higher water permeability coefficient of PA-SW. In contrast, the maximum power density per unit volume of CTA-SW at 0.6 M NaCl was 4.67 kW/m3 and 6.87-fold higher than that of PA-SW. The value of CTA-HF increased to 13.61 kW/m3 at 1.2 M NaCl and was 12.0-fold higher than that of PA-SW because of the higher packing density of CTA-HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuriko Kakihana
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan; (Y.K.); (M.S.); (Y.I.)
- Blue Energy Center for SGE Technology (BEST), 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan
| | - Nora Jullok
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kompleks Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 3, Jejawi 02600, Perlis, Malaysia;
- Centre of Excellence for Biomass Utilization, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Pusat Pengajian Jejawi 3, Jejawi 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Masafumi Shibuya
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan; (Y.K.); (M.S.); (Y.I.)
| | - Yuki Ikebe
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan; (Y.K.); (M.S.); (Y.I.)
| | - Mitsuru Higa
- Graduate School of Sciences and Technology for Innovation, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8511, Japan; (Y.K.); (M.S.); (Y.I.)
- Blue Energy Center for SGE Technology (BEST), 2-16-1 Tokiwadai, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8611, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-836-85-9203
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Wei J, She Q, Liu X. Insights into the Influence of Membrane Permeability and Structure on Osmotically-Driven Membrane Processes. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11020153. [PMID: 33671725 PMCID: PMC7926744 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11020153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The success of osmotically-driven membrane (OM) technology relies critically on high-performance membranes. Yet trade-off of membrane properties, often further complicated by the strongly non-linear dependence of OM performance on them, imposes important constraint on membrane performance. This work systematically characterized four typical commercial osmotic membranes in terms of intrinsic separation parameters, structure and surface properties. The osmotic separation performance and membrane scaling behavior of these membranes were evaluated to elucidate the interrelationship of these properties. Experimental results revealed that membranes with smaller structural parameter (S) and higher water/solute selectivity underwent lower internal concentration polarization (ICP) and exhibited higher forward osmosis (FO) efficiency (i.e., higher ratio of experimental water flux over theoretical water flux). Under the condition with low ICP, membrane water permeability (A) had dominant effect on water flux. In this case, the investigated thin film composite membrane (TFC, A = 2.56 L/(m2 h bar), S = 1.14 mm) achieved a water flux up to 82% higher than that of the asymmetric cellulose triacetate membrane (CTA-W(P), A = 1.06 L/(m2 h bar), S = 0.73 mm). In contrast, water flux became less dependent on the A value but was affected more by membrane structure under the condition with severe ICP, and the membrane exhibited lower FO efficiency. The ratio of water flux (Jv TFC/Jv CTA-W(P)) decreased to 0.55 when 0.5 M NaCl feed solution and 2 M NaCl draw solution were used. A framework was proposed to evaluate the governing factors under different conditions and to provide insights into the membrane optimization for targeted OM applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wei
- School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China;
- Institute of Environmental Health and Ecological Security, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu, China
- Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore;
| | - Qianhong She
- Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore;
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
- Correspondence:
| | - Xin Liu
- Singapore Membrane Technology Centre, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Cleantech Loop, Singapore 637141, Singapore;
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Daly S, Casey E, Semião AJ. Osmotic backwashing of forward osmosis membranes to detach adhered bacteria and mitigate biofouling. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Commercial Pressure Retarded Osmosis Systems for Seawater Desalination Plants. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11010069. [PMID: 33478037 PMCID: PMC7835981 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11010069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of renewable energy technologies is of global importance. To realize a sustainable society, fossil-resource-independent technologies, such as solar- and wind-power generation, should be widely adopted. Pressure retarded osmosis (PRO) is one such potential renewable energy technology. PRO requires salt water and fresh water, both of which can be found at seawater desalination plants. The total power generation capacity of PRO, using concentrated seawater and fresh water, is 3 GW. A large amount of energy is required for seawater desalination; therefore, the introduction of renewable energy should be prioritized. Kyowakiden Industry Co., Ltd., has been working on introducing PRO to seawater desalination plants since 2001 and is attracting attention for its ongoing PRO pilot plant with a scale of 460 m3/d, using concentrated seawater and treated sewage water. In this study, we evaluated the feasibility of introducing PRO in existing desalination plants. The feasibility was examined based on technology, operation, and economy. Based on the number of seawater desalination plants in each country and the electricity charges, it was determined whether the introduction of PRO would be viable.
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38
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Xu Z, Song X, Xie M, Wang Y, Huda N, Li G, Luo W. Effects of surfactant addition to draw solution on the performance of osmotic membrane bioreactor. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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39
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Xiao Y, Guo Z. Recent advances in biomimetic surfaces inspired by creatures for fog harvesting. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03675k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this review, the recent advances in artificial surfaces for fog harvesting are introduced with emphasis on the surfaces and their mechanisms used to enhance water capture and transportation, providing prospects for coping with water shortages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisu Xiao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan 430000, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiguang Guo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei University, Wuhan 430000, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
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40
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Elsaid K, Kamil M, Sayed ET, Abdelkareem MA, Wilberforce T, Olabi A. Environmental impact of desalination technologies: A review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 748:141528. [PMID: 32818886 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Due to the limited availability of freshwater supplies, desalination has become an increasingly reliable process for water supply worldwide, with proved technical and economic feasibility and advantages. Recently, desalination capacity significantly increased from approximately 35 million m3 daily (MCM/day) in 2005 to about 95 MCM/day in 2018. Seawater desalination accounts for about 61% of global desalination capacity, while brackish water desalination accounts for 30%. Membrane desalination, mainly using reverse osmosis (RO), accounts for ¾ of global desalination capacity, with the rest mostly used for thermal desalination using multi-stage flash distillation (MSF), and multi-effect distillation (MED). Despite the undeniable role of desalination for securing water supply in areas where natural freshwater supplies are scarce, desalination impacts the natural environment at different aspects. Environmental impacts (EIs) of the desalination process are different and vary significantly according to the nature of the utilized feedwater, the desalination technology in use, and the management of waste brine generated. In this work, the EIs of each desalination technology were thoroughly investigated, with careful consideration given to different feedwater qualities, and various brine management techniques. Although the different aspects of desalination EIs have been extensively studied in the literature, the literature lacks comprehensive reviews and summaries of all the associated EIs. This article compiles the different EIs associated with the whole desalination process in one-hub, applying an intake-to-outfall approach. The leading desalination technologies of RO, MSF, and MED were analyzed, along with different feedwaters. This article provides a mapping of the different technologies involving feedwater and brine management techniques and a detailed description of their impact on the environment. Finally, recommendations and conclusions were given to minimize the negative impacts of desalination on both the local and global environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Elsaid
- Chemical Engineering Program, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3122, USA.
| | - Mohammed Kamil
- Department of Mechanical & Nuclear Engineering Department, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Enas Taha Sayed
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Ali Abdelkareem
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Chemical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, Egypt; Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Tabbi Wilberforce
- Institute of Engineering and Energy Technologies, University of the West of Scotland, UK
| | - A Olabi
- Center for Advanced Materials Research, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates; Department of Sustainable and Renewable Energy Engineering, University of Sharjah, 27272 Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
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Abstract
The world is suffering from chronic water shortage due to the increasing population, water pollution and industrialization. Desalinating saline water offers a rational choice to produce fresh water thus resolving the crisis. Among various kinds of desalination technologies, capacitive deionization (CDI) is of significant potential owing to the facile process, low energy consumption, mild working conditions, easy regeneration, low cost and the absence of secondary pollution. The electrode material is an essential component for desalination performance. The most used electrode material is carbon-based material, which suffers from low desalination capacity (under 15 mg·g−1). However, the desalination of saline water with the CDI method is usually the charging process of a battery or supercapacitor. The electrochemical capacity of battery electrode material is relatively high because of the larger scale of charge transfer due to the redox reaction, thus leading to a larger desalination capacity in the CDI system. A variety of battery materials have been developed due to the urgent demand for energy storage, which increases the choices of CDI electrode materials largely. Sodium-ion battery materials, lithium-ion battery materials, chloride-ion battery materials, conducting polymers, radical polymers, and flow battery electrode materials have appeared in the literature of CDI research, many of which enhanced the deionization performances of CDI, revealing a bright future of integrating battery materials with CDI technology.
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Kalafatakis S, Zarebska A, Lange L, Hélix-Nielsen C, Skiadas IV, Gavala HN. Biofouling Mitigation Approaches during Water Recovery from Fermented Broth via Forward Osmosis. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10110307. [PMID: 33121090 PMCID: PMC7693741 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10110307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Forward Osmosis (FO) is a promising technology that can offer sustainable solutions in the biorefinery wastewater and desalination fields, via low energy water recovery. However, microbial biomass and organic matter accumulation on membrane surfaces can hinder the water recovery and potentially lead to total membrane blockage. Biofouling development is a rather complex process and can be affected by several factors such as nutrient availability, chemical composition of the solutions, and hydrodynamic conditions. Therefore, operational parameters like cross-flow velocity and pH of the filtration solution have been proposed as effective biofouling mitigation strategies. Nevertheless, most of the studies have been conducted with the use of rather simple solutions. As a result, biofouling mitigation practices based on such studies might not be as effective when applying complex industrial mixtures. In the present study, the effect of cross-flow velocity, pH, and cell concentration of the feed solution was investigated, with the use of complex solutions during FO separation. Specifically, fermentation effluent and crude glycerol were used as a feed and draw solution, respectively, with the purpose of recirculating water by using FO alone. The effect of the abovementioned parameters on (i) ATP accumulation, (ii) organic foulant deposition, (iii) total water recovery, (iv) reverse glycerol flux, and (v) process butanol rejection has been studied. The main findings of the present study suggest that significant reduction of biofouling can be achieved as a combined effect of high-cross flow velocity and low feed solution pH. Furthermore, cell removal from the feed solution prior filtration may further assist the reduction of membrane blockage. These results may shed light on the challenging, but promising field of FO process dealing with complex industrial solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stavros Kalafatakis
- Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Søltofts Plads 229, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; (S.K.); (L.L.); (I.V.S.)
| | - Agata Zarebska
- Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Department of Environmental Engineering, Miljøvej 113, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; (A.Z.); (C.H.-N.)
| | - Lene Lange
- Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Søltofts Plads 229, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; (S.K.); (L.L.); (I.V.S.)
| | - Claus Hélix-Nielsen
- Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Department of Environmental Engineering, Miljøvej 113, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; (A.Z.); (C.H.-N.)
| | - Ioannis V. Skiadas
- Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Søltofts Plads 229, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; (S.K.); (L.L.); (I.V.S.)
| | - Hariklia N. Gavala
- Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Søltofts Plads 229, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; (S.K.); (L.L.); (I.V.S.)
- Correspondence: or
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Xu J, Tran TN, Lin H, Dai N. Modeling the transport of neutral disinfection byproducts in forward osmosis: Roles of reverse salt flux. WATER RESEARCH 2020; 185:116255. [PMID: 32771562 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2020.116255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The rejection of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) is an important consideration for the application of forward osmosis (FO) in wastewater recycling. However, the transport of organic compounds in FO is not well predicted by existing models, partially because these models have not incorporated the effect of reverse salt flux, a phenomenon previously shown to influence the transport of pharmaceutical compounds. In this study, we investigated the effects of reverse salt flux on DBP transport in FO and the corresponding mechanisms. We used a commercial Aquaporin membrane and tested sixteen DBPs relevant to wastewater recycling. Using draw solutions constituted by NaCl, MgSO4, or glucose in a bench-scale FO system, we first confirmed that higher reverse salt flux resulted in lower DBP permeance. By integrating results from the bench-scale FO system and those from diffusion cell tests, we showed that two mechanisms contributed to the hindered DBP transport: the steric hindrance in the active layer caused by the presence of the draw solute and the retarded diffusion of DBPs in the support layer via a "salting-out" effect. Lastly, we developed a modified solution-diffusion model incorporating these two mechanisms by accounting for the free volume occupied by draw solute molecules in the active layer and by introducing the Setschenow constant, respectively. The modified model significantly improved the prediction of permeance for halogenated DBPs, and revealed the relative importance of steric hindrance (dominant for large DBPs) and retarded diffusion (dominant for hydrophobic DBPs). The modified model did not accurately predict the permeance of nitrosamines, attributable to their extremely high hydrophilicity or large size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Xu
- Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 231 Jarvis Hall, Buffalo, NY, 14260, United States
| | - Thien Ngoc Tran
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, United States
| | - Haiqing Lin
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, United States
| | - Ning Dai
- Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, 231 Jarvis Hall, Buffalo, NY, 14260, United States.
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44
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Wang C, Wang M, Li Y. Effects of sodium dodecyl sulfate on forward osmosis membrane fouling and its cleaning. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 257:127180. [PMID: 32473407 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Effect of sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) on the fouling of a commercial aquaporin based biomimetic forward osmosis (FO) membrane was investigated. Increasing draw solution (DS) concentration and decreasing the cross-flow velocity could aggravate the membrane fouling, and the effect of the latter was greater than the former. SDS as a surfactant could wash away some sodium alginate (SA) and calcium chloride (CaCl2) which were adsorbed on the surface of the membrane. However, SA and CaCl2 tended to form irreversible fouling when SDS had already been on the membrane. When SDS + SA + CaCl2 was used as the feed solution (FS), SDS was first adsorbed on the membrane surface and then SA and CaCl2 interact with SDS; irreversible fouling was formed when the hydrophobic tail of the SDS was adsorbed to the SA, and reversible fouling was formed while Ca2+ (bridged with SA) was bound with the hydrophilic head of the SDS. Afterwards, the cleaning effects of HCl and NaOH solutions on the membrane fouling caused by SDS were studied. The initial normalized flux could be recovered to 0.88 using both methods. Cleaning with HCl solution could slow down the formation of membrane fouling, while cleaning with NaOH solution could damage the aquaporin in the active layer of the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ce Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Zhuoyuan Water-Ecological Environmental Engineering Co., Ltd, Shanghai, 200003, PR China
| | - Meiling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Yongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
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45
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Organic composition in feed solution of forward osmosis membrane systems has no impact on the boron and water flux but reduces scaling. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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46
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Le HQ, Nguyen TXQ, Chen SS, Duong CC, Cao TND, Chang HM, Ray SS, Nguyen NC. Application of progressive freezing on forward osmosis draw solute recovery. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:34664-34674. [PMID: 31401797 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06079-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Progressive freezing is a solvent purification technology with low energy requirements and high concentration efficiency. Although these advantages make it a promising technology, the technique has never been explored for draw solution recovery for forward osmosis (FO). Hence, in this study, the progressive freezing process was used to concentrate three common diluted draw solutions: NaCl, MgCl2, and EDTA-2Na with different ice front speeds, stirring rates, and initial draw solution concentrations. Effective partition and intrinsic partition constants were also evaluated. The results reveal that the freezing process can achieve a draw solution recovery rate of 99.73%, 99.06%, and 98.65% with NaCl, MgCl2, and EDTA-2Na, respectively, using an ice front speed of 0.5 cm/h, a stirring rate of 2.62 m/s, and 30% of percentage of ice phase. Higher concentration efficiency for NaCl and MgCl2 was achieved due to the high solubility of NaCl and MgCl2 increased solute diffusion into the liquid phase solutions. The concentration factors for all three draw solutions exceeded 1.9, indicating that the draw solutes could be reused for the FO process. In addition, the two mass transfer coefficients depended on the ice front speed and the stirring rates were also obtained for scaling up the experiment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huy Quang Le
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, No.1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Dalat University, 01 Phu Dong Thien Vuong Street, Da Lat City, 66000, Vietnam
| | - Thi Xuan Quynh Nguyen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, No.1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Shing Chen
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, No.1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan.
| | - Chinh Cong Duong
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, No.1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
- Southern Institute of Water Resources Research, 658 Vo Van Kiet Street, District 5, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Thanh Ngoc-Dan Cao
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, No.1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
- Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 300A Nguyen Tat Thanh Street, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Vietnam
| | - Hau-Ming Chang
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, No.1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
| | - Saikat Sinha Ray
- Institute of Environmental Engineering and Management, National Taipei University of Technology, No.1, Sec. 3, Zhongxiao E. Rd, Taipei, 10608, Taiwan
| | - Nguyen Cong Nguyen
- Faculty of Environment and Natural Resources, Dalat University, 01 Phu Dong Thien Vuong Street, Da Lat City, 66000, Vietnam
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47
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Peng LE, Yao Z, Chen J, Guo H, Tang CY. Highly selective separation and resource recovery using forward osmosis membrane assembled by polyphenol network. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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48
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Pejman M, Dadashi Firouzjaei M, Aghapour Aktij S, Das P, Zolghadr E, Jafarian H, Arabi Shamsabadi A, Elliott M, Sadrzadeh M, Sangermano M, Rahimpour A, Tiraferri A. In Situ Ag-MOF Growth on Pre-Grafted Zwitterions Imparts Outstanding Antifouling Properties to Forward Osmosis Membranes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:36287-36300. [PMID: 32677425 PMCID: PMC8009475 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a polyamide forward osmosis membrane was functionalized with zwitterions followed by the in situ growth of metal-organic frameworks with silver as a metal core (Ag-MOFs) to improve its antibacterial and antifouling activity. First, 3-bromopropionic acid was grafted onto the membrane surface after its activation with N,N-diethylethylenediamine. Then, the in situ growth of Ag-MOFs was achieved by a simple membrane immersion sequentially in a silver nitrate solution and in a ligand solution (2-methylimidazole), exploiting the underlying zwitterions as binding sites for the metal. The successful membrane functionalization and the enhanced surface wettability were verified through an array of characterization techniques. When evaluated in forward osmosis tests, the modified membranes exhibited high performance and improved permeability compared to pristine membranes. Static antibacterial experiments, evaluated by confocal microscopy and colony-forming unit plate count, resulted in a 77% increase in the bacterial inhibition rate due to the activity of the Ag-MOFs. Microscopy micrographs of the Escherichia coli bacteria suggested the deterioration of the biological cells. The antifouling properties of the functionalized membranes translated into a significantly lower flux decline in forward osmosis filtrations. These modified surfaces displayed negligible depletion of silver ions over 30 days, confirming the stable immobilization of Ag-MOFs on their surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Pejman
- Department of Environment,
Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Mostafa Dadashi Firouzjaei
- Department of Civil,
Construction and Environmental Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Sadegh Aghapour Aktij
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, 10-367
Donadeo Innovation Center for Engineering, Advanced Water Research
Lab (AWRL), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
- Department
of Chemical & Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Parnab Das
- Department of Civil,
Construction and Environmental Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Ehsan Zolghadr
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Hesam Jafarian
- Department of Mining and Metallurgical
Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 159163-4311, Iran
| | - Ahmad Arabi Shamsabadi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Mark Elliott
- Department of Civil,
Construction and Environmental Engineering, University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| | - Mohtada Sadrzadeh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, 10-367
Donadeo Innovation Center for Engineering, Advanced Water Research
Lab (AWRL), University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Marco Sangermano
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico
di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
| | - Ahmad Rahimpour
- Department of Environment,
Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Department
of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico
di Torino, Corso Duca Degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
- Department of Chemical
Engineering, Babol Noshirvani University
of Technology, Shariati Avenue, Babol Mazandaran, 4714871167, Iran
| | - Alberto Tiraferri
- Department of Environment,
Land and Infrastructure Engineering (DIATI), Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy
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49
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Khraisheh M, Dawas N, Nasser MS, Al-Marri MJ, Hussien MA, Adham S, McKay G. Osmotic pressure estimation using the Pitzer equation for forward osmosis modelling. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2020; 41:2533-2545. [PMID: 30681405 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2019.1575476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Forward osmosis (FO) has received widespread recognition in the past decade due to its potential low energy production of water. This study presents a new model analysis for predicting the water flux in FO systems when inorganic-based draw solutions are used under variable experimental conditions for using a laboratory scale cross-flow single cell unit. The new model accounts for the adverse impact of concentration polarization (both ICP and ECP) incorporating the water activity by Pitzer to calculate the bulk osmotic pressures. Using the water activity provides a better correlation of experimental data than the classical van't Hoff equation. The nonlinear model also gave a better estimate for the structural parameter factor (S) of the membrane in its solution. Furthermore, the temperature and concentration of both the draw and feed solutions played a significant role in increasing the water flux, which could be interpreted in terms of the mass transfer coefficient representing ECP; a factor sensitive to the hydraulics of the system. The model provides greatly improved correlations for the experimental water fluxes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Khraisheh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - N Dawas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - M S Nasser
- Gas Processing Center, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - M J Al-Marri
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
- Gas Processing Center, College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Muataz A Hussien
- Qatar Environmental and Energy Research Institute (QEERI), Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - S Adham
- ConocoPhillips Global Water, Qatar Science and Technology Park, Doha, Qatar
| | - G McKay
- Division of Sustainable Development, College of Science and Engineering, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
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50
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Lian X, Liu W, Xie J, Shi Q, Yao S, Guo Y, Zhang Y. Enhancing the permeability of reverse osmosis membrane by embedding the star‐like rigid supports in the substrate. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiangyang Lian
- College of Materials Science and Engineering North China University of Science and Technology Tangshan Hebei China
| | - Wanjun Liu
- College of Science North China University of Science and Technology Tangshan Hebei China
| | - Jianqiang Xie
- College of Materials Science and Engineering North China University of Science and Technology Tangshan Hebei China
| | - Qiang Shi
- College of Materials Science and Engineering North China University of Science and Technology Tangshan Hebei China
| | - Shaowei Yao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering North China University of Science and Technology Tangshan Hebei China
| | - Yuexin Guo
- College of Pharmacy North China University of Science and Technology Tangshan Hebei China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering Tianjin Chengjian University Tianjin China
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