1
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Wang T, Zhang Y, Wu J, Feng H, Wang R, Yuan H. Association of genetic variants of CircCHST15 with oral squamous cell carcinoma in the Chinese Han population. Head Neck 2023; 45:806-815. [PMID: 36608057 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common cancer in the oral cavity. The relationship between the genetic susceptibility of circCHST15 and OSCC remains unclear. METHODS Genetic variants of circCHST15 were screened using a genotyping analysis from 1044 patients with OSCC and 3199 healthy participants. The circCHST15 expression was detected in 32 pairs of OSCC tissues. The circular RNA quantitative trait locus analysis and the reporter gene assay were performed for verification. RESULTS The circCHST15 expression was upregulated in OSCC (Wilcoxon p < 1e-3). The genotyping analysis screened out 61 loci in circCHST15 associated with the risk of OSCC. After adjustment and annotation, rs28707473 (A > C, odds ratio = 1.21, 95% CI: 1.076-1.361, p = 1.453e-3) was selected. This genetic variation could elevate the circCHST15 expression level possibly by altering the structure of circular RNAs and affecting transcription factor binding. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggested that genetic variants of circCHST15 may contribute to OSCC susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianxiao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yehao Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jia Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hongjie Feng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ruixia Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hua Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center of Stomatological Translational Medicine, Nanjing, China
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2
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Li T, Wu Y, Chen WC, Xue X, Suo MJ, Li P, Sheng W, Huang GY. Functional analysis of HECA variants identified in congenital heart disease in the Chinese population. J Clin Lab Anal 2022; 36:e24649. [PMID: 35949005 PMCID: PMC9459261 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.24649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a class of cardiovascular defects that includes septal defects, outflow tract abnormalities, and valve defects. Human homolog of Drosophila headcase (HECA) is a novel cell cycle regulator whose role in CHD has not been elucidated. This is the first study to determine the frequency of HECA mutations in patients with CHD and the association between HECA variants and CHD. Methods In this study, we identified a candidate gene, HECA, by whole‐exome sequencing of an atrial septal defect family. To investigate the association between HECA variants and CHD risk, targeted exon sequencing was conducted in 689 individuals with sporadic CHD. We further analyzed the effect of HECA gene abnormalities on cardiomyocyte phenotype behavior and related signaling pathways by Western blotting, reverse transcription‐quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and scratch assay. Results We found a novel de novo mutation, c.409_410insA (p. W137fs), in the HECA gene and identified five rare deleterious variants that met the filtering criteria in 689 individuals with sporadic CHD. Fisher's exact test revealed a significant association between HECA variations and CHD compared with those in gnomADv2‐East Asians(p = 0.0027). Further functional analysis suggested that the variant p. W137fs resulted in a deficiency of the normal HECA protein, and HECA deficiency altered AC16 cell cycle progression, increased cell proliferation, and migration, and promoted the activation of the PDGF‐BB/PDGFRB/AKT pathway. Conclusions Our study identified HECA and its six rare variants, expanding the spectrum of genes associated with CHD pathogenesis in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Wu
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei-Cheng Chen
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing Xue
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai, China
| | - Mei-Jiao Suo
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai, China
| | - Ping Li
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Sheng
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai, China
| | - Guo-Ying Huang
- Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Birth Defects, Shanghai, China.,Research Unit of Early Intervention of Genetically Related Childhood Cardiovascular Diseases(2018RU002), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China
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3
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Venet D, Rediti M, Maetens M, Fumagalli D, Brown DN, Majjaj S, Salgado R, Pusztai L, Harbeck N, El-Abed S, Wang Y, Saura C, Gomez H, Semiglazov VF, de Azambuja E, Huober J, Nuciforo P, Di Cosimo S, Piccart M, Loi S, Rothé F, Sotiriou C. Copy Number Aberration Analysis to Predict Response to Neoadjuvant Anti-HER2 Therapy: Results from the NeoALTTO Phase III Clinical Trial. Clin Cancer Res 2021; 27:5607-5618. [PMID: 34321278 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-1317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The heterogeneity of response to anti-HER2 agents represents a major challenge in patients with HER2-positive breast cancer. To better understand the sensitivity and resistance to trastuzumab and lapatinib, we investigated the role of copy number aberrations (CNA) in predicting pathologic complete response (pCR) and survival outcomes in the NeoALTTO trial. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN The neoadjuvant phase III NeoALTTO trial enrolled 455 patients with HER2-positive early-stage breast cancer. DNA samples from 269 patients were assessed for genome-wide copy number profiling. Recurrent CNAs were found with GISTIC2.0. RESULTS CNA estimates were obtained for 184 patients included in NeoALTTO. Among those, matched transcriptome and whole-exome data were available for 154 and 181 patients, respectively. A significant association between gene copy number and pCR was demonstrated for ERBB2 amplification. Nevertheless, ERBB2 amplification ceased to be predictive once ERBB2 expression level was considered. GISTIC2.0 analysis revealed 159 recurrent CNA regions. Lower copy number levels of the 6q23-24 locus predicted absence of pCR in the whole cohort and in the estrogen receptor-positive subgroup. 6q23-24 deletion was significantly more frequent in TP53 wild-type (WT) compared with TP53-mutated, resulting in copy number levels significantly associated with lack of pCR only in the TP53 WT subgroup. Interestingly, a gene-ontology analysis highlighted several immune processes correlated to 6q23-24 copy number. CONCLUSIONS Our analysis identified ERBB2 copy number as well as 6q23-24 CNAs as predictors of response to anti-HER2-based treatment. ERBB2 expression outperformed ERBB2 amplification. The complexity of the 6q23-24 region warrants further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Venet
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory J.-C. Heuson, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mattia Rediti
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory J.-C. Heuson, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marion Maetens
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory J.-C. Heuson, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium.,Department of Oncology, Laboratory for Translational Breast Cancer Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - David N Brown
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory J.-C. Heuson, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium.,Center for Molecular Oncology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York
| | - Samira Majjaj
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory J.-C. Heuson, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Roberto Salgado
- Department of Pathology, GZA-ZNA Ziekenhuizen, Antwerp, Belgium.,Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Lajos Pusztai
- Breast Medical Oncology, Yale Cancer Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Nadia Harbeck
- Breast Center, Dept OB&GYN and CCC Munich, LMU University Hospital, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Yingbo Wang
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals AG, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Henry Gomez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Neoplasicas, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Evandro de Azambuja
- Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Jens Huober
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Breast Center, Cantonal Hospital St Gallen, St Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Paolo Nuciforo
- Molecular Oncology Group, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Serena Di Cosimo
- Department of Applied Research and Technological Development, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milano, Italy
| | - Martine Piccart
- Department of Medical Oncology, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Sherene Loi
- Division of Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Françoise Rothé
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory J.-C. Heuson, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium
| | - Christos Sotiriou
- Breast Cancer Translational Research Laboratory J.-C. Heuson, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (U.L.B.), Brussels, Belgium.
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4
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Giannios P, Casanova J. Systemic and local effect of the Drosophila headcase gene and its role in stress protection of Adult Progenitor Cells. PLoS Genet 2021; 17:e1009362. [PMID: 33556132 PMCID: PMC7895379 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1009362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
During the development of a holometabolous insect such as Drosophila, specific group of cells in the larva survive during metamorphosis, unlike the other larval cells, and finally give rise to the differentiated adult structures. These cells, also known as Adult Progenitor Cells (APCs), maintain their multipotent capacity, differentially respond to hormonal and nutritional signals, survive the intrinsic and environmental stress and respond to the final differentiation cues. However, not much is known about the specific molecular mechanisms that account for their unique characteristics. Here we show that a specific Drosophila APC gene, headcase (hdc), has a dual role in the normal development of these cells. It acts at a systemic level by controlling the hormone ecdysone in the prothoracic gland and at the same time it acts locally as a tissue growth suppressor in the APC clusters, where it modulates the activity of the TOR pathway and promotes their survival by contributing in the regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response. We also show that hdc provides protection against stress in the APCs and that its ectopic expression in cells that do not usually express hdc can confer these cells with an additional stress protection. Hdc is the founding member of a group of homolog proteins identified from C. elegans to humans, where has been found associated with cancer progression. The finding that the Drosophila hdc is specifically expressed in progenitor cells and that it provides protection against stress opens up a new hypothesis to be explored regarding the role of the human Heca and its contribution to carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Giannios
- Institut de Biologia Molecular de Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Casanova
- Institut de Biologia Molecular de Barcelona (CSIC), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Biomèdica de Barcelona, (IRB Barcelona), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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5
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Li N, Liu Q, Xiong Y, Yu J. Headcase and Unkempt Regulate Tissue Growth and Cell Cycle Progression in Response to Nutrient Restriction. Cell Rep 2020; 26:733-747.e3. [PMID: 30650363 PMCID: PMC6350942 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.12.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 11/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutrient restriction (NR) decreases the incidence and growth of many types of tumors, yet the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood. In this study, we identified Headcase (Hdc) and Unkempt (Unk) as two NR-specific tumor suppressor proteins that form a complex to restrict cell cycle progression and tissue growth in response to NR in Drosophila. Loss of Hdc or Unk does not confer apparent growth advantage under normal nutrient conditions but leads to accelerated cell cycle progression and tissue overgrowth under NR. Hdc and Unk bind to the TORC1 component Raptor and preferentially regulate S6 phosphorylation in a TORC1-dependent manner. We further show that HECA and UNK, the human counterparts of Drosophila Hdc and Unk, respectively, have a conserved function in regulating S6 phosphorylation and tissue growth. The identification of Hdc and Unk as two NR-specific tumor suppressors provides insight into molecular mechanisms underlying the anti-tumorigenic effects of NR. The molecular mechanisms underlying nutrient restriction resistance remain unclear. Li et al. find that Hdc and Unk function in the mTOR signaling pathway to restrict tissue growth and cell cycle progression in response to nutrient restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naren Li
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Qinfang Liu
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Yulan Xiong
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
| | - Jianzhong Yu
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University College of Veterinary Medicine, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA.
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6
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Son HJ, Choi EJ, Yoo NJ, Lee SH. Mutational and expressional alterations of a candidate tumor suppressor HECA gene in gastric and colorectal cancers. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:152896. [PMID: 32088090 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.152896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Ji Son
- Departments of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Choi
- Departments of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Jin Yoo
- Departments of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sug Hyung Lee
- Departments of Pathology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea; Cancer Research Institute, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Headcase is a Repressor of Lamellocyte Fate in Drosophila melanogaster. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10030173. [PMID: 30841641 PMCID: PMC6470581 DOI: 10.3390/genes10030173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2018] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Due to the evolutionary conservation of the regulation of hematopoiesis, Drosophila provides an excellent model organism to study blood cell differentiation and hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) maintenance. The larvae of Drosophila melanogaster respond to immune induction with the production of special effector blood cells, the lamellocytes, which encapsulate and subsequently kill the invader. Lamellocytes differentiate as a result of a concerted action of all three hematopoietic compartments of the larva: the lymph gland, the circulating hemocytes, and the sessile tissue. Within the lymph gland, the communication of the functional zones, the maintenance of HSC fate, and the differentiation of effector blood cells are regulated by a complex network of signaling pathways. Applying gene conversion, mutational analysis, and a candidate based genetic interaction screen, we investigated the role of Headcase (Hdc), the homolog of the tumor suppressor HECA in the hematopoiesis of Drosophila. We found that naive loss-of-function hdc mutant larvae produce lamellocytes, showing that Hdc has a repressive role in effector blood cell differentiation. We demonstrate that hdc genetically interacts with the Hedgehog and the Decapentaplegic pathways in the hematopoietic niche of the lymph gland. By adding further details to the model of blood cell fate regulation in the lymph gland of the larva, our findings contribute to the better understanding of HSC maintenance.
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8
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Zhou L, Chen D, Huang XM, Long F, Cai H, Yao WX, Chen ZC, Liao ZJ, Deng ZZ, Tan S, Shan YL, Cai W, Wang YG, Yang RH, Jiang N, Peng T, Hong MF, Lu ZQ. Wnt5a Promotes Cortical Neuron Survival by Inhibiting Cell-Cycle Activation. Front Cell Neurosci 2017; 11:281. [PMID: 29033786 PMCID: PMC5626855 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2017.00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
β-Amyloid protein (Aβ) is thought to cause neuronal loss in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Aβ treatment promotes the re-activation of a mitotic cycle and induces rapid apoptotic death of neurons. However, the signaling pathways mediating cell-cycle activation during neuron apoptosis have not been determined. We find that Wnt5a acts as a mediator of cortical neuron survival, and Aβ42 promotes cortical neuron apoptosis by downregulating the expression of Wnt5a. Cell-cycle activation is mediated by the reduced inhibitory effect of Wnt5a in Aβ42 treated cortical neurons. Furthermore, Wnt5a signals through the non-canonical Wnt/Ca2+ pathway to suppress cyclin D1 expression and negatively regulate neuronal cell-cycle activation in a cell-autonomous manner. Together, aberrant downregulation of Wnt5a signaling is a crucial step during Aβ42 induced cortical neuron apoptosis and might contribute to AD-related neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Clinical Medicine of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Di Chen
- Laboratory of Viral Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute of Immunology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu-Ming Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation, The First Affiliated Hospital of Clinical Medicine of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei Long
- Laboratory of Viral Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute of Immunology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Cai
- Laboratory of Viral Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute of Immunology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wen-Xia Yao
- Laboratory of Viral Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute of Immunology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhong-Cheng Chen
- Department of Laboratory, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | | | - Zhe-Zhi Deng
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sha Tan
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi-Long Shan
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Cai
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Ge Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ri-Hong Yang
- Department of Pathology, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tao Peng
- Laboratory of Viral Immunology, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sino-French Hoffmann Institute of Immunology, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming-Fan Hong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Clinical Medicine of Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng-Qi Lu
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Nakamoto Y. Promising new strategies for hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatol Res 2017; 47:251-265. [PMID: 27558453 DOI: 10.1111/hepr.12795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 08/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common causes of cancer death worldwide. It usually arises based on a background of chronic liver diseases, defined as the hypercarcinogenic state. The current treatment options for HCC ranging from locoregional treatments to chemotherapies, including sorafenib, effectively regulate the limited sizes and numbers of the nodules. However, these treatments remain unsatisfactory because they have insufficient antitumor effects on the large and numerous nodules associated with HCC and because of a high recurrence rate in the surrounding inflamed liver. To develop novel and promising therapies with higher antitumor effects, recent progress in identifying molecular targets and developing immunological procedures for HCC are reviewed. The molecular targets discussed include the intracellular signaling pathways of protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin and RAS/RAF/mitogen-activated protein kinase, Wnt/β-catenin and glutamine synthetase, insulin-like growth factor, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3, nuclear factor-κB and telomerase reverse transcriptase, and c-MET. Immunological studies have focused mainly on target identification, T cells, natural killer cells, dendritic cells, natural killer T cells, and vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasunari Nakamoto
- Second Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
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10
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Wang J, Gong L, Zhu SJ, Zhu Q, Yao L, Han XJ, Zhang JR, Li YH, Zhang W. The Human Homolog of Drosophila Headcase Acts as a Tumor Suppressor through Its Blocking Effect on the Cell Cycle in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0137579. [PMID: 26356417 PMCID: PMC4565651 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0137579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is heterogeneous and extremely complex. Thus, for individual molecular targeted therapy, novel molecular markers are needed. The abnormal expression of the human homolog of Drosophila headcase (HECA homo) has been found in pancreatic, colorectal, and oral squamous cell carcinoma. Studies of oral squamous cell carcinoma have also demonstrated that the HECA homo protein can be negatively controlled by the Wnt-pathway and transcription factor 4 (TCF4) and can slow cell division by interacting with cyclins and CDKs. However, the role of HECA in HCC has not been reported elsewhere. Here, immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the downregulation of HECA homo protein occurred in 71.0% (66/93) of HCC cases and was positively correlated with a poorly differentiated grade, high serum AFP level, liver cirrhosis and large tumor size. The expression of HECA homo was detected in five live cell lines. In vitro, the overexpression of HECA homo in HepG2, Huh-7 and MHCC-97H cells could inhibit cell proliferation and colony formation and induce G1 phase arrest. In contrast, the downregulation of HECA homo could promote cell proliferation, colony formation and the cell cycle process. However, neither the overexpression nor downregulation of HECA homo in the three cell lines could affect cell migration or invasion. Collectively, HECA homo is regularly expressed in normal live cells, and the HECA homo protein level is heterogeneously altered in HCC, but the downregulation of HECA homo is more common and positively correlated with several malignant phenotypes. The HECA homo protein can slow cell proliferation to some extent primarily through its blocking effect on the cell cycle. Hence, the HECA homo protein may act as a tumor suppressor in HCC and might be a potential molecular marker for diagnostic classification and targeted therapy in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- The Helmholtz Sino-German Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Pathology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Gong
- The Helmholtz Sino-German Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Pathology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shao-Jun Zhu
- The Helmholtz Sino-German Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Pathology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qiao Zhu
- The Helmholtz Sino-German Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Pathology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Yao
- The Helmholtz Sino-German Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Pathology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiu-Juan Han
- The Helmholtz Sino-German Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Pathology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia-Rui Zhang
- The Helmholtz Sino-German Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Pathology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan-Hong Li
- The Helmholtz Sino-German Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Pathology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (WZ); (Y-HL)
| | - Wei Zhang
- The Helmholtz Sino-German Laboratory for Cancer Research, Department of Pathology, Tangdu Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- * E-mail: (WZ); (Y-HL)
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11
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Wang Z, Ma LJ, Kang Y, Li X, Zhang XJ. Dickkopf-3 (Dkk3) induces apoptosis in cisplatin-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cells via the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Oncol Rep 2015; 33:1097-106. [PMID: 25573172 DOI: 10.3892/or.2014.3704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that Dickkopf‑3 (Dkk3) is inactivated in lung cancer cells, while the inactivation of the Wnt/β‑catenin signaling pathway by Dkk3 inhibits lung cancer progression. In the present study, we investigated whether Dkk3 enhances the sensitivity of lung cancer cells to cisplatin. A549, Calu1 and H460 lung adenocarcinoma cell lines were transfected with DKK3 siRNA, while the cisplatin‑resistant subline A549cis was transfected with DKK3. DKK3 expression was attenuated in A549cis, Calu1cis and H460cis compared to A549, Calu1 and H460, respectively. Lung adenocarcinoma cell growth, proliferation, apoptosis, cell cycle in vitro and in vivo were then analyzed. DKK3 knockdown by siRNA transfection rendered A549, Calu1 and H460 resistant to cisplatin. As a result of DKK3 transfection, the expression of DKK3 and E‑cadherin was significantly upregulated, while that of MMP7, survivin, c‑myc and cyclin D1 was downregulated. DKK3 overexpression retarded cell proliferation, induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, and reduced cell invasive ability in the A549 and A549cis cells. In addition, the proportions of apoptotic cells and the PARP level were significantly increased in A549cis‑ and H460cis‑DKK3 cells treated with cisplatin. Moreover, tumor growth was retarded more in cisplatin‑treated nude mice seeded with A549cis‑DKK3 cells than with A549cis cells. Cell viability increased with the pretreatment of SB216763 for 2 h in A549cis and A549cis‑DKK3 cells incubated with cisplatin (1 µM) for 72 h. In conclusion, the re‑activation of Dkk3 enhances the chemosensitivity to cisplatin in cisplatin‑resistant lung adenocarcinoma cell lines, which requires additional studies to realize this potential in clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Li-Jun Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Yi Kang
- Department of Infectious Disease, The People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450000, P.R. China
| | - Xiao Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Ju Zhang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, P.R. China
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Choi BB, Choi JH, Park SR, Kim JY, Hong JW, Kim GC. Scutellariae radixInduces Apoptosis in Chemoresistant SCC-25 Human Tongue Squamous Carcinoma Cells. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2015; 43:167-81. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x15500111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Scutellariae radix is one of the most widely used anticancer herbal medicines in several Asian countries, including Korea, Japan, and China. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is one of the most common head and neck carcinomas, which is highly invasive and metastatic, and can potentially develop chemoresistance. Therefore, new effective treatment methods are urgently needed. We determined the effects of Scutellariae radix on SCC-25 cells using the WST-1 assay, F-actin staining, flow cytometry analysis, immunofluorescence staining, and western blot analysis. Scutellariae radix treatment inhibited SCC-25 cell growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner, but it did not inhibit HaCaT (human keratinocyte) cell growth. Changes in cell morphology and disruption of filamentous (F)-actin organization were observed. Scutellariae radix-induced apoptosis as indicated by the translocation of cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) into the nucleus and cytosol. Scutellariae radix-induced an increase in cells with sub-G1 DNA content, and increased Bax, cleaved caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-9, DNA fragmentation factor 45 (DFF 45), and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) expression levels. Furthermore, increased expression of phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)-related proteins was detected. The antitumor effect of Scutellariae radix was due to decreased cell proliferation, changes in cell morphology, and the activation of caspase and MAPK pathways. Taken together, the findings of this study highlight the anticancer activity of Scutellariae radix in chemoresistant SCC-25 oral squamous carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byul-Bora Choi
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hae Choi
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Rye Park
- Department of Dental Hygiene, School of Health and Welfare Division, Kyungnam College of Information and Technology, Busan 617-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Young Kim
- Department of Dental Hygiene, School of Health and Welfare Division, Kyungnam College of Information and Technology, Busan 617-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Woo Hong
- Department of Korean Internal Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyoo-Cheon Kim
- Department of Oral Anatomy, Pusan National University, Yangsan 626-870, Republic of Korea
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Lin X, Li J, Yin G, Zhao Q, Elias D, Lykkesfeldt AE, Stenvang J, Brünner N, Wang J, Yang H, Bolund L, Ditzel HJ. Integrative analyses of gene expression and DNA methylation profiles in breast cancer cell line models of tamoxifen-resistance indicate a potential role of cells with stem-like properties. Breast Cancer Res 2013; 15:R119. [PMID: 24355041 PMCID: PMC4057522 DOI: 10.1186/bcr3588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Development of resistance to tamoxifen is an important clinical issue in the treatment of breast cancer. Tamoxifen resistance may be the result of acquisition of epigenetic regulation within breast cancer cells, such as DNA methylation, resulting in changed mRNA expression of genes pivotal for estrogen-dependent growth. Alternatively, tamoxifen resistance may be due to selection of pre-existing resistant cells, or a combination of the two mechanisms. Methods To evaluate the contribution of these possible tamoxifen resistance mechanisms, we applied modified DNA methylation-specific digital karyotyping (MMSDK) and digital gene expression (DGE) in combination with massive parallel sequencing to analyze a well-established tamoxifen-resistant cell line model (TAMR), consisting of 4 resistant and one parental cell line. Another tamoxifen-resistant cell line model system (LCC1/LCC2) was used to validate the DNA methylation and gene expression results. Results Significant differences were observed in global gene expression and DNA methylation profiles between the parental tamoxifen-sensitive cell line and the 4 tamoxifen-resistant TAMR sublines. The 4 TAMR cell lines exhibited higher methylation levels as well as an inverse relationship between gene expression and DNA methylation in the promoter regions. A panel of genes, including NRIP1, HECA and FIS1, exhibited lower gene expression in resistant vs. parental cells and concurrent increased promoter CGI methylation in resistant vs. parental cell lines. A major part of the methylation, gene expression, and pathway alterations observed in the TAMR model were also present in the LCC1/LCC2 cell line model. More importantly, high expression of SOX2 and alterations of other SOX and E2F gene family members, as well as RB-related pocket protein genes in TAMR highlighted stem cell-associated pathways as being central in the resistant cells and imply that cancer-initiating cells/cancer stem-like cells may be involved in tamoxifen resistance in this model. Conclusion Our data highlight the likelihood that resistant cells emerge from cancer-initiating cells/cancer stem-like cells and imply that these cells may gain further advantage in growth via epigenetic mechanisms. Illuminating the expression and DNA methylation features of putative cancer-initiating cells/cancer stem cells may suggest novel strategies to overcome tamoxifen resistance.
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Hartmann S, Kriegebaum U, Küchler N, Brands RC, Linz C, Kübler AC, Müller-Richter UDA. Correlation of MAGE-A tumor antigens and the efficacy of various chemotherapeutic agents in head and neck carcinoma cells. Clin Oral Investig 2013; 18:189-97. [PMID: 23430338 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-013-0936-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The present study examined the relationship between MAGE-A tumor antigens and the efficacy of diamindichloridoplatin (DDP), 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), docetaxel, and paclitaxel for in vitro treatment of head and neck cancer. METHODS In the present study, five cell lines of human squamous cell carcinomas were treated with DDP (25-400 μM), 5-FU (0.75-12 mM), docetaxel (1.56-25 nM), and paclitaxel (1.56-25 nM) for a period of 24 or 48 h. The efficacy of the agents was observed dynamically using real-time cell analysis. Subsequently, the expression levels of MAGE-A1, MAGE-A5, MAGE-A8, MAGE-A9, MAGE-A11, and MAGE-A12 were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Chemosensitivity and MAGE-A-expression were correlated by linear regression. RESULTS The tumor cell lines showed a highly differentiated response to the chemotherapeutic agents. Expression of MAGE-A11 was significantly associated with a poorer response to treatment with DDP, 5-FU, docetaxel, and paclitaxel. Two cell lines, one of which was MAGE-A11-positive, showed a significant and concentration-dependent cisplatin-induced growth spurt during the first 24 h after treatment. MAGE-A5 was connected to a positive effect on treatment with paclitaxel within the first 24 h after application. In association with docetaxel treatment, MAGE-A8 was connected to a poorer susceptibility. CONCLUSIONS The results describe, for the first time, a correlation between these MAGE-A tumor antigens and the susceptibility of head and neck cancer cells to DDP, 5-FU, docetaxel, and paclitaxel. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These findings could affect the antineoplastic treatment of patients with MAGE-A11-positive tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Hartmann
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Plastic Surgery, University Hospital Würzburg, Pleicherwall 2, 97070, Würzburg, Germany,
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Abstract
Large-scale pruning, the removal of long neuronal processes, is deployed widely within the developing nervous system and is essential for proper circuit formation. In Drosophila the dendrites of the class IV dendritic arborization sensory neuron ddaC undergo large-scale pruning by local degeneration controlled by the steroid hormone ecdysone. The molecular mechanisms that control such events are largely unknown. To identify new molecules that orchestrate this developmental degeneration, we performed a genetic interaction screen. Our approach combines the strength of Drosophila forward genetics with detailed in vivo imaging of ddaC neurons. This screen allowed us to identify headcase (hdc) as a new gene involved in dendrite pruning. hdc is evolutionarily conserved, but the protein's function is unknown. Here we show that hdc is expressed just before metamorphosis in sensory neurons that undergo remodeling. hdc is required in a cell-autonomous manner to control dendrite severing, the first phase of pruning. Our epistasis experiments with known regulators of dendrite pruning reveal hdc as a founding member of a new pathway downstream of ecdysone signaling.
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