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Kyser AJ, Mahmoud MY, Herold SE, Lewis WG, Lewis AL, Steinbach-Rankins JM, Frieboes HB. Formulation and characterization of pressure-assisted microsyringe 3D-printed scaffolds for controlled intravaginal antibiotic release. Int J Pharm 2023; 641:123054. [PMID: 37207856 PMCID: PMC10330500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a highly recurrent vaginal condition linked with many health complications. Topical antibiotic treatments for BV are challenged with drug solubility in vaginal fluid, lack of convenience and user adherence to daily treatment protocols, among other factors. 3D-printed scaffolds can provide sustained antibiotic delivery to the female reproductive tract (FRT). Silicone vehicles have been shown to provide structural stability, flexibility, and biocompatibility, with favorable drug release kinetics. This study formulates and characterizes novel metronidazole-containing 3D-printed silicone scaffolds for eventual application to the FRT. Scaffolds were evaluated for degradation, swelling, compression, and metronidazole release in simulated vaginal fluid (SVF). Scaffolds retained high structural integrity and sustained release. Minimal mass loss (<6%) and swelling (<2%) were observed after 14 days in SVF, relative to initial post-cure measurements. Scaffolds cured for 24 hr (50 °C) demonstrated elastic behavior under 20% compression and 4.0 N load. Scaffolds cured for 4 hr (50 °C), followed by 72 hr (4 °C), demonstrated the highest, sustained, metronidazole release (4.0 and 27.0 µg/mg) after 24 hr and 14 days, respectively. Based upon daily release profiles, it was observed that the 24 hr timepoint had the greatest metronidazole release of 4.08 μg/mg for scaffolds cured at 4 hr at 50 °C followed by 72 hr at 4 °C. For all curing conditions, release of metronidazole after 1 and 7 days showed > 4.0-log reduction in Gardnerella concentration. Negligible cytotoxicity was observed in treated keratinocytes comparable to untreated cells, This study shows that pressure-assisted microsyringe 3D-printed silicone scaffolds may provide a versatile vehicle for sustained metronidazole delivery to the FRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Kyser
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Mohamed Y Mahmoud
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Sydney E Herold
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Warren G Lewis
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Amanda L Lewis
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA; Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Jill M Steinbach-Rankins
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Hermann B Frieboes
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; UofL Health - Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
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2
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Kyser AJ, Masigol M, Mahmoud MY, Ryan M, Lewis WG, Lewis AL, Frieboes HB, Steinbach-Rankins JM. Fabrication and characterization of bioprints with Lactobacillus crispatus for vaginal application. J Control Release 2023; 357:545-560. [PMID: 37076014 PMCID: PMC10696519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is characterized by low levels of lactobacilli and overgrowth of potential pathogens in the female genital tract. Current antibiotic treatments often fail to treat BV in a sustained manner, and > 50% of women experience recurrence within 6 months post-treatment. Recently, lactobacilli have shown promise for acting as probiotics by offering health benefits in BV. However, as with other active agents, probiotics often require intensive administration schedules incurring difficult user adherence. Three-dimensional (3D)-bioprinting enables fabrication of well-defined architectures with tunable release of active agents, including live mammalian cells, offering the potential for long-acting probiotic delivery. One promising bioink, gelatin alginate has been previously shown to provide structural stability, host compatibility, viable probiotic incorporation, and cellular nutrient diffusion. This study formulates and characterizes 3D-bioprinted Lactobacillus crispatus-containing gelatin alginate scaffolds for gynecologic applications. Different weight to volume (w/v) ratios of gelatin alginate were bioprinted to determine formulations with highest printing resolution, and different crosslinking reagents were evaluated for effect on scaffold integrity via mass loss and swelling measurements. Post-print viability, sustained-release, and vaginal keratinocyte cytotoxicity assays were conducted. A 10:2 (w/v) gelatin alginate formulation was selected based on line continuity and resolution, while degradation and swelling experiments demonstrated greatest structural stability with dual genipin and calcium crosslinking, showing minimal mass loss and swelling over 28 days. 3D-bioprinted L. crispatus-containing scaffolds demonstrated sustained release and proliferation of live bacteria over 28 days, without impacting viability of vaginal epithelial cells. This study provides in vitro evidence for 3D-bioprinted scaffolds as a novel strategy to sustain probiotic delivery with the ultimate goal of restoring vaginal lactobacilli following microbiological disturbances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Kyser
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Mohammadali Masigol
- Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Mohamed Y Mahmoud
- Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt.
| | - Mark Ryan
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Warren G Lewis
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Amanda L Lewis
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA; Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
| | - Hermann B Frieboes
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; UofL Health - Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, KY 40202, USA.
| | - Jill M Steinbach-Rankins
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Louisville Speed School of Engineering, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Center for Predictive Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA.
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Rai R, Chandra V, Kennedy AL, Zuna RE, Benbrook DM. Distinct mechanism of cervical cancer cell death caused by the investigational new drug SHetA2. Front Oncol 2022; 12:958536. [PMID: 36203464 PMCID: PMC9531157 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.958536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug-targetable vulnerabilities of cancer cells include their dependence on heat shock proteins (HSPs) to support elevated mitochondrial metabolism and counteract cell death factors. The investigational new drug SHetA2 targets these vulnerabilities in ovarian and endometrial cancer cells by disrupting complexes of the mortalin HSP with its client proteins (mitochondrial support proteins, metabolic enzymes, p53) leading to mitochondrial leakage of cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF), and caspase-dependent apoptosis. Our objective was to evaluate the roles of mitochondrial damage and another SHetA2-target HSP protein, cytoplasmic heat shock cognate 70 (hsc70), in the mechanism of SHetA2 killing of cervical cancer cells. Cervical cancer cells responded to SHetA2 with excessive mitophagy that did not deter AIF leakage into the cytoplasm. Then, hsc70 was unable to prevent cytoplasmic AIF nuclear translocation and promotion of DNA damage and cell death, because SHetA2 disrupted hsc70/AIF complexes. The Cancer Genome Atlas analysis found that overexpression of hsc70, but not mortalin, was associated with worse cervical cancer patient survival. Use of specific inhibitors documented that AIF and mitophagy, but not caspases, contributed to the mechanism of SHetA2-induced cell death in cervical cancer cells. As validation, excessive mitophagy and lack of caspase activation were observed in SHetA2-inhibited xenograft tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajani Rai
- Gynecologic Oncology, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, OK, United States
| | - Vishal Chandra
- Gynecologic Oncology, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, OK, United States
| | - Amy L. Kennedy
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, OK, United States
| | - Rosemary E. Zuna
- Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, OK, United States
| | - Doris Mangiaracina Benbrook
- Gynecologic Oncology, Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, OK, United States,Department of Pathology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, OK, United States,*Correspondence: Doris Mangiaracina Benbrook,
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Benbrook DM. SHetA2 Attack on Mortalin and Colleagues in Cancer Therapy and Prevention. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:848682. [PMID: 35281109 PMCID: PMC8906462 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.848682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Heat Shock Proteins of the 70-kDa family (HSP70s) do not cause cancer by themselves, but instead protect cells as they transform into cancer. These molecular chaperones bind numerous client proteins and utilize ATP hydrolysis to facilitate proper protein folding, formation of functional complexes and cellular localizations, or degradation of irreparably damaged proteins. Their transient upregulation by stressful situations avoids induction of programmed cell death. Continued upregulation of the mortalin, heat shock cognate (hsc70) and glucose regulated protein 78 (Grp78) support cancer development and progression by supporting pro-proliferative and metabolic functions and repressing pro-death functions of oncoproteins and tumor suppressor proteins. This review describes the discovery and development of a lead anti-cancer compound, sulfur heteroarotinoid A2 (SHetA2, NSC726189), which was originally developed to bind retinoic acid receptors, but was subsequently found to work independently of these receptors. The discovery and validation of mortalin, hsc70 and Grp78 as SHetA2 target proteins is summarized. The documented and hypothesized roles of these HSP70 proteins and their clients in the mechanism of SHetA2 inhibition of cancer without toxicity are discussed. Use of this mechanistic data to evaluate drug action in a cancer clinical trial and develop synergistic drug combinations is explained. Knowledge needed to optimize SHetA2 analogs for use in cancer therapy and prevention is proposed as future directions.
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Abbaspour M, Hoseini H, Sobhani Z, Emami SA, Bazzaz BSF, Javadi B. Development and Evaluation of Vaginal Suppository Containing Althaea officinalis L. Polysaccharide Extract. BRAZ J PHARM SCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/s2175-97902022e20868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
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An Efficient Herbal Approach for Treating Fungal Infection in Cervical Cancer Patients by Developing and Optimizing a Vaginal Suppository. INT J POLYM SCI 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/9198387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim. The study is aimed at developing curcumin suppositories as a promising approach for natural antifungal management of vaginal candidiasis in cervical cancer patients to eradicate side effects produced by current antifungal drugs. The objective of the study was to optimize the suppositories using optimal (custom) design employing Design-Expert 13 software to recognize the concentration of polyethylene glycols (PEG) and Poloxamer 407 and obtain a stable suppository. Methodology. Combinations of PEG 1500 (10%–40%), PEG 6000 (40%–60%), and Poloxamer 407 (5%–30%) were entered as factors, and the responses evaluated were hardness, deformation time, and % drug release. In addition, the formulation was also evaluated for visual examination, weight variation, pH determination, drug content, hardness test, disintegration time, melting zone, deformation time, in vitro drug release, antifungal activity, and stability tests. Results. Suppositories were devoid of holes and cracks, with a characteristic odor and a dark yellowish-orange color. All formulations passed the weight variation test. Formulations exhibited pH ranging from 5.5 to 6.5. Drug content was observed to be
–
. The hardness of the formulation was between 2.9 and 4.2 kg/cm2. The disintegration time ranged from
to
. The melting point was between
and
. Deformation time ranged from
to
. Most of the formulations resulted in 90% of drug release at 40 min, and the zone of inhibition noted was
. All the selected factors have a significant effect on the response chosen for the study. Conclusion. The optimized curcumin vaginal suppository formulation can be an efficient herbal treatment devoid of side effects to treat vaginal candidiasis in cervical cancer patients.
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Negi D, Singh A, Joshi N, Mishra N. Cisplatin and Probiotic Biomass Loaded Pessaries for the Management of Cervical Cancer. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:589-598. [PMID: 31823703 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666191211110640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer is a type of disease, in which the growth of cells is abnormal and uncontrolled. One of the most common cancers among women is cervical cancer. In India, cervical cancer is one of leading causes of cancer mortality among women 30 to 69 years of age, accounting for 17% of all cancer deaths. The work present here shows the combined effects of anticancer drug along with probiotics to circumvent the side effects associated with chemotherapy and to enhance the therapeutic effect. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cisplatin and drug loaded pessaries were prepared by melt mold method using the blend of PEG's (Polyethylene Glycol) and further characterized for various in vitro and in vivo parameters. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The free radical scavenging activity of probiotic Lactobacillus rhamnosus by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) assay was observed to be 60.77μg/mL The mean weight variation, melting time, content uniformity, friability and hardness of the prepared pessary were 1.25±0.025mg, 10.86±0.64min, 99.89±0.74, 0.25%, 2.2kg/cm2. Histopathology studies presented that the developed formulation are safe for local delivery of cisplatin. CONCLUSION This study provides the basis for a combination of local delivery approach along with the beneficial effects of probiotic strain which could be better a approach for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Negi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab 142001, India
| | - Amandeep Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab 142001, India
| | - Navin Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab 142001, India
| | - Neeraj Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab 142001, India
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Qureshi D, Choudhary B, Mohanty B, Sarkar P, Anis A, Cerqueira MA, Banerjee I, Maji S, Pal K. Graphene Oxide Increases Corneal Permeation of Ciprofloxacin Hydrochloride from Oleogels: A Study with Cocoa Butter-Based Oleogels. Gels 2020; 6:E43. [PMID: 33238509 PMCID: PMC7709633 DOI: 10.3390/gels6040043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, oleogels of cocoa butter (CB), rice bran oil (RBO), and graphene oxide (GO) were prepared. The prepared oleogels were subjected to various characterization techniques such as bright-field microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), crystallization kinetics, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and mechanical studies. The influence of increasing GO content on the in vitro drug release and ex vivo corneal permeation of the model drug (ciprofloxacin HCl-CPH) from the oleogels was also investigated. Bright-field micrographs showed that increment in GO content reduced the size of the globular particles of CB. XRD analysis revealed that CB was crystallized in its β' and β polymorphic forms in the oleogels, which was in agreement with thermal studies. The mechanical characterization demonstrated that the presence of GO improved the elastic nature and stress-bearing properties of the oleogels. Moreover, GO altered the crystallization kinetics of CB in the oleogels in a composition-dependent manner. The in vitro release of CPH from the oleogels occurred through either Fickian diffusion or fat network relaxation or a combination thereof. Furthermore, the inclusion of GO enhanced the ex vivo permeation of CPH molecules across the caprine cornea. Hence, we concluded that the prepared oleogels could be explored as potential delivery systems for ophthalmic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilshad Qureshi
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, India;
| | - Barbiee Choudhary
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University, Noida 201301, India;
| | | | - Preetam Sarkar
- Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, India;
| | - Arfat Anis
- SABIC Polymer Research Center, Department of Chemical Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Miguel A. Cerqueira
- International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Av. Mestre José Veiga s/n, 4715-330 Braga, Portugal;
| | - Indranil Banerjee
- Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur 600036, India;
| | - Samarendra Maji
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603203, India
| | - Kunal Pal
- Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela 769008, India;
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Mahjabeen S, Hatipoglu MK, Kosanke SD, Garcia-Contreras D, Benbrook DM, Garcia-Contreras L. Vaginal Suppositories Containing SHetA2 to Treat Cervical Dysplasia: Pharmacokinetics of Daily Doses and Preliminary Safety Profile. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:2000-2008. [PMID: 32113976 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.02.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
SHetA2 is a new drug with potential to treat cervical dysplasia, but only 0.02% of the dose is absorbed into the cervix after oral administration. By contrast, 23.9% of the dose is absorbed into the cervix after vaginal administration. This study determines the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic parameters after daily vaginal doses of SHetA2 in suppositories and assesses its safety. Daily dosed mice maintained therapeutic concentrations of SHetA2 in the cervix for 65 h. The steady-state area under the curve concentration versus time (AUCcervix) after the last dose was similar to that after a single dose indicating that there was no drug accumulation in the cervix. By contrast, the maximum drug concentration (Cmax-cervix) was smaller in the daily dosed group (52.19 μg/g) than after a single dose (121.84 μg/g), whereas the half-life (t1/2-cervix) was also shorter in the daily dosed group (9.94 h) than after a single dose (23.32 h). Notably, daily vaginal doses of SHetA2 reduced the levels of cyclin D1 (the pharmacodynamic endpoint) to a larger extent (∼45%) than after the administration of a single dose (∼26%). No adverse effects were observed in the mice for the duration of the study; thus, daily vaginal doses of SHetA2 appear to be safe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjida Mahjabeen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104
| | - Manolya Kukut Hatipoglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104; Genetics and Bioengineering Department, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Stanley D Kosanke
- Department of Comparative Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104
| | | | - Doris M Benbrook
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104; Stephenson Cancer Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104
| | - Lucila Garcia-Contreras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104.
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10
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Kukut Hatipoglu M, Mahjabeen S, Garcia-Contreras L. Development and validation of a reverse phase HPLC method for SHetA2, a novel anti-cancer drug, in mouse biological samples. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 170:124-131. [PMID: 30921646 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.03.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 03/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
SHetA2 is a flexible heteroarotinoid that has the potential to prevent and treat lung, ovarian and cervical cancer without significant toxicity. A simple and reliable high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method was developed to determine SHetA2 concentrations in the lungs, reproductive organs and plasma of mice. SHetA2 was extracted from these biological matrices by solid phase and liquid-liquid extraction in the presence of 4% H3PO4 and acetonitrile followed by filtration through a Captiva® filtration plate. Drug concentrations in the filtrates were quantified by a Waters HPLC Alliance system coupled with XBridge® C18 column, guard column and UV detection at 361 nm. The mobile phase consisted of methanol and 0.25 N sodium acetate buffer (80:20, v/v) at pH: 3. SHetA2 was eluted after 5.35 and 6.14 min for tissues and plasma, respectively. Recovery of SHetA2 from biological samples was more than 95% of the spiked amount in tissues and more than 80% of the spiked amount in plasma. The limit of detection (LOD) was 0.005 μg/mL and the limit of quantitation (LOQ) was 0.025 μg/mL, which were 280 and 56 times lower than the predicted therapeutic concentration of SHetA2, respectively. The method was suitable to quantify SHetA2 concentrations in biological matrices from animal studies administering the drug by the vaginal, pulmonary and oral routes that had the purpose of determining the pharmacokinetic parameters of drug disposition. The HPLC method developed meets the ICH Harmonized Tripartite Guideline of a reliable, sensitive, reproducible and accurate method to be used in the determination of drug concentrations in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manolya Kukut Hatipoglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Sanjida Mahjabeen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Lucila Garcia-Contreras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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11
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Mahjabeen S, Hatipoglu MK, Benbrook DM, Garcia-Contreras L. Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Escalating Doses of SHetA2 After Vaginal Administration to Mice. J Pharm Sci 2018; 107:3179-3186. [PMID: 30196041 PMCID: PMC6342475 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2018.08.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2018] [Revised: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
SHetA2 is a novel compound with strong potential to treat cervical dysplasia, but its low aqueous solubility limits its oral bioavailability. A vaginal suppository achieved SHetA2 cervix concentrations that were severalfold above the predicted therapeutic levels. Thus, we aimed at determining the minimum dose that would achieve SHetA2 therapeutic levels while reducing cyclin D1 levels, the pharmacodynamic end point. The disposition of SHetA2 after vaginal administration of escalating SHetA2 doses and the corresponding reduction in cyclin D1 levels was compared to that after the conventional oral treatment. Vaginal administration of a 15-mg/kg dose achieved an area under the cervix concentration versus time curve (AUCcervix) that was ∼120 times larger than that after a 60 mg/kg administered orally. AUCcervix and Cmax-cervix did not increase proportionally with respect to the dose, with the 30-mg/kg dose resulting in higher AUCcervix and Cmax-cervix (1368.53 μg.mL/h and 155.38 μg/g, respectively) compared to the 15 mg/kg (334.98 μg.mL/h and 121.78 μg/g, respectively) or 60 mg/kg (1178.55 μg.mL/h and 410.38 μg/g, respectively). Likewise, the 30-mg/kg dose caused a larger reduction in cyclin D1 levels than the other doses. Thus, the 30-mg/kg dose was selected for future efficacy studies in a mouse model of cervical neoplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjida Mahjabeen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73126-0901
| | - Manolya Kukut Hatipoglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73126-0901
| | - Doris M Benbrook
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73126-0901; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73126-0901
| | - Lucila Garcia-Contreras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73126-0901.
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Mahjabeen S, Hatipoglu MK, Benbrook DM, Kosanke SD, Garcia-Contreras D, Garcia-Contreras L. Influence of the estrus cycle of the mouse on the disposition of SHetA2 after vaginal administration. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2018; 130:272-280. [PMID: 30064701 PMCID: PMC6092953 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2018.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
SHetA2 is a novel compound with the potential to treat cervical dysplasia, but has poor water solubility. A vaginal suppository formulation was able to achieve therapeutic concentrations in the cervix of mice, but these concentrations were variable. Histological analysis indicated that mice in the same group were in different stages of their estrous cycle, which is known to induce anatomical changes in their gynecological tissues. We investigated the effects of these changes on the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of SHetA2 when administered vaginally. Mice were synchronized to be either in estrous or diestrus stage for administration of the SHetA2 suppository. Pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated from the SHetA2 concentrations vs. time data. The reduction in the expression of cyclin D1 protein in the cervix was used as pharmacodynamic endpoint. Mice dosed during diestrus had a larger AUCcervix (335 μg mL h-1), higher Cmax (121.8 ± 38.7 µg/g) and longer t1/2-cervix (30.3 h) compared to mice dosed during estrus (120 μg mL h-1, 44.6 ± 29.5 µg/g and 3.6 h respectively). Therapeutic concentrations of SHetA2 were maintained for 48 h in the cervix of mice dosed during diestrus and for only 12 h in the estrus group. The treatment reduced the expression of cyclin D1 protein in the cervix of mice in the estrus to a larger extent. These results indicate that the estrous cycle of mice influences significantly the disposition of SHetA2 after vaginal administration and may also influence its efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjida Mahjabeen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Manolya Kukut Hatipoglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Doris M Benbrook
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | - Stanley D Kosanke
- College of Dentistry, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
| | | | - Lucila Garcia-Contreras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
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Ibrahim M, Hatipoglu MK, Garcia-Contreras L. SHetA2 Dry Powder Aerosols for Tuberculosis: Formulation, Design, and Optimization Using Quality by Design. Mol Pharm 2017; 15:300-313. [PMID: 29219321 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b01062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) is a life threatening pulmonary infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). Current treatments are complex, lengthy, and associated with severe side effects that decrease patient compliance and increase the probability of the emergence of drug resistant strains. Thus, more effective drugs with little to no side effects are needed to diversify the armamentarium against the global TB epidemic. SHetA2, an anticancer compound with null toxicity at doses much higher than the effective dose, was recently discovered to be active against MTB. In the present study, a dry powder formulation of SHetA2 for pulmonary delivery was developed to overcome its poor aqueous solubility and to maximize its concentration in the lungs, the main site of TB infection. Using quality by design (QbD) methodology, three different formulations of SHetA2 microparticles (MPs) were designed, manufactured, and optimized, SHetA2 alone, SHetA2 PLGA, and SHetA2 mannitol MPs, to maximize the drug dose, target alveolar macrophages, and increase drug solubility, respectively. The resulting three SHetA2 MP formulations had spherical shape with particle size ranging from 1 to 3 μm and a narrow size distribution, suitable for uniform delivery to the alveolar region of the lungs. Upon dispersion with the Aerolizer dry powder inhaler (DPI), all three SHetA2 MP formulations had aerodynamic diameters smaller than 3.3 μm and fine particle fractions (FPF4.46) greater than 77%. SHetA2 remained chemically stable after MP manufacture by spray drying, but the drug transformed from the crystalline to the amorphous form, which significantly enhanced the solubility of SHetA2. Using a custom-made dissolution apparatus, the FPF4.46 of SHetA2 MP dissolved much faster and to a greater extent (21.19 ± 4.40%) than the unprocessed drug (3.51 ± 0.9%). Thus, the physicochemical characteristics, in vitro aerosol performance, and dissolution rate of the optimized SHetA2 MPs appear to be suitable to achieve therapeutic concentrations in the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center , Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, United States
| | - Manolya Kukut Hatipoglu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center , Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, United States
| | - Lucila Garcia-Contreras
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Science Center , Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73104, United States
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