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Stevens ET, Van Beeck W, Blackburn B, Tejedor-Sanz S, Rasmussen ARM, Carter ME, Mevers E, Ajo-Franklin CM, Marco ML. Lactiplantibacillus plantarum uses ecologically relevant, exogenous quinones for extracellular electron transfer. mBio 2023; 14:e0223423. [PMID: 37982640 PMCID: PMC10746273 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02234-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE While quinones are essential for respiratory microorganisms, their importance for microbes that rely on fermentation metabolism is not understood. This gap in knowledge hinders our understanding of anaerobic microbial habitats, such in mammalian digestive tracts and fermented foods. We show that Lactiplantibacillus plantarum, a model fermentative lactic acid bacteria species abundant in human, animal, and insect microbiomes and fermented foods, uses multiple exogenous, environmental quinones as electron shuttles for a hybrid metabolism involving EET. Interestingly, quinones both stimulate this metabolism as well as cause oxidative stress when extracellular electron acceptors are absent. We also found that quinone-producing, lactic acid bacteria species commonly enriched together with L. plantarum in food fermentations accelerate L. plantarum growth and medium acidification through a mainly quinone- and EET-dependent mechanism. Thus, our work provides evidence of quinone cross-feeding as a key ecological feature of anaerobic microbial habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric T. Stevens
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California‐Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Wannes Van Beeck
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California‐Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Benjamin Blackburn
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Sara Tejedor-Sanz
- Biological Nanostructures Facility, The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
| | - Alycia R. M. Rasmussen
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California‐Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Mackenzie E. Carter
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California‐Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Emily Mevers
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, USA
| | - Caroline M. Ajo-Franklin
- Biological Nanostructures Facility, The Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California, USA
- Department of Biosciences, Rice University, Houston, USA
| | - Maria L. Marco
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California‐Davis, Davis, California, USA
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Li H, Fang W, Wang LX, Liu Y, Liu L, Sun T, Liao C, Zhu Y, Wang L, Xiao FS. Physical regulation of copper catalyst with a hydrophobic promoter for enhancing CO 2 hydrogenation to methanol. Innovation (N Y) 2023; 4:100445. [PMID: 37305856 PMCID: PMC10251151 DOI: 10.1016/j.xinn.2023.100445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol, which is restricted by water products, requires a selective removal of water from the reaction system. Here, we show that physically combining hydrophobic polydivinylbenzene with a copper catalyst supported by silica can increase methanol production and CO2 conversion. Mechanistic investigation reveals that the hydrophobic promoter could hinder the oxidation of copper surface by water, maintaining a small fraction of metallic copper species on the copper surface with abundant Cuδ+, resulting in high activity for the hydrogenation. Such a physically mixed catalyst survives the continuous test for 100 h owing to the thermal stability of the polydivinylbenzene promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangjie Li
- Key Lab of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Wei Fang
- Key Lab of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Ling-Xiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Yifeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Zhejiang Province, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Lujie Liu
- Key Lab of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Tulai Sun
- Center for Electron Microscopy, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Ciqi Liao
- Center for Electron Microscopy, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Yihan Zhu
- Center for Electron Microscopy, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Chemistry Synthesis Technology, College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Key Lab of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
| | - Feng-Shou Xiao
- Key Lab of Biomass Chemical Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310028, China
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The Differing Roles of Flavins and Quinones in Extracellular Electron Transfer in Lactiplantibacillus plantarum. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0131322. [PMID: 36533923 PMCID: PMC9888254 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01313-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactiplantibacillus plantarum is a lactic acid bacterium that is commonly found in the human gut and fermented food products. Despite its overwhelmingly fermentative metabolism, this microbe can perform extracellular electron transfer (EET) when provided with an exogenous quinone, 1,4-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid (DHNA), and riboflavin. However, the separate roles of DHNA and riboflavin in EET in L. plantarum have remained unclear. Here, we seek to understand the role of quinones and flavins in EET by monitoring iron and anode reduction in the presence and absence of these small molecules. We found that addition of either DHNA or riboflavin can support robust iron reduction, indicating electron transfer to extracellular iron occurs through both flavin-dependent and DHNA-dependent routes. Using genetic mutants of L. plantarum, we found that flavin-dependent iron reduction requires Ndh2 and EetA, while DHNA-dependent iron reduction largely relies on Ndh2 and PplA. In contrast to iron reduction, DHNA-containing medium supported more robust anode reduction than riboflavin-containing medium, suggesting electron transfer to an anode proceeds most efficiently through the DHNA-dependent pathway. Furthermore, we found that flavin-dependent anode reduction requires EetA, Ndh2, and PplA, while DHNA-dependent anode reduction requires Ndh2 and PplA. Taken together, we identify multiple EET routes utilized by L. plantarum and show that the EET route depends on access to environmental biomolecules and on the electron acceptor. This work expands our molecular-level understanding of EET in Gram-positive microbes and provides additional opportunities to manipulate EET for biotechnology. IMPORTANCE Lactic acid bacteria are named because of their nearly exclusive fermentative metabolism. Thus, the recent observation of EET activity-typically associated with anaerobic respiration-in this class of organisms has forced researchers to rethink the rules governing microbial metabolic strategies. Our identification of multiple routes for EET in L. plantarum that depend on two different redox active small molecules expands our understanding of how microbes metabolically adapt to different environments to gain an energetic edge and how these processes can be manipulated for biotechnological uses. Understanding the role of EET in lactic acid bacteria is of great importance due to the significance of lactic acid bacteria in agriculture, bioremediation, food production, and gut health. Furthermore, the maintenance of multiple EET routes speaks to the importance of this process to function under a variety of environmental conditions.
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Feng X, Wang L, Chen H. Coproduction and enhancement of electricity and biobutanol using adsorption carrier solid-state fermentation. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS AND BIOPRODUCTS 2022; 15:42. [PMID: 35501839 PMCID: PMC9063184 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-022-02138-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Electric energy is not collected and utilized in biobutanol fermentation. The reason is that the yields of electron shuttles and nanowires are not enough to gather and transfer all electrons to the electrode in liquid fermentation. However, the solid matrix of the adsorption carrier may be conducive to the collection and transfer of electrons because of its good adsorption and conductivity. Therefore, this first-attempt study coupled microbial fuel cell (MFC) with adsorption carrier solid-state fermentation (ACSF). In addition, the effect and mechanism of adsorption carrier solid-state fermentation on power generation were explored. Results The power generation performance and fermentation performance were improved by ACSF. The power density by polyurethane and carbon felt carrier solid-state fermentation (PC) was 12 times that by no carrier fermentation (NC). The biobutanol yield of absorbent cotton and carbon felt carrier solid-state fermentation (ACC) was increased by 36.86%. Moreover, the mechanism was explored via metabolic flux analysis, cyclic voltammetry and scanning electron microscopy. The results of metabolic flux analysis showed that more electrons were produced and more carbon flowed to biobutanol production. The cyclic voltammetry results revealed that more riboflavin was produced to enhance extracellular electron transport (EET) by ACSF. The scanning electron microscopy image showed that the adsorption capacity and aggregation degree of bacteria were increased on the electrode and nanowires were observed by ACSF. Conclusions A new fermentation mode was established by coupling MFC with ACSF to improve substrate utilization, which will provide crucial insights into the fermentation industry. In addition, the ACSF is an effective method to enhance power generation performance and fermentation performance. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Wang F, Zhuang Z, Qin Z, Wen B. Movable and Focus-Tunable Lens Based on Electrically Controllable Liquid: A Lattice Boltzmann Study. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 24:1714. [PMID: 36554119 PMCID: PMC9777668 DOI: 10.3390/e24121714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Adjusting the focal length by changing the liquid interface of the liquid lens has become a potential method. In this paper, the lattice-Boltzmann-electrodynamic (LB-ED) method is used to numerically investigate the zooming process of a movable and focus-tunable electrowetting-on-dielectrics (EWOD) liquid lens by combining the LBM chemical potential model and the electrodynamic model. The LB method is used to solve the Navier-Stokes equation, and the Poisson-Boltzmann (PB) equation is introduced to solve the electric field distribution. The experimental results are consistent with the theoretical results of the Lippmann-Young equation. Through the simulation of a liquid lens zoom driven by EWOD, it is found that the lens changes from a convex lens to a concave lens with the voltage increases. The focal length change rate in the convex lens stage gradually increases with voltage. In the concave lens stage, the focal length change rate is opposite to that in the convex lens stage. During the zooming process, the low-viscosity liquid exhibits oscillation, and the high-viscosity liquid appears as overdamping. Additionally, methods were proposed to accelerate lens stabilization at low and high viscosities, achieving speed improvements of about 30% and 50%, respectively. Simulations of lens motion at different viscosities demonstrate that higher-viscosity liquids require higher voltages to achieve the same movement speed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Guangxi Key Lab of Multi-Source Information Mining & Security, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Zijian Zhuang
- Guangxi Key Lab of Multi-Source Information Mining & Security, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Zhangrong Qin
- Guangxi Key Lab of Multi-Source Information Mining & Security, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
| | - Binghai Wen
- Guangxi Key Lab of Multi-Source Information Mining & Security, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
- School of Computer Science and Engineering, Guangxi Normal University, Guilin 541004, China
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Chi ZL, Yu GH, Teng HH, Liu HG, Wang J, Liu CQ, Shen QR, Gadd GM. Molecular Trade-Offs between Lattice Oxygen and Oxygen Vacancy Drive Organic Pollutant Degradation in Fungal Biomineralized Exoskeletons. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:8132-8141. [PMID: 35561278 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c01388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Fungal-mineral interactions can effectively alleviate cellular stress from organic pollutants, the production of which are expected to rapidly increase owing to the Earth moving into an unprecedented geological epoch, the Anthropocene. The underlying mechanisms that may enable fungi to combat organic pollution during fungal-mineral interactions remain unclear. Inspired by the natural fungal sporulation process, we demonstrate for the first time that fungal biomineralization triggers the formation of an ultrathin (hundreds of nanometers thick) exoskeleton, enriched in nanosized iron (oxyhydr)oxides and biomolecules, on the hyphae. Mapped biochemical composition of this coating at a subcellular scale via high spatial resolution (down to 50 nm) synchrotron radiation-based techniques confirmed aromatic C, C-N bonds, amide carbonyl, and iron (oxyhydr)oxides as the major components of the coatings. This nanobiohybrid system appeared to impart a strong (×2) biofunctionality for fungal degradation of bisphenol A through altering molecular-level trade-offs between lattice oxygen and oxygen vacancy. Together, fungal coatings could act as "artificial spores", which enable fungi to combat physical and chemical stresses in natural environments, providing crucial insights into fungal biomineralization and coevolution of the Earth's lithosphere and biosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Lai Chi
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- College of Resources & Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Guang-Hui Yu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - H Henry Teng
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Department of Chemistry, George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20006, United States
| | - Hai-Gang Liu
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201204, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Canadian Light Source Inc., University of Saskatchewan, 44 Innovation Boulevard, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 2V3, Canada
| | - Cong-Qiang Liu
- Institute of Surface-Earth System Science, School of Earth System Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Qi-Rong Shen
- College of Resources & Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Geoffrey Michael Gadd
- Geomicrobiology Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, U.K
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Beijing Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Pollution Control, College of Chemical Engineering and Environment, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, China
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