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Lamparelli EP, Marino M, Szychlinska MA, Della Rocca N, Ciardulli MC, Scala P, D’Auria R, Testa A, Viggiano A, Cappello F, Meccariello R, Della Porta G, Santoro A. The Other Side of Plastics: Bioplastic-Based Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery Systems in the Brain. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2549. [PMID: 38004530 PMCID: PMC10674524 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Plastics have changed human lives, finding a broad range of applications from packaging to medical devices. However, plastics can degrade into microscopic forms known as micro- and nanoplastics, which have raised concerns about their accumulation in the environment but mainly about the potential risk to human health. Recently, biodegradable plastic materials have been introduced on the market. These polymers are biodegradable but also bioresorbable and, indeed, are fundamental tools for drug formulations, thanks to their transient ability to pass through biological barriers and concentrate in specific tissues. However, this "other side" of bioplastics raises concerns about their toxic potential, in the form of micro- and nanoparticles, due to easier and faster tissue accumulation, with unknown long-term biological effects. This review aims to provide an update on bioplastic-based particles by analyzing the advantages and drawbacks of their potential use as components of innovative formulations for brain diseases. However, a critical analysis of the literature indicates the need for further studies to assess the safety of bioplastic micro- and nanoparticles despite they appear as promising tools for several nanomedicine applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erwin Pavel Lamparelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.P.L.); (M.M.); (N.D.R.); (M.C.C.); (P.S.); (R.D.); (A.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Marianna Marino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.P.L.); (M.M.); (N.D.R.); (M.C.C.); (P.S.); (R.D.); (A.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Marta Anna Szychlinska
- Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, Kore University of Enna, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna, Italy;
| | - Natalia Della Rocca
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.P.L.); (M.M.); (N.D.R.); (M.C.C.); (P.S.); (R.D.); (A.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Maria Camilla Ciardulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.P.L.); (M.M.); (N.D.R.); (M.C.C.); (P.S.); (R.D.); (A.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Pasqualina Scala
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.P.L.); (M.M.); (N.D.R.); (M.C.C.); (P.S.); (R.D.); (A.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Raffaella D’Auria
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.P.L.); (M.M.); (N.D.R.); (M.C.C.); (P.S.); (R.D.); (A.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Antonino Testa
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy;
| | - Andrea Viggiano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.P.L.); (M.M.); (N.D.R.); (M.C.C.); (P.S.); (R.D.); (A.V.); (A.S.)
| | - Francesco Cappello
- Department of Biomedicine, Neuroscience and Advanced Diagnostics, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
- Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy
| | - Rosaria Meccariello
- Department of Movement and Wellbeing Sciences, Parthenope University of Naples, 80133 Naples, Italy;
| | - Giovanna Della Porta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.P.L.); (M.M.); (N.D.R.); (M.C.C.); (P.S.); (R.D.); (A.V.); (A.S.)
- Research Centre for Biomaterials BIONAM, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Antonietta Santoro
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.P.L.); (M.M.); (N.D.R.); (M.C.C.); (P.S.); (R.D.); (A.V.); (A.S.)
- Research Centre for Biomaterials BIONAM, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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Yaashikaa PR, Senthil Kumar P, Karishma S. Review on biopolymers and composites - Evolving material as adsorbents in removal of environmental pollutants. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2022; 212:113114. [PMID: 35331699 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2022.113114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The presence of pollutants and toxic contaminants in water sources makes it unfit to run through. Though various conventional techniques are on deck, development of new technologies are vital for wastewater treatment and recycling. Polymers have been intensively utilized recently in many industries owing to their unique characteristics. Biopolymers resembles natural alternative to synthetic polymers that can be prepared by linking the monomeric units covalently. Despite the obvious advantages of biopolymers, few reviews have been conducted. This review focuses on biopolymers and composites as suitable adsorbent material for removing pollutants present in environment. The classification of biopolymers and their composites based on the sources, methods of preparation and their potential applications are discussed in detail. Biopolymers have the potentiality of substituting conventional adsorbents due to its unique characteristics. Biopolymer based membranes and effective methods of utilization of biopolymers as suitable adsorbent materials are also briefly elaborated. The mechanism of biopolymers and their membrane-based adsorption has been briefly reviewed. In addition, the methods of regeneration and reuse of used biopolymer based adsorbents are highlighted. The comprehensive content on fate of biopolymer after adsorption is given in brief. Finally, this review concludes the future investigations in recent trends in application of biopolymer in various fields in view of eco-friendly and economic perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- P R Yaashikaa
- Department of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - P Senthil Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India; Centre of Excellence in Water Research (CEWAR), Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, 603110, India.
| | - S Karishma
- Department of Biotechnology, Rajalakshmi Engineering College, Chennai, 602105, India
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Baldino L, Reverchon E. Continuous supercritical CO2 assisted process for the production of nano-niosomes loaded with a second-generation antibiotic for ocular therapy. J Supercrit Fluids 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2022.105673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Guadagno L, Raimondo M, Vertuccio L, Lamparelli EP, Ciardulli MC, Longo P, Mariconda A, Della Porta G, Longo R. Electrospun Membranes Designed for Burst Release of New Gold-Complexes Inducing Apoptosis of Melanoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137147. [PMID: 35806152 PMCID: PMC9267035 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Two non-commercial metallic Au-based complexes were tested against one of the most aggressive malignant melanomas of the skin (MeWo cells), through cell viability and time-lapse live-cell imaging system assays. The tests with the complexes were carried out both in the form of free metallic complexes, directly in contact with the MeWo cell line culture, and embedded in fibers of Polycaprolactone (PCL) membranes produced by the electrospinning technique. Membranes functionalized with complexes were prepared to evaluate the efficiency of the membranes against the melanoma cells and therefore their feasibility in the application as an antitumoral patch for topical use. Both series of tests highlighted a very effective antitumoral activity, manifesting a very relevant cell viability inhibition after both 24 h and 48 h. In the case of the AuM1 complex at the concentration of 20 mM, melanoma cells completely died in this short period of time. A mortality of around 70% was detected from the tests performed using the membranes functionalized with AuM1 complex at a very low concentration (3 wt.%), even after 24 h of the contact period. The synthesized complexes also manifest high selectivity with respect to the MeWo cells. The peculiar structural and morphological organization of the nanofibers constituting the membranes allows for a very effective antitumoral activity in the first 3 h of treatment. Experimental points of the release profiles were perfectly fitted with theoretical curves, which easily allow interpretation of the kinetic phenomena occurring in the release of the synthesized complexes in the chosen medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liberata Guadagno
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
- Correspondence: (L.G.); (R.L.)
| | - Marialuigia Raimondo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | - Luigi Vertuccio
- Department of Engineering, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 813031 Aversa, Italy;
| | - Erwin Pavel Lamparelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.P.L.); (M.C.C.); (G.D.P.)
| | - Maria Camilla Ciardulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.P.L.); (M.C.C.); (G.D.P.)
| | - Pasquale Longo
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
| | | | - Giovanna Della Porta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (E.P.L.); (M.C.C.); (G.D.P.)
- Interdepartment Centre BIONAM, Università di Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
| | - Raffaele Longo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy;
- Correspondence: (L.G.); (R.L.)
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Li X, Wang Y, Feng C, Chen H, Gao Y. Chemical Modification of Chitosan for Developing Cancer Nanotheranostics. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2197-2218. [PMID: 35522524 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is a worldwide public health issue that has not been conquered. Theranostics, the combination of a therapeutic drug and imaging agent in one formulation using nanomaterials, has been developed to better cure cancer in recent years. Although diverse biomaterials have been applied in cancer theranostics, chitosan (CS), a natural polysaccharide bearing easy modification sites with excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability, shows great potential for developing cancer nanotheranostics. In this review, we seek to describe the chemical functionalities of CS used in cancer theranostics and their synthesis methods. We also present recent discoveries and research progresses on how the CS functionalization could improve the delivery efficiency of CS-based nanotheranostics. Finally, we report several case studies about the application of CS-based nanotheranostics. This paper focuses on the strategies to construct CS-based theranostics systems via chemical routes and highlights their applications in cancer treatment, which can provide useful references for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Li
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yuran Wang
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Chenyun Feng
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Haijun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecule Synthesis and Function Discovery (Fujian Province University), College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, College of Chemistry, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, China
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Magnetite Nanoparticles Functionalized with Therapeutic Agents for Enhanced ENT Antimicrobial Properties. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11050623. [PMID: 35625267 PMCID: PMC9137518 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11050623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the context of inefficient antibiotics, antibacterial alternatives are urgently needed to stop the increasing resistance rates in pathogens. This study reports the fabrication and characterization of four promising magnetite-based antibiotic delivery systems for ENT (ear, nose and throat) applications. Magnetite nanoparticles were functionalized with streptomycin and neomycin and some were entrapped in polymeric spheres. The obtained nanomaterials are stable, with spherical morphology, their size ranging from ~2.8 to ~4.7 nm for antibiotic-coated magnetite nanoparticles, and from submicron sizes up to several microns for polymer-coated magnetite–antibiotic composites. Cell viability and antimicrobial tests demonstrated their biocompatibility on human diploid cells and their antibacterial effect against Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) opportunistic bacteria. The presence of the polymeric coat proved an enhancement in biocompatibility and a slight reduction in the antimicrobial efficiency of the spheres. Our results support the idea that functional NPs and polymeric microsystems containing functional NPs could be tailored to achieve more biocompatibility or more antimicrobial effect, depending on the bioactive compounds they incorporate and their intended application.
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Go G, Yoo A, Kim S, Seon JK, Kim C, Park J, Choi E. Magnetization-Switchable Implant System to Target Delivery of Stem Cell-Loaded Bioactive Polymeric Microcarriers. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100068. [PMID: 34369079 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Various magnetic microcarrier systems capable of transporting cells to target lesions are developed for therapeutic agent-based tissue regeneration. However, the need for bioactive molecules and cells, the potential toxicity of the microcarrier, and the large volume and limited workspace of the magnetic targeting device remain challenging issues associated with microcarrier systems. Here, a multifunctional magnetic implant system is presented for targeted delivery, secure fixation, and induced differentiation of stem cells. This magnetic implant system consists of a biomaterial-based microcarrier containing bioactive molecules, a portable magnet array device, and a biocompatible paramagnetic implant. Among biomedical applications, the magnetic implant system is developed for knee cartilage repair. The various functions of these components are verified through in vitro, phantom, and ex vivo tests. As a result, a single microcarrier can load ≈1.52 ng of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β1) and 3.3 × 103 of stem cells and stimulate chondrogenic differentiation without extra bioactive molecule administration. Additionally, the implant system demonstrates high targeting efficiency (over 90%) of the microcarriers in a knee phantom and ex vivo pig knee joint. The results show that this implant system, which overcomes the limitations of the existing magnetic targeting system, represents an important advancement in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwangjun Go
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics (KIMIRo) 43‐26 Cheomdangwagi‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61011 Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University 77 Yongbong‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61186 Korea
| | - Ami Yoo
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics (KIMIRo) 43‐26 Cheomdangwagi‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61011 Korea
| | - Seokjae Kim
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics (KIMIRo) 43‐26 Cheomdangwagi‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61011 Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University 77 Yongbong‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61186 Korea
| | - Jong Keun Seon
- Center for Joint Disease Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital 160 Ilsim‐ri, Hwasun‐eup Hwasun 58128 Korea
| | - Chang‐Sei Kim
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics (KIMIRo) 43‐26 Cheomdangwagi‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61011 Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University 77 Yongbong‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61186 Korea
| | - Jong‐Oh Park
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics (KIMIRo) 43‐26 Cheomdangwagi‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61011 Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University 77 Yongbong‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61186 Korea
| | - Eunpyo Choi
- Korea Institute of Medical Microrobotics (KIMIRo) 43‐26 Cheomdangwagi‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61011 Korea
- School of Mechanical Engineering Chonnam National University 77 Yongbong‐ro, Buk‐gu Gwangju 61186 Korea
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Ciardulli MC, Lovecchio J, Scala P, Lamparelli EP, Dale TP, Giudice V, Giordano E, Selleri C, Forsyth NR, Maffulli N, Della Porta G. 3D Biomimetic Scaffold for Growth Factor Controlled Delivery: An In-Vitro Study of Tenogenic Events on Wharton's Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091448. [PMID: 34575523 PMCID: PMC8465418 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work described a bio-functionalized 3D fibrous construct, as an interactive teno-inductive graft model to study tenogenic potential events of human mesenchymal stem cells collected from Wharton’s Jelly (hWJ-MSCs). The 3D-biomimetic and bioresorbable scaffold was functionalized with nanocarriers for the local controlled delivery of a teno-inductive factor, i.e., the human Growth Differentiation factor 5 (hGDF-5). Significant results in terms of gene expression were obtained. Namely, the up-regulation of Scleraxis (350-fold, p ≤ 0.05), type I Collagen (8-fold), Decorin (2.5-fold), and Tenascin-C (1.3-fold) was detected at day 14; on the other hand, when hGDF-5 was supplemented in the external medium only (in absence of nanocarriers), a limited effect on gene expression was evident. Teno-inductive environment also induced pro-inflammatory, (IL-6 (1.6-fold), TNF (45-fold, p ≤ 0.001), and IL-12A (1.4-fold)), and anti-inflammatory (IL-10 (120-fold) and TGF-β1 (1.8-fold)) cytokine expression upregulation at day 14. The presented 3D construct opens perspectives for the study of drug controlled delivery devices to promote teno-regenerative events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Camilla Ciardulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.C.); (P.S.); (E.P.L.); (V.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Joseph Lovecchio
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi” (DEI), University of Bologna, Via dell’Università 50, 47522 Cesena, Italy; (J.L.); (E.G.)
| | - Pasqualina Scala
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.C.); (P.S.); (E.P.L.); (V.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Erwin Pavel Lamparelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.C.); (P.S.); (E.P.L.); (V.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
| | - Tina Patricia Dale
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire ST4 7QB, UK; (T.P.D.); (N.R.F.)
| | - Valentina Giudice
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.C.); (P.S.); (E.P.L.); (V.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy
| | - Emanuele Giordano
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Information Engineering “Guglielmo Marconi” (DEI), University of Bologna, Via dell’Università 50, 47522 Cesena, Italy; (J.L.); (E.G.)
- Health Sciences and Technologies-Interdepartmental Center for Industrial Research (HST-ICIR), University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra 41/E, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Italy
- Advanced Research Center on Electronic Systems (ARCES), University of Bologna, Via Vincenzo Toffano 2/2, 40125 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carmine Selleri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.C.); (P.S.); (E.P.L.); (V.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
- Hematology and Transplant Center, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy
- Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital “San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D’Aragona”, 84131 Salerno, Italy
| | - Nicholas Robert Forsyth
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire ST4 7QB, UK; (T.P.D.); (N.R.F.)
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.C.); (P.S.); (E.P.L.); (V.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Stoke-on-Trent, Staffordshire ST4 7QB, UK; (T.P.D.); (N.R.F.)
- Centre for Sport and Exercise Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NL, UK
| | - Giovanna Della Porta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.C.C.); (P.S.); (E.P.L.); (V.G.); (C.S.); (N.M.)
- Research Centre for Biomaterials BIONAM, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-089-965-234
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Fernández-Álvarez F, Caro C, García-García G, García-Martín ML, Arias JL. Engineering of stealth (maghemite/PLGA)/chitosan (core/shell)/shell nanocomposites with potential applications for combined MRI and hyperthermia against cancer. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:4963-4980. [PMID: 34114575 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00354b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
(Maghemite/poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide))/chitosan (core/shell)/shell nanoparticles have been prepared reproducibly by nanoprecipitation solvent evaporation plus coacervation (production performance ≈ 45%, average size ≈ 325 nm). Transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, electrophoretic determinations, and X-ray diffraction patterns demonstrated the satisfactory embedment of iron oxide nanocores within the solid polymer matrix and the formation of an external shell of chitosan in the nanostructure. The adequate magnetic responsiveness of the nanocomposites was characterized in vitro by hysteresis cycle determinations and by visualization of the nanosystem under the influence of a 0.4 T permanent magnet. Safety and biocompatibility of the (core/shell)/shell particles were based on in vitro haemocompatibility studies and cytotoxicity tests against HFF-1 human foreskin fibroblasts and on ex vivo toxicity assessments on tissue samples from Balb/c mice. Transversal relaxivities, determined in vitro at a low magnetic field of 1.44 T, demonstrated their capability as T2 contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging, being comparable to that of some iron oxide-based contrast agents. Heating properties were evaluated in a high frequency alternating electromagnetic gradient: a constant maximum temperature of ≈46 °C was generated within ≈50 min, while antitumour hyperthermia tests on T-84 colonic adenocarcinoma cells proved the relevant decrease in cell viability (to ≈ 39%) when treated with the nanosystem under the influence of that electromagnetic field. Finally, in vivo magnetic resonance imaging studies and ex vivo histology determinations of iron deposits postulated the efficacy of chitosan to provide long-circulating capabilities to the nanocomposites, retarding nanoparticle recognition by the mononuclear phagocyte system. To our knowledge, this is the first study describing such a type of biocompatible and long-circulating nanoplatform with promising theranostic applications (biomedical imaging and hyperthermia) against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fátima Fernández-Álvarez
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
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Hybrid System for Local Drug Delivery and Magnetic Hyperthermia Based on SPIONs Loaded with Doxorubicin and Epirubicin. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040480. [PMID: 33916072 PMCID: PMC8066659 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the most common causes of death worldwide, thus new solutions in anticancer therapies are highly sought after. In this work, superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) conjugated with anticancer drugs are synthesized and investigated as potential magnetic drug nanocarriers for local drug delivery and mild magnetic hyperthermia. We have obtained a hybrid system loaded with holmium and anticancer drugs and thoroughly studied it with respect to the size, morphology, surface modifications and magnetic properties, and interactions with the model of biological membranes, cytotoxicity. We present that nanoparticles having a round shape and size 15 nm are successfully stabilized to avoid their agglomeration and modified with doxorubicin or epirubicin within a controlled way. The number of drugs loaded into the SPIONs was confirmed with thermogravimetry. The hybrid based on SPIONs was investigated in touch with model biological membranes within the Langmuir-Blodgett technique, and results show that modified SPION interacts effectively with them. Results obtained with magnetic hyperthermia and biological studies confirm the promising properties of the hybrid towards future cancer cell treatment.
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Longo R, Gorrasi G, Guadagno L. Electromagnetically Stimuli-Responsive Nanoparticles-Based Systems for Biomedical Applications: Recent Advances and Future Perspectives. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:848. [PMID: 33810343 PMCID: PMC8065448 DOI: 10.3390/nano11040848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles (NPs) in the biomedical field are known for many decades as carriers for drugs that are used to overcome biological barriers and reduce drug doses to be administrated. Some types of NPs can interact with external stimuli, such as electromagnetic radiations, promoting interesting effects (e.g., hyperthermia) or even modifying the interactions between electromagnetic field and the biological system (e.g., electroporation). For these reasons, at present these nanomaterial applications are intensively studied, especially for drugs that manifest relevant side effects, for which it is necessary to find alternatives in order to reduce the effective dose. In this review, the main electromagnetic-induced effects are deeply analyzed, with a particular focus on the activation of hyperthermia and electroporation phenomena, showing the enhanced biological performance resulting from an engineered/tailored design of the nanoparticle characteristics. Moreover, the possibility of integrating these nanofillers in polymeric matrices (e.g., electrospun membranes) is described and discussed in light of promising applications resulting from new transdermal drug delivery systems with controllable morphology and release kinetics controlled by a suitable stimulation of the interacting systems (nanofiller and interacting cells).
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Affiliation(s)
- Raffaele Longo
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy;
| | | | - Liberata Guadagno
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Salerno, Italy;
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Supercritical emulsion extraction fabricated PLA/PLGA micro/nano carriers for growth factor delivery: Release profiles and cytotoxicity. Int J Pharm 2021; 592:120108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.120108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Lagreca E, Onesto V, Di Natale C, La Manna S, Netti PA, Vecchione R. Recent advances in the formulation of PLGA microparticles for controlled drug delivery. Prog Biomater 2020; 9:153-174. [PMID: 33058072 PMCID: PMC7718366 DOI: 10.1007/s40204-020-00139-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymeric microparticles (MPs) are recognized as very popular carriers to increase the bioavailability and bio-distribution of both lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs. Among different kinds of polymers, poly-(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is one of the most accepted materials for this purpose, because of its biodegradability (due to the presence of ester linkages that are degraded by hydrolysis in aqueous environments) and safety (PLGA is a Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved compound). Moreover, its biodegradability depends on the number of glycolide units present in the structure, indeed, lower glycol content results in an increased degradation time and conversely a higher monomer unit number results in a decreased time. Due to this feature, it is possible to design and fabricate MPs with a programmable and time-controlled drug release. Many approaches and procedures can be used to prepare MPs. The chosen fabrication methodology influences size, stability, entrapment efficiency, and MPs release kinetics. For example, lipophilic drugs as chemotherapeutic agents (doxorubicin), anti-inflammatory non-steroidal (indomethacin), and nutraceuticals (curcumin) were successfully encapsulated in MPs prepared by single emulsion technique, while water-soluble compounds, such as aptamer, peptides and proteins, involved the use of double emulsion systems to provide a hydrophilic compartment and prevent molecular degradation. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview about the preparation and characterization of drug-loaded PLGA MPs obtained by single, double emulsion and microfluidic techniques, and their current applications in the pharmaceutical industry.Graphic abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Lagreca
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Valentina Onesto
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Concetta Di Natale
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125, Naples, Italy.
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Biomaterials, CRIB, University Federico II, P.leTecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy.
| | - Sara La Manna
- Department of Pharmacy, CIRPEB: Centro Interuniversitario di Ricerca sui Peptidi Bioattivi, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Mezzocannone 16, 80134, Naples, Italy
| | - Paolo Antonio Netti
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125, Naples, Italy
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Biomaterials, CRIB, University Federico II, P.leTecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy
- Department of Chemical, Materials and Industrial Production Engineering (DICMaPI), University of Naples Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy
| | - Raffaele Vecchione
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for HealthCare@CRIB, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Largo Barsanti e Matteucci 53, 80125, Naples, Italy.
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Biomaterials, CRIB, University Federico II, P.leTecchio 80, 80125, Naples, Italy.
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Supercritical fluid technologies applied to the extraction of compounds of industrial interest from Cannabis sativa L. and to their pharmaceutical formulations: A review. J Supercrit Fluids 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2020.104960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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15
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Citeroni MR, Ciardulli MC, Russo V, Della Porta G, Mauro A, El Khatib M, Di Mattia M, Galesso D, Barbera C, Forsyth NR, Maffulli N, Barboni B. In Vitro Innovation of Tendon Tissue Engineering Strategies. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6726. [PMID: 32937830 PMCID: PMC7555358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Tendinopathy is the term used to refer to tendon disorders. Spontaneous adult tendon healing results in scar tissue formation and fibrosis with suboptimal biomechanical properties, often resulting in poor and painful mobility. The biomechanical properties of the tissue are negatively affected. Adult tendons have a limited natural healing capacity, and often respond poorly to current treatments that frequently are focused on exercise, drug delivery, and surgical procedures. Therefore, it is of great importance to identify key molecular and cellular processes involved in the progression of tendinopathies to develop effective therapeutic strategies and drive the tissue toward regeneration. To treat tendon diseases and support tendon regeneration, cell-based therapy as well as tissue engineering approaches are considered options, though none can yet be considered conclusive in their reproduction of a safe and successful long-term solution for full microarchitecture and biomechanical tissue recovery. In vitro differentiation techniques are not yet fully validated. This review aims to compare different available tendon in vitro differentiation strategies to clarify the state of art regarding the differentiation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Rita Citeroni
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.K.); (M.D.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Maria Camilla Ciardulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy; (M.C.C.); (G.D.P.); (N.M.)
| | - Valentina Russo
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.K.); (M.D.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Giovanna Della Porta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy; (M.C.C.); (G.D.P.); (N.M.)
- Interdepartment Centre BIONAM, Università di Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo I, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Annunziata Mauro
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.K.); (M.D.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Mohammad El Khatib
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.K.); (M.D.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Miriam Di Mattia
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.K.); (M.D.M.); (B.B.)
| | - Devis Galesso
- Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A., via Ponte della Fabbrica 3/A, 35031 Abano Terme (PD), Italy; (D.G.); (C.B.)
| | - Carlo Barbera
- Fidia Farmaceutici S.p.A., via Ponte della Fabbrica 3/A, 35031 Abano Terme (PD), Italy; (D.G.); (C.B.)
| | - Nicholas R. Forsyth
- Guy Hilton Research Centre, School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke on Trent ST4 7QB, UK;
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi (SA), Italy; (M.C.C.); (G.D.P.); (N.M.)
- Department of Musculoskeletal Disorders, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Salerno, Via San Leonardo 1, 84131 Salerno, Italy
- Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Mile End Hospital, Queen Mary University of London, 275 Bancroft Road, London E1 4DG, UK
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University School of Medicine, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke on Trent ST5 5BG, UK
| | - Barbara Barboni
- Unit of Basic and Applied Biosciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Agro-Food and Environmental Technology, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy; (V.R.); (A.M.); (M.E.K.); (M.D.M.); (B.B.)
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Ciaglia E, Montella F, Trucillo P, Ciardulli M, Di Pietro P, Amodio G, Remondelli P, Vecchione C, Reverchon E, Maffulli N, Puca A, Della Porta G. A bioavailability study on microbeads and nanoliposomes fabricated by dense carbon dioxide technologies using human-primary monocytes and flow cytometry assay. Int J Pharm 2019; 570:118686. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.118686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Guo JL, Kim YS, Mikos AG. Biomacromolecules for Tissue Engineering: Emerging Biomimetic Strategies. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:2904-2912. [PMID: 31282658 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Biomacromolecules used for tissue engineering must possess either inherent biochemical cues for tissue regeneration or be chemically modified to incorporate bioactive, tissue-specific moieties. To this end, many strategies have emerged recently in the field to both utilize novel bioinspired macromolecules for tissue engineering and apply bioconjugation strategies for the functionalization of biomacromolecules with tissue-specific cues and other biological properties of interest. Furthermore, biomacromolecules have been processed into more highly biomimetic and clinically deliverable scaffold and hydrogel systems using 3D printing and the fabrication of in situ forming hydrogels, respectively. To support these advances, tissue engineers have also pursued greater spatiotemporal control over macromolecular bioactivity and the modulation of scaffold and hydrogel properties in response to both physiological and external stimuli. This Perspective thus highlights a few notable advances and techniques in the usage of biomacromolecules for tissue engineering applications, including new bioinspired macromolecules, advanced hydrogel and scaffold fabrication techniques, and spatiotemporal control over biomacromolecule constructs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason L Guo
- Department of Bioengineering , Rice University , 6500 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77030 , United States
| | - Yu Seon Kim
- Department of Bioengineering , Rice University , 6500 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77030 , United States
| | - Antonios G Mikos
- Department of Bioengineering , Rice University , 6500 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77030 , United States
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Mechanistic Evaluation of the Opposite Effects on Initial Burst Induced by Two Similar Hydrophilic Additives From Octreotide Acetate–Loaded PLGA Microspheres. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:2367-2376. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Schoubben A, Ricci M, Giovagnoli S. Meeting the unmet: from traditional to cutting-edge techniques for poly lactide and poly lactide-co-glycolide microparticle manufacturing. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-019-00446-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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20
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Perugini V, Best M, Kumar S, Guildford AL, Bone AJ, Macfarlane WM, Santin M, Phillips GJ. Carboxybetaine-modified succinylated chitosan-based beads encourage pancreatic β-cells (Min-6) to form islet-like spheroids under in vitro conditions. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2017; 29:15. [PMID: 29290028 PMCID: PMC5748029 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-017-6018-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
In vitro, pancreatic β-cells tend to reduce their ability to aggregate into islets and lose insulin-producing ability, likely due to insufficient cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions that are essential for β-cell retention, viability and functionality. In response to these needs, surfaces of succinylated chitosan-based beads (NSC) were modified with zwitterionic carboxy-betaine (CB) moieties, a compatible osmolyte known to regulate cellular hydration state, and used to promote the formation of β-cell spheroids using a conventional 2D cell culture technique. The NSC were synthesised by ionic gelation and surface-functionalised with CB using carbodiimide chemistry. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic laser scattering (DLS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were employed as characterisation tools to confirm the successful modification of the succinylated chitosan material into spherical beads with rough surfaces and a diameter of 0.4 µm. NSC with and without CB were re-suspended at concentrations of 0.1, 0.3 and 0.6 mg/mL in saline medium and tested in vitro with MIN6 murine pancreatic β-cell line. Results showed that a concentration of 0.3 mg/mL, NSC-CB encouraged pancreatic MIN6 cells to proliferate and form spheroids via E-cadherin and Pdx-1 activation within 48 h in culture. These spheroids, with a size of approximately 80 µm, exhibited high cell viability and enhanced insulin protein expression and secretion when compared to cells organised by the non-modified beads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Perugini
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building Lewes Road, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Mark Best
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building Lewes Road, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Cellon S.A., ZAE Robert Steichen, 16 rue Hèierchen, L-4940, Bascharage, Luxembourg
| | - Anna L Guildford
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building Lewes Road, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Adrian J Bone
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building Lewes Road, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Wendy M Macfarlane
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building Lewes Road, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
| | - Matteo Santin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building Lewes Road, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK.
| | - Gary J Phillips
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building Lewes Road, Brighton, BN2 4GJ, UK
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