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Yao M, Zhang L, Teng X, Lei Y, Xing X, Ren T, Pan Y, Zhang L, Li Z, Lin J, Zheng Y, Xing L, Zhou J, Wu C. Transcriptomic profiling of Dip2a in the neural differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2024; 23:700-710. [PMID: 38292475 PMCID: PMC10825174 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2023.12.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The disconnected-interacting protein 2 homolog A (DIP2A), a member of disconnected-interacting 2 protein family, has been shown to be involved in human nervous system-related mental illness. This protein is highly expressed in the nervous system of mouse. Mutation of mouse DIP2A causes defects in spine morphology and synaptic transmission, autism-like behaviors, and defective social novelty [5], [27], indicating that DIP2A is critical to the maintenance of neural development. However, the role of DIP2A in neural differentiation has yet to be investigated. Objective To determine the role of DIP2A in neural differentiation, a neural differentiation model was established using mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) and studied by using gene-knockout technology and RNA-sequencing-based transcriptome analysis. Results We found that DIP2A is not required for mESCs pluripotency maintenance, but loss of DIP2A causes the neural differentiation abnormalities in both N2B27 and KSR medium. Functional knockout of Dip2a gene also decreased proliferation of mESCs by perturbation of the cell cycle and profoundly inhibited the expression of a large number of neural development-associated genes which mainly enriched in spinal cord development and postsynapse assembly. Conclusions The results of this report demonstrate that DIP2A plays an essential role in regulating differentiation of mESCs towards the neural fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingze Yao
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Center of Reproductive Medicine, Children's Hospital of Shanxi and Women Health Center of Shanxi, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiaojuan Teng
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yu Lei
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xing
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Tinglin Ren
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yuanqing Pan
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhengfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Jingxia Lin
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yaowu Zheng
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Li Xing
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jiajian Zhou
- Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Changxin Wu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Medical Molecular Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Ha T, Morgan A, Bartos MN, Beatty K, Cogné B, Braun D, Gerber CB, Gaspar H, Kopps AM, Rieubland C, Hurst ACE, Amor DJ, Nizon M, Pasquier L, Pfundt R, Reis A, Siu VM, Tessarech M, Thompson ML, Vincent M, de Vries BBA, Walsh MB, Wechsler SB, Zweier C, Schnur RE, Guillen Sacoto MJ, Margot H, Masotto B, Palafoll MIV, Nawaz U, Voineagu I, Slavotinek A. De novo variants predicting haploinsufficiency for DIP2C are associated with expressive speech delay. Am J Med Genet A 2024; 194:e63559. [PMID: 38421105 PMCID: PMC11161320 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.63559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
The disconnected (disco)-interacting protein 2 (DIP2) gene was first identified in D. melanogaster and contains a DNA methyltransferase-associated protein 1 (DMAP1) binding domain, Acyl-CoA synthetase domain and AMP-binding sites. DIP2 regulates axonal bifurcation of the mushroom body neurons in D. melanogaster and is required for axonal regeneration in the neurons of C. elegans. The DIP2 homologues in vertebrates, Disco-interacting protein 2 homolog A (DIP2A), Disco-interacting protein 2 homolog B (DIP2B), and Disco-interacting protein 2 homolog C (DIP2C), are highly conserved and expressed widely in the central nervous system. Although there is evidence that DIP2C plays a role in cognition, reports of pathogenic variants in these genes are rare and their significance is uncertain. We present 23 individuals with heterozygous DIP2C variants, all manifesting developmental delays that primarily affect expressive language and speech articulation. Eight patients had de novo variants predicting loss-of-function in the DIP2C gene, two patients had de novo missense variants, three had paternally inherited loss of function variants and six had maternally inherited loss-of-function variants, while inheritance was unknown for four variants. Four patients had cardiac defects (hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, atrial septal defects, and bicuspid aortic valve). Minor facial anomalies were inconsistent but included a high anterior hairline with a long forehead, broad nasal tip, and ear anomalies. Brainspan analysis showed elevated DIP2C expression in the human neocortex at 10-24 weeks after conception. With the cases presented herein, we provide phenotypic and genotypic data supporting the association between loss-of-function variants in DIP2C with a neurocognitive phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thoa Ha
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
| | - Angela Morgan
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Meghan N Bartos
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Katelyn Beatty
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Benjamin Cogné
- CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, L'institut du Thorax, University Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Dominique Braun
- Department of Human Genetics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Céline B Gerber
- Department of Human Genetics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Harald Gaspar
- Department of Human Genetics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna M Kopps
- Department of Human Genetics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claudine Rieubland
- Department of Human Genetics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anna C E Hurst
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - David J Amor
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Mathilde Nizon
- CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, L'institut du Thorax, University Nantes, Nantes, France
| | | | - Rolph Pfundt
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - André Reis
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- Centre for Rare Diseases Erlangen (ZSEER), Erlangen, Germany
| | - Victoria Mok Siu
- London Health Sciences Center and Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Marine Tessarech
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, Angers University Hospital, Angers, France
| | | | - Marie Vincent
- CHU Nantes, Service de Génétique Médicale, L'institut du Thorax, University Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Bert B A de Vries
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Center and Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Stephanie Burns Wechsler
- Departments of Pediatrics and Human Genetics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Christiane Zweier
- Department of Human Genetics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | - Henri Margot
- Université Bordeaux, MRGM INSERM U1211, CHU de Bordeaux, Service de Génétique Médicale, Bordeaux, France
| | - Barbara Masotto
- Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Urwah Nawaz
- Adelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - Irina Voineagu
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
| | - Anne Slavotinek
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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Park S, Noblett N, Pitts L, Colavita A, Wehman AM, Jin Y, Chisholm AD. Dopey-dependent regulation of extracellular vesicles maintains neuronal morphology. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.07.591898. [PMID: 38766017 PMCID: PMC11100700 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.07.591898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Mature neurons maintain their distinctive morphology for extended periods in adult life. Compared to developmental neurite outgrowth, axon guidance, and target selection, relatively little is known of mechanisms that maintain mature neuron morphology. Loss of function in C. elegans DIP-2, a member of the conserved lipid metabolic regulator Dip2 family, results in progressive overgrowth of neurites in adults. We find that dip-2 mutants display specific genetic interactions with sax-2, the C. elegans ortholog of Drosophila Furry and mammalian FRY. Combined loss of DIP-2 and SAX-2 results in severe disruption of neuronal morphology maintenance accompanied by increased release of neuronal extracellular vesicles (EVs). By screening for suppressors of dip-2 sax-2 double mutant defects we identified gain-of-function (gf) mutations in the conserved Dopey family protein PAD-1 and its associated phospholipid flippase TAT-5/ATP9A. In dip-2 sax-2 double mutants carrying either pad-1(gf) or tat-5(gf) mutation, EV release is reduced and neuronal morphology across multiple neuron types is restored to largely normal. PAD-1(gf) acts cell autonomously in neurons. The domain containing pad-1(gf) is essential for PAD-1 function, and PAD-1(gf) protein displays increased association with the plasma membrane and inhibits EV release. Our findings uncover a novel functional network of DIP-2, SAX-2, PAD-1, and TAT-5 that maintains morphology of neurons and other types of cells, shedding light on the mechanistic basis of neurological disorders involving human orthologs of these genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungmee Park
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Nathaniel Noblett
- Neuroscience Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lauren Pitts
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA
| | - Antonio Colavita
- Neuroscience Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ann M Wehman
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80208, USA
| | - Yishi Jin
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Andrew D Chisholm
- Department of Neurobiology, School of Biological Sciences, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
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Yahia A, Li D, Lejerkrans S, Rajagopalan S, Kalnak N, Tammimies K. Whole exome sequencing and polygenic assessment of a Swedish cohort with severe developmental language disorder. Hum Genet 2024; 143:169-183. [PMID: 38300321 PMCID: PMC10881898 DOI: 10.1007/s00439-023-02636-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Developmental language disorder (DLD) overlaps clinically, genetically, and pathologically with other neurodevelopmental disorders (NDD), corroborating the concept of the NDD continuum. There is a lack of studies to understand the whole genetic spectrum in individuals with DLD. Previously, we recruited 61 probands with severe DLD from 59 families and examined 59 of them and their families using microarray genotyping with a 6.8% diagnostic yield. Herein, we investigated 53 of those probands using whole exome sequencing (WES). Additionally, we used polygenic risk scores (PRS) to understand the within family enrichment of neurodevelopmental difficulties and examine the associations between the results of language-related tests in the probands and language-related PRS. We identified clinically significant variants in four probands, resulting in a 7.5% (4/53) molecular diagnostic yield. Those variants were in PAK2, MED13, PLCB4, and TNRC6B. We also prioritized additional variants for future studies for their role in DLD, including high-impact variants in PARD3 and DIP2C. PRS did not explain the aggregation of neurodevelopmental difficulties in these families. We did not detect significant associations between the language-related tests and language-related PRS. Our results support using WES as the first-tier genetic test for DLD as it can identify monogenic DLD forms. Large-scale sequencing studies for DLD are needed to identify new genes and investigate the polygenic contribution to the condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Yahia
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Danyang Li
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sanna Lejerkrans
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Shyam Rajagopalan
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Nelli Kalnak
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Helsingborg Hospital, Helsingborg, Sweden
| | - Kristiina Tammimies
- Center of Neurodevelopmental Disorders (KIND), Centre for Psychiatry Research, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Astrid Lindgren Children's Hospital, Karolinska University Hospital, Region Stockholm, Stockholm, Sweden.
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5
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Zhang B, Zhang X, Omorou M, Zhao K, Ruan Y, Luan H. Disco interacting protein 2 homolog A (DIP2A): A key component in the regulation of brain disorders. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 168:115771. [PMID: 37897975 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Disco Interacting Protein 2 Homolog A (DIP2A) is expressed throughout the body and abundantly expressed in the brain tissue. It is activated by Follistatin-like 1 (FSTL1). Activated DIP2A interacts with several pathways, such as AMPK/mTOR and AKT pathways, to contribute to many biological processes, such as oxidative stress, transcriptional regulation, and apoptosis. Dysregulated DIP2A activation has been implicated in numerous processes in the brain. If the upstream pathways of DIP2A remain globally unexplored, many proteins, including cortactin, AMPK, and AKT, have been identified as its downstream targets in the literature. Recent studies have linked DIP2A to a variety of mechanisms in many types of brain disorders, suggesting that regulation of DIP2A could provide novel diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for brain disorders. In this review, we comprehensively summarized and discussed the current research on DIP2A in various brain disorders, such as stroke, autism spectrum disorders (ASD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), dyslexia, and glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoyuan Zhang
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, Heilongjiang, China; Key laboratory of Microecology-immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xuesong Zhang
- First Affiliated Hospital, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Moussa Omorou
- Key laboratory of Microecology-immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, Heilongjiang, China; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, Heilongjiang, China; Key laboratory of Microecology-immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Ruan
- The Central Hospital of Jiamusi City, Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China.
| | - Haiyan Luan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, Heilongjiang, China; Key laboratory of Microecology-immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, Heilongjiang, China.
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6
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Lin S. The making of the Drosophila mushroom body. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1091248. [PMID: 36711013 PMCID: PMC9880076 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1091248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The mushroom body (MB) is a computational center in the Drosophila brain. The intricate neural circuits of the mushroom body enable it to store associative memories and process sensory and internal state information. The mushroom body is composed of diverse types of neurons that are precisely assembled during development. Tremendous efforts have been made to unravel the molecular and cellular mechanisms that build the mushroom body. However, we are still at the beginning of this challenging quest, with many key aspects of mushroom body assembly remaining unexplored. In this review, I provide an in-depth overview of our current understanding of mushroom body development and pertinent knowledge gaps.
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Ma J, Li K, Sun X, Liang JN, An XQ, Tian M, Li J, Yan F, Yin Y, Yang YA, Chen FY, Zhang LQ, He XX, He ZX, Guo WX, Zhu XJ, Yu HL. Dysregulation of AMPK-mTOR signaling leads to comorbid anxiety in Dip2a KO mice. Cereb Cortex 2022; 33:4977-4989. [PMID: 36227200 DOI: 10.1093/cercor/bhac393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism is often comorbid with other psychiatric disorders. We have previously shown that Dip2a knockout (KO) induces autism-like behaviors in mice. However, the role of Dip2a in other psychiatric disorders remains unclear. In this paper, we revealed that Dip2a KO mice had comorbid anxiety. Dip2a KO led to a reduction in the dendritic length of cortical and hippocampal excitatory neurons. Molecular mechanism studies suggested that AMPK was overactivated and suppressed the mTOR cascade, contributing to defects in dendritic morphology. Deletion of Dip2a in adult-born hippocampal neurons (Dip2a conditional knockout (cKO)) increased susceptibility to anxiety upon acute stress exposure. Application of (2R,6R)-hydroxynorketamine (HNK), an inhibitor of mTOR, rescued anxiety-like behaviors in Dip2a KO and Dip2a cKO mice. In addition, 6 weeks of high-fat diet intake alleviated AMPK-mTOR signaling and attenuated the severity of anxiety in both Dip2a KO mice and Dip2a cKO mice. Taken together, these results reveal an unrecognized function of DIP2A in anxiety pathophysiology via regulation of AMPK-mTOR signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.,Department of Oral Anatomy and Physiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Anesthesia, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Xue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jia-Nan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xian-Quan An
- Department of Anesthesiology, Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China
| | - Meng Tian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Fang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yue Yin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Ying-Ao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Fei-Yang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Lu-Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Zi-Xuan He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Wei-Xiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Hua-Li Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China
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Vaccines to Prevent Coccidioidomycosis: A Gene-Deletion Mutant of Coccidioides Posadasii as a Viable Candidate for Human Trials. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:jof8080838. [PMID: 36012826 PMCID: PMC9410110 DOI: 10.3390/jof8080838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Coccidioidomycosis is an endemic fungal infection that is reported in up to 20,000 persons per year and has an economic impact close to $1.5 billion. Natural infection virtually always confers protection from future exposure, and this suggests that a preventative vaccine strategy is likely to succeed. We here review progress toward that objective. There has been ongoing research to discover a coccidioidal vaccine over the past seven decades, including one phase III clinical trial, but for reasons of either efficacy or feasibility, a safe and effective vaccine has not yet been developed. This review first summarizes the past research to develop a coccidioidal vaccine. It then details the evidence that supports a live, gene-deletion vaccine candidate as suitable for further development as both a veterinary and a human clinical product. Finally, a plausible vaccine development plan is described which would be applicable to this vaccine candidate and also useful to other future candidates. The public health and economic impact of coccidioidomycosis fully justifies a public private partnership for vaccine development, and the development of a vaccine for this orphan disease will likely require some degree of public funding.
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Yang L, Zhao S, Ma N, Liu L, Li D, Li X, Wang Z, Song X, Wang Y, Wang D. Novel DIP2C gene splicing variant in an individual with focal infantile epilepsy. Am J Med Genet A 2021; 188:210-215. [PMID: 34617658 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.62524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Disco-interacting protein 2 C (DIP2C) encodes a disco-interacting protein and is highly expressed in the nervous system. Most variants of DIP2C are microdeletions on chromosome 10p15.3. This study reports a 17-month-old infant with focal infantile epilepsy who has a single-nucleotide variation in DIP2C that results in alternative splicing. The de novo variation (NM_014974.3: c.1057+2T>G) in DIP2C was uncovered through whole-exome sequencing. Minigene assays were performed and verified the alternative splicing caused by the variation. Finally, an 80-bp nucleotide deletion in the 3' end of Exon 8 was detected. Our study identified a de novo splicing variant that affects the coding length of DIP2C. This finding provides a new candidate gene for focal infantile epilepsy. Importantly, our finding is the first to associate a single nucleotide variant in DIP2C with focal infantile epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Yang
- Department of Pediatric neurology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Siyu Zhao
- Department of Pediatric neurology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Nan Ma
- Department of Pediatric neurology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Liang Liu
- Department of Pediatric neurology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Dongjing Li
- Department of Pediatric neurology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Pediatric neurology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhijing Wang
- Department of Pediatric neurology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Xixiao Song
- Department of Pediatric neurology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pediatric neurology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Department of Pediatric neurology, Xi'an Children's Hospital, Xi'an, China
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10
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Patil GS, Kinatukara P, Mondal S, Shambhavi S, Patel KD, Pramanik S, Dubey N, Narasimhan S, Madduri MK, Pal B, Gokhale RS, Sankaranarayanan R. A universal pocket in fatty acyl-AMP ligases ensures redirection of fatty acid pool away from coenzyme A-based activation. eLife 2021; 10:70067. [PMID: 34490847 PMCID: PMC8460268 DOI: 10.7554/elife.70067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fatty acyl-AMP ligases (FAALs) channelize fatty acids towards biosynthesis of virulent lipids in mycobacteria and other pharmaceutically or ecologically important polyketides and lipopeptides in other microbes. They do so by bypassing the ubiquitous coenzyme A-dependent activation and rely on the acyl carrier protein-tethered 4′-phosphopantetheine (holo-ACP). The molecular basis of how FAALs strictly reject chemically identical and abundant acceptors like coenzyme A (CoA) and accept holo-ACP unlike other members of the ANL superfamily remains elusive. We show that FAALs have plugged the promiscuous canonical CoA-binding pockets and utilize highly selective alternative binding sites. These alternative pockets can distinguish adenosine 3′,5′-bisphosphate-containing CoA from holo-ACP and thus FAALs can distinguish between CoA and holo-ACP. These exclusive features helped identify the omnipresence of FAAL-like proteins and their emergence in plants, fungi, and animals with unconventional domain organizations. The universal distribution of FAALs suggests that they are parallelly evolved with FACLs for ensuring a CoA-independent activation and redirection of fatty acids towards lipidic metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gajanan S Patil
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | | | - Sudipta Mondal
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Sakshi Shambhavi
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Ketan D Patel
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Surabhi Pramanik
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | - Noopur Dubey
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | | | | | - Biswajit Pal
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India
| | | | - Rajan Sankaranarayanan
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Hyderabad, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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11
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Sah RK, Bahadar N, Bah FB, Adlat S, Oo ZM, Zhang L, Ali F, Zobaer MS, Feng X, Zheng Y. Analysis of Dip2B Expression in Adult Mouse Tissues Using the LacZ Reporter Gene. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2021; 43:529-542. [PMID: 34208944 PMCID: PMC8929063 DOI: 10.3390/cimb43020040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2021] [Revised: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Disconnected (disco)-interacting protein 2 homolog B (Dip2B) is a member of the Dip2 superfamily and plays an essential role in axonal outgrowth during embryogenesis. In adults, Dip2B is highly expressed in different brain regions, as shown by in situ analysis, and may have a role in axon guidance. However, the expression and biological role of Dip2B in other somatic tissues remain unknown. To better visualize Dip2B expression and to provide insight into the roles of Dip2B during postnatal development, we used a Dip2btm1a(wtsi)komp knock-in mouse model, in which a LacZ-Neo fusion protein is expressed under Dip2b promoter and allowed Dip2B expression to be analyzed by X-gal staining. qPCR analyses showed that Dip2b mRNA was expressed in a variety of somatic tissues, including lung and kidney, in addition to brain. LacZ staining indicated that Dip2B is broadly expressed in neuronal, reproductive, and vascular tissues as well as in the kidneys, heart, liver, and lungs. Moreover, neurons and epithelial cells showed rich staining. The broad and intense patterns of Dip2B expression in adult mice provide evidence of the distribution of Dip2B in multiple locations and, thereby, its implication in numerous physiological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Kumar Sah
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (N.B.); (F.B.B.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (L.Z.)
| | - Noor Bahadar
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (N.B.); (F.B.B.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (L.Z.)
- WISH Biotechnologies, Beihu Scinece Park B, Changchun 130000, China
| | - Fatoumata Binta Bah
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (N.B.); (F.B.B.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (L.Z.)
| | - Salah Adlat
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (N.B.); (F.B.B.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (L.Z.)
| | - Zin Mar Oo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (N.B.); (F.B.B.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (L.Z.)
| | - Luqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (N.B.); (F.B.B.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (L.Z.)
| | - Fawad Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Bacha Khan University, Charsadda 6431, KP, Pakistan;
| | - M S Zobaer
- McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Xuechao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (N.B.); (F.B.B.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (L.Z.)
- Correspondence: (X.F.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yaowu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (N.B.); (F.B.B.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (L.Z.)
- Correspondence: (X.F.); (Y.Z.)
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12
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Bai LL, Zhang LQ, Ma J, Li J, Tian M, Cao RJ, He XX, He ZX, Yu HL, Zhu XJ. DIP2A is involved in SOD-mediated antioxidative reactions in murine brain. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 168:6-15. [PMID: 33781892 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) are highly associated with oxidative stress. We have recently shown that Disconnected-interacting protein homolog 2 A (DIP2A) functions in ASD pathophysiology by regulating cortactin acetylation for spine development and synaptic transmission. However, its role is not fully understood in the context of its abundant expression in mitochondria. In this paper, we found that DIP2A was involved in superoxide dismutase (SOD)-mediated antioxidative reactions. In mice, DIP2A knockout inhibited SOD activity and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in the cerebral cortex. In vitro gain-of-function experiments further confirmed the positive role of DIP2A in scavenging ROS upon oxidative stress. Moreover, DIP2A knockout caused irregular mitochondrial morphology in the cerebral cortex and impaired mitochondrial metabolism with an over consumption of lipids for energy supply. Taken together, these results revealed unrecognized functions of DIP2A in antioxidative protection, providing another possible explanation for DIP2A-mediated ASD pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu-Lu Bai
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China; Department of Pediatric Hematology, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lu-Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Meng Tian
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Rang-Juan Cao
- Department of Hand Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, 130033, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Zi-Xuan He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Hua-Li Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Ministry of Education and Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.
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13
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Yao M, Su P, Li Z, Cui X, Yang Q, Xing X, Lei Y, Lian M, Ren T, Wang X, Zheng Y, Wu C. Knockout of Dip2c in murine ES cell line IBMSe001-B-1 by CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing technology. Stem Cell Res 2021; 53:102236. [PMID: 33813174 DOI: 10.1016/j.scr.2021.102236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
DIP2 protein contains three members: DIP2A, DIP2B and DIP2C, and are broadly expressed in the nervous system from Drosophila to human during embryonic development. Dip2c gene-associated mutations have been reported in tumors and neuronal diseases. However, the role ofDip2cin the context of mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells has not been explored.To investigate the biological function of Dip2c during early embryo development, we generated Dip2c-/- mES line using a CRISPR/Cas9 system. This cell line has contributed to further investigation of molecular mechanism of Dip2c during cell differentiation, as well as a cell model for screening for neurogenic drug and cancer clinical cure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingze Yao
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, 030006 Taiyuan, China.
| | - Pengfei Su
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, 030006 Taiyuan, China
| | - Zhengfeng Li
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Xiaogang Cui
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, 030006 Taiyuan, China
| | - Qian Yang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, 030006 Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xing
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, 030006 Taiyuan, China
| | - Yu Lei
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, 030006 Taiyuan, China
| | - Mengqiao Lian
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, 030006 Taiyuan, China
| | - Tinglin Ren
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, 030006 Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiedong Wang
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, 030006 Taiyuan, China
| | - Yaowu Zheng
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, 030006 Taiyuan, China; Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China.
| | - Changxin Wu
- Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shanxi University, No. 92 Wucheng Road, 030006 Taiyuan, China.
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14
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Kinatukara P, Subramaniyan PS, Patil GS, Shambhavi S, Singh S, Mhetre A, Madduri MK, Soundararajan A, Patel KD, Shekar PC, Kamat SS, Kumar S, Sankaranarayanan R. Peri-natal growth retardation rate and fat mass accumulation in mice lacking Dip2A is dependent on the dietary composition. Transgenic Res 2020; 29:553-562. [PMID: 33184751 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-020-00219-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Disco-interacting protein 2 is a highly conserved three-domain protein with two tandem Adenylate-forming domains. It is proposed to influence the processes involved in neuronal development by influencing lipid metabolism and remains to be characterized. In this study, we show that Disco-interacting protein 2a null mice do not exhibit overt phenotype defects. However, the body composition differences were observed in these mice under different dietary regimens. The neutral lipid composition of two different diets was characterized, and it was observed that the new-born mice grow relatively slower than the wild-type mice with delayed appearance of features such as dentition when fed with high-triacylglycerol NIN-formulation diet. The high-diacylglycerol Safe-formulation diet was found to accumulate more fat mass in mice than those fed with high-triacylglycerol NIN-formulation diet beyond 10 months. These findings point to a proposed relationship between dietary components (particularly the lipid composition) and body composition along with the growth of neonates in mice lacking the gene Disco-interacting protein 2a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyadarshan Kinatukara
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Purnima Sailasree Subramaniyan
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Gajanan S Patil
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Sakshi Shambhavi
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Shubham Singh
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra, 411008, India
| | - Amol Mhetre
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra, 411008, India
| | - Murali Krishna Madduri
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Avinash Soundararajan
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Ketan D Patel
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - P Chandra Shekar
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India
| | - Siddhesh S Kamat
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, Maharashtra, 411008, India
| | - Satish Kumar
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India.
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Interdisciplinary and Applied Sciences, Central University of Haryana, Jant-Pali, Mahendergarh, Haryana, 123029, India.
| | - Rajan Sankaranarayanan
- CSIR-Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India.
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India.
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15
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Sah RK, Ma J, Bah FB, Xing Z, Adlat S, Oo ZM, Wang Y, Bahadar N, Bohio AA, Nagi FH, Feng X, Zhang L, Zheng Y. Targeted Disruption of Mouse Dip2B Leads to Abnormal Lung Development and Prenatal Lethality. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21218223. [PMID: 33153107 PMCID: PMC7663123 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21218223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular and anatomical functions of mammalian Dip2 family members (Dip2A, Dip2B and Dip2C) during organogenesis are largely unknown. Here, we explored the indispensable role of Dip2B in mouse lung development. Using a LacZ reporter, we explored Dip2B expression during embryogenesis. This study shows that Dip2B expression is widely distributed in various neuronal, myocardial, endothelial, and epithelial cell types during embryogenesis. Target disruption of Dip2b leads to intrauterine growth restriction, defective lung formation and perinatal mortality. Dip2B is crucial for late lung maturation rather than early-branching morphogenesis. The morphological analysis shows that Dip2b loss leads to disrupted air sac formation, interstitium septation and increased cellularity. In BrdU incorporation assay, it is shown that Dip2b loss results in increased cell proliferation at the saccular stage of lung development. RNA-seq analysis reveals that 1431 genes are affected in Dip2b deficient lungs at E18.5 gestation age. Gene ontology analysis indicates cell cycle-related genes are upregulated and immune system related genes are downregulated. KEGG analysis identifies oxidative phosphorylation as the most overrepresented pathways along with the G2/M phase transition pathway. Loss of Dip2b de-represses the expression of alveolar type I and type II molecular markers. Altogether, the study demonstrates an important role of Dip2B in lung maturation and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajiv Kumar Sah
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (F.B.B.); (Z.X.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (Y.W.); (N.B.); (A.A.B.); (F.H.N.); (L.Z.)
| | - Jun Ma
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou 325001, China;
| | - Fatoumata Binta Bah
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (F.B.B.); (Z.X.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (Y.W.); (N.B.); (A.A.B.); (F.H.N.); (L.Z.)
| | - Zhenkai Xing
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (F.B.B.); (Z.X.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (Y.W.); (N.B.); (A.A.B.); (F.H.N.); (L.Z.)
| | - Salah Adlat
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (F.B.B.); (Z.X.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (Y.W.); (N.B.); (A.A.B.); (F.H.N.); (L.Z.)
| | - Zin Ma Oo
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (F.B.B.); (Z.X.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (Y.W.); (N.B.); (A.A.B.); (F.H.N.); (L.Z.)
| | - Yajun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (F.B.B.); (Z.X.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (Y.W.); (N.B.); (A.A.B.); (F.H.N.); (L.Z.)
| | - Noor Bahadar
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (F.B.B.); (Z.X.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (Y.W.); (N.B.); (A.A.B.); (F.H.N.); (L.Z.)
| | - Ameer Ali Bohio
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (F.B.B.); (Z.X.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (Y.W.); (N.B.); (A.A.B.); (F.H.N.); (L.Z.)
| | - Farooq Hayel Nagi
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (F.B.B.); (Z.X.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (Y.W.); (N.B.); (A.A.B.); (F.H.N.); (L.Z.)
| | - Xuechao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (F.B.B.); (Z.X.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (Y.W.); (N.B.); (A.A.B.); (F.H.N.); (L.Z.)
- Correspondence: (X.F.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Luqing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (F.B.B.); (Z.X.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (Y.W.); (N.B.); (A.A.B.); (F.H.N.); (L.Z.)
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
| | - Yaowu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (R.K.S.); (F.B.B.); (Z.X.); (S.A.); (Z.M.O.); (Y.W.); (N.B.); (A.A.B.); (F.H.N.); (L.Z.)
- Correspondence: (X.F.); (Y.Z.)
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16
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Xing ZK, Zhang LQ, Zhang Y, Sun X, Sun XL, Yu HL, Zheng YW, He ZX, Zhu XJ. DIP2B Interacts With α-Tubulin to Regulate Axon Outgrowth. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:29. [PMID: 32153366 PMCID: PMC7045754 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Axonal development is essential to the establishment of neuronal morphology and circuitry, although the mechanisms underlying axonal outgrowth during the early developmental stages remain unclear. Here, we showed that the conserved disco-interacting protein B (DIP2B) which consists of a DMAP1 domain and a crotonobetaine/carnitine CoA ligase (Caic) domain, is highly expressed in the excitatory neurons of the hippocampus. DIP2B knockout led to excessive axonal outgrowth but not polarity at an early developmental stage. Furthermore, the loss of DIP2B inhibited synaptic transmission for both spontaneous and rapid release in cultured hippocampal neurons. Interestingly, DIP2B function during axonal outgrowth requires tubulin acetylation. These findings reveal a new conserved regulator of neuronal morphology and provide a novel intervention mechanism for neurocognitive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Kai Xing
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu-Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xue Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao-Lin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Hua-Li Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yao-Wu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Zi-Xuan He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics Ministry of Education, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
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17
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Ma J, Zhang LQ, He ZX, He XX, Wang YJ, Jian YL, Wang X, Zhang BB, Su C, Lu J, Huang BQ, Zhang Y, Wang GY, Guo WX, Qiu DL, Mei L, Xiong WC, Zheng YW, Zhu XJ. Autism candidate gene DIP2A regulates spine morphogenesis via acetylation of cortactin. PLoS Biol 2019; 17:e3000461. [PMID: 31600191 PMCID: PMC6786517 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Dendritic spine development is crucial for the establishment of excitatory synaptic connectivity and functional neural circuits. Alterations in spine morphology and density have been associated with multiple neurological disorders. Autism candidate gene disconnected-interacting protein homolog 2 A (DIP2A) is known to be involved in acetylated coenzyme A (Ac-CoA) synthesis and is primarily expressed in the brain regions with abundant pyramidal neurons. However, the role of DIP2A in the brain remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that deletion of Dip2a in mice induced defects in spine morphogenesis along with thin postsynaptic density (PSD), and reduced synaptic transmission of pyramidal neurons. We further identified that DIP2A interacted with cortactin, an activity-dependent spine remodeling protein. The binding activity of DIP2A-PXXP motifs (P, proline; X, any residue) with the cortactin-Src homology 3 (SH3) domain was critical for maintaining the level of acetylated cortactin. Furthermore, Dip2a knockout (KO) mice exhibited autism-like behaviors, including excessive repetitive behaviors and defects in social novelty. Importantly, acetylation mimetic cortactin restored the impaired synaptic transmission and ameliorated repetitive behaviors in these mice. Altogether, our findings establish an initial link between DIP2A gene variations in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and highlight the contribution of synaptic protein acetylation to synaptic processing. The autism candidate gene DIP2A is known to be involved in the synthesis of acetylated coenzyme A, but its precise role in the brain remains largely unknown. This study shows that loss of DIP2A in mice results in an imbalance in the acetylation of the synaptic protein cortactin, causing defects in spine morphogenesis and synaptic transmission that may establish a link to autism spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Lu-Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Zi-Xuan He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Ya-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - You-Li Jian
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
| | - Bin-Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Ce Su
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Bai-Qu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Gui-Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Wei-Xiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Molecular and Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - De-Lai Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Function and Pharmacology of Jilin Province, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Lin Mei
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Wen-Cheng Xiong
- Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Yao-Wu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail: (XZ); (YZ)
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
- * E-mail: (XZ); (YZ)
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Ma J, Chen L, He XX, Wang YJ, Yu HL, He ZX, Zhang LQ, Zheng YW, Zhu XJ. Functional prediction and characterization of Dip2 gene in mice. Cell Biol Int 2019; 43:421-428. [PMID: 30672040 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Disconnected interacting protein 2 (DIP2) is a highly conserved protein family among invertebrates and vertebrates, but its function remains unclear. In this paper, we summarized the conservation of gene sequences and protein domains of DIP2 family members and predicted that they may have a similar functional role in acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) synthesis. We then used the most characterized member, disconnected interacting protein 2 homolog A (DIP2A), for further study. DIP2A is a cytoplasmic protein that is preferentially localized to mitochondria, and its acetyl-CoA synthetase activity has been demonstrated in vitro. Furthermore, the level of acetyl-CoA in HEK293 cells overexpressing DIP2A was increased, which is consistent with its metabolically related function. Together, these data enrich the evolutionary and functional characterization of dip2 genes and provide significant insights into the identification and application of other homologs of DIP2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Li Chen
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiao-Xiao He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Ya-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Hua-Li Yu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Zi-Xuan He
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lu-Qing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Yao-Wu Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Xiao-Juan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics, Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130021, China
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Noblett N, Wu Z, Ding ZH, Park S, Roenspies T, Flibotte S, Chisholm AD, Jin Y, Colavita A. DIP-2 suppresses ectopic neurite sprouting and axonal regeneration in mature neurons. J Cell Biol 2018; 218:125-133. [PMID: 30396999 PMCID: PMC6314549 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201804207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 09/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal morphology and circuitry established during early development must often be maintained over the entirety of animal lifespans. Compared with neuronal development, the mechanisms that maintain mature neuronal structures and architecture are little understood. The conserved disco-interacting protein 2 (DIP2) consists of a DMAP1-binding domain and two adenylate-forming domains (AFDs). We show that the Caenorhabditis elegans DIP-2 maintains morphology of mature neurons. dip-2 loss-of-function mutants display a progressive increase in ectopic neurite sprouting and branching during late larval and adult life. In adults, dip-2 also inhibits initial stages of axon regeneration cell autonomously and acts in parallel to DLK-1 MAP kinase and EFA-6 pathways. The function of DIP-2 in maintenance of neuron morphology and in axon regrowth requires its AFD domains and is independent of its DMAP1-binding domain. Our findings reveal a new conserved regulator of neuronal morphology maintenance and axon regrowth after injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel Noblett
- Neuroscience Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Zilu Wu
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Zhao Hua Ding
- Neuroscience Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Seungmee Park
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Tony Roenspies
- Neuroscience Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Stephane Flibotte
- Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Andrew D Chisholm
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Yishi Jin
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Antonio Colavita
- Neuroscience Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada .,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
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Jha MK, Kim JH, Song GJ, Lee WH, Lee IK, Lee HW, An SSA, Kim S, Suk K. Functional dissection of astrocyte-secreted proteins: Implications in brain health and diseases. Prog Neurobiol 2017; 162:37-69. [PMID: 29247683 DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Revised: 10/23/2017] [Accepted: 12/08/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Astrocytes, which are homeostatic cells of the central nervous system (CNS), display remarkable heterogeneity in their morphology and function. Besides their physical and metabolic support to neurons, astrocytes modulate the blood-brain barrier, regulate CNS synaptogenesis, guide axon pathfinding, maintain brain homeostasis, affect neuronal development and plasticity, and contribute to diverse neuropathologies via secreted proteins. The identification of astrocytic proteome and secretome profiles has provided new insights into the maintenance of neuronal health and survival, the pathogenesis of brain injury, and neurodegeneration. Recent advances in proteomics research have provided an excellent catalog of astrocyte-secreted proteins. This review categorizes astrocyte-secreted proteins and discusses evidence that astrocytes play a crucial role in neuronal activity and brain function. An in-depth understanding of astrocyte-secreted proteins and their pathways is pivotal for the development of novel strategies for restoring brain homeostasis, limiting brain injury/inflammation, counteracting neurodegeneration, and obtaining functional recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mithilesh Kumar Jha
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Jong-Heon Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyun Jee Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Ha Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Kyu Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Won Lee
- Department of Neurology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Soo A An
- Department of BioNano Technology, Gachon University, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - SangYun Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungho Suk
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute, BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
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21
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DISCO interacting protein 2 determines direction of axon projection under the regulation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase in the Drosophila mushroom body. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 487:116-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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22
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Nitta Y, Sugie A. Identification of glaikit in a genome-wide expression profiling for axonal bifurcation of the mushroom body in Drosophila. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 487:898-902. [PMID: 28465232 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.04.150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Axonal branching is a fundamental requirement for sending electrical signals to multiple targets. However, despite the importance of axonal branching in neural development and function, the molecular mechanisms that control branch formation are poorly understood. Previous studies have hardly addressed the intracellular signaling cascade of axonal bifurcation characterized by growth cone splitting. Recently we reported that DISCO interacting protein 2 (DIP2) regulates bifurcation of mushroom body axons in Drosophila melanogaster. DIP2 mutant displays ectopic bifurcations in α/β neurons. Taking advantage of this phenomenon, we tried to identify genes involved in branching formation by comparing the transcriptome of wild type with that of DIP2 RNAi flies. After the microarray analysis, Glaikit (Gkt), a member of the phospholipase D superfamily, was identified as a downstream target of DIP2 by RNAi against gkt and qRT-PCR experiment. Single cell MARCM analysis of gkt mutant phenocopied the ectopic axonal branches observed in DIP2 mutant. Furthermore, a genetic analysis between gkt and DIP2 revealed that gkt potentially acts in parallel with DIP2. In conclusion, we identified a novel gene underlying the axonal bifurcation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Nitta
- Department of Neuroscience of Disease, Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Niigata University, Japan; Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Sugie
- Department of Neuroscience of Disease, Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Niigata University, Japan; Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Japan.
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