1
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Hada S, Shin IJ, Park HE, Kim KH, Kim KJ, Jeong SH, Kim NA. In-use stability of Rituximab and IVIG during intravenous infusion: Impact of peristaltic pump, IV bags, flow rate, and plastic syringes. Int J Pharm 2024; 663:124577. [PMID: 39137820 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 08/08/2024] [Accepted: 08/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of intravenous (IV) infusion protocols on the stability of Intravenous Immunoglobulin G (IVIG) and Rituximab, with a particular focus on subvisible particle generation. Infusion set based on peristaltic movement (Medifusion DI-2000 pump) was compared to a gravity-based infusion system (Accu-Drip) at different flow rates. The impacts of different diluents (0.9 % saline and 5.0 % dextrose) and plastic syringes with or without silicone oil (SO) were also investigated. The results from the aforementioned particular case demonstrated that peristaltic pumps generated high levels of subvisible particles (prominently < 25 µm), exacerbated by increasing flow rates, specifically in formulations lacking surfactants. Other factors, such as diluent type and syringe composition, also increased the number of subvisible particles. Strategies that can help overcome these complications include surfactant addition as well as the use of SO-free syringes and a gravity infusion system, which aid in reducing particle formation and preserving antibody monomer during administration. Altogether, these findings highlight the importance of the careful selection of formulations and infusion protocols to minimize particle generation during IV infusion both for patients' safety and treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shavron Hada
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - I Jeong Shin
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha Eun Park
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Hyun Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Joon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hoon Jeong
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nam Ah Kim
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea; Department of Biomedicine, Health & Life Convergence Sciences, BK21 Four, Biomedical and Healthcare Research Institute, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea.
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2
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Taseva AR, Persoons T, Marie Healy A, D'Arcy DM. Application of shadowgraph imaging (SGI) particle characterisation data to interpret the impact of varying test conditions on power dissolution and to develop an automated agglomeration identification method (AIM) in the USP flow through apparatus. Int J Pharm 2024:124778. [PMID: 39349225 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Revised: 09/27/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/02/2024]
Abstract
The aims of this work were 1) to explore the application of shadowgraph imaging (SGI) as a real time monitoring tool to characterize ibuprofen particle behaviour during dissolution testing under various conditions in the USP 4 flow-through apparatus and 2) to investigate the potential to develop an SGI-based automated agglomeration identification method (AIM) for real time agglomerate detection during dissolution testing. The effect of surfactant addition, changes in the drug mass and flow rate, the use of sieved and un-sieved powder fractions, and the use of different drug crystal habits were investigated. Videos at every sampling time point during dissolution were taken and analysed by SGI. The AIM was developed to characterize agglomerates based on two criteria - size and solidity. All detections were confirmed by manual video observation and a reference agglomerate data set. The method was validated under new dissolution conditions with un-sieved particles. Characterisation of particle dispersion behaviour by SGI enabled interpretation of the impact of dissolution test conditions. Higher numbers of early detections reflected greater dissolution rates with increased surfactant concentration, using sieved fraction or plate-shaped crystals, but was impacted by drug mass tested. An AIM was successfully developed and applied to detect agglomerates during dissolution, suggesting potential, with appropriate method development, for application in quality control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra R Taseva
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; SSPC, The Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Tim Persoons
- Department of Mechanical, Manufacturing & Biomedical Engineering, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; SSPC, The Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Anne Marie Healy
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; SSPC, The Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
| | - Deirdre M D'Arcy
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; SSPC, The Science Foundation Ireland Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
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3
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Desai KG, Sofa C, Wang N, Mandal B, Blockus B, Heacock N, Colandene JD. Feasibility of Laboratory Equipment-Based Simulation Methods to Assess the Impact of Vehicle Transportation on Product Quality of mAb Dosing Solutions. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:4726-4746. [PMID: 39141808 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Therapeutic monoclonal antibody (mAb) products for intravenous (IV) administration generally require aseptic compounding with a commercially available diluent. When the administration site is located away from the preparation site, the prepared dosing solution may need to be transported in a vehicle. The impact of vehicle transportation on the product quality of mAbs needs to be evaluated to define safe handling and transportation conditions for dosing solutions. The design and execution of actual vehicle transportation studies require considerable resources and time. In this study, we systematically developed three different laboratory equipment-based methods that simulate vehicle transportation stresses: orbital shaker (OS), reciprocating shaker (RS), and vibration test system (VTS)-based simulation methods. We assessed their feasibility by comparing the impact on product quality caused by each simulated method with that caused by actual vehicle transportation. Without residual polysorbate 80 (PS80) in the mAb dosing solution, transportation via a cargo van led to a considerable increase in the subvisible particle counts and did not meet the compendial specifications for the light obscuration method. However, the presence of as low as 0.0004%w/v (4 ppm) PS80 in the dosing solution stabilized the mAb against vehicle transportation stresses and met the compendial specifications. Vehicle transportation of an IV bag with headspace resulted in negligible micro air bubbles and foaming in both PS80-free and PS80-containing mAb dosing solutions. These phenomena were found to be comparable to the VTS-based simulated method. However, the OS- and RS-based simulated methods formed significantly more micro air bubbles and foaming in an IV bag with headspace than either actual vehicle transportation or the VTS-based simulated method. Despite the higher interfacial stress (micro air bubbles and foaming) in the dosing solution created by the OS- and RS-based simulated methods, 0.0004%w/v (4 ppm) PS80 in the dosing solution was found to be sufficient to stabilize the mAb. The study shows that under appropriate simulated conditions, the OS-, RS-, and VTS-based simulated methods can be used as practical and meaningful models to assess the impact and risk of vehicle transportation on the quality of mAb dosing solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashappa Goud Desai
- Drug Product Development - Steriles, Medicine Development and Supply, GSK, 1250 S. Collegeville Ave, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Cait Sofa
- Drug Product Development - Steriles, Medicine Development and Supply, GSK, 1250 S. Collegeville Ave, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Ning Wang
- Drug Product Development - Steriles, Medicine Development and Supply, GSK, 1250 S. Collegeville Ave, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Bivash Mandal
- Drug Product Development - Steriles, Medicine Development and Supply, GSK, 1250 S. Collegeville Ave, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Brendan Blockus
- Drug Product Development - Steriles, Medicine Development and Supply, GSK, 1250 S. Collegeville Ave, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Nathan Heacock
- Drug Product Development - Steriles, Medicine Development and Supply, GSK, 1250 S. Collegeville Ave, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - James D Colandene
- Drug Product Development - Steriles, Medicine Development and Supply, GSK, 1250 S. Collegeville Ave, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
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4
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Amara I, Germershaus O, Lentes C, Sass S, Youmto SM, Stracke JO, Clemens-Hemmelmann M, Assfalg A. Comparison of Protein-like Model Particles Fabricated by Micro 3D Printing to Established Standard Particles. J Pharm Sci 2024; 113:2394-2404. [PMID: 38615817 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2024.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Innovative analytical instruments and development of new methods has provided a better understanding of protein particle formation in biopharmaceuticals but have also challenged the ability to obtain reproducible and reliable measurements. The need for protein-like particle standards mimicking the irregular shape, translucent nature and near-to-neutral buoyancy of protein particles remained one of the hot topics in the field of particle detection and characterization in biopharmaceutical formulations. An innovative protein-like particle model has been developed using two photo polymerization (2PP) printing allowing to fabricate irregularly shaped particles with similar properties as protein particles at precise size of 50 µm and 150 µm, representative of subvisible particles and visible particles, respectively. A study was conducted to compare the morphological, physical, and optical properties of artificially generated protein particles, polystyrene spheres, ETFE, and SU-8 particle standards, along with newly developed protein-like model particles manufactured using 2PP printing. Our results suggest that 2PP printing can be used to produce protein-like particle standards that might facilitate harmonization and standardization of subvisible and visible protein particle characterization across laboratories and organizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilias Amara
- Pharmaceutical Development & Supplies, Pharmaceutical Technical Development Biologics Europe, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland; Institute of Pharma Technology, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, Hofackerstrasse 30, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, CH-4059 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Oliver Germershaus
- Institute of Pharma Technology, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland, Hofackerstrasse 30, 4132 Muttenz, Switzerland.
| | - Christopher Lentes
- Pharmaceutical Development & Supplies, Pharmaceutical Technical Development Biologics Europe, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Steffen Sass
- Pharma Technical Development, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Nonnenwald 2, 82377 Penzberg, Germany
| | - Stephany Mamdjo Youmto
- Pharma Technical Development, Roche Diagnostics GmbH, Nonnenwald 2, 82377 Penzberg, Germany
| | - Jan Olaf Stracke
- Analytical Development and Quality Control, Pharmaceutical Technical Development Biologics Europe, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Mirjam Clemens-Hemmelmann
- Pharmaceutical Development & Supplies, Pharmaceutical Technical Development Biologics Europe, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Anacelia Assfalg
- Analytical Development and Quality Control, Pharmaceutical Technical Development Biologics Europe, F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
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5
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Desai KG, Colandene JD, Crotts G, Sofa C, Wang N, Blockus B, Mandal B, Wittig K, Shukla A. Transportation of mAb Dosing Solution in Intravenous Bag: Impact of Manual, Vehicle, and Pneumatic Tube System Transportation Methods on Product Quality. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:6474-6491. [PMID: 37962592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Monoclonal antibody (mAb) products for intravenous (IV) administration generally require aseptic compounding with a commercial diluent within a pharmacy. The prepared dosing solution in the IV bag may be transported to the dosing location via manual, vehicular, pneumatic tube system (PTS), or a combination of these methods. In this study, the type and level of physical stresses associated with these three methods and their product quality impact for relatively sensitive and stable mAbs were assessed. Vibration was found to be the main stress associated with manual and vehicle transportation methods, although this was at a relatively low level (<1 GRMS/Root-Mean-Square Acceleration). Shock and drop events, at relatively low levels, were also observed with these methods. PTS transportation showed substantially more intense shock, vibration, and drop stresses and the measured levels were up to 91 G/force of acceleration or deceleration, 3.7 GRMS and 39 G, respectively. Using a foam padding insert for PTS transportation reduced the shock level considerably (91 G to 59 G). Transportation of mAb dosing solutions in IV bags via different methods including PTS transportation variables caused a small increase in the subvisible particle counts and there was no change in submicrometer particle distribution. No visible particles and no significant change to soluble aggregate levels were observed after transportation. Strategies such as removal of IV bag headspace prior to transport and in-line filtration poststress reduced the subvisible particles counts. All tested transportation conditions showed negligible impact on other product quality attributes tested. Removal of IV bag headspace prior to PTS transport prevented formation of micro air bubbles and foaming compared to the unaltered IV bag. This study shows examples where manual, vehicle, and PTS transport methods did not significantly impact product quality, and provides evidence that mAb products that are appropriately stabilized in the dosing solution (e.g., with a surfactant) can be transported via a PTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashappa Goud Desai
- Drug Product Development - Steriles, Medicine Development and Supply, GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Avenue, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - James D Colandene
- Drug Product Development - Steriles, Medicine Development and Supply, GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Avenue, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - George Crotts
- Drug Product Development - Steriles, Medicine Development and Supply, GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Avenue, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Cait Sofa
- Drug Product Development - Steriles, Medicine Development and Supply, GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Avenue, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Ning Wang
- Drug Product Development - Steriles, Medicine Development and Supply, GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Avenue, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Brendan Blockus
- Drug Product Development - Steriles, Medicine Development and Supply, GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Avenue, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Bivash Mandal
- Drug Product Development - Steriles, Medicine Development and Supply, GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Avenue, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Katie Wittig
- Drug Product Development - Steriles, Medicine Development and Supply, GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Avenue, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
| | - Asha Shukla
- Drug Product Development - Steriles, Medicine Development and Supply, GSK, 1250 South Collegeville Avenue, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, United States
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6
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Kurinomaru T, Takeda K, Onaka M, Kuruma Y, Takahata K, Takahashi K, Sakurai H, Sasaki A, Noda N, Honda S, Shibuya R, Ikeda T, Okada R, Torisu T, Uchiyama S. Optimization of Flow Imaging Microscopy Setting Using Spherical Beads with Optical Properties Similar to Those of Biopharmaceuticals. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:3248-3255. [PMID: 37813302 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2023.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Flow imaging microscopy (FIM) is widely used to characterize biopharmaceutical subvisible particles (SVPs). The segmentation threshold, which defines the boundary between the particle and the background based on pixel intensity, should be properly set for accurate SVP quantification. However, segmentation thresholds are often subjectively and empirically set, potentially leading to variations in measurements across instruments and operators. In the present study, we developed an objective method to optimize the FIM segmentation threshold using poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) beads with a refractive index similar to that of biomolecules. Among several candidate particles that were evaluated, 2.5-µm PMMA beads were the most reliable in size and number, suggesting that the PMMA bead size analyzed by FIM could objectively be used to determine the segmentation threshold for SVP measurements. The PMMA bead concentrations measured by FIM were highly consistent with the indicative concentrations, whereas the PMMA bead size analyzed by FIM decreased with increasing segmentation threshold. The optimal segmentation threshold where the analyzed size was closest to the indicative size differed between an instrument with a black-and-white camera and that with a color camera. Inter-instrument differences in SVP concentrations in acid-stressed recombinant adeno-associated virus (AAV) and protein aggregates were successfully minimized by setting an optimized segmentation threshold specific to the instrument. These results reveal that PMMA beads can aid in determining a more appropriate segmentation threshold to evaluate biopharmaceutical SVPs using FIM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Megumi Onaka
- U-Medico Inc., 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuki Kuruma
- National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
| | - Keiji Takahata
- National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
| | - Kayori Takahashi
- National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
| | - Hiromu Sakurai
- National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8563, Japan
| | - Akira Sasaki
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Naohiro Noda
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Shinya Honda
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Risa Shibuya
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Ikeda
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Rio Okada
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Torisu
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Susumu Uchiyama
- U-Medico Inc., 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
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7
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Chen W, Klemm D, Gregoritza K, Satya Krishna Kishore R, Olaf Stracke J, Wurth C, Pinto C, Sancho Oltra N. Screening techniques for monitoring the sub-visible particle formation of free fatty acids in biopharmaceuticals. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 190:242-247. [PMID: 37524212 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Free fatty acid (FFA) particles that originate from the enzymatic hydrolysis of polysorbate (PS) via co-purified host cell proteins generally appear abruptly in drug products during real-time (long-term) storage. Efforts were taken to understand the kinetics of FFA particle formation, aiming for a mitigation strategy. However, it is rather challenging particularly in the sub-visible particle (SVP) range, due to either the insufficient sensitivity of the analytical techniques used or the interference of the formulation matrices of proteinaceous drug products. In this study, we examined the feasibility of Raman microscopy, backgrounded membrane imaging (BMI) and total holographic characterization (THC) on the detection of FFA sub-visible particles (SVPs). The results indicate that THC is the most sensitive technique to track their occurrence during the course of PS hydrolysis. Moreover, with this technique we are able to distinguish different stages of FFA particle formation in the medium. In addition, a real time stability study of a biopharmaceutical was analyzed, demonstrating the viability of THC to monitor SVPs in a real sample and correlate it to the visible particles (VPs) occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Denis Klemm
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Jan Olaf Stracke
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Christine Wurth
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cosimo Pinto
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Nuria Sancho Oltra
- F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Grenzacherstrasse 124, 4070 Basel, Switzerland.
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8
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Fawaz I, Schaz S, Boehrer A, Garidel P, Blech M. Micro-flow imaging multi-instrument evaluation for sub-visible particle detection. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 185:55-70. [PMID: 36708971 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Sub-visible particles (SVPs) in pharmaceutical products are a critical quality attribute, and therefore should be monitored during development. Although light obscuration (LO) and microscopic particle count tests are the primary pharmacopeial methods used to quantify SVPs, flow imaging methods like Micro-Flow Imaging (MFI™) appear to overcome shortcomings of LO such as limited sensitivity concerning smaller translucent SVPs in the size range < 10 µm. Nowadays, MFI™ is routinely utilized during development of biologicals. Oftentimes multiple devices are distributed across several laboratories and departments. This poses challenges in data interpretation and consistency as well as in the use of multiple devices for one purpose. In this study, we systematically evaluated seven MFI™ instruments concerning their counting and size precision and accuracy, using an inter-comparable approach to mimic daily working routine. Therefore, we investigated three different types of particles (i) NIST certified counting standards, (ii) protein-coated particles, and (iii) stress-induced particles from a monoclonal antibody. We compared the results to alternative particle detection methods: LO and Backgrounded Membrane Imaging (BMI). Our results showed that the precision and accuracy of particle count and size, as well as the comparability of instruments, depended on the particle source and its material properties. The various MFI™ instruments investigated showed high precision (<15 %) and data generated on different instruments were of the same order of magnitude within pharmacopeial relevant size ranges for NIST certified counting standards. However, we found limitations in the upper and lower detection limits, contrary to the limits claimed by the manufacturer. In addition, proteinaceous and protein-containing particles showed statistically significant differences in particle counts, while the measured particle diameters of all sizes were quite consistent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Fawaz
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Innovation Unit, Pharmaceutical Development Biologicals, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Simone Schaz
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Innovation Unit, Pharmaceutical Development Biologicals, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Armin Boehrer
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Analytical Development Biologicals, CMC Statistics, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Patrick Garidel
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Innovation Unit, Pharmaceutical Development Biologicals, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany
| | - Michaela Blech
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, Innovation Unit, Pharmaceutical Development Biologicals, 88397 Biberach an der Riss, Germany.
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9
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Hada S, Na KJ, Jeong J, Choi DH, Kim NA, Jeong SH. Evaluation of subvisible particles in human immunoglobulin and lipid nanoparticles repackaged from a multi-dose vial using plastic syringes. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123439. [PMID: 36716845 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The multi-dose vial (MDV) is widely used for most biopharmaceuticals that are repackaged in plastic syringes before use. However, subvisible particle formation with the use of plastic syringes containing silicone oil (SO syringes) for handling therapeutic proteins can be problematic. This study aimed to evaluate the extent of and trends in microparticle (>1 μm) formation and accumulation in repackaged syringes from MDVs containing human immunoglobulin (IgG) and lipid nanoparticles (LNPs). Light obscuration (LO) and flow imaging (FI) were used to analyze the microparticles. The number of microparticles observed with the use SO syringes was greater than that with SO-free syringes, and the number of microparticles continuously increased as did the number of times of repackaging in syringes for both drugs. However, a large variation was observed across different brands of SO syringes. In contrast, using a different technique of drug withdrawal from the vial significantly reduced the number of microparticles. Furthermore, the use of filter-integrated needles or the inclusion of stabilizers such as acetyl-arginine and Tween 20 into the formulation also helped reduce particle formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shavron Hada
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyung Jun Na
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - Junoh Jeong
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea.
| | - Du Hyung Choi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Inje University, Gyeongnam 621-749, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Daegu Catholic University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk 38430, Republic of Korea.
| | - Nam Ah Kim
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Hoon Jeong
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Salami H, Wang S, Skomski D. Evaluation of a Self-Supervised Machine Learning Method for Screening of Particulate Samples: A Case Study in Liquid Formulations. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:771-778. [PMID: 36240862 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Imaging is commonly used as a characterization method in the pharmaceuticals industry, including for quantifying subvisible particles in solid and liquid formulations. Extracting information beyond particle size, such as classifying morphological subpopulations, requires some type of image analysis method. Suggested methods to classify particles have been based on pre-determined morphological features or use supervised training of convolutional neural networks to learn image representations in relation to ground truth labels. Complications arising from highly complex morphologies, unforeseen classes, and time-consuming preparation of ground truth labels, are some of the challenges faced by these methods. In this work, we evaluate the application of a self-supervised contrastive learning method in studying particle images from therapeutic solutions. Unlike with supervised training, this approach does not require ground truth labels and representations are learned by comparing particle images and their augmentations. This method provides a fast and easily implementable tool of coarse screening for morphological attribute assessment. Furthermore, our analysis shows that in cases with relatively balanced datasets, a small subset of an image dataset is sufficient to train a convolutional neural network encoder capable of extracting useful image representations. It is also demonstrated that particle classes typically observed in protein solutions administered by pre-filled syringes emerge as separated clusters in the encoder's embedding space, facilitating performing tasks such as training weakly-supervised classifiers or identifying the presence of new subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Salami
- Analytical Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E. Lincoln Ave., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA
| | - Shubing Wang
- Department of Biometrics Research, Merck & Co., Inc., Kenilworth, NJ, USA
| | - Daniel Skomski
- Analytical Research and Development, Merck & Co., Inc., 126 E. Lincoln Ave., Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
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11
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Poozesh S, Cannavò F, Manikwar P. Sensitivity and Uncertainty Analysis of Micro-Flow Imaging for Sub-Visible Particle Measurements Using Artificial Neural Network. Pharm Res 2023; 40:721-733. [PMID: 36697932 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-023-03474-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE During biopharmaceutical drug manufacturing, storage, and distribution, proteins in both liquid and solid dosage forms go through various processes that could lead to protein aggregation. The extent of aggregation in the sub-micron range can be measured by analyzing a liquid or post-reconstituted powder sample using Micro-Flow Imaging (MFI) technique. MFI is widely used in biopharmaceutical industries due to its high sensitivity in detecting and analyzing particle size distribution. However, the MFI's sensitivity to various factors makes accurate measurement challenging. Therefore, in light of the inherent variability of the method, this work aims to explore the capabilities of an adopted coupled sensitivity analysis and machine learning algorithm to quantify the influencing factors on the formed sub-visible particles and method variability. METHODS The proposed algorithm consists of two interconnected components, namely a surrogate model with a neural network and a sensitivity analyzer. A machine learning tool based on artificial neural networks (ANN) is constructed with MFI data. The best fit with an optimized configuration is found. Sensitivity and uncertainty analysis is performed using this network as the surrogate model to understand the impacts of input parameters on MFI data. RESULTS Results reveal the most impactful reconstitution preparation factors and others that are masked by the instrument variabilities. It is shown that instrument inaccuracy is a function of size category, with higher variabilities associated with larger size ranges. CONCLUSION Utilizing this tool while assessing the sensitivity of outputs to various parameters, measurement variabilities for analytical characterization tests can be quantified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadegh Poozesh
- Dosage Form Design and Development, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca , Gaithersburg, MD, USA.
| | - Flavio Cannavò
- Istituto Nazionale Di Geofisica E Vulcanologia, Sezione Di Catania-Osservatorio Etneo, Piazza Roma, 2-95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Prakash Manikwar
- Dosage Form Design and Development, BioPharmaceuticals Development, R&D, AstraZeneca , Gaithersburg, MD, USA
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12
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Roache-Johnson KH, Stephens NR. FlowCam 8400 and FlowCam Cyano Phytoplankton Classification and Viability Staining by Imaging Flow Cytometry. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2635:219-244. [PMID: 37074666 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3020-4_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
This chapter provides a protocol for a detailed evaluation of phytoplankton and nuisance cyanobacteria with the FlowCam 8400 and the FlowCam Cyano. The chapter includes (i) detailed description of the quality control of fluorescent mode of the FlowCam, (ii) detailing methods for discriminating nuisance cyanobacteria using the FlowCam Cyano, how to set up libraries and classification routines for commonly used classification reports, and (iii) detailing methods for viability staining to quantify LIVE versus DEAD phytoplankton using the FlowCam 8400.
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13
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Nishiumi H, Deiringer N, Krause N, Yoneda S, Torisu T, Menzen T, Friess W, Uchiyama S. Utility of Three Flow Imaging Microscopy Instruments for Image Analysis in Evaluating four Types of Subvisible Particle in Biopharmaceuticals. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:3017-3028. [PMID: 35948157 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Subvisible particles (SVPs) are a critical quality attribute of parenteral and ophthalmic products. United States Pharmacopeia recommends the characterizations of SVPs which are classified into intrinsic, extrinsic, and inherent particles. Flow imaging microscopy (FIM) is useful as an orthogonal method in both the quantification and classification of SVPs because FIM instruments provide particle images. In addition to the conventionally used FlowCam (Yokogawa Fluid Imaging Technologies) and Micro-Flow Imaging (Bio-Techne) instruments, the iSpect DIA-10 (Shimadzu) instrument has recently been released. The three instruments have similar detection principles but different optical settings and image processing, which may lead to different results of the quantification and classification of SVPs based on the information from particle images. The present study compares four types of SVP (protein aggregates, silicone oil droplets, and surrogates for solid free-fatty-acid particles, milled-lipid particles, and sprayed-lipid particles) to compare the results of size distributions and classification abilities obtained using morphological features and a deep-learning approach. Although the three FIM instruments were effective in classifying the four types of SVP through convolutional neural network analysis, there was no agreement on the size distribution for the same protein aggregate solution, suggesting that using the classifiers of the FIM instruments could result in different evaluations of SVPs in the field of biopharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruka Nishiumi
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Natalie Deiringer
- Department of Pharmacy; Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Nils Krause
- Coriolis Pharma Research GmbH, Fraunhoferstr. 18 b, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Saki Yoneda
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Torisu
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tim Menzen
- Coriolis Pharma Research GmbH, Fraunhoferstr. 18 b, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Friess
- Department of Pharmacy; Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Munich, Germany
| | - Susumu Uchiyama
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan; U-medico Inc., 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan.
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14
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Shibata H, Terabe M, Shibano Y, Saitoh S, Takasugi T, Hayashi Y, Okabe S, Yamaguchi Y, Yasukawa H, Suetomo H, Miyanabe K, Ohbayashi N, Akimaru M, Saito S, Ito D, Nakano A, Kojima S, Miyahara Y, Sasaki K, Maruno T, Noda M, Kiyoshi M, Harazono A, Torisu T, Uchiyama S, Ishii-Watabe A. A Collaborative Study on the Classification of Silicone Oil Droplets and Protein Particles Using Flow Imaging Method. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:2745-2757. [PMID: 35839866 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we conducted a collaborative study on the classification between silicone oil droplets and protein particles detected using the flow imaging (FI) method toward proposing a standardized classifier/model. We compared four approaches, including a classification filter composed of particle characteristic parameters, principal component analysis, decision tree, and convolutional neural network in the performance of the developed classifier/model. Finally, the points to be considered were summarized for measurement using the FI method, and for establishing the classifier/model using machine learning to differentiate silicone oil droplets and protein particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Shibata
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan.
| | - Masahiro Terabe
- Pharmaceutical Technology Division, Analytical Development Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., 5-1 Ukima, 5-chome, Kita-ku, Tokyo 115-8543 Japan
| | - Yuriko Shibano
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Satoshi Saitoh
- Pharmaceutical Technology Division, Analytical Development Department, Chugai Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd., 5-1 Ukima, 5-chome, Kita-ku, Tokyo 115-8543 Japan
| | - Tomohiro Takasugi
- Analytical Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Technology, Astellas Pharma. Inc., 5-2-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 300-2698, Japan
| | - Yu Hayashi
- Analytical Research Laboratories, Pharmaceutical Technology, Astellas Pharma. Inc., 5-2-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 300-2698, Japan
| | - Shinji Okabe
- Research Division, CMC Development Research, Formulation Research Unit, Formulation Development, JCR Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., 2-2-9 Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2241, Japan
| | - Yuka Yamaguchi
- Research Division, CMC Development Research, Formulation Research Unit, Formulation Development, JCR Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., 2-2-9 Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2241, Japan
| | - Hidehito Yasukawa
- Research Division, CMC Development Research, Formulation Research Unit, Formulation Development, JCR Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., 2-2-9 Murotani, Nishi-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-2241, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suetomo
- Bio Process Research and Development Laboratories, Production Division, Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., 100-1, Hagiwara-machi, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0013, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Miyanabe
- CMC Regulatory and Analytical R&D., Ono Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., 1-1, Sakurai 3-chome, Shimamoto-cho, Mishima-gun, Osaka, 618-8585, Japan
| | - Naomi Ohbayashi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Formulation Research Lab., Meiji Seika Pharma Co., Ltd., 788 Kayama, Odawara, Kanagawa, 250-0852, Japan
| | - Michiko Akimaru
- Analytical & Quality Evaluation Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-12-1, Shinomiya, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 254-0014, Japan
| | - Shuntaro Saito
- Analytical & Quality Evaluation Research Laboratories, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd., 1-12-1, Shinomiya, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa, 254-0014, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ito
- Japan Blood Products Organization, 1007-31 Izumisawa, Chitose, Hokkaido, 066-8610, Japan
| | - Atsushi Nakano
- Japan Blood Products Organization, 1007-31 Izumisawa, Chitose, Hokkaido, 066-8610, Japan
| | - Shota Kojima
- Pharmaceutical Laboratory, Mochida Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. 342 Gensuke, Fujieda, Shizuoka, 426-8640, Japan
| | - Yuya Miyahara
- CMC Modality Technology Laboratories, Production Technology & Supply Chain Management Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 7473-2, Onoda, Sanyoonoda-shi, Yamaguchi, 756-0054 Japan
| | - Kenji Sasaki
- CMC Modality Technology Laboratories, Production Technology & Supply Chain Management Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 7473-2, Onoda, Sanyoonoda-shi, Yamaguchi, 756-0054 Japan
| | | | - Masanori Noda
- U-Medico Inc., 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masato Kiyoshi
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Akira Harazono
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Torisu
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Susumu Uchiyama
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Akiko Ishii-Watabe
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
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15
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Kim NA, Noh GY, Hada S, Na KJ, Yoon HJ, Park KW, Park YM, Jeong SH. Enhanced protein aggregation suppressor activity of N-acetyl-l-arginine for agitation-induced aggregation with silicone oil and its impact on innate immune responses. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 216:42-51. [PMID: 35779650 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.06.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Previously, N-acetyl-l-arginine (NALA) suppressed the aggregation of intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIG) more effectively and with a minimum decrease in transition temperature (Tm) than arginine monohydrochloride. In this study, we performed a comparative study with etanercept (commercial product: Enbrel®), where 25 mM arginine monohydrochloride (arginine) was added to the prefilled syringe. The biophysical properties were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic light scattering (DLS), size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), and flow-imaging microscopy (FI). NALA retained the transition temperature of etanercept better than arginine, where arginine significantly reduced the Tm by increasing its concentration. End-over-end rotation was applied to each formulation for 5 days to accelerate protein aggregation and subvisible particle formation. Higher monomeric content was retained with NALA with a decrease in particle level. Higher aggregation onset temperature (Tagg) was detected for etanercept with NALA than arginine. The results of this comparative study were consistent with previous study, suggesting that NALA could be a better excipient for liquid protein formulations. Agitated IVIG and etanercept were injected into C57BL/6 J female mice to observe immunogenic response after 24 h. In the presence of silicone oil, NALA dramatically reduced IL-1 expression, implying that decreased aggregation was related to reduced immunogenicity of both etanercept and IVIG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Ah Kim
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea; College of Pharmacy, Mokpo National University, Jeonnam 58554, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ga Yeon Noh
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Shavron Hada
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Jun Na
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Jung Yoon
- Division of Health and Kinesiology, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Woong Park
- Division of Health and Kinesiology, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.
| | - Young-Min Park
- Division of Health and Kinesiology, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea.
| | - Seong Hoon Jeong
- BK21 FOUR Team and Integrated Research Institute for Drug Development, College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Cavicchi RE, Philips LA, Cheong FC, Ruffner DB, Kasimbeg P, Vreeland W. Distribution of Average Aggregate Density from Stir-stressed NISTmAb Protein. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:1614-1624. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Jing ZY, Huo GL, Sun MF, Shen BB, Fang WJ. Characterization of Grinding-Induced Subvisible Particles and Free Radicals in a Freeze-Dried Monoclonal Antibody Formulation. Pharm Res 2022; 39:399-410. [PMID: 35083639 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-022-03170-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSES The primary objectives of this study were to investigate the degradation mechanisms of freeze-dried monoclonal antibody (mAb) formulations under mechanical grinding, assess the sensitivity and suitability of various particle analysis techniques, analyze the structure of the collected subvisible particles (SbVPs), and analyze the antioxidant mechanism of methionine (Met) under degradation process to gain a thorough understanding of the phenomenon. METHODS The freeze-dried mAb-X formulations underwent grinding, and the resultant SbVPs were characterized through visual inspection, flow imaging microscopy, dynamic light scattering, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and size-exclusion high-performance liquid chromatography. We further evaluated the effect of different temperatures and the free radical scavenger Met on SbVP formation. The produced free radicals were detected using electron paramagnetic resonance, and Met S-oxide formation was detected using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. In addition, we analyzed the obtained SbVPs using capillary electrophoresis sodium dodecyl sulfate and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. RESULTS Grinding leads to SbVP formation under high temperature and free radical formation. Free radicals produced during grinding require the participation of a macromolecule. Met could then bind to the produced free radicals, thus partially protecting mAb-X from degradation while itself undergoing oxidation to form Met(O). Sensitivity differences between different particle analysis techniques were evaluated, and the obtained SbVPs showed significant changes in secondary structure and the formation of covalent aggregates and fragments. CONCLUSIONS Met plays the role of an antioxidant in protecting macromolecules by quenching the free radicals produced during grinding. To thoroughly characterize SbVPs, multiple and orthogonal particle analysis techniques should be used, and if necessary, SbVPs should be processed by enrichment to accurately analyze primary and high order structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Yi Jing
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Guo-Li Huo
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Min-Fei Sun
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Bin-Bin Shen
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.,Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China
| | - Wei-Jie Fang
- Institute of Drug Metabolism and Pharmaceutical Analysis, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China. .,Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310016, China.
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18
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Testing Precision Limits of Neural Network-Based Quality Control Metrics in High-Throughput Digital Microscopy. Pharm Res 2022; 39:263-279. [DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-03130-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Linkuvienė V, Ross EL, Crawford L, Weiser SE, Man D, Kay S, Kolhe P, Carpenter JF. Effects of transportation of IV bags containing protein formulations via hospital pneumatic tube system: Particle characterization by multiple methods. J Pharm Sci 2022; 111:1024-1039. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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20
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Particles in Biopharmaceutical Formulations, Part 2: An Update on Analytical Techniques and Applications for Therapeutic Proteins, Viruses, Vaccines and Cells. J Pharm Sci 2021; 111:933-950. [PMID: 34919969 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Particles in biopharmaceutical formulations remain a hot topic in drug product development. With new product classes emerging it is crucial to discriminate particulate active pharmaceutical ingredients from particulate impurities. Technical improvements, new analytical developments and emerging tools (e.g., machine learning tools) increase the amount of information generated for particles. For a proper interpretation and judgment of the generated data a thorough understanding of the measurement principle, suitable application fields and potential limitations and pitfalls is required. Our review provides a comprehensive overview of novel particle analysis techniques emerging in the last decade for particulate impurities in therapeutic protein formulations (protein-related, excipient-related and primary packaging material-related), as well as particulate biopharmaceutical formulations (virus particles, virus-like particles, lipid nanoparticles and cell-based medicinal products). In addition, we review the literature on applications, describe specific analytical approaches and illustrate advantages and drawbacks of currently available techniques for particulate biopharmaceutical formulations.
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21
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Shibata H, Harazono A, Kiyoshi M, Ishii-Watabe A. Quantitative Evaluation of Insoluble Particulate Matters in Therapeutic Protein Injections Using Light Obscuration and Flow Imaging Methods. J Pharm Sci 2021; 111:648-654. [PMID: 34619153 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Flow imaging (FI) has emerged as a powerful tool to evaluate insoluble particles derived from protein aggregates as an orthogonal method to light obscuration (LO). However, few reports directly compare the FI and LO method in the size and number of protein particles in commercially available therapeutic protein injections. In this study, we measured the number of insoluble particles in several therapeutic protein injections using both FI and LO, and characterized these particles to compare the analytical performance of the methods. The particle counts measured using FI were much higher than those measured using LO, and the difference depended on the products or features of particles. Some products contained a large number of transparent and elongated particles, which could escape detection using LO. Our results also suggested that the LO method underestimates the size and number of silicone oil droplets in prefilled syringe products compared to the FI method. The count of particles ≥10 μm in size in one product measured using FI exceeded the criteria (6000 counts per container) defined in the compendial particulate matter test using the LO method. Thus precaution should be taken when setting the acceptance criteria of specification tests using the FI method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroko Shibata
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tonomachi 3-25-26, Kawasaki-ku, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan.
| | - Akira Harazono
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tonomachi 3-25-26, Kawasaki-ku, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Masato Kiyoshi
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tonomachi 3-25-26, Kawasaki-ku, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Akiko Ishii-Watabe
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tonomachi 3-25-26, Kawasaki-ku, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
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22
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Guo S, Yu C, Guo X, Jia Z, Yu X, Yang Y, Guo L, Wang L. Subvisible Particle Analysis of 17 Monoclonal Antibodies Approved in China Using Flow Imaging and Light Obscuration. J Pharm Sci 2021; 111:1164-1171. [PMID: 34551350 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In the study, subvisible particles in 205 samples from 17 commercial mAb drug products approved in China were analyzed using light obscuration (LO) and flow imaging microscopy (FIM) methods. For each method, a total 633 tests (runs) were performed. In the tests, samples in state of lyophilized powder or syringe package had significantly higher particle concentrations. It was confirmed by analyzing the 205 drug product samples that FIM particle counts are generally higher than LO counts. The cause of the higher counts of FIM method than LO counts was examined by looking into the contribution of proteinaceous, translucent particles in the samples. The data of the study showed that the number of proteinaceous, translucent particles was a factor in the elevated counts of FIM method compared to LO method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Guo
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31, Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Chuanfei Yu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31, Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Xiao Guo
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31, Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Zhe Jia
- School of Pharmacy, Yantai University, No. 30, Qingquan Road, Yantai 264005, China
| | - Xiaojuan Yu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31, Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Yalan Yang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31, Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Luyun Guo
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31, Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Lan Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Health for Research on Quality and Standardization of Biotech Products, National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31, Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing 102629, China.
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Off-label use of plastic syringes with silicone oil for intravenous infusion bags of antibodies. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2021; 166:205-215. [PMID: 34237379 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The formation of particulates in post-manufacture biopharmaceuticals continues to be a major concern in medical treatment. This study was designed to evaluate the content of micro-sized particles using flow imaging of antibodies in intravenous infusion bags. Intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) and Avastin® were selected as model drugs and plastic syringes with and without silicone oil (SO) were used to transfer the drugs into the bags (0.9% saline or 5% dextrose). Antibodies exposed to SO had significantly increased levels of microparticles in both diluents, suggesting SO accelerates particle formation, especially at a higher antibody concentration. Even before the drop stress, their count exceeded the USP guideline. Dropping the bags in the presence of SO produced larger microparticles. Meanwhile, air bubbles were retained longer in saline suggesting more protein film formation on its air-water interface. Overall, both drugs were conformationally stable and produced less particles in dextrose than in saline.
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24
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Kim NA, Yu HW, Noh GY, Park SK, Kang W, Jeong SH. Protein microbeadification to achieve highly concentrated protein formulation with reversible properties and in vivo pharmacokinetics after reconstitution. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 185:935-948. [PMID: 34237365 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A protein precipitation technique was optimized to produce biophysically stable 'protein microbeads', applicable to highly concentrated protein formulation. Initially, production of BSA microbeads was performed using rapid dehydration by vortexing in organic solvents followed by cold ethanol treatment and a vacuum drying. Out of four solvents, n-octanol produced the most reversible microbeads upon reconstitution. A Shirasu porous glass (SPG) membrane emulsification technique was utilized to enhance the size distribution and manufacturing process of the protein microbeads with a marketized human IgG solution. Process variants such as dehydration time, temperature, excipients, drying conditions, and initial protein concentration were evaluated in terms of the quality of IgG microbeads and their reversibility. The hydrophobized SPG membrane produced a narrow size distribution of the microbeads, which were further enhanced by shorter dehydration time, low temperature, minimized the residual solvents, lower initial protein concentration, and addition of trehalose to the IgG solution. Final reversibility of the IgG microbeads with trehalose was over 99% at both low and high protein concentrations. Moreover, the formulation was highly stable under repeated mechanical shocks and at an elevated temperature compared to its liquid state. Its in vivo pharmacokinetic profiles in rats were consistent before and after the 'microbeadification'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Ah Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Gyeonggi 13026, Republic of Korea.
| | - Hyun Woo Yu
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Gyeonggi 13026, Republic of Korea
| | - Ga Yeon Noh
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Gyeonggi 13026, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Koo Park
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Gyeonggi 13026, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonku Kang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Hoon Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Gyeonggi 13026, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Kim NA, Kar S, Li Z, Das TK, Carpenter JF. Mimicking Low pH Virus Inactivation Used in Antibody Manufacturing Processes: Effect of Processing Conditions and Biophysical Properties on Antibody Aggregation and Particle Formation. J Pharm Sci 2021; 110:3188-3199. [PMID: 34090901 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Low pH virus inactivation (VI) step is routinely used in antibody production manufacturing. In this work, a mimic of the VI step was developed to focus on evaluating adverse effects on product quality. A commercially available lab-scale glass reactor system was utilized to assess impacts of process and solution conditions on process-induced monoclonal antibody particle formation. Flow imaging was found to be more sensitive than light obscuration in detecting microparticles. NaOH as a base titrant increased protein microparticles more than Tris. Both stirring and NaCl accelerated particle formation, indicating that interfacial stress and protein colloidal stability were important factors. Polysorbate 80 was effective at suppressing particle formation induced by stirring. In contrast, trehalose led to higher microparticle levels suggesting a conformational stabilizer may have other adverse effects during titration with stirring. Additionally, conformational and colloidal stability of antibodies were characterized to investigate the potential roles of antibody physicochemical properties in microparticle formation during VI. The stability data were supportive in rationalizing particle formation behaviors, but they were not predictive of particle formation during the mimicked viral inactivation steps. Overall, the results demonstrate the value of testing various solution and processing conditions in a scaled-down system prior to larger-scale VI bioprocesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Ah Kim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora 80045, CO, USA; College of Pharmacy, Dongguk University-Seoul, Gyeonggi 10326, Republic of Korea
| | - Sambit Kar
- Analytical Development and Attribute Sciences, Biologics Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, USA
| | - Zhengjian Li
- Analytical Development and Attribute Sciences, Biologics Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, USA
| | - Tapan K Das
- Analytical Development and Attribute Sciences, Biologics Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, USA
| | - John F Carpenter
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado, Aurora 80045, CO, USA.
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26
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Chen XG, Graužinytė M, van der Vaart AW, Boll B. Applying Pattern Recognition as a Robust Approach for Silicone Oil Droplet Identification in Flow-Microscopy Images of Protein Formulations. J Pharm Sci 2020; 110:1643-1651. [PMID: 33122049 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.10.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Discrimination between potentially immunogenic protein aggregates and harmless pharmaceutical components, like silicone oil, is critical for drug development. Flow imaging techniques allow to measure and, in principle, classify subvisible particles in protein therapeutics. However, automated approaches for silicone oil discrimination are still lacking robustness in terms of accuracy and transferability. In this work, we present an image-based filter that can reliably identify silicone oil particles in protein therapeutics across a wide range of parenteral products. A two-step classification approach is designed for automated silicone oil droplet discrimination, based on particle images generated with a flow imaging instrument. Distinct from previously published methods, our novel image-based filter is trained using silicone oil droplet images only and is, thus, independent of the type of protein samples imaged. Benchmarked against alternative approaches, the proposed filter showed best overall performance in categorizing silicone oil and non-oil particles taken from a variety of protein solutions. Excellent accuracy was observed particularly for higher resolution images. The image-based filter can successfully distinguish silicone oil particles with high accuracy in protein solutions not used for creating the filter, showcasing its high transferability and potential for wide applicability in biopharmaceutical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Gregory Chen
- Analytical Science and Technology, Quality, Novartis Pharma AG, 4002 Basel, Switzerland; Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9512, 2300, RA, Leiden, The Netherlands.
| | - Miglė Graužinytė
- Biologics Technical Development, Novartis Pharma AG, 4002 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Aad W van der Vaart
- Mathematical Institute, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9512, 2300, RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Björn Boll
- Biologics Technical Development, Novartis Pharma AG, 4002 Basel, Switzerland.
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27
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Kim NA, Kim DJ, Jeong SH. Do not flick or drop off-label use plastic syringes in handling therapeutic proteins before administration. Int J Pharm 2020; 587:119704. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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28
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A Review on Mixing-Induced Protein Particle Formation: The Puzzle of Bottom-Mounted Mixers. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:2363-2374. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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29
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Effects of Tubing Type, Operating Parameters, and Surfactants on Particle Formation During Peristaltic Filling Pump Processing of a mAb Formulation. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:1439-1448. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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30
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Ishii-Watabe A, Shibata H, Suetomo H, Ikeda Y, Telikepalli S, Kiyoshi M, Hayashi Y, Muto T, Tanaka Y, Ueda S, Iwura T, Saitoh S, Aoyama M, Harazono A, Hyuga M, Goda Y, Torisu T, Uchiyama S. Recent Achievements and Current Interests in Research on the Characterization and Quality Control of Biopharmaceuticals in Japan. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:1652-1661. [PMID: 31927040 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2020.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
As reported in the previous commentary (Ishii-Watabe et al., J Pharm Sci 2017), the Japanese biopharmaceutical research group is promoting collaborative multilaboratory studies to evaluate and standardize new methodologies for biopharmaceutical characterization and quality control. We have conducted the studies and held 2 annual meetings in 2018 and 2019. At the 2018 meeting, Dr. Rukman DeSilva of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and Dr. Srivalli Telikepalli of the National Institute of Standards and Technology participated as guest speakers. At the 2019 meeting, we invited Prof. John Carpenter of the University of Colorado, Prof. Gerhard Winter and Prof. Wolfgang Friess of Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, and Dr. Tim Menzen of Coriolis Pharma Research, as guest commentators. In both meetings, the main research topic was strategies for the characterization and control of protein aggregates/subvisible particles in drug products. Specifically, the use of the light obscuration method for insoluble particulate matter testing with reduced injection volumes, and a comparison of analytical performance between flow imaging and light obscuration were discussed. Other topics addressed included host cell protein analysis, bioassay, and quality control strategies. In this commentary, the recent achievements of the research group, meeting discussions, and future perspectives are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Ishii-Watabe
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan.
| | - Hiroko Shibata
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suetomo
- Bio Process Research and Development Laboratories, Production Division, Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., 100-1, Hagiwara-machi, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0013, Japan
| | - Yosuke Ikeda
- Quality Development Department, Chugai Pharma Manufacturing Co., Ltd., 5-5-1, Ukima, Kita-ku, Tokyo 115-8543, Japan
| | | | - Masato Kiyoshi
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Yu Hayashi
- Biotechnology Labs, Astellas Pharma Inc., 5-2-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2698, Japan
| | - Takashi Muto
- Biotechnology Labs, Astellas Pharma Inc., 5-2-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2698, Japan
| | - Yukako Tanaka
- Biotechnology Labs, Astellas Pharma Inc., 5-2-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2698, Japan
| | - Satomi Ueda
- Biotechnology Labs, Astellas Pharma Inc., 5-2-3, Tokodai, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2698, Japan
| | - Takafumi Iwura
- Bio Process Research and Development Laboratories, Production Division, Kyowa Kirin Co., Ltd., 100-1, Hagiwara-machi, Takasaki, Gunma 370-0013, Japan
| | - Satoshi Saitoh
- Quality Development Department, Chugai Pharma Manufacturing Co., Ltd., 5-5-1, Ukima, Kita-ku, Tokyo 115-8543, Japan
| | - Michihiko Aoyama
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Akira Harazono
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Masashi Hyuga
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Goda
- National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa 210-9501, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Torisu
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Susumu Uchiyama
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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31
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Le Basle Y, Chennell P, Tokhadze N, Astier A, Sautou V. Physicochemical Stability of Monoclonal Antibodies: A Review. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:169-190. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2019] [Revised: 08/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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32
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Gambe-Gilbuena A, Shibano Y, Krayukhina E, Torisu T, Uchiyama S. Automatic Identification of the Stress Sources of Protein Aggregates Using Flow Imaging Microscopy Images. J Pharm Sci 2020; 109:614-623. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.10.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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33
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Arvinte T, Palais C, Poirier E, Cudd A, Rajendran S, Brokx S, Dowd J. Part 2: Physicochemical characterization of bevacizumab in 2 mg/mL antibody solutions as used in human i.v. administration: Comparison of originator with a biosimilar candidate. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 176:112802. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.112802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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34
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Tada M, Aoyama M, Ishii-Watabe A. Fcγ Receptor Activation by Human Monoclonal Antibody Aggregates. J Pharm Sci 2019; 109:576-583. [PMID: 31676270 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Protein aggregates are a potential risk factor for immunogenicity. The measurement, characterization, and control of protein aggregates in drug products are indispensable for the development of biopharmaceuticals, including therapeutic mAbs. In this study, Fcγ receptor (FcγR)-expressing reporter cell lines were used to analyze the FcγR-activation properties of mAb aggregates. Comparison of aggregates of mAbs harboring different IgG subclasses revealed that the FcγR-activation profiles of the mAb aggregates were dependent on IgG subclass. In addition, aggregates of Fc-engineered mAb with enhanced FcγR-activation properties exhibited stronger activation of FcγRs than was observed in the wild-type aggregates, whereas aggregates of Fc-engineered mAb with decreased FcγR-activation properties showed reduced activation. These results suggest that FcγR activation by mAb aggregates depends greatly on the Fc functions of the native (nonaggregated) mAbs. We also showed that aggregates of mAbs smaller than 1 μm in size have the potential to directly activate FcγRs. Unintended immune cell activation can be induced on account of FcγR activation by mAb aggregates and such FcγR activation may contribute to immunogenicity, and therefore, analysis of the FcγR-activation properties of mAb aggregates using FcγR-expressing reporter cell lines is a promising approach for the characterization of mAb aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minoru Tada
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan.
| | - Michihiko Aoyama
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Akiko Ishii-Watabe
- Division of Biological Chemistry and Biologicals, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, Japan
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35
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Mathaes R, Narhi L, Hawe A, Matter A, Bechtold-Peters K, Kenrick S, Kar S, Laskina O, Carpenter J, Cavicchi R, Koepf E, Lewis EN, De Silva R, Ripple D. Phase-Appropriate Application of Analytical Methods to Monitor Subvisible Particles Across the Biotherapeutic Drug Product Life Cycle. AAPS JOURNAL 2019; 22:1. [DOI: 10.1208/s12248-019-0384-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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36
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Cavicchi RE, Ripple DC. Improving Diameter Accuracy for Dynamic Imaging Microscopy for Different Particle Types. J Pharm Sci 2019; 109:488-495. [PMID: 31628920 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Dynamic imaging analysis instruments are used for sizing particles of different types that might appear in a biopharmaceutical. These instruments are calibrated using polystyrene latex microspheres in water, which is a significantly different system than the typical particles imaged in a formulation. We show how the instruments, when reporting an equivalent diameter, set a threshold for image processing and then apply a built-in correction to account for fuzzy boundary effects. We investigate the degree to which the threshold value and built-in correction influences the size, and ultimately particle size distribution, that the instrument reports on other particle types. Size corrections for a dynamic imaging system in a typical optical configuration were determined by comparison of equivalent image diameters with diameters from Brownian motion tracking of particles. A variety of particles were characterized: aggregates made from a monoclonal antibody available as reference material RM 8671 from the National Institute of Standards and Technology, bovine serum albumin aggregates, silicone oil droplets, polystyrene microspheres, and ethylene tetrafluoroethylene particles, a protein aggregate simulant (National Institute of Standards and Technology reference material RM 8634). The results show that the protein aggregates and ethylene tetrafluoroethylene are very similar to one another but quite different from the polystyrene calibration spheres. This points the way to developing new correction factors and calibration procedures based on particle type.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dean C Ripple
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899
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37
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Marvin L, Paiva W, Gill N, Morales MA, Halpern JM, Vesenka J, Balog ERM. Flow imaging microscopy as a novel tool for high-throughput evaluation of elastin-like polymer coacervates. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216406. [PMID: 31071134 PMCID: PMC6508725 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Biological and bioinspired polymer microparticles have broad biomedical and industrial applications, including drug delivery, tissue engineering, surface modification, environmental remediation, imaging, and sensing. Full realization of the potential of biopolymer microparticles will require methods for rigorous characterization of particle sizes, morphologies, and dynamics, so that researchers may correlate particle characteristics with synthesis methods and desired functions. Toward this end, we evaluated biopolymer microparticles using flow imaging microscopy. This technology is widely used in the biopharmaceutical industry but is not yet well-known among the materials community. Our polymer, a genetically engineered elastin-like polypeptide (ELP), self-assembles into micron-scale coacervates. We performed flow imaging of ELP coacervates using two different instruments, one with a lower size limit of approximately 2 microns, the other with a lower size limit of approximately 300 nanometers. We validated flow imaging results by comparison with dynamic light scattering and atomic force microscopy analyses. We explored the effects of various solvent conditions on ELP coacervate size, morphology, and behavior, such as the dispersion of single particles versus aggregates. We found that flow imaging is a superior tool for rapid and thorough particle analysis of ELP coacervates in solution. We anticipate that researchers studying many types of microscale protein or polymer assemblies will be interested in flow imaging as a tool for quantitative, solution-based characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marvin
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine, United States of America
| | - Wynter Paiva
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine, United States of America
| | - Nicole Gill
- Fluid Imaging Technologies, Inc., Scarborough, Maine, United States of America
| | - Marissa A. Morales
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - Jeffrey Mark Halpern
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire, United States of America
| | - James Vesenka
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine, United States of America
| | - Eva Rose M. Balog
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, University of New England, Biddeford, Maine, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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