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Arimoro OI, Wiebe S, Lin CQY, Josephson CB, Sajobi TT. Health utilities of patients with epilepsy in a Canadian population. Epilepsia 2024. [PMID: 39373091 DOI: 10.1111/epi.18132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/17/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Health state utilities are required to obtain quality adjusted life years, a common metric that informs clinical decision-making at individual, group, and health policy levels. Health state utilities are different from health-related quality of life, and their distribution across patients with epilepsy, as well as the factors that impact them, have not been studied in depth. We aimed to describe the distribution of health state utilities in people with epilepsy and the impact of different combinations of clinical and demographic factors on health state evaluation. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis of patients' data prospectively collected in the Calgary Comprehensive Epilepsy Program registry. Patient-reported health state utilities were measured using the 5-level EuroQol 5-Dimension scale (EQ-5D-5L) completed at their initial assessment. EQ-5D-5L index scores were derived via the time trade-off approach based on Canadian norms, and their distribution across different health states and patient characteristics was obtained. The Tobit regression model was used to evaluate the determinants of EQ-5D-5L index scores. RESULTS Of 1446 patients included in this analysis, 724 (50.5%) were female. The median (interquartile range) Canada-normed EQ-5D-5L index score was .87 (.71-.91). Patients with significantly lower health utilities were more likely to be female (p = .008), to be older (p = .034), to be unmarried (p = .013), to have failed to achieve 1-year seizure freedom (p < .001), to have no postsecondary education (p = .028), to be depressed (p < .001), to have antiseizure medication side effects (p = .001), to be unemployed (p < .001), and to be unable to drive (p < .001). A look-up table of health utilities based on combinations of clinical-demographic characteristics was produced. SIGNIFICANCE Health utility estimates for combinations of different health states in people with epilepsy attending specialty clinics are now available. These can help guide clinical decision-making in routine clinical practice, economic evaluations of treatment interventions, and health care policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olayinka I Arimoro
- Department of Community Health Sciences and O'Brien Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Samuel Wiebe
- Department of Community Health Sciences and O'Brien Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Chantelle Q Y Lin
- Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Colin B Josephson
- Department of Community Health Sciences and O'Brien Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Centre for Health Informatics, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tolulope T Sajobi
- Department of Community Health Sciences and O'Brien Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Arimoro OI, Josephson CB, James MT, Patten SB, Wiebe S, Lix LM, Sajobi TT. Screening for depression in patients with epilepsy: same questions but different meaning to different patients. Qual Life Res 2024:10.1007/s11136-024-03782-1. [PMID: 39249715 DOI: 10.1007/s11136-024-03782-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/01/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) such as the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory in Epilepsy (NDDI-E), a 6-item epilepsy-specific PROM, is used to screen for major depressive disorder symptoms for patients with epilepsy (PWE). The validity and interpretation of PROMs can be affected by differential item functioning (DIF), which occurs when subgroups of patients with the same underlying health status respond to and interpret questions about their health status differently. This study aims to determine whether NDDI-E items exhibit DIF and to identify subgroups of PWE that exhibit DIF in NDDI-E items. METHODS Data were from the Calgary Comprehensive Epilepsy Program database, a clinical registry of adult PWE in Calgary, Canada. A tree-based partial credit model based on recursive partitioning (PCTree) was used to identify subgroups that exhibit DIF on NDDI-E items using patients' characteristics as covariates. Differences in the identified subgroups were characterized using multinomial logistic regression. RESULTS Of the 1,576 patients in this cohort, 806 (51.1%) were female, and the median age was 38.0 years. PCTree identified four patient subgroups defined by employment status, age, and sex. Subgroup 1 were unemployed patients ≤ 26 years old, subgroup 2 were unemployed patients > 26 years, subgroup 3 were employed females, while subgroup 4 were employed male patients. The subgroups exhibited significant differences on education level, comorbidity index scores, marital status, type of epilepsy, and driving status. CONCLUSION PWE differed in their interpretation and responses to questions about their depression symptoms, and these differences were a function of sociodemographic and clinical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olayinka I Arimoro
- Department of Community Health Sciences & O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Colin B Josephson
- Department of Community Health Sciences & O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences & Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Matthew T James
- Department of Community Health Sciences & O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
- Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Scott B Patten
- Department of Community Health Sciences & O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
| | - Samuel Wiebe
- Department of Community Health Sciences & O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences & Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Lisa M Lix
- Department of Community Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Tolulope T Sajobi
- Department of Community Health Sciences & O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, 3280 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4Z6, Canada.
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences & Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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Panahi P, Zafardoust H, Mirzohreh ST, Khamnian Z, Alizadeh M. The study of mental health status of people with epilepsy during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and meta-analysis study. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 157:109834. [PMID: 38852496 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 05/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the lives of people with epilepsy (PWE) in various ways. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess the mental health status and prevalence of mental disorders including depression, anxiety, stress, and psychological distress among PWE. Furthermore, this study evaluates changes in sleep patterns and presence of sleep disturbances among them. The findings of this systematic review can help health organizations, policymakers, and health workers to better prepare and respond to future health crises for PWE and other chronic disease patients. METHOD This systematic review was prepared using PRISMA reporting guidelines. We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane Library databases for studies that reported data on mental health parameters including depression, anxiety, stress, psychological distress, quality of life, and sleep quality, during the pandemic until May 2023. The analytical procedures were executed through the utilization of Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software. RESULTS In our study, a total of 61 carefully selected studies were analyzed, yielding valuable insights into the prevalence and impact of various mental health indicators among PWE. The findings revealed that a significant proportion of PWE experienced distressing psychological symptoms, with depression being reported by 34% of participants. Additionally, anxiety was prevalent among 43% of individuals, while stress symptoms were reported by 49% of respondents. Moreover, a substantial portion of PWE, approximately 38%, reported experiencing poor sleep quality, further underscoring the multifaceted nature of the challenges faced by this population. These findings highlight the need for targeted interventions and comprehensive support systems to address the mental health concerns and sleep disturbances faced by individuals living with epilepsy. CONCLUSION The findings revealed that a substantial number of PWE experience symptoms of depression, anxiety, stress, and poor sleep quality. These results emphasize the importance of considering mental health and sleep assessments as integral components of care for individuals with epilepsy. The study underscores the need for further research and targeted interventions to address the mental health burden faced by this population. By prioritizing and addressing these challenges, healthcare providers can enhance the overall well-being and quality of life for individuals living with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Zhila Khamnian
- Department of Community Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahasti Alizadeh
- Faculty of Medicine, Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran.
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Dubenko A, Morelli R, Cross JH, Hall J, Kharytonov V, Michaelis R, Wiebe S. Mental health and quality of life of individuals with epilepsy during the war in Ukraine. Epilepsia 2024. [PMID: 38943522 DOI: 10.1111/epi.18052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the repercussions of the war in Ukraine on people with epilepsy (PWE), focusing on access to health care, seizure control, quality of life (QoL), psychological distress, anxiety, and depression; and to identify the key factors influencing these measures. METHODS Consecutive PWE, ≥18 years of age, presenting to one of seven health centers across Ukraine were invited to complete a self-administered survey in 2023. The survey gathered information on clinical and demographic aspects, geographic displacement, and access to care and medications. It also contained five valid questionnaires exploring psychological distress (Kessler-10), QoL with the EuroQOL-5D-5L (EQ-5D-5L), depression with the Neurological Disorders in Epilepsy scale (NDDIE), anxiety with the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scalae-Anxiety (HADS-A), and epilepsy severity with the Global Assessment of the Severity of Epilepsy scale (GASE). Multivariate linear regression models assessed the relationship between measures of mental health and QoL and their potential predictors. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institute of Neurology, Psychiatry and Narcology of NAMS of Ukraine, Ukraine. RESULTS Among 305 participants (mean age 38 years), 40% were female and 44% had to change residence because of the war. Seizures worsened during the war in 52% of those with active epilepsy and 42% of those with well-controlled epilepsy. Difficulties accessing health care and anti-seizure medications occurred in 25% and 34% of PWE, respectively, and was worse among those who were displaced. According to the mental health instruments, 46% suffered psychological distress, 62% experienced anxiety, 50% were depressed, and 59% rated their epilepsy as somewhat severe or worse. Statistically significant predictors of psychological distress, anxiety, and depression included female gender, more severe epilepsy, increased seizures during the war, and requiring mental health support. SIGNIFICANCE The war significantly disrupted access to health care and availability of medication in PWE, who suffer from significant anxiety, depression, and psychological distress. We identify high-risk factors that can guide resource allocation for prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andriy Dubenko
- Institute of Neurology, Psychiatry and Narcology of NAMS of Ukraine, Kharkov, Ukraine
| | | | - J Helen Cross
- UCL NIHR BRC Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | - Julie Hall
- International League Against Epilepsy, Washington, DC, USA
| | | | - Rosa Michaelis
- Ruhr-Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Samuel Wiebe
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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Alexander HB, Munger Clary HM, Shaltout HA, Fountain NB, Duncan P, Brubaker P, Fanning J. Developing optimized physical activity interventions for drug-resistant epilepsy: Challenges and lessons learned from a remote exercise intervention pilot trial. Epilepsy Behav Rep 2024; 27:100693. [PMID: 39416712 PMCID: PMC11480735 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebr.2024.100693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 10/19/2024] Open
Abstract
People with epilepsy (PWE) stand to benefit significantly from increasing their physical activity, but promotion of physical activity is difficult in any population; a challenge compounded by the unique barriers encountered by PWE, especially those with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). This study explores the feasibility of a remotely delivered, 12-week aerobic exercise program based on social cognitive theory principles in adults with DRE. This line of research is nested within the Multiphase Optimization Strategy (MOST), a framework that emphasizes iterative early pilot work (preparation phase research), followed by iterative optimization phase research. Ten participants were recruited, and four out of ten completed the study, resulting in 3.8 % recruitment from those preliminarily eligible by chart review, and 40 % retention. While acceptability was high among those who completed the study, recruitment, retention, and uptake were low. Three key related lessons learned emerged: 1) low appeal of an exercise intervention in our population of DRE 2) barriers related to comorbid mental health struggles, and 3) fear of seizures. How to best approach physical activity promotion in PWE, particularly DRE, will require a somewhat novel approach involving iterative pilot work and optimization before large scale efficacy trials and implementation can be achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halley B. Alexander
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Heidi M. Munger Clary
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Hossam A. Shaltout
- Wake Forest School of Medicine, Hypertension and Vascular Research Center, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Nathan B. Fountain
- University of Virginia, Department of Neurology, Charlottesville, VA, USA
| | - Pamela Duncan
- Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Peter Brubaker
- Wake Forest University, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Jason Fanning
- Wake Forest University, Department of Health and Exercise Science, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
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Abell K, Sit DK, Wisner KL. Depression in Persons With Epilepsy: Lessons From Case Review. J Clin Psychopharmacol 2024; 44:272-277. [PMID: 38684049 DOI: 10.1097/jcp.0000000000001848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Major depressive disorder is highly prevalent among persons with epilepsy (PWEs). Between 30% and 50% of PWEs suffer from depression. Many factors contribute to this prevalence, including the psychosocial impact of the diagnosis, restrictions on driving and certain types of work, and adverse effects associated with antiseizure medications. Without proper treatment, depressed PWEs have increased risks for suicide, strained relationships, lowered seizure control, and impairment in functioning. Our objective was to use the existing literature and insights from our experience in treating depression and anxiety in PWEs within an academic mood disorders center. We aimed to provide practical guidance for health care professionals who treat depression in this population. METHODS Persons with epilepsy and depression were identified by their treating psychiatrists. Their electronic health records were reviewed and compiled for this report, with a total of 12 included in this review. Records were reviewed regarding antiseizure medications, psychotropic medications, light therapy, psychotherapy, other interventions, and treatment response. RESULTS Based on our review of literature, as well as review of cases of individuals with epilepsy and comorbid psychiatric conditions, we recommend a step-wise evidence-based approach of optimizing psychiatric medication doses, augmenting with additional medication and/or implementing nonpharmacological interventions such as light therapy and psychotherapy. CONCLUSIONS In PWEs, improvement in depression, other psychiatric symptoms, and function are the goals of drug and nondrug interventions. Depression care has the potential to significantly improve the quality of life of PWEs and reduce both morbidity and mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Abell
- From the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Health, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Dorothy K Sit
- Asher Center for the Study and Treatment of Depressive Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | - Katherine L Wisner
- Developing Brain Institute, Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC
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Maria de Araujo Filho G, Teixeira AL. Management of anhedonia after epilepsy surgery. Epilepsy Behav Rep 2024; 26:100658. [PMID: 38495401 PMCID: PMC10940138 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebr.2024.100658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Anhedonia is clinically defined as difficulty or inability to feel pleasure or to be motivated to perform activities that were previously pleasurable. Anhedonia is a core feature of depressive disorders but can be present in other conditions such as substance use and anxiety disorders. Herein we report the case of a 34-year-old female who developed marked anhedonia after left cortico-amygdalohippocampectomy. Despite optimal seizure control, the person struggled with anhedonia and other depressive symptoms. After ruling out medico-neurologic complications, she was prescribed with a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor and cognitive-behavioral therapy. Anhedonia can be a challenging neuropsychiatric presentation that requires ruling out the effects of antiseizure medications, neurosurgery, and other drugs before prescribing antidepressants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerardo Maria de Araujo Filho
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Faculdade de Medicina de Sao Jose do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio L. Teixeira
- Faculdade Santa Casa BH, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Biggs Institute, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio (UT Health San Antonio), San Antonio, TX, United States
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Conner K, Gandy M, Munger-Clary HM. What is the role of screening instruments in the management of psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy? Tools and practical tips for the most common comorbidities: Depression and anxiety. Epilepsy Behav Rep 2024; 25:100654. [PMID: 38389991 PMCID: PMC10881315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebr.2024.100654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Depression and anxiety are the most common psychiatric comorbidities in epilepsy and are known to increase healthcare utilization, the risk of refractory epilepsy, and anti-seizure medication intolerability. Despite this, depression and anxiety continue to be underrecognized and undertreated in people with epilepsy (PWE). Several barriers to the identification of depression and anxiety in PWE exist, including reliance on unstructured interviews rather than standardized, validated instruments. Moreover, there is a dearth of behavioral health providers to manage these comorbidities once identified. The use of validated screening instruments in epilepsy clinics can assist with both the identification of psychiatric symptoms and monitoring of treatment response by the epilepsy clinician for PWE with comorbid depression and/or anxiety. While screening instruments can identify psychiatric symptoms occurring within a specified time, they are not definitively diagnostic. Screeners can be time efficient tools to identify patients requiring further evaluation for diagnostic confirmation. This article reviews recent literature on the utility of depression and anxiety screening instruments in epilepsy care, including commonly used screening instruments, and provides solutions for potential barriers to clinical implementation. Validated depression and anxiety screening instruments can increase identification of depression and anxiety and guide epilepsy clinician management of these comorbidities which has the potential to positively impact patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Conner
- Department of Physician Assistant Studies, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27101, USA
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
| | - Milena Gandy
- The School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Heidi M Munger-Clary
- Department of Neurology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA
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Villanueva V, Artal J, Cabeza-Alvarez CI, Campos D, Castillo A, Flórez G, Franco-Martin M, García-Portilla MP, Giráldez BG, Gotor F, Gutiérrez-Rojas L, Albanell AM, Paniagua G, Pintor L, Poza JJ, Rubio-Granero T, Toledo M, Tortosa-Conesa D, Rodríguez-Uranga J, Bobes J. Proposed Recommendations for the Management of Depression in Adults with Epilepsy: An Expert Consensus. Neurol Ther 2023; 12:479-503. [PMID: 36692706 PMCID: PMC10043101 DOI: 10.1007/s40120-023-00437-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Experts agree that there is a need for protocols to guide health professionals on how to best manage psychiatric comorbidities in patients with epilepsy (PWE). We aimed to develop practical recommendations for key issues in the management of depression in PWE. METHODS This was a qualitative study conducted in four steps: (1) development of a questionnaire on the management of depression in PWE to be answered; (2) literature review and, if evidence from guidelines/consensus or systematic reviews was available, drafting initial recommendations; (3) a nominal group methodology for reviewing initial recommendations and formulating new recommendations on those issues without available evidence; and (4) drafting and approving the final recommendations. A scientific committee (one neurologist and one psychiatrist) was responsible for the development of the project and its scientific integrity. The scientific committee selected a panel of experts (nine neurologists and nine psychiatrists with experience in this field) to be involved in the nominal group meetings and to formulate final recommendations. RESULTS Fifteen recommendations were formulated. Four on the screening and diagnosis: screening and diagnosis of depression, evaluation of the risk of suicide, and diagnosis of depression secondary to epilepsy; nine on the management of depression: referral to a psychiatrist, selection of the antiseizure medication, change of antiseizure medication, antidepressant treatment initiation, selection of antidepressant, use of antidepressants during pregnancy, use of psychotherapy, antidepressant treatment duration, and discontinuation of antidepressant treatment; two on the follow-up: duration of the follow-up under usual conditions, and follow-up of patients at risk of suicide. CONCLUSION We provide recommendations based on expert opinion consensus to help healthcare professionals assess depression in PWE. The detection and treatment of major depressive disorders are key factors in improving epilepsy outcomes and avoiding suicide risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicente Villanueva
- Refractory Epilepsy Unit, Neurology Service, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico la Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Jesús Artal
- Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Av. de Valdecilla, 25, 39008, Santander, Spain.
| | | | - Dulce Campos
- Neurology Department, University Clinical Hospital of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain
| | - Ascensión Castillo
- Neurology Department, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Gerardo Flórez
- Psychiatry Department, Addiction Treatment Unit, Orense, Spain
| | - Manuel Franco-Martin
- Psychiatry Department, Zamora Hospital (Complejo Asistencial de Zamora), Zamora, Spain
| | - María Paz García-Portilla
- Psychiatry Department, University of Oviedo, ISPA, CIBERSAM, INEUROPA, and Mental Health Services of Principality of Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Beatriz G Giráldez
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Gotor
- Psychiatry Department, School of Medicine, University Hospital Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain
| | | | | | - Gonzalo Paniagua
- Psychiatry Department, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
- Mental Health Services of Principado de Asturias, SESPA, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Luis Pintor
- Psychiatry Department, Hospital Clínico of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan José Poza
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Donostia, Donostia, Spain
| | - Teresa Rubio-Granero
- Psychiatry Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Manuel Toledo
- Epilepsy Unit, Vall D'Hebron University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diego Tortosa-Conesa
- Neurology Department, Hospital Universitario Virgen de la Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | | | - Julio Bobes
- Medicine-Psychiatry, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
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Gillespie DC, Flewitt BI, Sacripante R, Burns V, Young L, Chin RF, Duncan SE. Questionnaire-based screening for mental distress in epilepsy: Outline and feasibility of an outpatient screening and intervention pathway. Epilepsy Behav 2023; 142:109085. [PMID: 36801165 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mental distress is present in a significant proportion of people with epilepsy (PWE), with a negative impact across life domains. It is underdiagnosed and under-treated despite guidelines recommending screening for its presence (e.g., SIGN, 2015). We describe a tertiary-care epilepsy mental distress screening and treatment pathway, with a preliminary investigation of its feasibility. METHODS We selected psychometric screening instruments for depression, anxiety, quality of life (QOL), and suicidality, establishing treatment options matched to instrument scores on the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9), along 'traffic light' lines. We determined feasibility outcomes including recruitment and retention rates, resources required to run the pathway, and level of psychological need. We undertook a preliminary investigation of change in distress scores over a 9-month interval and determined PWE engagement and the perceived usefulness of pathway treatment options. RESULTS Two-thirds of eligible PWE were included in the pathway with an 88% retention rate. At the initial screen, 45.8% of PWE required either an 'Amber-2' intervention (for moderate distress) or a 'Red' one (for severe distress). The equivalent figure at the 9-month re-screen was 36.8%, reflective of an improvement in depression and QOL scores. Online charity-delivered well-being sessions and neuropsychology were rated highly for engagement and perceived usefulness, but computerized cognitive behavioral therapy was not. The resources required to run the pathway were modest. CONCLUSION Outpatient mental distress screening and intervention are feasible in PWE. The challenge is to optimize methods for screening in busy clinics and to determine the best (and most acceptable) interventions for screening positive PWE.
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Affiliation(s)
- David C Gillespie
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian, UK; Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
| | - Bethany Iona Flewitt
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian, UK
| | - Riccardo Sacripante
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian, UK; Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | | | - Richard F Chin
- Muir Maxwell Epilepsy Centre, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK; Royal Hospital for Children and Young People, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Susan E Duncan
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, NHS Lothian, UK; Muir Maxwell Epilepsy Centre, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Telemedicine for Individuals with epilepsy: Recommendations from International League Against Epilepsy Telemedicine Task Force. Seizure 2023; 106:85-91. [PMID: 36803864 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2023.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Worldwide, People with Epilepsy (PWE) are confronted with several barriers to face-to-face consultations. These obstacles hamper appropriate clinical follow-up and also increase the treatment gap for Epilepsy. Telemedicine holds the potential to enhance management as follow-up visits for PWE are focused on more on clinical history and counselling rather than physical examination. Besides consultation, telemedicine can also be used for remote EEG diagnostics and tele-neuropsychology assessments. In this article, the Telemedicine Task Force of the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) outlines recommendations regarding optimal practice in utilizing in the management of individuals with epilepsy. We formulated recommendations for minimum technical requirements, preparing for the first tele-consultation and the specificities for follow-up consultations. Special considerations are necessary for specific populations, including paediatric patients, patients who are not conversant with tele-medicine and those with intellectual disability. Telemedicine for individuals with epilepsy should be vigorously promoted with the aim of improving the quality of care and ultimately reduce the wide clinician access related treatment gap across several regions of the globe.
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Michaelis R, Schlömer S, Popkirov S, Krämer G, Lindemann A, Cosentino M, Reuber M, Heinen G, Wellmer J, Grönheit W, Wehner T, Schlegel U, Scott AJ, Gandy M. German translation and validation of the brief Epilepsy Anxiety Survey Instrument (brEASI). Epilepsy Behav 2022; 134:108857. [PMID: 35907288 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety disorders remain undiagnosed in routine clinical practice in up to two thirds of affected patients with epilepsy despite their significant impact on medical and psychosocial outcomes. The study objective was to translate and validate the German 8-item "brief Epilepsy Anxiety Survey Instrument" (brEASI) to facilitate effective screening for the presence of anxiety disorders in German-speaking patients. METHODS After expert translation into German, the brEASI was completed by consecutive adult inpatients with epilepsy hospitalized for seizures at an academic reference epilepsy center. Patients also completed the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E), the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7) for external validity, and underwent a standardized interview (Mini-DIPS-OA) as a gold standard to determine the presence of an ICD-10 anxiety disorder (generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), panic disorder, agoraphobia, and social phobia). Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) were calculated to determine the diagnostic accuracy of the brEASI, including the associated area under the curve (AUC) statistics to determine the potential of the brEASI to identify ICD-10 anxiety disorders diagnosed by interview. For comparative purposes, these analyses were also conducted for the GAD-7. RESULTS Of 80 recruited adult inpatients with epilepsy, 18 (23 %) were found to have a current anxiety disorder through standardized interview. In this study, both brEASI and GAD-7 showed a better diagnostic performance at a cutoff of >5 than at the previously reported cutoff values of >6 and >9, respectively. The AUC of the German brEASI was outstanding (AUC = 0.90, 95 % confidence interval (CI) = 0.82-0.96) for detecting all anxiety disorders and excellent for detecting non-GAD disorders (AUC = 0.85, CI = 0.76-0.92) at a cutoff of >5. At this optimal cutoff of >5 the brEASI demonstrated better sensitivity and specificity (89 % and 84 %) for identifying anxiety disorders than the GAD-7 (83 % and 74 %). The final German version of the brEASI is free to download at https://www.v-neuro.de/veroeffentlichungen/. CONCLUSION The German version of the brEASI represents a valid and reliable epilepsy-specific anxiety screening instrument. A positive screening result should be followed by further diagnostic procedures. Appropriate therapeutic steps should be initiated if the presence of an anxiety disorder or other psychiatric disorders is confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Michaelis
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Faculty of Health, Witten/Herdecke University, Germany.
| | - Sabine Schlömer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Stoyan Popkirov
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | | | - Anja Lindemann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Ruhr-Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Maya Cosentino
- University Hospital of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Markus Reuber
- Academic Neurology Unit, University of Sheffield, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jörg Wellmer
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Ruhr-Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Wenke Grönheit
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Ruhr-Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tim Wehner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany; Ruhr-Epileptology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Uwe Schlegel
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Amelia J Scott
- The School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Milena Gandy
- The School of Psychological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Lin PT, Wiebe S, Chou CC, Lu YJ, Lin CF, Hsu SPC, Lee CC, Yu HY. Validation of the Taiwanese version of the Epilepsy Surgery Satisfaction Questionnaire (Tw-ESSQ-19). Epilepsy Behav 2022; 133:108768. [PMID: 35714564 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2022.108768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Satisfaction with epilepsy surgery in Mandarin-speaking countries remains unknown. We aimed to validate in our Taiwanese patients an existing instrument to measure patient satisfaction with epilepsy surgery, the 19-item Epilepsy Surgery Satisfaction Questionnaire (ESSQ-19). METHODS Consecutive patients with epilepsy who received epilepsy surgery one year earlier in Taipei Veterans General Hospital were recruited and provided clinical and demographic data. The Mandarin version of the ESSQ-19 for the Taiwanese population and eight other questionnaires were completed to assess construct validity. To evaluate the validity and reliability of the tool, the data were analyzed by confirmatory factor analysis, Spearman's rank correlation, and internal consistency analysis. RESULTS The study involved 120 patients (70 F/50 M, median age 35 years [IQR = 28-41]). The mean summary score (±SD) of the Tw-ESSQ-19 was 82.5 ± 14.5. The mean scores of the four domains were 90.3 ± 15.4 (surgical complications), 83.2 ± 16.7 (seizure control), 80.1 ± 17.3 (recovery from surgery), and 76.6 ± 18.3 (psychosocial functioning). The questionnaire was shown to have good construct validity with satisfactory goodness-of-fit of the data (standardized root mean square residual = 0.0492; comparative fit index = 0.946). It also demonstrated good discriminant validity (being seizure free [AUC 0.78; 95% CI 0.68-0.89], endorsing depression [AUC 0.84; 95% CI 0.76-0.91], self-rating epilepsy as disabling [AUC 0.71; 95% CI 0.58-0.84], and self-rating epilepsy as severe [AUC 0.78; 95% CI 0.64-0.93]), high internal consistency in four domains (Cronbach's alpha = 0.83-0.96), and no significant floor/ceiling effects of the summary score. SIGNIFICANCE The Mandarin version of the ESSQ-19 adapted for the Taiwanese population is a reliable and valid self-reported questionnaire for assessing patient satisfaction with epilepsy surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Tso Lin
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Samuel Wiebe
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada; O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Chien-Chen Chou
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jiun Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Fu Lin
- Institute of Brain Science, Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Sanford P C Hsu
- Institute of Brain Science, Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chia Lee
- Institute of Brain Science, Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yu Yu
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Brain Science, Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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14
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Tan JK, Khoo CS, Baharudin A, Tan HJ. Reply letter to "Are the self-administered questionnaires appropriate to uncover undiagnosed depression among people with epilepsy?". Epilepsy Res 2022; 181:106889. [PMID: 35182826 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2022.106889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juen Kiem Tan
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Ching Soong Khoo
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Azlin Baharudin
- Department of Psychiatry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Hui Jan Tan
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Wang M, Perera K, Josephson CB, Lamidi M, Lawal OA, Awosoga O, Roach P, Patten SB, Wiebe S, Sajobi TT. Association between antiseizure medications and quality of life in epilepsy: A mediation analysis. Epilepsia 2021; 63:440-450. [PMID: 34931300 DOI: 10.1111/epi.17153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The relationship between antiseizure medications (ASMs), which improve health outcomes by controlling seizures, and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is poorly understood and may involve intermediate variables. We evaluated the potential mediators of the association between ASMs and HRQOL. METHODS Data are from an outpatient registry of adult patients with epilepsy seen at the Foothills Medical Center, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Quality of life was measured using the 10-item Quality of Life in Epilepsy, and depression was measured using the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy. Propensity score matching was used to adjust for covariate imbalance between patients who received a single ASM (monotherapy) and those who received two or more ASMs (polytherapy) due to confounding. Mediation analysis was used to estimate the mediating effects of depression and ASM side effects on the association between patients' ASM polytherapy and HRQOL. RESULTS Of 778 patients included in this analysis, 274 (35.2%) were on two or more ASMs. Patient-reported depression and ASM side effects jointly mediated the association between ASMs and HRQOL; these mediators accounted for 42% of the total average effect of ASM polytherapy ( β = -13.6, 95% confidence interval = -18.2 to -8.6) on HRQOL. SIGNIFICANCE These findings highlight the importance of managing depression and ASM side effects for improving health outcomes of patients requiring treatment with ASMs. Intervention programs aimed at improving HRQOL of patients with epilepsy need to target these potential mediators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Department of Community Health Sciences and O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Kevin Perera
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Colin B Josephson
- Department of Community Health Sciences and O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Mubasiru Lamidi
- Department of Community Health Sciences and O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Oluwaseyi A Lawal
- Department of Community Health Sciences and O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Pamela Roach
- Department of Community Health Sciences and O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Family Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Scott B Patten
- Department of Community Health Sciences and O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Samuel Wiebe
- Department of Community Health Sciences and O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Tolulope T Sajobi
- Department of Community Health Sciences and O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Department of Clinical Neurosciences and Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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16
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Tan JK, Khoo CS, Beh HC, Hod R, Baharudin A, Yahya WNNW, Tan HJ. Prevalence and associated risk factors of undiagnosed depression among people with epilepsy in a multiethnic society. Epilepsy Res 2021; 178:106772. [PMID: 34763265 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2021.106772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 07/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Depression is the most frequent psychiatric comorbidity of epilepsy. However, clinicians often neglect to screen for depressive symptoms among patients with epilepsy and, therefore, fail to detect depression. Many studies have described the risks associated with depression in patients with epilepsy, but few studies have elaborated whether these risks are similar in those with undiagnosed depression, especially in a multiethnic community. METHODS In the present cross-sectional study conducted at a tertiary teaching hospital, we aimed to investigate the prevalence and associated risk factors of undiagnosed depression in patients with epilepsy. We recruited patients with epilepsy aged 18-65 years after excluding those with background illnesses that may have contributed to the depressive symptoms. In total, 129 participants were recruited. We collected their demographic and clinical details before interviewing them using two questionnaires-the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy and Beck's Depression Inventory-II. Subsequently, if a participant screened positive for depression, the diagnosis was confirmed using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders questionnaire, and a psychiatric clinic referral was offered. RESULTS Among the 129 participants, 9.3 % had undiagnosed major depressive disorder, and there was a female preponderance (66.7 %). The risk factors for undiagnosed depression among patients with epilepsy included low socioeconomic background (p = 0.026), generalized epilepsy (p = 0.036), and temporal lobe epilepsy (p = 0.010). Other variables such as being underweight and unmarried were more common among patients diagnosed with depression than without but no statistically significant relationship was found. CONCLUSION The prevalence of undiagnosed depression among patients with epilepsy was higher than that in population-based studies conducted in Western countries. Although questionnaires to screen for depression are widely available, some clinicians rarely use them and, therefore, fail to identify patients who may benefit from psychosocial support and treatment that would improve their disease outcomes and quality of life. The present study indicated that clinicians should use screening questionnaires to identify undiagnosed depression in people with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juen Kiem Tan
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ching Soong Khoo
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui Chien Beh
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Rozita Hod
- Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Azlin Baharudin
- Department of Psychiatry, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Wan Nur Nafisah Wan Yahya
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hui Jan Tan
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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Disability and life satisfaction in neurological disorders: The role of depression and perceived cognitive difficulties. Gen Hosp Psychiatry 2021; 73:16-23. [PMID: 34508992 DOI: 10.1016/j.genhosppsych.2021.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study assessed factors associated with disability and life satisfaction in a large cohort of 2246 Australian adults with neurological disorders who completed an online survey of mental health and wellbeing. It was hypothesised that depressive symptoms and perceived cognitive difficulties would be significantly associated with both outcomes, even after controlling for significant demographic/medical covariates (e.g., age, marital-status, employment, multi-morbidity, medication). Differences in profiles of four neurological subgroups (i.e., multiple sclerosis; n = 738, epilepsy; n = 672, Parkinson's disease; n = 263, and Acquired Bran Injury; n = 278) were explored. METHODS Multiple hierarchical linear regressions were run using cross-sectional data. RESULTS Depressive symptoms made a significant and large unique contribution to higher levels of disability (β = 0.333, p < .001), and poorer life satisfaction (β = -0.434, p < .001), in the overall sample and across all four neurological subgroups (β = 0.349 to 0.513, p < .001) Greater perceived cognitive difficulties were associated with disability in the overall sample (β = 0.318, p < .001) and across all neurological subgroups (β = 0.231 to 0.354, p < .001), but only life satisfaction in epilepsy (β = -0.107, p = 006). CONCLUSIONS The findings underscore the importance of managing psychological/neuropsychiatric comorbidities in neurological disorders.
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Jasionis A, Jasionytė G, Mameniškienė R. Tolerability of antiseizure medicines using Lithuanian version of the Liverpool Adverse Events Profile. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 124:108371. [PMID: 34757263 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop and validate a Lithuanian version of the Liverpool Adverse Events Profile (LT-LAEP), and to evaluate the main demographic, clinical, and pharmacological determinants of its score. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed the LT-LAEP and examined its psychometric properties. People with epilepsy (PWE) were asked to fill in the LT-LAEP, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale-7 (GAD-7), the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E), and a questionnaire addressing key demographic and clinical information. Antiseizure medicine (ASM) burden was expressed as a number of ASM and total drug load. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to determine the influence of various variables on LAEP results. RESULTS The data of 157 participants with the established diagnosis of epilepsy and stable ASM regimen were included in the final analysis. The mean LT-LAEP score was 48.72 ± 13.65. High internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.912) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.801) were demonstrated. The most common adverse effects (AEs) were tiredness (24.8%) and memory problems (23.6%). Lithuanian version of the Liverpool Adverse Events Profile score significantly correlated with NDDI-E (r = 0.635, p < 0.001) and GAD-7 (r = 0.640, p < 0.001) scores. The correlation between LT-LAEP score and total drug load was weak (r = 0.243, p = 0.002). The significant predictors of higher LT-LAEP score were female sex (β = -4.768, p = 0.003), higher seizure frequency (β = 4.757, p < 0.001), and higher NDDI-E (β = 1.457, p < 0.001) and GAD-7 scores (β = 0.610, p = 0.007) (F(4,152) = 43.975, R2 = 0.536, p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The LT-LAEP is a reliable and valid instrument for the evaluation of the AEs of ASM. A higher score of LT-LAEP is predicted by female sex, seizure frequency, and anxiety and depression levels rather than total drug load.
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Delgado-García G, Wiebe S, Josephson CB. The use of patient-reported measures in epilepsy care: the Calgary Comprehensive Epilepsy Program experience. J Patient Rep Outcomes 2021; 5:83. [PMID: 34636998 PMCID: PMC8505782 DOI: 10.1186/s41687-021-00356-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The regular use of patient-reported measures (PRMs) has been associated with greater patient satisfaction and outcomes. In this article, we will review the Calgary Comprehensive Epilepsy Program's successful experience with PRMs in both clinical and research settings, as well as our current challenges and future directions. Our experience will illustrate that is feasible and convenient to implement PRMs, and especially electronic PRMs (ePRMs), into epilepsy clinics. These PRMs have direct clinical and research applications. They inform clinical decision making through readily interpretable scales to which clinicians can expeditiously respond. Equally, they are increasingly forming an integral and central component of intervention and outcomes-based research. However, implementation studies are necessary to address knowledge gaps and facilitate adoption and dissemination of this approach. A natural symbiosis of the clinical and research realms is precision medicine. The foundations of precision-based interventions are now being set whereby we can maximize the quality of life and psychosocial functioning on an individual level. As illustrated in this article, this exciting prospect crucially depends on the routine use of ePRMs in the everyday care of people with epilepsy. Increasing ePRMs uptake will clearly be a catalyst propelling precision epilepsy from aspiration to clinical reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo Delgado-García
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, 1403 - 29 St NW, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo en Ciencias de la Salud (CIDICS), Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Mexico
| | - Samuel Wiebe
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, 1403 - 29 St NW, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.,Clinical Research Unit, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Colin B Josephson
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Foothills Medical Centre, University of Calgary, 1403 - 29 St NW, Calgary, AB, Canada. .,Department of Community Health Sciences, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. .,Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. .,O'Brien Institute for Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada. .,Centre for Health Informatics, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
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20
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Fox J, Wood MF, Phillips SE, Crudele A, Haas KF, Abou-Khalil BW, Sonmezturk HH. Enhanced rates of detection and treatment of depression and anxiety disorders among adult patients with epilepsy using automated EMR-based screening. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 123:108259. [PMID: 34418639 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Depression and anxiety disorders are common among patients with epilepsy (PWE). These comorbidities have been shown to influence prognosis and may have a greater impact on quality of life than seizure control. Despite guideline recommendations and expert consensus to regularly screen for and treat both conditions, there is evidence that they are underdiagnosed and undertreated. Our goal was to test a novel screening method to determine if it would increase the rate of detecting and treating depression and anxiety disorders among PWE. METHOD The Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E) and the Brief Epilepsy Anxiety Survey Instrument (brEASI) were selected as validated screening instruments for depression and anxiety disorders, respectively. They were sent via an electronic medical record-linked patient portal to all patients of four epileptologists 48 h prior to their clinic appointment. We evaluated whether this increased the rate of detecting and treating depression and anxiety disorders relative to a historical control group. RESULTS A total of 563 patients were included of whom 351 were sent the screening instruments. 62.7% of patients completed the screening instruments of whom 47.7% screened positive for either depression only (16.4%), anxiety disorders only (5.5%) or both (25.9%); a statistically significant increase relative to the control group. There was also a significantly increased proportion of patients for whom treatment was initiated for depression (p < 0.01), anxiety disorders (p < 0.01), or both (p < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS We identified an easily applicable and efficient means of enhancing detection and treatment rates for depression and anxiety disorders among PWE in a busy clinic setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonah Fox
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Mitchell F Wood
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Sharon E Phillips
- Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Angela Crudele
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Kevin F Haas
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Bassel W Abou-Khalil
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Hasan H Sonmezturk
- Department of Neurology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Schommer L, Streltzov N, Andrew A, Bujarski K. Factors associated with suicidal ideation in an epilepsy center in Northern New England. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 121:108009. [PMID: 34023812 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.108009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Suicidal ideation (SI), defined as thoughts and feelings of ending one's life, is a known risk factor for completed suicide. Although studies show that rates of SI are elevated in persons with epilepsy (PWE) compared to the general population, it is presently unclear how disease, social, and psychological factors contribute to its frequency and severity. With an overarching goal to develop a screening tool for suicide prevention, the objective of this study was to understand the rate, severity, and factors associated with SI in a large cohort of PWE. A generalized linear mixed model was used to test the relationship between changes in SI and disease, social, and psychological variables in 2450 PWE over a period of four years. The prevalence of SI was 23.6%. Associated disease factors included increased seizure frequency, severity, and recency. SI was impacted by employment status, but not by driving. Depression scores and aggression were highly associated with frequency and severity of SI. These findings highlight that disease, social, and psychological factors impact levels of SI in PWE and that screening for suicide prevention in PWE should include measures of such factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Schommer
- Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756, United States; Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, 1 Rope Ferry Rd, Hanover, NH 03755, United States.
| | - Nicholas Streltzov
- Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756, United States
| | - Angeline Andrew
- Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, 1 Rope Ferry Rd, Hanover, NH 03755, United States
| | - Krzysztof Bujarski
- Dartmouth Hitchcock Medical Center, One Medical Center Drive, Lebanon, NH 03756, United States
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22
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Gupta SK, Margolis SA, Grant AC, Gonzalez JS, Nakhutina L. Relationships among illness representations and depressive symptom severity in predominantly African-American and Caribbean-American people with epilepsy. Clin Neuropsychol 2021; 36:462-478. [PMID: 34027793 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2021.1923802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Depression is the most common psychiatric comorbidity among people with epilepsy (PWE) and tends to be more prevalent among people of color (POC) and those with intractable seizures. However, the extent to which illness-related perceptions are associated with depressive symptom severity among POC with intractable seizures is unclear. Method: This cross-sectional study examined relationships among illness representations and self-rated depressive symptoms in 55 PWE (M Age = 41; 61.8% female) with intractable seizures (M seizures per month = 2) who identified as Black/African-American (52.7%), Black/Caribbean-American (27.3%), and/or Hispanic/Latino (21.8%). Epilepsy-related illness perceptions were assessed with the Illness Perception Questionnaire-Revised and depression was measured via the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E). Results: Nearly half of the sample (41.8%) scored above the NDDI-E depression cut-off. PWE endorsing more severe depressive symptoms indicated that their epilepsy had more negative consequences, was hard to comprehend, was insufficiently controlled by treatment, and had a negative emotional impact (p's ≤ 0.02). Controlling for sex, these four illness representations accounted for 48% of the variance in depression severity. Interestingly, participants with probable major depressive episodes were more likely to endorse several psychological causes of seizures compared to non-depressed PWE. Conclusions: Worse depression symptom severity was associated with negative illness perceptions and a tendency to attribute one's epilepsy to psychological causes. Future research is needed to understand how the relationship between negative illness perceptions and depression symptoms unfold over time and whether interventions aimed at modifying illness representations reduce psychological distress in diverse PWE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sugandha K Gupta
- Graduate Center, City University of New York, Psychology, New York, NY, USA
| | - Seth A Margolis
- Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Arthur C Grant
- Downstate Medical Center, State University of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Gonzalez
- Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology, Yeshiva University, New York, NY, USA.,Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, NY, USA
| | - Luba Nakhutina
- Downstate Medical Center, State University of New York, New York, NY, USA
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23
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Batchelor R, Taylor MD. Young adults with epilepsy: Relationships between psychosocial variables and anxiety, depression, and suicidality. Epilepsy Behav 2021; 118:107911. [PMID: 33773441 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2021.107911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with epilepsy (PWE) are at an increased risk of anxiety, depression, and suicidality. Young adulthood is a critical developmental period which can be complicated by the unique challenges of having epilepsy. The risk factors of mental health difficulties in young adults with epilepsy (YAWE) have not been investigated. AIMS To examine the relationships between psychosocial variables (coping strategies and sources of social support) and mental health outcomes in YAWE, and determine whether these psychosocial variables independently predict mental health outcomes after controlling for sociodemographic and epilepsy-related factors. METHOD An online survey was completed by 144 YAWE (18-25-year-olds), which measured sociodemographic and epilepsy-related factors, coping strategies, sources of social support, and current mental health symptoms (anxiety, depression, and suicidality). RESULTS Avoidant-focused coping was positively correlated, and problem-focused coping and meaning-focused coping were negatively correlated, with symptoms of anxiety, depression, and suicidality. Social support from family, friends, and a special person all negatively correlated with mental health outcomes. Using multiple regression analyses, greater use of avoidant-focused coping strategies independently predicted higher symptoms of anxiety, depression, and suicidality. Greater support from friends independently predicted significantly lower anxiety and depression, whereas greater support from family independently predicted significantly lower suicidality. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS These findings have implications for clinical practice in YAWE and suggest that screening for mental health symptoms and psychosocial variables to identify those at risk would be beneficial. Access to tailored psychological support is also needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michelle D Taylor
- Royal Holloway, University of London, Surrey, UK; Health Psychology Research Limited (HPR Ltd.), 188 Egham High Street, Surrey, UK
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24
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Impact of Stress on Epilepsy: Focus on Neuroinflammation-A Mini Review. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084061. [PMID: 33920037 PMCID: PMC8071059 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy, one of the most common neurological disorders worldwide, is characterized by recurrent seizures and subsequent brain damage. Despite strong evidence supporting a deleterious impact on seizure occurrence and outcome severity, stress is an overlooked component in people with epilepsy. With regard to stressor duration and timing, acute stress can be protective in epileptogenesis, while chronic stress often promotes seizure occurrence in epilepsy patients. Preclinical research suggests that chronic stress promotes neuroinflammation and leads to a depressive state. Depression is the most common psychiatric comorbidity in people with epilepsy, resulting in a poor quality of life. Here, we summarize studies investigating acute and chronic stress as a seizure trigger and an important factor that worsens epilepsy outcomes and psychiatric comorbidities. Mechanistic insight into the impact of stress on epilepsy may create a window of opportunity for future interventions targeting neuroinflammation-related disorders.
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25
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Holper S, Foster E, Lloyd M, Rayner G, Rychkova M, Ali R, Winton-Brown TT, Velakoulis D, O'Brien TJ, Kwan P, Malpas CB. Clinical predictors of discordance between screening tests and psychiatric assessment for depressive and anxiety disorders among patients being evaluated for seizure disorders. Epilepsia 2021; 62:1170-1183. [PMID: 33735445 DOI: 10.1111/epi.16871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study was undertaken to identify factors that predict discordance between the screening instruments Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale (GAD-7), and diagnoses made by qualified psychiatrists among patients with seizure disorders. Importantly, this is not a validation study; rather, it investigates clinicodemographic predictors of discordance between screening tests and psychiatric assessment. METHODS Adult patients admitted for inpatient video-electroencephalographic monitoring completed eight psychometric instruments, including the NDDI-E and GAD-7, and psychiatric assessment. Patients were grouped according to agreement between the screening instrument and psychiatrists' diagnoses. Screening was "discordant" if the outcome differed from the psychiatrist's diagnosis, including both false positive and false negative results. Bayesian statistical analyses were used to identify factors associated with discordance. RESULTS A total of 411 patients met inclusion criteria; mean age was 39.6 years, and 55.5% (n = 228) were female. Depression screening was discordant in 33% of cases (n = 136/411), driven by false positives (n = 76/136, 56%) rather than false negatives (n = 60/136, 44%). Likewise, anxiety screening was discordant in one third of cases (n = 121/411, 29%) due to false positives (n = 60/121, 50%) and false negatives (n = 61/121, 50%). Seven clinical factors were predictive of discordant screening for both depression and anxiety: greater dissociative symptoms, greater patient-reported adverse events, subjective cognitive impairment, negative affect, detachment, disinhibition, and psychoticism. When the analyses were restricted to only patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) or epilepsy, the rate of discordant depression screening was higher in the PNES group (n = 29, 47%) compared to the epilepsy group (n = 70, 30%, Bayes factor for the alternative hypothesis = 4.65). SIGNIFICANCE Patients with seizure disorders who self-report a variety of psychiatric and other symptoms should be evaluated more thoroughly for depression and anxiety, regardless of screening test results, especially if they have PNES and not epilepsy. Clinical assessment by a qualified psychiatrist remains essential in diagnosing depressive and anxiety disorders among such patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Holper
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Prahran, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Emma Foster
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Prahran, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Lloyd
- Department of Psychiatry, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Genevieve Rayner
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Prahran, Victoria, Australia.,Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maria Rychkova
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Prahran, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Rashida Ali
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Prahran, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Toby T Winton-Brown
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Psychiatry, Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Dennis Velakoulis
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Terence J O'Brien
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Prahran, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Patrick Kwan
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Prahran, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Charles B Malpas
- Department of Neurology, Alfred Health, Prahran, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Neurology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.,Clinical Outcomes Research Unit, Department of Medicine, Royal Melbourne Hospital, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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26
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Validation of the Russian version of neurological disorders depression inventory for epilepsy (NDDI-E). Epilepsy Behav 2020; 113:107549. [PMID: 33246233 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2020.107549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To translate and validate the English version of the Neurologic Depression Disorders Inventory in Epilepsy (NDDI-E) into the Russian language as an instrument for rapid detection of major depressive episodes (MDE) for patients with epilepsy (PWE) from Russian Federation. METHODS One hundred and 75 consecutive PWE were included in the study. All patients were assessed with Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI 6.0.0), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and the Russian version of NDDI-E. Chi-square, Fisher's exact and Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare PWE with and without MDE. We analyzed internal structural validity, external validity, and receiver operator characteristics. RESULTS None of the participants had any difficulties in understanding the questions of NDDI-E. The internal consistency of the inventory was satisfactory (Cronbach's ά = 0.856). Correlation between the NDDI-E and the HADS scores was moderate (r = 0.64, P < 0.001), indicating acceptable external validity. NDDI showed good capacity to detect MDE, with area under the curve of 0.919 (95% CI = 0.868-0.955; standard error: 0.019; P < 0.001). An optimal cut-off point with the highest Yuden's index (J = 0.699) was > 12. At this point NDDI-E showed sensitivity of 88.16% (95% CI = 78.7%-94.4%), specificity of 81.82% (95% CI = 72.8%-88.9%), positive predictive value of 59.3% (95% CI = 48.8%-69.0%), negative predictive value of 95.8% (95% CI = 92.5%-97.7%). CONCLUSION Russian version of NDDI-E is an affordable and fast screening tool with a good combination of sensitivity and specificity.
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27
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Shih YC, Chou CC, Lu YJ, Chou YH, Yu HY. Reliability and validity of the Taiwanese version of the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (Tw-NDDI-E). Seizure 2020; 81:53-57. [PMID: 32745948 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2020.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Depression is the most commonly seen psychiatric co-morbidity of epilepsy. Depression in patients with epilepsy (PWE) is underrecognized. The Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E) is a useful tool to screen for major depressive episodes (MDEs) in PWE. This study validated the Taiwanese version of the NDDI-E using data from adult PWE in our hospital. METHOD PWE were recruited from the Taipei Veterans General Hospital from April 2017 to December 2019. The Chinese version of the NDDI-E for the Taiwanese population and the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) were completed as part of the self-rated psychiatric assessments. The mood disorder module of the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) was completed as part of the psychiatric assessment before the self-rated assessment. Internal consistency, external validation, and receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis were used to assess the utility of the Taiwanese version of the NDDI-E. RESULTS We recruited 109 patients during the 33-month study period. The mean age was 33.1 ± 8.94 years old. The mean NDDI-E score was 12.32 ± 4.96. The mean BDI-II score was 13.26 ± 12.77. All NDDI-E items were significantly positively associated with the corrected overall NDDI-E score (Cronbach's alpha = 0.902, r = 0.825, p < 0.0001). The cut-off point for the NDDI-E determined with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis is 15 (sensitivity = 85.0%, specificity = 87.64%). CONCLUSION The Chinese version of the NDDI-E adapted for the Taiwanese population is a reliable and valid self-reported questionnaire for detecting MDE in Taiwanese PWE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Cheng Shih
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Centre, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Chen Chou
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Centre, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Jiun Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yuan-Hwa Chou
- Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Yu Yu
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Centre, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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28
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Liu X, Chen H, Zheng X. Effects of seizure frequency, depression and generalized anxiety on suicidal tendency in people with epilepsy. Epilepsy Res 2020; 160:106265. [PMID: 31981793 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The highest risk of suicide was identified among patients diagnosed with both epilepsy and comorbid psychiatric disease. The most common comorbid psychiatric conditions of epilepsy are anxiety and depression. This study examines whether and how seizure frequency, depression and generalized anxiety interact to influence suicidal tendency. METHODS A consecutive cohort of PWE was recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. Each patient completed the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy scale[NDDI-E], the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and the suicidality module of Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview(MINI) v.5.0.0. Spearman's correlation and moderated mediation analysis were used to examine the associations among seizure frequency, depression, generalized anxiety and suicidal tendency. RESULTS Seizure frequency was positively associated with suicidal tendency. Depression severity partially mediated the relationship between seizure frequency and suicidal tendency. The indirect effect of seizure frequency on suicidal tendency was positive, and accounted for 50.2 % of the total effect of seizure frequency on suicidal tendency. The indirect effect of seizure frequency on suicidal tendency through depression severity was positively moderated by generalized anxiety severity. CONCLUSIONS Reducing seizure frequency may be the basis of suicide prevention in PWE. At the same time, the effect of seizure frequency on suicidal tendency can be partially explained by the mediation of depression severity, and the magnitude of the indirect effect of seizure frequency on suicidal tendency was contingent upon generalized anxiety severity. In addition to depression severity, generalized anxiety severity also exerts an important effect on suicidal tendency in PWE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Yixueyuan Rd. Yuzhong District, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongnian Chen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Yixueyuan Rd. Yuzhong District, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, NO.1 Yixueyuan Rd. Yuzhong District, 400016, Chongqing, China.
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29
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Silagadze K, Kasradze S, Silagadze T, Lomidze G. Validation of a Georgian version of the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E). Epilepsy Behav 2019; 101:106587. [PMID: 31698261 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.106587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to validate a Georgian version of the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E). The distribution of psychiatric disorders was assessed among patients with epilepsy. METHODS One hundred and thirty consecutive adult patients with epilepsy completed the NDDI-E and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). All patients were further assessed by a qualified psychiatrist. RESULTS In 31 (23.8%) patients, a diagnosis of major depression was revealed. The internal consistency of the NDDI-E was 0.695. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) showed an area under the curve of 0.975. A cutoff score of ≥16 resulted in a sensitivity of 0.90 and a specificity of 0.939. The screening questionnaire showed a significantly positive correlation with BDI scores (Spearman's rho - 0.684), indicating good concurrent validity. DISCUSSION The Georgian version of the NDDI-E is a reliable tool for the detection of depressive disorders in individuals with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ketevan Silagadze
- Institute of Neurology and Neuropsychology, 83/11 Vaja-Pshavela Ave., 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia; Tbilisi State Medical University, 33 Vaja-Pshavela Ave., 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Sofia Kasradze
- Caucasus International University, 73 Chargali Str., 0141 Tbilisi, Georgia; Institute of Neurology and Neuropsychology, 83/11 Vaja-Pshavela Ave., 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Teimuraz Silagadze
- Tbilisi State Medical University, 33 Vaja-Pshavela Ave., 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Giorgi Lomidze
- Caucasus International University, 73 Chargali Str., 0141 Tbilisi, Georgia; Institute of Neurology and Neuropsychology, 83/11 Vaja-Pshavela Ave., 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia.
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30
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Viellard M, Villeneuve N, Milh M, Lépine A, Micoulaud-Franchi JA, McGonigal A. Screening for depression in youth with epilepsy: Psychometric analysis of NDDI-E-Y and NDDI-E in a French population. Epilepsy Behav 2019; 98:19-26. [PMID: 31299528 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Revised: 06/08/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to evaluate the Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory-Epilepsy (NDDI-E) for Youth (NDDI-E-Y) for screening for major depressive disorder (MDD) in French youth with epilepsy (YWE), in order to (1) validate this tool in a separate population; (2) determine whether the 12-item NDDI-E-Y affords advantages over the 6-item adult NDDI-E; (3) measure psychometric performance of each item. METHODS Youth with epilepsy aged 11-17 years completed a 15-item questionnaire to calculate total scores for NDDI-E-Y (12 items) and NDDI-E (6 items). Gold standard for MDD was Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) analyses for total NDDI-E-Y and NDDI-E scores were compared. Psychometric properties of each item were analyzed for: floor/ceiling effect, item-internal consistency, and ROC curve. RESULTS Ninety-seven YWE were included; 21.6% had MDD (CDI > 15). Correlation was very high between total NDDI-E-Y and NDDI-E scores, and high between NDDI-E-Y and CDI. Cutoff point for the NDDI-E-Y maximizing both sensitivity and specificity was 23 (original study cutoff 32). The ROC analysis of the NDDI-E-Y showed an area under the curve (AUC) 0.967 (95% confidence intervals [CI] 0.909-0.992); (p < 0.0001). Sensitivity, specificity, and positive (PPV) and negative predictive values (NPV) were 100% [83.9; 100], 82.9% [72.5; 90.6], 61.8 [43.6; 77.8], and 100% [94.3; 100], respectively. The NDDI-E-Y was not superior to NDDI-E according to pairwise comparison of ROC (p = 0.07). Psychometric analysis revealed marked differences between items. After eliminating items with poorer performance, a 6-item version of the NDDI-E-Y showed sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV of 100% [85.5; 100], 85.5% [75.6; 92.5], 65.6 [46.8; 81.4], and 100% [94.5; 100], respectively. This was significantly better than the adult NDDI-E (p = 0.03) though not NDDI-E-Y (p = 0.07). SIGNIFICANCE Significant difference in cutoff indicates that the NDDI-E-Y cannot yet be recommended for widespread screening of MDD in YWE. Discrepancies in psychometric performance between items suggest that further work is needed to examine both validation of the original 12-item NDDI-E-Y and comparison with a shorter version.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marine Viellard
- AP-HM, CHU Sainte Marguerite, Service de Psychiatrie de l'enfant, Marseille 13009, France; Centre de Référence Epilepsies Rares de Marseille, France
| | - Nathalie Villeneuve
- AP-HM, CHU Sainte Marguerite, Service de Psychiatrie de l'enfant, Marseille 13009, France; Centre de Référence Epilepsies Rares de Marseille, France; AP-HM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service de Neurologie pédiatrique, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Mathieu Milh
- Centre de Référence Epilepsies Rares de Marseille, France; AP-HM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service de Neurologie pédiatrique, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Anne Lépine
- Centre de Référence Epilepsies Rares de Marseille, France; AP-HM, Hôpital de la Timone, Service de Neurologie pédiatrique, Marseille 13005, France
| | - Jean-Arthur Micoulaud-Franchi
- Service d'explorations fonctionnelles du système nerveux, Clinique du sommeil, CHU de Bordeaux, Place Amélie Raba-Léon, 33076 Bordeaux, France; USR CNRS 3413 SANPSY, CHU Pellegrin, Université de Bordeaux, France
| | - Aileen McGonigal
- Centre de Référence Epilepsies Rares de Marseille, France; Aix Marseille Univ, Inserm, INS, Institut de Neurosciences des Systèmes, Marseille, France; Service de Neurophysiologie Clinique, CHU Timone, APHM, 13005 Marseille, France.
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31
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Rashid H, Katyal J, Tripathi M, Sood M, Gupta YK. Validation of the Indian version of Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E). Epilepsy Behav 2019; 95:75-78. [PMID: 31026787 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.03.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Neurological Disorders Depression Inventory for Epilepsy (NDDI-E) is an efficient tool for rapid detection of depression, an important comorbid condition in persons with epilepsy (PWE). Since social and cultural differences can potentially affect the cutoff score of NDDI-E, in this study, the reliability and validity of the Indian version of the NDDI-E in PWE was determined. METHOD After ethical clearance, 217 PWE above 18 years of age, on antiepileptic drugs (AEDs), attending neurology outpatient department (OPD) of All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), New Delhi, India, were evaluated for depression using the NDDI-E (Indian version) and Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI-Module A, version 6.0.0) as reference standard. Informed consent was taken before recruitment. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis and Cronbach's α, a measure of the internal consistency and reliability, were carried out to validate cutoff and questionnaire, respectively. RESULTS Of the 217 PWE (112 males/105 females), mean age of 28.6 ± 9.4 years, with generalized (69.1%) or focal seizures (30.9%), 41.5% and 10.6% were diagnosed with depression using MINI and NDDI-E Indian version (at cutoff >15), respectively. However, at a cutoff score of >11, the Indian version of NDDI-E had a sensitivity of 96.67%, a specificity of 84.25%, a positive predictive value of 81.31%, and a negative predictive value of 97.27%. ROC analysis showed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.9547 (confidence interval (CI) 95% = 0.929-0.979; standard error (SE): 0.0127). With the Indian version of NDDI-E, the Cronbach's α value was 0.877. CONCLUSION A periodic assessment of PWE using a quickly administrable and reliable tool for screening depression is highly desirable given the high incidence. In the Indian population with a cutoff of >11, NDDI-E is a reliable and valid instrument to screen depression in PWE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroon Rashid
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Jatinder Katyal
- Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India.
| | - Manjari Tripathi
- Department of Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Mamta Sood
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India
| | - Yogendra K Gupta
- Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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