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Chen R, Chen T, Zhou Y, Li L, Li L, Zhu N, Li Z, Wang Y, Jiang G. Characteristics of disinfection byproducts from dissolved organic matter during chlor(am)ination of source water in Tibetan Plateau, China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 947:174628. [PMID: 38992371 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.174628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2024] [Revised: 07/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
The Tibetan Plateau, a typical high-altitude area, is less affected by human activities such as industrial development, and the external pollution to water sources is extremely low. Then it is also an important source of water samples for exploring the molecular characteristics of precursors in the dissolved organic matter (DOM) of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) in drinking water. Research data on DBPs in drinking water on the Tibet Plateau remains insufficient, leading to uncertainty about DBP contamination in the area. This study explores the formation potential of 35 typical DBPs, including 6 trihalomethanes (THMs), 9 haloacetic acids (HAAs), 2 halogenated ketones (HKs), 9 nitrosamines (NAs), and 9 aromatic DBPs, during chlorination and chloramination of typical source water samples in the Tibet Plateau of China. Moreover, in order to further investigate the characteristics of the generation of DBPs, the molecular composition of DOM in the collected water samples was characterized by Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry. The findings reveal that, for chlorination and chloramination, the average concentration of the five classes of DBPs was ranked as follows (chlorination, chloramination): HAAs (268.1 μg/L, 54.2 μg/L) > THMs (44.0 μg/L, 2.0 μg/L) > HKs (0.7 μg/L, 1.8 μg/L) > NAs (26.5 ng/L, 74.6 ng/L) > Aromatics (20.4 ng/L, 19.5 ng/L). The dominant compounds in THMs, HAAs, and NAs are trichloromethane, dichloroacetic acid, trichloroacetic acid, and nitrosopyrrolidine, respectively. This study highlights a significant positive correlation between DBP generation and UV254, SUV254, and the double bond equivalents of DOM in the source water. It systematically elucidates DOM molecular composition characteristics and DBP formation potential in high-altitude water sources, shedding light on key factors influencing DBP generation at the molecular level in high-altitude areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Chen
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tianyu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yukun Zhou
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Linfeng Li
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lingxiangyu Li
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Nali Zhu
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhigang Li
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Yawei Wang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guibing Jiang
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China; State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Swinamer R, Anderson LE, Redden D, Bjorndahl P, Campbell J, Krkošek WH, Gagnon GA. Climate-Driven Increases in Source Water Natural Organic Matter: Implications for the Sustainability of Drinking Water Treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:11958-11969. [PMID: 38922292 PMCID: PMC11238540 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c01894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 06/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
This study presents an updated analysis spanning over two decades (1999-2023) of climate, water quality, and operational data from two drinking water facilities in Atlantic Canada that previously experienced gradual increases in the natural organic matter (NOM) concentration and brownification. The goal was to assess the impact of recent extreme weather events on acute NOM concentration increases and drinking water treatment processes. In 2023, a dry spring combined with a warm and wet summer caused NOM in the water supplies to increase by >67% (as measured by color). To mitigate increased NOM concentration, the alum dose nearly doubled in 2023 compared to that in 2022. Disinfection byproducts were elevated following the event but remained within the compliance levels. From 1999 to 2023, the two plants responded to gradual climate change impacts and brownification, with alum dose increases of between 4.1 and 8.3 times. Equivalent CO2 emissions were estimated for alum usage, which increased by 3 to 7-fold in 2023 compared to when the plants were commissioned decades prior. The plants were not only adversely impacted by climate change but also contributed to the global CO2 burden. Thus, a paradigm shift toward sustainable alternatives for NOM removal is required in the water sector, and climate change adaptation and mitigation principles are urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Swinamer
- Centre
for Water Resources Studies, Faculty of Engineering, Dalhousie University, 1360 Barrington Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Lindsay E. Anderson
- Centre
for Water Resources Studies, Faculty of Engineering, Dalhousie University, 1360 Barrington Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Dave Redden
- Centre
for Water Resources Studies, Faculty of Engineering, Dalhousie University, 1360 Barrington Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Paul Bjorndahl
- Department
of Mathematics & Statistics, Dalhousie
University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Jessica Campbell
- Halifax
Water, 450 Cowie Hill
Road, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3P 2 V3, Canada
| | - Wendy H. Krkošek
- Halifax
Water, 450 Cowie Hill
Road, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3P 2 V3, Canada
| | - Graham A. Gagnon
- Centre
for Water Resources Studies, Faculty of Engineering, Dalhousie University, 1360 Barrington Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 4R2, Canada
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Pedregal-Montes A, Jennings E, Kothawala D, Jones K, Sjöstedt J, Langenheder S, Marcé R, Farré MJ. Disinfection by-product formation potential in response to variability in dissolved organic matter and nutrient inputs: Insights from a mesocosm study. WATER RESEARCH 2024; 258:121791. [PMID: 38830291 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2024.121791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Changes in rainfall patterns driven by climate change affect the transport of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and nutrients through runoff to freshwater systems. This presents challenges for drinking water providers. DOM, which is a heterogeneous mix of organic molecules, serves as a critical precursor for disinfection by-products (DBPs) which are associated with adverse health effects. Predicting DBP formation is complex due to changes in DOM concentration and composition in source waters, intensified by altered rainfall frequency and intensity. We employed a novel mesocosm approach to investigate the response of DBP precursors to variability in DOM composition and inorganic nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus, export to lakes. Three distinct pulse event scenarios, mimicking extreme, intermittent, and continuous runoff were studied. Simultaneous experiments were conducted at two boreal lakes with distinct DOM composition, as reflected in their color (brown and clear lakes), and bromide content, using standardized methods. Results showed primarily site-specific changes in DBP precursors, some heavily influenced by runoff variability. Intermittent and daily pulse events in the clear-water mesocosms exhibited higher haloacetonitriles (HANs) formation potential linked to freshly produced protein-like DOM enhanced by light availability. In contrast, trihalomethanes (THMs), associated with humic-like DOM, showed no significant differences between pulse events in the brown-water mesocosms. Elevated bromide concentration in the clear mesocosms critically influenced THMs speciation and concentrations. These findings contribute to understanding how changing precipitation patterns impact the dynamics of DBP formation, thereby offering insights for monitoring the mobilization and alterations of DBP precursors within catchment areas and lake ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Pedregal-Montes
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Carrer Emili Grahit 101, Parc Científic i Tecnològic de la Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain; University of Girona, Plaça de Sant Domènec 3, 17004 Girona, Spain.
| | - Eleanor Jennings
- Centre for Freshwater and Environmental Studies, Dundalk Institute of Technology, A91 K584 Dundalk, Ireland
| | - Dolly Kothawala
- Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Kevin Jones
- Department of Biology, Aquatic Ecology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Johanna Sjöstedt
- Department of Biology, Aquatic Ecology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; School of Business, Innovation and Sustainability, Halmstad University, Halmstad, Sweden
| | - Silke Langenheder
- Department of Ecology and Genetics/Limnology, Uppsala University, SE-75236 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rafael Marcé
- Centre for Advanced Studies of Blanes (CEAB), Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), 17300 Blanes, Spain
| | - Maria José Farré
- Catalan Institute for Water Research (ICRA), Carrer Emili Grahit 101, Parc Científic i Tecnològic de la Universitat de Girona, 17003 Girona, Spain; University of Girona, Plaça de Sant Domènec 3, 17004 Girona, Spain.
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Yang W, Fang C, Bond T, Luan X, Xiao R, Xu Z, Chu W. Stormwater discharge: An overlooked source of disinfection byproduct precursors. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 461:132720. [PMID: 37813036 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Discharge from the stormwater system is as an important pathway for contaminant transport, impacting the quantity and characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in surface water, and thus the formation of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) during downstream drinking water disinfection. In this study, DOM in stormwater pipes was characterized by size-exclusion chromatography, and the formation of 27 DBPs and halogen-specific total organic halogen (TOX) following chlorination was investigated. Overall, DOM in stormwater pipes was characterized by low molecular weight compounds and microbial-derived organics. Total DBP concentrations in chlorinated stormwaters were ∼1-15 times higher than in chlorinated surface waters. DBPs formed in stormwaters were dominated by trihalomethanes and haloacetic acids. Moreover, the DBP-associated toxicity of chlorinated stormwaters was ∼1-38 times higher than in chlorinated surface waters, and mainly due to the presence of large amount of haloacetaldehydes and haloacetonitriles. Sampling during a rainfall event suggested that stormwater discharge significantly increased DBP precursors in the surface water. The high formation and estimated toxicity of DBPs in stormwater discharge indicates this is an overlooked source of DBP precursors, posing a threat to the aquatic environment and potentially drinking water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Chao Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tom Bond
- School of Sustainability, Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7XH, UK
| | - Xinmiao Luan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Rong Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zuxin Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wenhai Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Yuan Y, Li Q, Deng J, Ma X, Liao X, Zou J, Li G, Chen G, Dai H. Rainwater extracting characteristics and its potential impact on DBPs generation: A case study. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167282. [PMID: 37769737 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Frequent extreme precipitation events due to global warming can lead to large amounts of pollutants entering source water bodies via surface runoff and wet deposition, thus posing a threat to water supply security. In order to better understand the source characteristics and leaching mechanisms of rainwater dissolved organic matter (DOM), as well as its disinfection by-products formation potential (DBPsFP) during disinfection processes, rainwater samples were collected and extracting experiments were conducted. Three components were identified in rainwater through Parallel factor (PARAFAC) analysis, which were microbial humic-like component C1 (63.1 %), protein (tryptophan-like) component C2 (28.9 %), marine or terrestrial humic-like component C3 (8.1 %). The average molecular weight of rainwater fractions was ordered: hydrophobic neutral (HON) < hydrophobic bases (HOB) < hydrophobic acidic (HOA) < hydrophilic (HIS). The HOA and HON fractions of rainwater were the dominant precursors of trihalomethanes (THMs), while the rainwater HON fraction and hydrophilic fraction were the main precursor of haloacetic acids (HAAs) and trihloroacetonitrile (TCAN), respectively. Subsoil extracts had a higher concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) than topsoil extracts. Partial least squares path modeling (PLS-PM) demonstrated that the extraction temperature was the dominant factor affecting the abundance of DOM in the topsoil extracts (R2 = 0.28), while the extraction time accounted more for the abundance of fluorescence substance and physicochemical indices in the subsoil extracts (R2 = 0.23 and 0.32, respectively). These results provide key information for controlling the impacts of global warming, in particular the risk of water sources being heavily contaminated by request rainfalls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujin Yuan
- Water Resources and Environmental Institute, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361005, China; Key Laboratory of Water Resources Utilization and Protection, Xiamen City, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Qingsong Li
- Water Resources and Environmental Institute, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361005, China; Key Laboratory of Water Resources Utilization and Protection, Xiamen City, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Jing Deng
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xiaoyan Ma
- College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Xiaobin Liao
- College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Jing Zou
- College of Civil Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China.
| | - Guoxin Li
- Water Resources and Environmental Institute, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Guoyuan Chen
- Water Resources and Environmental Institute, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361005, China.
| | - Huilin Dai
- Water Resources and Environmental Institute, Xiamen University of Technology, Xiamen 361005, China
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6
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Kozari A, Voutsa D. Impact of climate change on formation of nitrogenous disinfection by products. Part I: Sea level rise and flooding events. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 901:166041. [PMID: 37543335 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
Climate change causes heavy rainfall incidents and sea level rise, which have serious impact on the availability and quality of water resources. These extreme phenomena lead to the rise of external and internal precursors in water reservoirs, and consequently affect the formation of disinfection by-products (DBPs). The aim of this study was to investigate the formation of nitrogenous_DBPs (N-DBPs) under extreme conditions caused by climate change. For this reason, two scenarios were adapted: a) sea level rise leading to increase of water salinity and b) heavy rainfall incidents leading to flooding events. The target-compounds were haloacetonitriles (HANs), haloacetamides (HAcAms) and halonitromethane (TCNM). Chlorination and chloramination were employed as disinfection processes under different doses (5 and 10 mg/L) and contact times (24 and 72 h). The results showed enhancement on the formation of N-DBPs and changes in their profile. Sea level rise scenario led to elevated concentrations of brominated species (maximum concentration of dibromoacetonitrile 23 μg/L and maximum concentration of bromoacetamide 57 μg/L), while flooding events scenario led to extended formation of chloroacetamide and bromochloroacetonitrile up to 58 μg/L and 40 μg/L, respectively. At the same time, changes in cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of the samples were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Argyri Kozari
- Environmental Pollution Control Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Dimitra Voutsa
- Environmental Pollution Control Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Aristotle University, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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Li Q, Wang B, Zhang Q, Huang J, Ding S, Xie H, Feng Y. Water quality and periphyton functional response to input of dissolved manure-derived hydrochars (DHCs). JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 318:115541. [PMID: 35777158 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.115541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Dissolved organic matter (DOM) plays a critical role in the global carbon cycle and provides food and energy for aquatic organisms. Recently, hydrochar, as a solid carbonaceous substance derived from hydrothermal carbonization, has been increasingly used as a soil amendment. Upon entering the soil, dissolved components (DHCs) were released from hydrochar as exogenous DOM, finally entering the aquatic ecosystems by runoff, which participates in environmental geochemical processes. However, relevant reports revealing the response of the aquatic ecosystem to the input of DHCs remain insufficiently elucidated. For the first time, the fundamental features of DHCs and their influence on water quality and aquatic biological function were investigated in this study. DHCs at 260 °C (DHC260) had lower yields, a greater [C/N], worse biodegradability, and larger humic acid relative amounts than did DHCs at 180 °C (DHC180). The DHC structural alterations in periphyton-incubated aquatic ecosystems suggested that protein substances were more easily degraded or assimilated by periphyton, especially for DHC180, with rates of decrease of 34.5-63.5%. The increased chemical oxygen demand (COD) degradation in the DHC260 treatments was most likely due to humic acid substances with higher COD equivalents. Furthermore, DHC260 caused phosphorus to accumulate in periphyton, reducing aquatic phosphorus concentration. Notably, the abundances of Flavobacteria and Cyanobacteria associated with water blooms increased 12.7-25.5- and 1.3-8.3-fold, respectively; consequently, the promotional impact of DHCs on algal blooms should be considered. This result extends the nonnegligible role of DHCs in aquatic ecosystems and underlines the need to regulate the hydrochar application process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoqiao Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Bingyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Qiuyue Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China; Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, National Agricultural Experiment Station for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China
| | - Junxia Huang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China
| | - Shudong Ding
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, National Agricultural Experiment Station for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
| | - Huifang Xie
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of Environmental and Biological Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210094, China.
| | - Yanfang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain, National Agricultural Experiment Station for Agricultural Environment, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, 210014, China; School of the Environment and Safety Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212001, China
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Changes in the Dissolved Organic Matter Characteristics Released from Sediment According to Precipitation in the Namhan River with Weirs: A Laboratory Experiment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19094958. [PMID: 35564354 PMCID: PMC9101428 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19094958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, changes in the properties of dissolved organic matter (DOM) released from sediments into water layers were investigated. To analyze the spatial and temporal variation in dissolved organic carbon (DOC), sediment and bottom water samples were collected upstream of the Gangcheon, Yeoju, and Ipo weirs of the Namhan River during the rainy and non-rainy seasons. The initial DOC was correlated with precipitation (R2 = 0.295, p = 0.034) and residence time (R2 = 0.275, p = 0.040). The change in the bottom water DOC concentration resulted from the DOC released from the sediments, which may cause water quality issues in the bottom water. The fluorescence analysis revealed that the DOM contained higher levels of hydrophilic and low-molecular-weight (LMW) organic matter in the non-rainy season and higher levels of hydrophobic and high-molecular-weight (HMW) organic matter in the rainy season. Since the Namhan River is the main resource of drinking water for the Seoul metropolitan area, our results can help to optimize the drinking water treatment process by reflecting the DOM characteristics that vary with the seasons. Furthermore, the statistical analysis confirmed that the nutrient content of pore-water and sediment can be used to estimate the DOM release rate from the sediment to the water layer. The results of this study provide a better understanding of DOM movement in aquatic ecosystems and the influences of rainfall on the water quality of the surface waterbody.
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Liu D, Lu K, Yu H, Gao H, Xu W. Applying synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy conjunct second derivative and two-dimensional correlation to analyze the interactions of copper (II) with dissolved organic matter from an urbanized river. Talanta 2021; 235:122738. [PMID: 34517606 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Heavy metal speciation and distribution is significantly influenced by dissolved organic matter (DOM) exhibited in ecosystems, particularly in urbanized rivers. Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy (SFS) conjunct second derivative and two-dimensional correlation spectroscopy (2D-COS) was devoted to characterizing interactions of DOM-copper (II). Three typical water samples were collected from Baitapu River. Only protein-like fluorescence (PLF) and fulvic-like (FLF) were identified from the SFS. Stability constant (log K) values of PLF complexes with copper (II) varied from 4.277 to 5.833, and proportion of binding fluorescent materials (f) were 0.054-2.640. The log K values of FLF complexes with copper (II) varied from 3.996 to 4.243, while the f values were 0.001-0.036. Obviously, PLF had much stronger complexing capacity than FLF. There were four obvious peaks in the principal component analysis and second derivative fluorescence spectroscopy (SDFS), i.e., tyrosine-like (TYLF), tryptophan-like (TRLF), microbial humus-like (MHLF) and FLF. The log K values of TYLF and TRLF complexes were 4.899-5.907 and 4.598-5.831, respectively, which were similar to those from PLF. The log K values of MHLF complexes varied from 4.311 to 5.760, and the f values were 0.261-8.688. The log K values of FLF complexes were ranged from 4.598 to 5.831, which were higher than those deduced from the SFS. Interestingly, by the SDSF, PLF was divided into TYLF and TRLF, which increased the parameters values from DOM-copper (II) complexes. 2D-SFS-COS revealed that the TRLF was more susceptive response to copper (II) appended than TYLF, MHLF, and FLF. Moreover, TYLF and TRLF could priorly interact with copper (II). The SDSF conjunct 2D-COS could be effective approaches for insight into the complexing heterogeneity of DOM with copper (II). The study could present a support to preventing heavy metals and organic pollution in urbanized rivers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Kuotian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Huibin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Hongjie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
| | - Weining Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
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Zeng JS, Tung HH, Wang GS. Effects of temperature and microorganism densities on disinfection by-product formation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 794:148627. [PMID: 34217083 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the role of microorganisms on the correlation between temperature changes and disinfection by-product formation in natural waters. Climate changes have resulted in an increase in the global surface temperature. Studies have revealed that increases in temperature may change the composition of dissolved organic matter (DOM), which may contain major disinfection by-product (DBP) precursors. This change in the DOM composition may affect DBP formation after conventional water treatment processes. Understanding the role of microorganisms in DOM composition as well as DBP formation and speciation is critical for controlling DBP formation. In this study, laboratory stimulatory experiments were conducted on water samples from various sources, at various temperatures, and with various microbial concentrations. The results revealed a decreasing trend of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP), and haloacetic acid formation potential (HAAFP) at high temperature incubations irrespective of microbial concentrates. This result may be attributed to the fact that microorganism activities or concentrations in water increase at higher temperatures, which may result in higher DOC consumption and lower DBP formation. Water samples spiked with bacteria concentrates exhibited higher THMFP or HAAFP reduction than did samples without bacteria concentrates. A higher biomass in water may contribute to a higher consumption of DOC and consequently lower DBP formation potentials, especially at high incubation temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Syuan Zeng
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Science, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hsin Tung
- Institute of Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Gen-Shuh Wang
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Science, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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