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Majchrzak-Celińska A, Studzińska-Sroka E. New Avenues and Major Achievements in Phytocompounds Research for Glioblastoma Therapy. Molecules 2024; 29:1682. [PMID: 38611962 PMCID: PMC11013944 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Phytocompounds have been evaluated for their anti-glioblastoma actions for decades, with promising results from preclinical studies but only limited translation into clinics. Indeed, by targeting multiple signaling pathways deregulated in cancer, they often show high efficacy in the in vitro studies, but their poor bioavailability, low tumor accumulation, and rapid clearance compromise their efficacy in vivo. Here, we present the new avenues in phytocompound research for the improvement of glioblastoma therapy, including the ways to enhance the response to temozolomide using phytochemicals, the current focus on phytocompound-based immunotherapy, or the use of phytocompounds as photosensitizers in photodynamic therapy. Moreover, we present new, intensively evaluated approaches, such as chemical modifications of phytochemicals or encapsulation into numerous types of nanoformulations, to improve their bioavailability and delivery to the brain. Finally, we present the clinical trials evaluating the role of phytocompounds or phytocompound-derived drugs in glioblastoma therapy and the less studied phytocompounds or plant extracts that have only recently been found to possess promising anti-glioblastoma properties. Overall, recent advancements in phytocompound research are encouraging; however, only with more 3D glioblastoma models, in vivo studies, and clinical trials it is possible to upgrade the role of phytocompounds in glioblastoma treatment to a satisfactory level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Majchrzak-Celińska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 Str., 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Studzińska-Sroka
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 Str., 60-806 Poznan, Poland;
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Atanda H, Balogun TA, Alshehri MM, Olivos-Ramirez G, Vilca-Quispe J, Chenet-Zuta M, Cárdenas-Cárdenas R, Delgado Wong H, Ropón-Palacios G, Umar HI. In silico study revealed the inhibitory activity of selected phytomolecules of C. rotundus against VacA implicated in gastric ulcer. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:10713-10724. [PMID: 36571437 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2160814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Gastric ulcer is associated with weakening of the mucous coating of the stomach and damages to the intestinal lining. It is caused by H. pylori assisted by enzymes including VacA, which necessitates the need for inhibitors of VacA. Bioactive compounds from Cyperus rotundus have been documented to have anti-inflammatory activities. However, the mechanism of action of the phytochemicals is not characterized. This research aimed to assess, in silico, the potential of selected bioactive compounds against VacA based on the binding to its active sites. VacA and bioactive compounds structures were obtained from protein database and PubChem webserver, respectively. All compounds, including 2 controls, omeprazole and cimetidine were docked against the protein using AutoDock Vina and screened based on the binding energy. The selected complexes were subjected to pharmacokinetics and toxicity screening. Finally, molecular dynamics simulation and MMPBSA were carried out on two best compounds. 17 compounds interacted with the active site of VacA with higher binding affinities, with 7 of them - aureusidine, catechin, chlorogenic acid, isorhamnetin, isovitexin, oreintin, and vitexin having the best behaviours based on ADMET and druglikeness screening. Molecular dynamics and MMPBSA experiments of two of the hits corroborated good stability and binding energy for Ellagic Acid and Scirpusin B (ΔG = -14.38 and -13.20 kcal mol-1, respectively). These phytochemicals showed good pharmacokinetic profiles with respect to the control drugs. This study revealed that the identified compounds of C. rotundus may serve as VacA inhibitors and may be potent candidates for novel drug formulations in gastric ulcer treatment.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halimat Atanda
- Department of Biotechnology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Computer-Aided Therapeutic Discovery and Design Group, FUTA, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Toheeb Adewale Balogun
- Computer-Aided Therapeutic Discovery and Design Group, FUTA, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Adekunle Ajasin University, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
| | - Mohammed M Alshehri
- Pharmaceutical Care Department, Ministry of National Guard-Health Affairs, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gustavo Olivos-Ramirez
- Laboratório de Modelagem Computacional - LaModel, Instituto de Ciências Exatas - ICEx, Universidade Federal de Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, Brasil
| | - Julissa Vilca-Quispe
- Laboratório de Modelagem Computacional - LaModel, Instituto de Ciências Exatas - ICEx, Universidade Federal de Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, Brasil
| | - Manuel Chenet-Zuta
- Universidad Nacional Tecnológica de Lima Sur UNTELS, Villa el Salvador, Perú
| | - Reyna Cárdenas-Cárdenas
- Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos, Peru
| | - Henry Delgado Wong
- Laboratorio de Farmacología y Toxicología de la Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica de la Universidad Nacional de la Amazonia Peruana, Villa el Salvador, Perú
| | - Georcki Ropón-Palacios
- Laboratório de Modelagem Computacional - LaModel, Instituto de Ciências Exatas - ICEx, Universidade Federal de Alfenas - UNIFAL-MG, Alfenas, Brasil
| | - Haruna Isiyaku Umar
- Computer-Aided Therapeutic Discovery and Design Group, FUTA, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Ondo State, Nigeria
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Čižmáriková M, Michalková R, Mirossay L, Mojžišová G, Zigová M, Bardelčíková A, Mojžiš J. Ellagic Acid and Cancer Hallmarks: Insights from Experimental Evidence. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1653. [PMID: 38002335 PMCID: PMC10669545 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a complex and multifaceted disease with a high global incidence and mortality rate. Although cancer therapy has evolved significantly over the years, numerous challenges persist on the path to effectively combating this multifaceted disease. Natural compounds derived from plants, fungi, or marine organisms have garnered considerable attention as potential therapeutic agents in the field of cancer research. Ellagic acid (EA), a natural polyphenolic compound found in various fruits and nuts, has emerged as a potential cancer prevention and treatment agent. This review summarizes the experimental evidence supporting the role of EA in targeting key hallmarks of cancer, including proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis evasion, immune evasion, inflammation, genomic instability, and more. We discuss the molecular mechanisms by which EA modulates signaling pathways and molecular targets involved in these cancer hallmarks, based on in vitro and in vivo studies. The multifaceted actions of EA make it a promising candidate for cancer prevention and therapy. Understanding its impact on cancer biology can pave the way for developing novel strategies to combat this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Čižmáriková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Radka Michalková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Ladislav Mirossay
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Gabriela Mojžišová
- Center of Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia;
| | - Martina Zigová
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Annamária Bardelčíková
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
| | - Ján Mojžiš
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, 040 01 Košice, Slovakia; (M.Č.); (R.M.); (M.Z.); (A.B.)
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Deepika, Maurya PK. Ellagic acid: insight into its protective effects in age-associated disorders. 3 Biotech 2022; 12:340. [PMID: 36340805 PMCID: PMC9633905 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-022-03409-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The disparity in the free radical generation and the production of antioxidants to counteract its effect is known as oxidative stress. Oxidative stress causes damage to the macromolecules such as lipids, carbohydrates, proteins, and DNA and RNA. The oxidative damage to the cellular components leads to a process of aging and various age-associated disorders. The literature survey for this review was done using PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. The papers showing the studies related to aging and age-associated disorders have been selected for reviewing this paper. Ellagic acid has been used as the keyword, and more emphasis has been put on papers from the last 10 years. However, some papers with significant studies prior to 10 years have also been considered. Almost 250 papers have been studied for reviewing this paper, and about 135 papers have been cited. Ellagic acid (EA) is present in high quantities in pomegranate and various types of berries. It is known to possess the antioxidant potential and protects from the harmful effects of free radicals. Various studies have shown its effect to protect cardiovascular, neurodegenerative, cancer, and diabetes. The present review focuses on the protective effect of ellagic acid in age-associated disorders. The effect of EA has been studied in various chronic disorders but the scope of this review is limited to cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative disorders. All the disease aspects have not been addressed in this particular review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, 123031 India
| | - Pawan Kumar Maurya
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh, 123031 India
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Advances in Dietary Phenolic Compounds to Improve Chemosensitivity of Anticancer Drugs. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14194573. [PMID: 36230494 PMCID: PMC9558505 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Several dietary phenolic compounds isolated from medicinal plants exert significant anticancer effects via several mechanisms. They induce apoptosis, autophagy, telomerase inhibition, and angiogenesis. Certain dietary phenolic compounds increase the effectiveness of drugs used in conventional chemotherapy. Some clinical uses of dietary phenolic compounds for treating certain cancers have shown remarkable therapeutic results, suggesting effective incorporation in anticancer treatments in combination with traditional chemotherapeutic agents. Abstract Despite the significant advances and mechanistic understanding of tumor processes, therapeutic agents against different types of cancer still have a high rate of recurrence associated with the development of resistance by tumor cells. This chemoresistance involves several mechanisms, including the programming of glucose metabolism, mitochondrial damage, and lysosome dysfunction. However, combining several anticancer agents can decrease resistance and increase therapeutic efficacy. Furthermore, this treatment can improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy. This work focuses on the recent advances in using natural bioactive molecules derived from phenolic compounds isolated from medicinal plants to sensitize cancer cells towards chemotherapeutic agents and their application in combination with conventional anticancer drugs. Dietary phenolic compounds such as resveratrol, gallic acid, caffeic acid, rosmarinic acid, sinapic acid, and curcumin exhibit remarkable anticancer activities through sub-cellular, cellular, and molecular mechanisms. These compounds have recently revealed their capacity to increase the sensitivity of different human cancers to the used chemotherapeutic drugs. Moreover, they can increase the effectiveness and improve the therapeutic index of some used chemotherapeutic agents. The involved mechanisms are complex and stochastic, and involve different signaling pathways in cancer checkpoints, including reactive oxygen species signaling pathways in mitochondria, autophagy-related pathways, proteasome oncogene degradation, and epigenetic perturbations.
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Cetin A, Biltekin B, Ozevren H. Antitumor activity of irinotecan with ellagic acid in C6 glioma cells. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2022; 68:939-944. [PMID: 35946772 PMCID: PMC9574968 DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.20220130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Irinotecan-based combination chemotherapies in malignant gliomas need to be examined. The aim of this study was to investigate the synergetic effect of ellagic acid, a natural polyphenolic antioxidant compound, with irinotecan, an inhibitor of topoisomerase I enzyme, on the growth, cadherin switch, and angiogenic processes of a glioma cell line. METHODS: A combination of 100 μM ellagic acid and 100 μM irinotecan was applied to rat C6 glioma cells for 24th, 48th, and 72nd h. The cell proliferation was evaluated by 5-bromo-2′-deoxyuridine immunocytochemistry. The expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, E-cadherin, and N-cadherin were measured using real-time polymerase chain reaction and their immunoreactivities using immunocytochemistry. RESULTS: The treatment of irinotecan with combining ellagic acid enhanced antitumor activity and the synergistic effect of these reduced the cell proliferation of C6 glioma by inhibiting the cadherin switch and promoting the antiangiogenic processes. CONCLUSIONS: Further research is required to prove a negative relationship between C6 glial cell proliferation and irinotecan with ellagic acid application. Our preliminary data suggest that even with the extremely short-term application, irinotecan with ellagic acid may affect glioma cells at the level of gene and protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdurrahman Cetin
- Gazi Yaşargil Education Research Hospital, Department of Neurosurgery - Diyarbakir, Turkey
| | - Burcu Biltekin
- Istanbul Atlas Üniversitesi, Department of Histology and Embryology - Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Huseyin Ozevren
- Dicle University, Medical School, Department of Neurosurgery - Diyarbakir, Turkey
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Xue P, Zhang G, Zhang J, Ren L. Synergism of ellagic acid in combination with radiotherapy and chemotherapy for cancer treatment. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 99:153998. [PMID: 35217437 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.153998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ellagic acid (EA) is a polyphenol compound abundant in berries, walnuts, pecans, pomegranate, cranberries, and other plant foods and exerts a wide array of biological properties. In particular, EA has received considerable research attention in anti-cancer therapy. EA administered alone has been shown to exert effects against human cancers through multiple pathways. In addition, EA may increase tumor sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Namely, EA combination with a relatively low dosage of therapeutic drugs or optimized radiation dose could improve the treatment outcome. More importantly, EA could counteract chemotherapy-related adverse reactions. PURPOSE This review aims to summarize the in vitro and in vivo experimental evidence of synergism of EA in radiotherapy/chemotherapy for the treatment of cancers. In addition, the preventive effect of EA to counteract chemotherapy-induced toxicity is also discussed. METHODS The searches were performed in the PubMed, Web of Science and Google scholar and introduced the information about the role of EA in cancer treatment. RESULTS EA exhibits synergistic effects in radiotherapy/chemotherapy for the treatment of cancers and exerts a great potential in reducing the side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy due to its biological activities, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. CONCLUSION EA could be a promising drug adjuvant for cancer treatment. In the near future, novel strategies for EA delivery systems that overcome the low EA solubility and bioavailability should be studied further to fully exploit the therapeutic potential of EA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyu Xue
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China; School of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Guangjie Zhang
- School of Biology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang 455000, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
| | - Li Ren
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China.
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Georgieva A, Ilieva Y, Kokanova-Nedialkova Z, Zaharieva MM, Nedialkov P, Dobreva A, Kroumov A, Najdenski H, Mileva M. Redox-Modulating Capacity and Antineoplastic Activity of Wastewater Obtained from the Distillation of the Essential Oils of Four Bulgarian Oil-Bearing Roses. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101615. [PMID: 34679750 PMCID: PMC8533594 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The wastewater from the distillation of rose oils is discharged directly into the soil because it has a limited potential for future applications. The aim of the present study was to determine in vitro the chromatographic profile, redox-modulating capacity, and antineoplastic activity of wastewater obtained by distillation of essential oils from the Bulgarian Rosa alba L., Rosa damascena Mill., Rosa gallica L., and Rosa centifolia L. We applied UHPLC-HRMS for chromatographic analysis of rose wastewaters, studied their metal-chelating and Fe(III)-reducing ability, and performed MTT assay for the evaluation of cytotoxic potential against three tumorigenic (HEPG2-hepatocellular adenocarcinoma, A-375-malignant melanoma, A-431-non-melanoma epidermoid squamous skin carcinoma) and one non-tumorigenic human cell lines (HaCaT-immortalized keratinocytes). The median inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were calculated with nonlinear modeling using the MAPLE® platform. The potential of the wastewaters to induce apoptosis was also examined. Mono-, di-, and acylated glycosides of quercetin and kaempferol, ellagic acid and its derivatives as main chemical components, and gallic acid and its derivatives-such as catechin and epicatechin-were identified. The redox-modulating capacity of the samples (TPTZ test) showed that all four wastewaters exhibited the properties of excellent heavy metal cleaners, but did not exert very strong cytotoxic effects. The lowest IC50 rate was provided in wastewater from R. centifolia (34-35 µg/mL of gallic acid equivalents after a 72 h period for all cell lines). At 24 and 48 hours, the most resistant cell line was HEPG2, followed by HaCaT. After 72 h of exposure, the IC50 values were similar for tumor and normal cells. Still, R. damascena had a selectivity index over 2.0 regarding A-431 non-melanoma skin cancer cells, showing a good toxicological safety profile in addition to moderate activity-IC50 of 35 µg/mL polyphenols. The obtained results related to wastewaters acquired after the distillation of essential oils from the Bulgarian R. alba, R. damascena, R. gallica, and R. centifolia direct our attention to further studies for in-depth elucidation of their application as detoxifying agents under oxidative damage conditions in other experimental datasets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Almira Georgieva
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 26 Acad. G. Bonchev str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.G.); (Y.I.); (M.M.Z.); (A.K.); (H.N.)
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 23 Acad. G. Bonchev str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Yana Ilieva
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 26 Acad. G. Bonchev str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.G.); (Y.I.); (M.M.Z.); (A.K.); (H.N.)
| | | | - Maya Margaritova Zaharieva
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 26 Acad. G. Bonchev str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.G.); (Y.I.); (M.M.Z.); (A.K.); (H.N.)
| | - Paraskev Nedialkov
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Sofia, 2 Dunav str., 1000 Sofia, Bulgaria; (Z.K.-N.); (P.N.)
| | - Ana Dobreva
- Department of Aromatic and Medicinal Plants, Institute for Roses and Aromatic Plants, 49 Osvobojdenie Blvd, 6100 Kazanlak, Bulgaria;
| | - Alexander Kroumov
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 26 Acad. G. Bonchev str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.G.); (Y.I.); (M.M.Z.); (A.K.); (H.N.)
| | - Hristo Najdenski
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 26 Acad. G. Bonchev str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.G.); (Y.I.); (M.M.Z.); (A.K.); (H.N.)
| | - Milka Mileva
- The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 26 Acad. G. Bonchev str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria; (A.G.); (Y.I.); (M.M.Z.); (A.K.); (H.N.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +35-92-979-3185
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Ferdous UT, Yusof ZNB. Medicinal Prospects of Antioxidants From Algal Sources in Cancer Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:593116. [PMID: 33746748 PMCID: PMC7973026 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.593116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Though cancer therapeutics can successfully eradicate cancerous cells, the effectiveness of these medications is mostly restricted to several deleterious side effects. Therefore, to alleviate these side effects, antioxidant supplementation is often warranted, reducing reactive species levels and mitigating persistent oxidative damage. Thus, it can impede the growth of cancer cells while protecting the normal cells simultaneously. Moreover, antioxidant supplementation alone or in combination with chemotherapeutics hinders further tumor development, prevents chemoresistance by improving the response to chemotherapy drugs, and enhances cancer patients' quality of life by alleviating side effects. Preclinical and clinical studies have been revealed the efficacy of using phytochemical and dietary antioxidants from different sources in treating chemo and radiation therapy-induced toxicities and enhancing treatment effectiveness. In this context, algae, both micro and macro, can be considered as alternative natural sources of antioxidants. Algae possess antioxidants from diverse groups, which can be exploited in the pharmaceutical industry. Despite having nutritional benefits, investigation and utilization of algal antioxidants are still in their infancy. This review article summarizes the prospective anticancer effect of twenty-three antioxidants from microalgae and their potential mechanism of action in cancer cells, as well as usage in cancer therapy. In addition, antioxidants from seaweeds, especially from edible species, are outlined, as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umme Tamanna Ferdous
- Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory (AquaHealth), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Zetty Norhana Balia Yusof
- Aquatic Animal Health and Therapeutics Laboratory (AquaHealth), Institute of Bioscience, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Department of Biochemistry, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
- Bioprocessing and Biomanufacturing Research Center, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Selangor, Malaysia
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Lagunas-Rangel FA, Bermúdez-Cruz RM. Natural Compounds That Target DNA Repair Pathways and Their Therapeutic Potential to Counteract Cancer Cells. Front Oncol 2020; 10:598174. [PMID: 33330091 PMCID: PMC7710985 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.598174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to current cancer treatments is an important problem that arises through various mechanisms, but one that stands out involves an overexpression of several factors associated with DNA repair. To counteract this type of resistance, different drugs have been developed to affect one or more DNA repair pathways, therefore, to test different compounds of natural origin that have been shown to induce cell death in cancer cells is paramount. Since natural compounds target components of the DNA repair pathways, they have been shown to promote cancer cells to be resensitized to current treatments. For this and other reasons, natural compounds have aroused great curiosity and several research projects are being developed around the world to establish combined treatments between them and radio or chemotherapy. In this work, we summarize the effects of different natural compounds on the DNA repair mechanisms of cancer cells and emphasize their possible application to re-sensitize these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Alejandro Lagunas-Rangel
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosa María Bermúdez-Cruz
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV), Mexico City, Mexico
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