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Pawlik VE, Mohi A, Rommel F, Kakkassery V, Ranjbar M, Grisanti S. [Transparent Depiction of Case Reports Linked to COVID-19 and its Vaccination - a Temporal Coincidence]. Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2024; 241:828-833. [PMID: 35426111 DOI: 10.1055/a-1775-8405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vera Elisabeth Pawlik
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Armin Mohi
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Felix Rommel
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Vinodh Kakkassery
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Mahdy Ranjbar
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Deutschland
| | - Salvatore Grisanti
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Lübeck, Deutschland
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Ambika S, Lakshmi P. Infectious optic neuropathy (ION), how to recognise it and manage it. Eye (Lond) 2024:10.1038/s41433-024-03152-8. [PMID: 38831116 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03152-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Optic neuropathy can be of infectious or non-infectious/idiopathic aetiology. Many infectious organisms can cause optic neuropathy that can be of varied presentation including papillitis, retrobulbar optic neuritis, neuroretinitis, and optic perineuritis. Detailed history, ocular, systemic/neurologic examination along with appropriate laboratory evaluation can help clinicians to identify the infectious agent causing optic neuropathy. In spite of recent advanced techniques in serological testing and molecular diagnostics like polymerase chain reaction (PCR), the identification of these pathogens is still a diagnostic challenge. It is ideal to have an infectious disease (ID) consultant in the management team, as most of these infections are multisystem involving diseases. Most infectious agents can be effectively treated with specific antibiotics, with or without corticosteroid therapy, but visual recovery is highly variable and depends entirely on early diagnosis of the causative agent. This review article will provide an overview of common pathogens involved in ION and will describe their management paradigms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selvakumar Ambika
- Department of Neuro-Ophthalmology, Sankara Nethralaya - A Unit of Medical Research Foundation, 18 College Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai, 600 006, India.
| | - Padma Lakshmi
- Department of Neuro-Ophthalmology, Sankara Nethralaya - A Unit of Medical Research Foundation, 18 College Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai, 600 006, India
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Shi J, Danesh-Meyer HV. A review of neuro-ophthalmic sequelae following COVID-19 infection and vaccination. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1345683. [PMID: 38299114 PMCID: PMC10827868 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1345683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Background It has become increasingly clear that the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can affect most organs in the human body, including the neurologic and ophthalmic systems. Vaccination campaigns have been developed at rapid pace around the world to protect the population from the fast-mutating virus. This review seeks to summarise current knowledge of the neuro-ophthalmic manifestations of both COVID-19 infection and vaccination. Evidence acquisition Electronic searches for published literature were conducted using EMBASE and MEDLINE on the 30th of July 2023. The search strategy comprised of controlled vocabulary and free-text synonyms for the following terms in various combinations: "coronavirus, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, 2019-nCoV, vaccination, vaccine, immunisation and neuro-ophthalmology". No time range limits were set for the literature search. Published English abstracts for articles written in a different language were screened if available. Results A total of 54 case reports and case series were selected for use in the final report. 34 articles documenting neuro-ophthalmic manifestations following COVID-19 infection and 20 articles with neuro-ophthalmic complications following COVID-19 vaccination were included, comprising of 79 patients in total. The most commonly occurring condition was optic neuritis, with 25 cases following COVID-19 infection and 27 cases following vaccination against COVID-19. Conclusions The various COVID-19 vaccines that are currently available are part of the global effort to protect the most vulnerable of the human population. The incidence of neuro-ophthalmic consequences following infection with COVID-19 is hundred-folds higher and associated with more harrowing systemic effects than vaccination against the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Shi
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Ophthalmology, Greenlane Clinical Centre, Te Whatu Ora – Health New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Helen V. Danesh-Meyer
- Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
- Ophthalmology, Greenlane Clinical Centre, Te Whatu Ora – Health New Zealand, Auckland, New Zealand
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Anton N, Bogdănici CM, Brănișteanu DC, Ilie OD, Pavel IA, Doroftei B. The Implications of SARS-CoV-2 Infection in a Series of Neuro-Ophthalmological Manifestations-Case Series and Literature Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12113795. [PMID: 37297989 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12113795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The global pandemic impact of the COVID-19 infection included clinical manifestations that affected several organs and systems, with various neuro-ophthalmological manifestations associated with the infection. These are rare and occur either secondary to the presence of the virus or by an autoimmune mechanism secondary to viral antigens. The manifestations are atypical, being present even in the absence of the systemic symptoms typical of a SARS-CoV-2 infection. In this article, we introduce a series of three clinical cases with neuro-ophthalmological manifestations associated with COVID infection that were shown in Ophthalmology Clinic of St. Spiridon Emergency Hospital. Case 1 is that of a 45-year-old male patient with no personal history of general pathology or ophthalmology, with binocular diplopia, painful red eyes, and lacrimal hypersecretion with a sudden onset of about 4 days. Based on the evaluations, a positive diagnosis of orbital cellulitis in both eyes is made. Case 2 is that of a 52-year-old female patient with general PPA (personal pathological antecedents) of SARS-CoV-2 infection 1 month prior to presentation with decreased visual acuity in the right eye and a positive central scotoma, preceded by photopsia and vertigo with balance disorders. The diagnosis is made at the right eye for retrobulbar optic neuritis and post-SARS-CoV-2 infection status. The last clinical case is that of a 55-year-old male patient known to have high blood pressure (HBP) with a sudden, painless decrease in VARE approximately 3 weeks post-SARS-CoV-2 immunization (Pfizer vaccine first dose). The diagnosis is made after consulting all the RE results for central retinal vein thrombosis. Conclusions: Although the cases were quickly and efficiently investigated and the treatment was administered adequately by a multidisciplinary team (cases 1 and 3), the evolution was not favorable in all three situations. Atypical neuro-ophthalmological manifestations can also be present in the absence of systemic symptoms typical of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicoleta Anton
- Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Ophthalmology Clinic, St. Spiridon County Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Camelia Margareta Bogdănici
- Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Ophthalmology Clinic, St. Spiridon County Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | | | - Ovidiu-Dumitru Ilie
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University, 700505 Iasi, Romania
| | - Irina Andreea Pavel
- Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
- Ophthalmology Clinic, St. Spiridon County Emergency Hospital, 700111 Iasi, Romania
| | - Bogdan Doroftei
- Surgery Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania
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Antonescu Ghelmez D, Moraru A, Antonescu F, Chelmambet AS, Bucur AI, Tuţǎ S. Double seropositive neuromyelitis optica associated with COVID-19: A case report. Front Neurol 2022; 13:1004132. [PMID: 36341113 PMCID: PMC9629861 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1004132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders are characterized by severe demyelination and axonal damage with autoimmune mechanisms, predominantly targeting the optic nerves and the spinal cord. Patients often test positive for anti-AQP4 antibodies, while some have anti-MOG antibodies. Double seropositivity has been described, with a variable prevalence (0 to 26%) dependent on the testing method. The clinical significance of double seropositivity remains unclear. We present the case of a 65-year-old patient, admitted to our clinic with optical neuritis, followed up approximately 10 days later by cervical myelitis, who tested positive for both anti-AQP4 and anti-MOG antibodies. The clinical onset coincided with a mild form of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The neurological symptoms were initially relatively subdued, which delayed the diagnosis. The patient was not vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2. The clinical picture was compatible with an anti-AQP4 phenotype. The patient was started on corticosteroid therapy, under which the clinical response was good. Our case reinforces the idea that SARS-CoV-2 can precipitate autoimmune demyelinating diseases since SARS-CoV-2 infection has already been demonstrated as a risk factor for NMOSD relapses. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of double seropositive neuromyelitis optica associated with COVID-19. We expect that in the near future, as the true burden of COVID becomes clearer, we shall encounter other cases which can trace their apparent clinical onset to a SARS-CoV-2 infection. Careful attention should be paid to the apparent minor neurological symptoms of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana Antonescu Ghelmez
- Department of Neurology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Adriana Moraru
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
- *Correspondence: Adriana Moraru
| | - Florian Antonescu
- Department of Neurology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Altay Sercan Chelmambet
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Amanda Ioana Bucur
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Sorin Tuţǎ
- Department of Neurology, “Carol Davila” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Neurology, National Institute of Neurology and Neurovascular Diseases Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
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Chung YG, Person CM, O’Banion J, Primo SA. Coronavirus Disease 2019–Related Health Disparities in Ophthalmology with a Retrospective Analysis at a Large Academic Public Hospital. ADVANCES IN OPHTHALMOLOGY AND OPTOMETRY 2022; 7:311-323. [PMID: 35474943 PMCID: PMC9023339 DOI: 10.1016/j.yaoo.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Rohit W, Rajesh A, Mridula R, Jabeen SA. Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension - Challenges and Pearls. Neurol India 2022; 69:S434-S442. [PMID: 35103000 DOI: 10.4103/0028-3886.332276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) is defined as a syndrome of raised intracranial pressure with normal imaging of the brain and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) composition. There is a rising incidence and prevalence of this disease related to the increased prevalence of obesity. It typically affects women of working age, and headache is the predominant morbidity in over 90%. The disease is also more prevalent in young males. There are many controversies and myths that surround IIH. There are currently few treatment options for IIH, management is typically medical with those experiencing progressive visual loss undergoing surgical procedures. Weight loss and venous sinus stenting are a few therapies directed at the etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wadikhaye Rohit
- RVM Institute of Medical Science and Research Centre, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Alugolu Rajesh
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Rukmini Mridula
- Department of Neurology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Shaik A Jabeen
- Department of Neurology, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
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