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Conway GE, Paranjape AN, Chen X, Villanueva FS. Development of an In Vitro Model to Study Mechanisms of Ultrasound-Targeted Microbubble Cavitation-Mediated Blood-Brain Barrier Opening. ULTRASOUND IN MEDICINE & BIOLOGY 2024; 50:425-433. [PMID: 38158246 PMCID: PMC10843834 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultrasmedbio.2023.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ultrasound-targeted microbubble cavitation (UTMC)-mediated blood-brain barrier (BBB) opening is being explored as a method to increase drug delivery to the brain. This strategy has progressed to clinical trials for various neurological disorders, but the underlying cellular mechanisms are incompletely understood. In the study described here, a contact co-culture transwell model of the BBB was developed that can be used to determine the signaling cascade leading to increased BBB permeability. METHODS This BBB model consists of bEnd.3 cells and C8-D1A astrocytes seeded on opposite sides of a transwell membrane. Pulsed ultrasound (US) is applied to lipid microbubbles (MBs), and the change in barrier permeability is measured via transendothelial electrical resistance and dextran flux. Live cell calcium imaging (Fluo-4 AM) is performed during UTMC treatment. RESULTS This model exhibits important features of the BBB, including endothelial tight junctions, and is more restrictive than the endothelial cell (EC) monolayer alone. When US is applied to MBs in contact with the ECs, BBB permeability increases in this model by two mechanisms: UTMC induces pore formation in the EC membrane (sonoporation), leading to increased transcellular permeability, and UTMC causes formation of reversible inter-endothelial gaps, which increases paracellular permeability. Additionally, this study determines that calcium influx into ECs mediates the increase in BBB permeability after UTMC in this model. CONCLUSION Both transcellular and paracellular permeability can be used to increase drug delivery to the brain. Future studies can use this model to determine how UTMC-induced calcium-mediated signaling increases BBB permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace E Conway
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Medical Scientist Training Program, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Anurag N Paranjape
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xucai Chen
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Flordeliza S Villanueva
- Center for Ultrasound Molecular Imaging and Therapeutics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Pittsburgh Heart, Lung, Blood, and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA; Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
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Hagiwara F, Omata D, Munakata L, Kageyama S, Maruyama K, Kudo N, Suzuki R. Brain Delivery of Cisplatin Using Microbubbles in Combination with Ultrasound as an Effective Therapy for Glioblastoma. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1599. [PMID: 38004464 PMCID: PMC10675703 DOI: 10.3390/ph16111599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is a highly invasive and fatal disease. Temozolomide, a blood-brain barrier (BBB)-penetrant therapeutic agent currently used for glioblastoma, does not exhibit sufficient therapeutic effect. Cisplatin (CDDP), a versatile anticancer drug, is not considered a therapeutic option for glioblastoma due to its low BBB permeability. We previously investigated the utility of microbubbles (MBs) in combination with ultrasound (US) in promoting BBB permeability and reported the efficacy of drug delivery to the brain using a minimally invasive approach. This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of CDDP delivery to the brain using the combination of MBs and US for the treatment of glioblastoma. We used mice that were implanted with glioma-261 GFP-Luc cells expressing luciferase as the glioblastoma model. In this model, after tumor inoculation, the BBB opening was induced using MBs and US, and CDDP was simultaneously administered. We found that the CDDP concentrations were higher at the glioblastoma site where the US was applied, although CDDP normally cannot pass through the BBB. Furthermore, the survival was longer in mice treated with CDDP delivered via MBs and US than in those treated with CDDP alone or those that were left untreated. These results suggest that the combination of MBs and US is an effective antitumor drug delivery system based on BBB opening in glioblastoma therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumiko Hagiwara
- Laboratory of Drug and Gene Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutics & Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Showa Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo 194-8543, Japan
| | - Daiki Omata
- Laboratory of Drug and Gene Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Lisa Munakata
- Laboratory of Drug and Gene Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Saori Kageyama
- Laboratory of Theranostics, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
| | - Kazuo Maruyama
- Laboratory of Theranostics, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
- Advanced Comprehensive Research Organization (ACRO), Teikyo University, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
| | - Nobuki Kudo
- Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0814, Japan
| | - Ryo Suzuki
- Laboratory of Drug and Gene Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, Tokyo 173-8605, Japan
- Advanced Comprehensive Research Organization (ACRO), Teikyo University, Tokyo 173-0003, Japan
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Kida H, Yamasaki Y, Feril Jr. LB, Endo H, Itaka K, Tachibana K. Efficient mRNA Delivery with Lyophilized Human Serum Albumin-Based Nanobubbles. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1283. [PMID: 37049376 PMCID: PMC10097217 DOI: 10.3390/nano13071283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we developed an efficient mRNA delivery vehicle by optimizing a lyophilization method for preserving human serum albumin-based nanobubbles (HSA-NBs), bypassing the need for artificial stabilizers. The morphology of the lyophilized material was verified using scanning electron microscopy, and the concentration, size, and mass of regenerated HSA-NBs were verified using flow cytometry, nanoparticle tracking analysis, and resonance mass measurements, and compared to those before lyophilization. The study also evaluated the response of HSA-NBs to 1 MHz ultrasound irradiation and their ultrasound (US) contrast effect. The functionality of the regenerated HSA-NBs was confirmed by an increased expression of intracellularly transferred Gluc mRNA, with increasing intensity of US irradiation. The results indicated that HSA-NBs retained their structural and functional integrity markedly, post-lyophilization. These findings support the potential of lyophilized HSA-NBs, as efficient imaging, and drug delivery systems for various medical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Kida
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Yutaro Yamasaki
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Loreto B. Feril Jr.
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Hitomi Endo
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
| | - Keiji Itaka
- Department of Biofunction Research, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), 2-3-10 Kanda-Surugadai, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
| | - Katsuro Tachibana
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka 814-0180, Japan
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Drzał A, Delalande A, Dziurman G, Fournié M, Pichon C, Elas M. Increasing oxygen tension in tumor tissue using ultrasound sensitive O 2 microbubbles. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:567-578. [PMID: 36356713 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Low tissue oxygenation significantly impairs the effectiveness of cancer therapy and promotes a more aggressive phenotype. Many strategies to improve tissue oxygenation have been proposed throughout the years, but only a few showed significant effects in clinical settings. We investigated stability and ultrasound pulse (UP) triggered oxygen release from phospholipid coated oxygen microbubbles (OMB) in vitro and in murine tumors in vivo using EPR oximetry. In solution, the investigated microbubbles are stable and responsive to ultrasound pulse. The addition of the OMB solution alone resulted in an increase in pO2 of approximately 70 mmHg which was further increased for an additional 80 mmHg after the application of UP. The in vivo kinetic study revealed a substantial, up to 120 mmHg, increase in tumor pO2 after UP application and then pO2 was decreasing for 20 min for intravenous injection and 15 min for intratumoral injection. A significant increase was also observed in groups that received microbubbles filled with nitrogen and ultrasound pulse and OMB without UP, but the effect was much lower. Oxygen microbubbles lead to a decrease in HIF-1a and VEGF-A both at the level of mRNA and protein. Toxicity analysis showed that intravenous injection of OMB does not cause oxidative damage to the heart, liver, or kidneys. However, elevated levels of oxidative damage to lipids and proteins were observed short-term in tumor tissue. In conclusion, we have demonstrated the feasibility of oxygen microbubbles in delivering oxygen effectively and safely to the tumor in living animals. Such treatment might enhance the effectiveness of other anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Drzał
- Jagiellonian University, Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anthony Delalande
- University of Orleans, 45067, Orleans, France; Center for Molecular Biophysics, CNRS Orleans, 45071, Orleans, France
| | - Gabriela Dziurman
- Jagiellonian University, Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Kraków, Poland
| | - Mylene Fournié
- University of Orleans, 45067, Orleans, France; Center for Molecular Biophysics, CNRS Orleans, 45071, Orleans, France
| | - Chantal Pichon
- University of Orleans, 45067, Orleans, France; Institut Universitaire de France, 75231, Paris, France; Center for Molecular Biophysics, CNRS Orleans, 45071, Orleans, France
| | - Martyna Elas
- Jagiellonian University, Department of Biophysics and Cancer Biology, Kraków, Poland.
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Bi Y, Jing Y, Guo L. Construction and validation of a prognostic marker and risk model for HCC ultrasound therapy combined with WGCNA identification. Front Genet 2022; 13:1017551. [PMID: 36263426 PMCID: PMC9573990 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1017551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a malignant tumor with a highly aggressive and metastatic nature. Ultrasound remains a routine monitoring tool for screening, treatment and post-treatment recheck of HCC. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the role of ultrasound therapy and related genes in prognosis prediction and clinical diagnosis and treatment of HCC. Methods: Gene co-expression networks were developed utilizing the R package WGCNA as per the expression profiles and clinical features of TCGA HCC samples, key modules were identified by the correlation coefficients between clinical features and modules, and hub genes of modules were determined as per the GS and MM values. Ultrasound treatment differential expression genes were identified using R package limma, and univariate Cox analysis was conducted on the intersection genes of ultrasound differential expression genes and hub genes of key HCC modules to screen the signatures linked with HCC prognosis and construct a risk model. The median risk score was used as the threshold point to classify tumor samples into high- and low-risk groups, and the R package IOBR was used to assess the proportion of immune cells in high- and low-risk groups, R package maftools to assess the genomic mutation differences in high- and low-risk groups, R package GSVA’s ssgsea algorithm to assess the HALLMARK pathway enrichment analysis, and R package pRRophetic to analyze drug sensitivity in patients with HCC. Results: WGCNA analysis based on the expression profiles and clinical data of the TCGA LIHC cohort identified three key modules with two major clinical features associated with HCC. The intersection of ultrasound-related differential genes and module hub genes was selected for univariate Cox analysis to identify prognostic factors significantly associated with HCC, and a risk score model consisting of six signatures was finally developed to analyze the prognosis of individuals with HCC. The risk model showed strength in the training set, overall set, and external validation set. The percentage of immune cell infiltration, genomic mutations, pathway enrichment scores, and chemotherapy drug resistance were significantly different between high- and low-risk groups according to the risk scores. Expression of model genes correlated with tumor immune microenvironment and clinical tumor characteristics while generally differentially expressed in pan-cancer tumor and healthy samples. In the immunotherapy dataset, patients in the high-risk group had a worse prognosis with immunotherapy, indicating that subjects in the low-risk group are more responsive to immunotherapy. Conclusion: The 6-gene signature constructed by ultrasound treatment of HCC combined with WGCNA analysis can be used for prognosis prediction of HCC patients and may become a marker for immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlong Bi
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Yu Jing
- Department of Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Lingling Guo
- Department of Ultrasound, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Lingling Guo,
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Omata D, Munakata L, Maruyama K, Suzuki R. Ultrasound and microbubble-mediated drug delivery and immunotherapy. J Med Ultrason (2001) 2022:10.1007/s10396-022-01201-x. [PMID: 35403931 DOI: 10.1007/s10396-022-01201-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound induces the oscillation and collapse of microbubbles such as those of an ultrasound contrast agent, where these behaviors generate mechanical and thermal effects on cells and tissues. These, in turn, induce biological responses in cells and tissues, such as cellular signaling, endocytosis, or cell death. These physiological effects have been used for therapeutic purposes. Most pharmaceutical agents need to pass through the blood vessel walls and reach the parenchyma cells to produce therapeutic effects in drug delivery. Therefore, the blood vessel walls act as an obstacle to drug delivery. The combination of ultrasound and microbubbles is a promising strategy to enhance vascular permeability, improving drug transport from blood to tissues. This combination has also been applied to gene and protein delivery, such as cytokines and antigens for immunotherapy. Immunotherapy, in particular, is an attractive technique for cancer treatment as it induces a cancer cell-specific response. However, sufficient anti-tumor effects have not been achieved with the conventional cancer immunotherapy. Recently, new therapies based on immunomodulation with immune checkpoint inhibitors have been reported. Immunomodulation can be regarded as a new strategy for cancer immunotherapy. It was also reported that mechanical and thermal effects induced by the combination of ultrasound and microbubbles could suppress tumor growth by promoting the cancer-immunity cycle via immunomodulation in the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we provide an overview of the application of ultrasound and microbubble combination for drug delivery and activation of the immune system in the microenvironment of tumor tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Omata
- Laboratory of Drug and Gene Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Lisa Munakata
- Laboratory of Drug and Gene Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
| | - Kazuo Maruyama
- Department of Theranostics, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan
- Advanced Comprehensive Research Organization (ACRO), Teikyo University, 2-21-1, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0003, Japan
| | - Ryo Suzuki
- Laboratory of Drug and Gene Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University, 2-11-1 Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-8605, Japan.
- Advanced Comprehensive Research Organization (ACRO), Teikyo University, 2-21-1, Kaga, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo, 173-0003, Japan.
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7
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Omata D, Munakata L, Maruyama K, Suzuki R. Enhanced Vascular Permeability by Microbubbles and Ultrasound in Drug Delivery. Biol Pharm Bull 2021; 44:1391-1398. [PMID: 34602547 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b21-00453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ultrasound and microbubbles, an ultrasound contrast agent, have recently increased attention to developing novel drug delivery systems. Ultrasound exposure can induce mechanical effects derived from microbubbles behaviors such as an expansion, contraction, and collapse depending on ultrasound conditions. These mechanical effects induce several biological effects, including enhancement of vascular permeability. For drug delivery, one promising approach is enhancing vascular permeability using ultrasound and microbubbles, resulting in improved drug transport to targeted tissues. This approach is applied to several tissues and drugs to cure diseases. This review describes the enhancement of vascular permeability by ultrasound and microbubbles and its therapeutic application, including our recent study. We also discuss the current situation of the field and its potential future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiki Omata
- Laboratory of Drug and Gene Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University
| | - Lisa Munakata
- Laboratory of Drug and Gene Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University
| | - Kazuo Maruyama
- Laboratory of Theranostics, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University.,Advanced Comprehensive Research Organization (ACRO), Teikyo University
| | - Ryo Suzuki
- Laboratory of Drug and Gene Delivery Research, Faculty of Pharma-Science, Teikyo University.,Advanced Comprehensive Research Organization (ACRO), Teikyo University
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Sanwal R, Joshi K, Ditmans M, Tsai SSH, Lee WL. Ultrasound and Microbubbles for Targeted Drug Delivery to the Lung Endothelium in ARDS: Cellular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Opportunities. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9070803. [PMID: 34356867 PMCID: PMC8301318 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9070803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is characterized by increased permeability of the alveolar–capillary membrane, a thin barrier composed of adjacent monolayers of alveolar epithelial and lung microvascular endothelial cells. This results in pulmonary edema and severe hypoxemia and is a common cause of death after both viral (e.g., SARS-CoV-2) and bacterial pneumonia. The involvement of the lung in ARDS is notoriously heterogeneous, with consolidated and edematous lung abutting aerated, less injured regions. This makes treatment difficult, as most therapeutic approaches preferentially affect the normal lung regions or are distributed indiscriminately to other organs. In this review, we describe the use of thoracic ultrasound and microbubbles (USMB) to deliver therapeutic cargo (drugs, genes) preferentially to severely injured areas of the lung and in particular to the lung endothelium. While USMB has been explored in other organs, it has been under-appreciated in the treatment of lung injury since ultrasound energy is scattered by air. However, this limitation can be harnessed to direct therapy specifically to severely injured lungs. We explore the cellular mechanisms governing USMB and describe various permutations of cargo administration. Lastly, we discuss both the challenges and potential opportunities presented by USMB in the lung as a tool for both therapy and research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Sanwal
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada; (R.S.); (K.J.); (M.D.); (S.S.H.T.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Kushal Joshi
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada; (R.S.); (K.J.); (M.D.); (S.S.H.T.)
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Mihails Ditmans
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada; (R.S.); (K.J.); (M.D.); (S.S.H.T.)
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
| | - Scott S. H. Tsai
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada; (R.S.); (K.J.); (M.D.); (S.S.H.T.)
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
| | - Warren L. Lee
- Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, St. Michael’s Hospital, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada; (R.S.); (K.J.); (M.D.); (S.S.H.T.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Technology (iBEST), Toronto, ON M5B 1T8, Canada
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, Ryerson University, Toronto, ON M5B 2K3, Canada
- Interdepartmental Division of Critical Care Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A1, Canada
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +416-864-6060 (ext. 77655)
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Zhou Z, Sun T, Jiang C. Recent advances on drug delivery nanocarriers for cerebral disorders. Biomed Mater 2021; 16:024104. [PMID: 33455956 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abdc97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Pharmacotherapies for brain disorders are generally faced with obstacles from the blood-brain barrier (BBB). There are a variety of drug delivery systems that have been put forward to cross or bypass the BBB with the access to the central nervous system. Brain drug delivery systems have benefited greatly from the development of nanocarriers, including lipids, polymers and inorganic materials. Consequently, various kinds of brain drug delivery nano-systems have been established, such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles (PNPs), nanomicelles, nanohydrogels, dendrimers, mesoporous silica nanoparticles and magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. The characteristics of their carriers and preparations usually differ from each other, as well as their transportation mechanisms into intracerebral lesions. In this review, different types of brain drug delivery nanocarriers are classified and summarized, especially their significant achievements, to present several recommendations and directions for future strategies of cerebral delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Smart Drug Delivery (Ministry of Education), State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
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Recent Advances on Ultrasound Contrast Agents for Blood-Brain Barrier Opening with Focused Ultrasound. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12111125. [PMID: 33233374 PMCID: PMC7700476 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12111125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier is the primary obstacle to efficient intracerebral drug delivery. Focused ultrasound, in conjunction with microbubbles, is a targeted and non-invasive way to disrupt the blood-brain barrier. Many commercially available ultrasound contrast agents and agents specifically designed for therapeutic purposes have been investigated in ultrasound-mediated blood-brain barrier opening studies. The new generation of sono-sensitive agents, such as liquid-core droplets, can also potentially disrupt the blood-brain barrier after their ultrasound-induced vaporization. In this review, we describe the different compositions of agents used for ultrasound-mediated blood-brain barrier opening in recent studies, and we discuss the challenges of the past five years related to the optimal formulation of agents.
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