1
|
Som M, Gikanga B, Kanapuram V, Yadav S. Drug product Formulation and Fill/Finish Manufacturing Process Considerations for AAV-Based Genomic Medicines. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:1711-1725. [PMID: 38570073 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Adeno-associated viruses (AAVs) have become the delivery medium of choice for a variety of genomic medicine applications i.e., gene therapy, gene editing/regulation, and ex-vivo cell therapy. AAVs are protein-DNA complexes which have unique stability characteristics that are susceptible to various stress exposure conditions commonly seen in the drug product (DP) life cycle. This review takes a comprehensive look at AAV DP formulation and process development considerations that could impact critical quality attributes (CQAs) during manufacturing, packaging, shipping, and clinical use. Additional aspects related to AAV development reviewed herein are: (1) Different AAV serotypes with unique protein sequences and charge characteristics potentially leading to discrete stability profiles; (2) Manufacturing process challenges and optimization efforts to improve yield, recovery and purity especially during early development activities; and (3) Defining and identifying CQAs with analytical methods which are constantly evolving and present unique characterization challenges for AAV-based products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madhura Som
- Sangamo Therapeutics, 7000 Marina Boulevard, Brisbane, CA 94005, United States.
| | - Benson Gikanga
- Sangamo Therapeutics, 7000 Marina Boulevard, Brisbane, CA 94005, United States
| | - Varna Kanapuram
- Sangamo Therapeutics, 7000 Marina Boulevard, Brisbane, CA 94005, United States
| | - Sandeep Yadav
- Sangamo Therapeutics, 7000 Marina Boulevard, Brisbane, CA 94005, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Baseggio J, Zverev A, Pinato O, Vico A, Fernandez JE, Singh SK. Container Closure Integrity of a Glass Prefillable Syringe in Deep Frozen Storage Conditions. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:1248-1256. [PMID: 38070774 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Development of novel pharmaceutical drug modalities has created a need for frozen storage and transportation. Accurate and easy assessment of container closure integrity (CCI) in frozen conditions remains a challenge. Thus, container closure systems (CCS) suitable for low temperatures have been primarily restricted to vials despite the growing popularity of prefillable syringes (PFS) for parenteral administration. A new dye ingress test method, suitable for testing at low temperatures, was developed and applied to PFS across a range of deep-frozen temperatures. The method is versatile and can easily be extended to other common CCS formats over a wide range of temperatures including storage on dry ice (-80 °C). This new method was paired with an orthogonal technique, laser-based CO2 headspace gas analysis, to evaluate the CCI of a glass PFS at temperatures from -50 °C to -80 °C. Both test methods showed comparable results and consistent CCI failure below a temperature of -70 °C. The primary mode of failure was the plunger-to-barrel interface, likely attributable to dimensional changes and loss of elasticity. This study demonstrates the temperature dependent CCI behavior of glass PFS and underscores the importance of thorough characterization of package integrity for deep frozen drug products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Baseggio
- EMEA Technology Excellence Center, Stevanato Group, Piombino Dese, Italy
| | - Anton Zverev
- Moderna, Inc., Cambridge, MA, United States of America.
| | - Odra Pinato
- EMEA Technology Excellence Center, Stevanato Group, Piombino Dese, Italy
| | - Anthony Vico
- US Technology Excellence Center, Stevanato Group, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wilkinson AS, Walker KE, Ozolina L, Machníková R, Johnson AJ, Bhogal N, Pegg K. Integrity performance assessment of a closed system transfer device syringe adaptor lock as a terminal closure for Luer-Lock syringes. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2023; 31:50-56. [PMID: 35410874 PMCID: PMC10800267 DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2021-003148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the container closure integrity of a closed system transfer device syringe adaptor lock in combination with disposable Luer-Lock syringes as the terminal closure device. The UK National Health Service (NHS) Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Committee (PQAC) requires syringe integrity data for final storage devices of aseptic products such as chemotherapy drugs when prepared in advance and stored before use, as is standard practice for dose banded drugs. The assessment comprised both physical and microbial integrity testing of the combination closed system/Luer-Lock syringe containers at syringe sizes of 1 mL, 20 mL, and 50 mL. METHODS Integrity testing was performed as described in the NHS Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Committee yellow cover document, second edition 2013 'Protocols for the Integrity Testing of Syringes', with Chemfort (Simplivia, IL) syringe adaptor lock (SAL) devices as replacement for sterile blind hubs. Microbiological integrity was assessed according to method 1 part 1.4 using Brevundimonas diminuta at 32°C for up to 14 days of contact time. Two positive control devices per syringe size were tested using a blind hub cap as closure which was loosened before the test. Physical integrity was assessed using method 3 of the yellow cover document which is a dye intrusion method. Dye intrusion was assessed both visually and using a validated ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer method. For each size/batch of test articles a positive control device (n=1) was assessed using a wire wrapped around the syringe plunger tip deliberately compromising integrity. Negative controls for each size (n=1) consisted of devices not immersed in methylene blue dye. RESULTS Chemfort syringe adaptor lock/Luer-Lock syringe combinations were shown to be: (1) free of microbiological contamination after 14 days of contact time (n=60); and (2) free of dye intrusion at all syringe sizes tested (n=61 in total). The data demonstrate 100% closure integrity of the final container system when the Chemfort syringe adaptor lock replaces the syringe hub as the terminal closure device. All positive control devices demonstrated system suitability as container integrity was compromised in all positive control tests. All negative controls were negative for microbial and dye intrusion. CONCLUSIONS Syringe adaptor lock components complied with the NHS Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Committee yellow cover document syringe integrity requirements when used as the terminal closure of Luer-Lock disposable syringes from 1 mL up to 50 mL. Therefore, syringe adaptor lock (Chemfort) can be used as the terminal closure system for pre-filled syringes of chemotherapeutic drug products prepared in advance in UK NHS pharmacy technical services.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Shaun Wilkinson
- R&D, Biopharma Stability Testing Laboratory Ltd, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK
| | - Kate E Walker
- R&D, Biopharma Stability Testing Laboratory Ltd, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK
| | - Laima Ozolina
- R&D, Biopharma Stability Testing Laboratory Ltd, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK
| | - Romana Machníková
- R&D, Biopharma Stability Testing Laboratory Ltd, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK
| | - Andrew J Johnson
- R&D, Biopharma Stability Testing Laboratory Ltd, Nottingham, Nottinghamshire, UK
| | - Navneet Bhogal
- QA Pharmacy, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, Derbyshire, UK
| | - Kate Pegg
- QA Pharmacy, University Hospitals of Derby and Burton NHS Foundation Trust, Derby, Derbyshire, UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gjølberg TT, Lode HE, Melo GB, Mester S, Probst C, Sivertsen MS, Jørstad ØK, Andersen JT, Moe MC. A Silicone Oil-Free Syringe Tailored for Intravitreal Injection of Biologics. FRONTIERS IN OPHTHALMOLOGY 2022; 2:882013. [PMID: 38983507 PMCID: PMC11182194 DOI: 10.3389/fopht.2022.882013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 07/11/2024]
Abstract
Intravitreal injections (IVI) of biologics targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) led to a paradigm shift in the management and prognosis of prevalent retinal conditions. Yet, IVI are typically performed with syringes that are neither developed nor approved for this purpose. Notably, syringes lubricated with silicone oil (SiO) are extensively used despite multiple reports showing that such syringes can cause deposition of SiO droplets in the vitreous body and patient discomfort. Thus, there is a need for SiO-free substitutes specifically tailored for IVI. Here, we report on the development and testing of such a syringe. This syringe has no dead volume, and its design allows for high-accuracy dosing. Also, it permits pharmaceutical compounding and storage of bevacizumab, ranibizumab, and aflibercept for up to 30 days without compromising their functional binding or transport properties. Finally, the new syringe demonstrated a favorable safety profile regarding release of SiO compared to SiO lubricated alternatives, including commercially prefilled syringes. Accordingly, the newly developed syringe is an appealing alternative for IVI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Torleif T Gjølberg
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pharmacology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidrun E Lode
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pharmacology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Gustavo B Melo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hospital de Olhos de Sergipe, Aracaju, Brazil
| | - Simone Mester
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pharmacology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Christine Probst
- Department of Research and Development Sciences, Luminex Corporation, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Magne S Sivertsen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Øystein K Jørstad
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jan Terje Andersen
- Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pharmacology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Morten C Moe
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Mehta SB, Cook J, Liu W, Brisbane C. Risk Mitigation of Plunger-Stopper Displacement under Low Atmospheric Pressure by establishing Design Space for Filling-Stoppering Process of Prefilled Syringes: A Design of Experiment (DoE) Approach. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:2038-2048. [PMID: 35122830 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
There is a concern that low atmospheric pressure typically encountered during shipment could result in plunger-stopper displacement in prefilled syringes impacting sterility and container closure integrity (CCI) of drug product1. In this work, following DoE principles we first investigated the impact of filling and stoppering operating parameters on creation of bubble height as performance parameters among others in nominal 1 mL and 2.25 mL Type I glass prefilled syringes (PFSs) with staked needle and rigid needle shield (RNS). Bubble height ranging from <2.0 mm to >15.0 mm were produced in syringes by filling water and vacuum stoppering at operating vacuum pressure ranging from 400 mbar to 950 mbar using a pilot scale filling-stoppering machine. We found that for a particular nominal fill volume in prefilled syringe, as the stoppering vacuum pressure increased, bubble height decreased resulting in plunger-stopper placed closer to the fill level. Subsequently, syringes with varying bubble size were exposed to reduced atmospheric pressure ranging from 628 Torr to 293 Torr bracketing the low pressure recommended by ASTM D4169 standard to qualify shipping containers for transportation of drug products. We found inverse linear correlation between bubble height and plunger-stopper displacement under low atmospheric pressure. However, plunger-stopper displacement increased exponentially as atmospheric pressure decreased. The results suggest that air bubble size in filled glass syringes should be minimized in order to mitigate sterility and container closure integrity (CCI) risk to drug product in prefilled syringes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shyam B Mehta
- Drug Product Development and Operations, Biologics CMC, Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, West Chester, PA 19380.
| | - Joseph Cook
- Drug Product Development and Operations, Biologics CMC, Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, West Chester, PA 19380
| | - Wei Liu
- Drug Product Development and Operations, Biologics CMC, Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, West Chester, PA 19380
| | - Charlene Brisbane
- Drug Product Development and Operations, Biologics CMC, Teva Branded Pharmaceutical Products R&D, West Chester, PA 19380
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
da Cruz NFS, Agra LLDM, Probst C, Lima LH, Carpenter JF, Maia M, Farah ME, Melo GB. In-vitro assessment of release of silicone oil droplets with the use of variety of syringes and needles used in intravitreal injections. Eur J Ophthalmol 2021; 32:11206721211019580. [PMID: 34024140 DOI: 10.1177/11206721211019580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the variability of silicone oil (SO) particles released across syringes from the same lot and the role of different needle gauges. MATERIALS AND METHODS Four syringe models and six needle models were assessed for SO release. About 50 microliters of a buffer solution were loaded into the syringe, needle or syringe/needle setup. The data were analyzed by imaging flow cytometry with fluorescently labeling for SO. RESULTS All syringe models had a high coefficient of variation in SO release across syringes from the same lot. The amount of SO was significantly greater in the syringe when the needle was attached. SO particles with the BD 30G needle attached to the syringe were statistically greater than the 27G counterpart (p = 0.005). None of the other comparisons was statistically different. Finally, the number of SO particles was higher in the syringe/needle setup than in needles only (p = 0.0024). CONCLUSION We found a high variability in SO content across syringes from the same lot. Additionally, there was no clear association between needle gauge and the number of SO particles, as well as their coefficient of variation. Finally, the needles accounted for a small number of SO particles in comparison to the combined syringe-needle setup.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lydianne Lumack do Monte Agra
- Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Hospital de Olhos de Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| | - Christine Probst
- Department of Research and Development Sciences, Luminex Corporation, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Luiz Henrique Lima
- Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - John F Carpenter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Mauricio Maia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Michel Eid Farah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Barreto Melo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
- Hospital de Olhos de Sergipe, Aracaju, SE, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Schneider A, Richard P, Mueller P, Jordi C, Yovanoff M, Lange J. User-Centric Approach to Specifying Technical Attributes of Drug Delivery Devices: Empirical Study of Autoinjector-Cap Removal Forces. Patient Prefer Adherence 2021; 15:159-168. [PMID: 33564226 PMCID: PMC7866940 DOI: 10.2147/ppa.s298725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The subcutaneous delivery of biologics using pre-filled autoinjector devices continues to attract broad scholarly interests. However, research still lacks a detailed understanding of user perceptions as the basis for specifying the clinically relevant technical attributes of a device, such as the cap-removal force. Therefore, this article studies the ability of users to remove the autoinjector cap, as well as the effects of the cap-removal force and user characteristics on the perceived ease of decapping. PATIENTS AND METHODS Forty-two participants among patients, caregivers, and healthcare professionals removed the protective cap using non-functional devices with different target cap-removal forces between 25 N and 55 N. Data were collected on the ability of the users to effectively decap the device and their perceived ease of decapping. Linear regression was then applied to quantify the impact of the decapping force and patient characteristics on the perceived ease of decapping. RESULTS The participants of the study effectively decapped all autoinjector devices irrespective of age, sex, and dexterity impairments. Moreover, the study reveals that the perceived ease of decapping decreases significantly with increasing decapping force and participants' dexterity impairments. CONCLUSION The study provides initial empirical evidence on the ability of users to decap autoinjector devices and shows how increasing the cap-removal force and dexterity impairments reduce the perceived ease of decapping.
Collapse
|
8
|
Ingle RG, Fang WJ. Prefilled dual chamber devices (DCDs) - Promising high-quality and convenient drug delivery system. Int J Pharm 2021; 597:120314. [PMID: 33540011 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Prefilled dual chamber devices (DCDs) are combination products containing freeze-dried drug and diluent in two separate chambers of the device. DCDs provide high stability and convenience to patients and doctors, thus significantly improving product quality, patient compliance and market competitiveness. DCDs should also provide seal integrity, sterility and compatibility with biopharmaceuticals and avoid leachability and needle stick injuries. DCDs are promising alternatives to traditional containers or devices for biopharmaceuticals. The regulatory and medical practice to choose plastic DCDs as better alternatives over well-established glass syringes will be addressed here. The impact and major issues during processing, manufacturing, and storage of DCDs are also highlighted. Further discussion clears its business potential, composition, stability testing, and quality standard requirements to deal with market competition. It also covers major role of extractables and leachables in storage stability of the product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rahul G Ingle
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Wei-Jie Fang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Melo GB, Cruz NFSD, Emerson GG, Rezende FA, Meyer CH, Uchiyama S, Carpenter J, Shiroma HF, Farah ME, Maia M, Rodrigues EB. Critical analysis of techniques and materials used in devices, syringes, and needles used for intravitreal injections. Prog Retin Eye Res 2020; 80:100862. [PMID: 32311476 DOI: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2020.100862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Intravitreal injections have become the most commonly performed intraocular treatments worldwide. Because intravitreal injections may induce severe adverse events, such as infectious and noninfectious endophthalmitis, cataract, ocular hypertension, vitreous hemorrhage, or retinal detachment, appropriate awareness of the materials and techniques used are essential to reduce these sight-threatening complications. This review provides insights into the needles, syringes, silicone oil coating, sterilization methods, devices to assist intravitreal injections, scleral piercing techniques using needles, syringe handling, anesthesia, and safety issues related to materials and techniques. It is paramount that physicians be aware of every step involved in intravitreal injections and consider the roles and implications of all materials and techniques used. The ability to understand the theoretical and practical circumstances may definitely lead to state-of-the-art treatments delivered to patients. The most important practical recommendations are: choosing syringes with as little silicone oil as possible, or, preferably, none; avoiding agitation of syringes; awareness that most biologics (e.g., antiangiogenic proteins) are susceptible to changes in molecular properties under some conditions, such as agitation and temperature variation; understanding that improper materials and techniques may lead to complications after intravitreal injections, e.g., inflammation; and recognizing that some devices may contribute to an enhanced, safer, and faster intravitreal injection technique.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gustavo Barreto Melo
- Hospital de Olhos de Sergipe, Rua Campo do Brito, 995, Aracaju, SE, Brazil; Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 806, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | | | | | | | - Carsten H Meyer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 806, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Ophthalmology, Philipps University of Marburg, Robert-Koch-Strasse 4, Marburg, Germany
| | - Susumu Uchiyama
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Osaka, Japan
| | - John Carpenter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Denver/Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Hélio Francisco Shiroma
- Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 806, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Michel Eid Farah
- Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 806, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Maurício Maia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 806, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Eduardo Büchele Rodrigues
- Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of São Paulo, Rua Botucatu, 806, São Paulo, SP, Brazil; Department of Ophthalmology, SSM Health Saint Louis University Hospital, Saint Louis University, 1755, S. Grand Boulevard, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| |
Collapse
|