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Mohammed KAK, Madeddu P, Avolio E. MEK inhibitors: a promising targeted therapy for cardiovascular disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2024; 11:1404253. [PMID: 39011492 PMCID: PMC11247000 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1404253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents the leading cause of mortality and disability all over the world. Identifying new targeted therapeutic approaches has become a priority of biomedical research to improve patient outcomes and quality of life. The RAS-RAF-MEK (mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase)-ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) pathway is gaining growing interest as a potential signaling cascade implicated in the pathogenesis of CVD. This pathway is pivotal in regulating cellular processes like proliferation, growth, migration, differentiation, and survival, which are vital in maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis. In addition, ERK signaling is involved in controlling angiogenesis, vascular tone, myocardial contractility, and oxidative stress. Dysregulation of this signaling cascade has been linked to cell dysfunction and vascular and cardiac pathological remodeling, which contribute to the onset and progression of CVD. Recent and ongoing research has provided insights into potential therapeutic interventions targeting the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK pathway to improve cardiovascular pathologies. Preclinical studies have demonstrated the efficacy of targeted therapy with MEK inhibitors (MEKI) in attenuating ERK activation and mitigating CVD progression in animal models. In this article, we first describe how ERK signaling contributes to preserving cardiovascular health. We then summarize current knowledge of the roles played by ERK in the development and progression of cardiac and vascular disorders, including atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, cardiac hypertrophy, heart failure, and aortic aneurysm. We finally report novel therapeutic strategies for these CVDs encompassing MEKI and discuss advantages, challenges, and future developments for MEKI therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled A K Mohammed
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Paolo Madeddu
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Elisa Avolio
- Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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2
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Zhang W, Wang D, Cao D, Chen J, Wei X. Exploring the potentials of Sesuvium portulacastrum L. for edibility and bioremediation of saline soils. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1387102. [PMID: 38916037 PMCID: PMC11194377 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1387102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Sesuvium portulacastrum L. is a flowering succulent halophyte in the ice plant family Aizoaceae. There are various ecotypes distributed in sandy coastlines and salty marshlands in tropical and subtropical regions with the common name of sea purslane. These plants are tolerant to salt, drought, and flooding stresses and have been used for the stabilization of sand dunes and the restoration of coastal areas. With the increased salinization of agricultural soils and the widespread pollution of toxic metals in the environment, as well as excessive nutrients in waterbodies, S. portulacastrum has been explored for the desalination of saline soils and the phytoremediation of metals from contaminated soils and nitrogen and phosphorus from eutrophic water. In addition, sea purslane has nutraceutical and pharmaceutical value. Tissue analysis indicates that many ecotypes are rich in carbohydrates, proteins, vitamins, and mineral nutrients. Native Americans in Florida eat it raw, pickled, or cooked. In the Philippines, it is known as atchara after being pickled. S. portulacastrum contains high levels of ecdysteroids, which possess antidiabetic, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities in mammals. In this review article, we present the botanical information, the physiological and molecular mechanisms underlying the tolerance of sea purslane to different stresses, its nutritional and pharmaceutical value, and the methods for its propagation and production in saline soils and waterbodies. Its adaptability to a wide range of stressful environments and its role in the production of valuable bioactive compounds suggest that S. portulacastrum can be produced in saline soils as a leafy vegetable and is a valuable genetic resource that can be used for the bioremediation of soil salinity and eutrophic water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Zhang
- Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou, China
| | - Dingding Cao
- Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, Department of Environmental Horticulture, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Florida, Apopka, FL, United States
| | - Xiangying Wei
- Institute of Oceanography, College of Geography and Oceanography, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, China
- Fuzhou Institute of Oceanography, Fuzhou, China
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3
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Todorova V, Ivanova S, Chakarov D, Kraev K, Ivanov K. Ecdysterone and Turkesterone-Compounds with Prominent Potential in Sport and Healthy Nutrition. Nutrients 2024; 16:1382. [PMID: 38732627 PMCID: PMC11085066 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The naturally occurring compounds ecdysterone and turkesterone, which are present in plants, including Rhaponticum carthamoides Willd. (Iljin), Spinacia oleracea L., Chenopodium quinoa Willd., and Ajuga turkestanica (Regel) Briq, are widely recognized due to their possible advantages for both general health and athletic performance. The current review investigates the beneficial biological effects of ecdysterone and turkesterone in nutrition, highlighting their roles not only in enhancing athletic performance but also in the management of various health problems. Plant-based diets, associated with various health benefits and environmental sustainability, often include sources rich in phytoecdysteroids. However, the therapeutic potential of phytoecdysteroid-rich extracts extends beyond sports nutrition, with promising applications in treating chronic fatigue, cardiovascular diseases, and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velislava Todorova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Stanislava Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Dzhevdet Chakarov
- Department of Propedeutics of Surgical Diseases, Section of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Krasimir Kraev
- Department of Propedeutics of Internal Diseases, Medical Faculty, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Kalin Ivanov
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
- Research Institute, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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4
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Li L, Ju J, Zhuang X, Li S, Ma R, Li J, Ding M, Ma C, Wang X, Zhang B. Chemistry of Bairui granules and its mechanisms in the protective effect against methotrexate-induced liver injury. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 122:155158. [PMID: 37935081 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bairui granules (BRKL), a traditional Chinese medicine preparation, possess a range of pharmacological effects. However, its impact on methotrexate (MTX)-induced liver damage remains unexplored. PURPOSE The present work focused on investigating the potential protection of BRKL on MTX-induced liver damage, along with its potential active ingredients and underlying mechanisms. METHODS We evaluated the hepatoprotective activities of BRKL in liver-damaged Wistar rats induced by intraperitoneal MTX injection, observing the liver's morphological and pathological features. Additionally, we measured serum ALT, AST, and LDH levels using kits. Ultra High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Q-Exactive Orbitrap Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS) analyzed BRKL composition, and network pharmacology strategy predicted and analyzed BRKL's targets and pathways. Thereafter, we conducted molecular docking for analyzing affinity of bioactive ingredients for targets with Autodock. At last, results were verified through in vitro experiments. RESULTS The animal experiments revealed the significant protection of BRKL against MTX-mediated rat liver damage. A total of 64 major chemical constituents were identified in BRKL by UHPLC-Q-Exactive Orbitrap MS. We then applied the network-based pharmacological strategy to clarify BRKL's molecular mechanism on liver damage based on the identified components. The targets EGFR, SRC, PIK3R1, AKT1, and ESR1, as well as compounds isorhamnetin 3,7-O-diglucoside, β-ecdysone, chrysoeriol, apigenin, and diosmetin, may play pivotal roles in treating MTX-mediated liver damage. According to our in vitro experiments, isorhamnetin 3,7-O-diglucoside may exert its liver-protective effect via AKT/NF-κB pathway. CONCLUSION BRKL protected against MTX-mediated liver injury, and the bioactive ingredients, key pathways, and liver injury-related molecular targets have been identified. These findings provide new insights into using BRKL in treating liver damage and propose a feasible approach to exploring phytomedicine's chemical and pharmacological foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Li
- Department of pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Jianfeng Ju
- Department of pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xiuping Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of TCM, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Shuming Li
- Jiuhua Huayuan Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Chuzhou 239001,China
| | - Rui Ma
- Department of pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Ming Ding
- Department of pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Chuanjiang Ma
- Department of pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of TCM, Jinan 250014, China; School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of TCM, Jinan 250355, China.
| | - Baoqing Zhang
- Department of pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), Jinan 250014, China.
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Hu J, Feng Y, Li B, Wang F, Qian Q, Tian W, Niu L, Wang X. Identification of quality markers for Cyanotis arachnoidea and analysis of its physiological mechanism based on chemical pattern recognition, network pharmacology, and experimental validation. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15948. [PMID: 37719108 PMCID: PMC10501370 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanotis arachnoidea C. B. Clarke is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb that has a limited clinical use in the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM) in minority areas of Guizhou in China. However, few prior reports are available on the quality control of Cyanotis arachnoidea, and its quality markers and hypoglycemic mechanism are still unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore the quality markers (Q-markers) of Cyanotis arachnoidea and predict its hypoglycemic mechanism. In this study, ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) fingerprint combined with chemical pattern recognition were performed, and four differential components were screened out as quality markers, including 20-Hydroxyecdysone, 3-O-acetyl-20-hydroxyecdysone, Ajugasterone C, and 2-O-acetyl-20-hydroxyecdysone. Network pharmacology analysis revealed 107 therapeutic target genes of Cyanotis arachnoidea in DM treatment, and the key targets were Akt1, TNF, IL-6, MAPK3, and JUN. The hypoglycemic mode of action of Cyanotis arachnoidea may be mediated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF) signaling, cancer, insulin resistance, and JAK-STAT pathways. Molecular docking analysis disclosed that the foregoing quality markers effectively bound their key target genes. An in vitro experiment conducted on pancreatic islet β-cells indicated that the forenamed active components of Cyanotis arachnoidea had hypoglycemic efficacy by promoting PI3K/Akt and inhibiting MAPK signaling. UHPLC also accurately quantified the quality markers. The identification and analysis of quality markers for Cyanotis arachnoidea is expected to provide references for the establishment of a quality control evaluation system and clarify the material basis and hypoglycemic mechanisms of this traditional Chinese medicine (TCM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingnan Hu
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Feng
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Baolin Li
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Fengxia Wang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Qi Qian
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule Engineering & Technology Innovate Center, Shijiazhuang, China
- Quality Evaluation & Standardization Hebei Province Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei Tian
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule Engineering & Technology Innovate Center, Shijiazhuang, China
- Quality Evaluation & Standardization Hebei Province Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Liying Niu
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule Engineering & Technology Innovate Center, Shijiazhuang, China
- Quality Evaluation & Standardization Hebei Province Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinguo Wang
- Hebei University of Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula Granule Engineering & Technology Innovate Center, Shijiazhuang, China
- Quality Evaluation & Standardization Hebei Province Engineering Research Center of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shijiazhuang, China
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Todorova V, Savova MS, Ivanova S, Ivanov K, Georgiev MI. Anti-Adipogenic Activity of Rhaponticum carthamoides and Its Secondary Metabolites. Nutrients 2023; 15:3061. [PMID: 37447387 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Besides their common use as an adaptogen, Rhaponticum carthamoides (Willd.) Iljin. rhizome and its root extract (RCE) are also reported to beneficially affect lipid metabolism. The main characteristic secondary metabolites of RCE are phytoecdysteroids. In order to determine an RCE's phytoecdysteroid profile, a novel, sensitive, and robust high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) method was developed and validated. Moreover, a comparative analysis was conducted to investigate the effects of RCE and its secondary metabolites on adipogenesis and adipolysis. The evaluation of the anti-adipogenic and lipolytic effects was performed using human Simpson-Golabi-Behmel syndrome cells, where lipid staining and measurement of released glycerol and free fatty acids were employed. The HPTLC method confirmed the presence of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), ponasterone A (PA), and turkesterone (TU) in RCE. The observed results revealed that RCE, 20E, and TU significantly reduced lipid accumulation in human adipocytes, demonstrating their anti-adipogenic activity. Moreover, RCE and 20E were found to effectively stimulate basal lipolysis. However, no significant effects were observed with PA and TU applications. Based on our findings, RCE and 20E affect both lipogenesis and lipolysis, while TU only restrains adipogenesis. These results are fundamental for further investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Velislava Todorova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Martina S Savova
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Stanislava Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Kalin Ivanov
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Milen I Georgiev
- Laboratory of Metabolomics, Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 4000 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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Wang L, Li S, Cai H, Liu X, Feng T, Zhao X. Preparation and characterisation of ecdysterone/hydroxypropyl-Β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex with enhanced oral and transdermal bioavailability. J Microencapsul 2022; 39:145-155. [PMID: 35311602 DOI: 10.1080/02652048.2022.2056251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
To prepare ecdysterone (ES)/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) inclusion complex, thus improving the water solubility and bioavailability of ES. Phase-solubility study was performed to study the mass ratio of ES and HP-β-CD. Then, the ES/HP-β-CD inclusion complex was prepared by the solvent evaporation method, and its physicochemical properties were characterised using the SEM, DSC, XRD, 1HNMR and FT-IR. In addition, in vitro dissolution and bioavailability (oral and transdermal) experiments were also conducted. The inclusion complex was formed with ES and HP-β-CD at the mass ratio of 1:1. ES existed in an amorphous form in the inclusion complex. The equilibrium solubility of ES/HP-β-CD inclusion complex in SGF (simulated gastric fluid) and SIF (simulated intestinal fluid) was 50.6 ± 0.11 mg/mL and 75.9 ± 0.38 mg/mL in SGF and SIF, which was 5.93 and 9.96 times higher than that of free ES, respectively. The ES/HP-β-CD inclusion complex had better dissolution ability and transdermal permeability than the free ES. The oral bioavailability and the transdermal bioavailability were respectively increased by 2.97 times and 1.92 times compared with the free ES. These data suggest that the ES/HP-β-CD inclusion complex can be developed as potential pharmaceutical product for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.,College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Shen Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.,College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongda Cai
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.,College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaohu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.,College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Tongtong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.,College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiuhua Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.,College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China.,Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Forestry-Based Active Substances, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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Shaji SK, Drishya G, Sunilkumar D, Suravajhala P, Kumar GB, Nair BG. Systematic understanding of anti-tumor mechanisms of Tamarixetin through network and experimental analyses. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3966. [PMID: 35273218 PMCID: PMC8913656 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07087-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tamarixetin, a flavonoid derived from Quercetin, was shown to possess anti-cancer properties in various types of cancer. However, the mechanism of action of this compound is not well understood. Observations from reverse docking and network pharmacology analysis, were validated by cell based studies to analyse the chemotherapeutic potential and elucidate the molecular mechanism of action of Tamarixetin in breast cancer. In silico analysis using reverse docking and PPI analysis clearly indicated that out of 35 proteins targeted by Tamarixetin, the top 3 hub genes, namely, AKT1, ESR1 and HSP90AA1, were upregulated in breast tumor tissues and more importantly showed strong negative correlation to breast cancer patient survival. Furthermore, the KEGG pathway analysis showed enrichment of target proteins of Tamarixetin in 33 pathways which are mainly involved in neoplastic signalling. In vitro cell-based studies demonstrated that Tamarixetin could inhibit cell proliferation, induce ROS and reduce mitochondrial membrane potential, leading to cell death. Tamarixetin induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and inhibited the migration as well as the invasion of breast cancer cells. Taken together, the combination of in silico and in vitro approaches used in the present study clearly provides evidence for the chemotherapeutic potential of Tamarixetin in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanu K Shaji
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Clappana P.O, Kollam, Kerala, 690525, India
| | - G Drishya
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Clappana P.O, Kollam, Kerala, 690525, India
| | - Damu Sunilkumar
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Clappana P.O, Kollam, Kerala, 690525, India
| | - Prashanth Suravajhala
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Clappana P.O, Kollam, Kerala, 690525, India
| | - Geetha B Kumar
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Clappana P.O, Kollam, Kerala, 690525, India.
| | - Bipin G Nair
- School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Clappana P.O, Kollam, Kerala, 690525, India.
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9
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Nedungadi D, Ryan N, Anderson K, Lamenza FF, Jordanides PP, Swingler MJ, Rakotondraibe L, Riedl KM, Iwenofu H, Oghumu S. Modulation of the oral glucocorticoid system during black raspberry mediated oral cancer chemoprevention. Carcinogenesis 2021; 43:28-39. [PMID: 34888650 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgab118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent reports suggest that glucocorticoids (GCs), which can be synthesized in the oral mucosa, play an important role in cancer development. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to characterize the role of the oral GC system in oral cancer, and determine the effect of black raspberry (BRB) administration on GC modulation during oral cancer chemoprevention. We determined the expression of GC enzymes in various oral cancer cell lines, and investigated the role of the GC inactivating enzyme HSD11B2 on CAL27 oral cancer cells using siRNA mediated knockdown approaches. Using two in vivo models of oral carcinogenesis with 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4NQO) carcinogen on C57Bl/6 mice and F344 rats, we determined the effect of BRB on GC modulation during HNSCC chemoprevention. Our results demonstrate that HSD11B2, which inactivates cortisol to cortisone, is downregulated during oral carcinogenesis in clinical and experimental models. Knockdown of HSD11B2 in oral cancer cells promotes cellular proliferation, invasion and expression of angiogenic biomarkers EGFR and VEGFA. An ethanol extract of BRB increased HSD11B2 expression on oral cancer cells. Dietary administration of 5% BRB increased Hsd11b2 gene and protein expression and reduced the active GC, corticosterone, in cancer-induced mouse tongues. Our results demonstrate that the oral GC system is modulated during oral carcinogenesis, and black raspberry administration upregulates Hsd11b2 during oral cancer chemoprevention. In conclusion, our findings challenge the use of synthetic glucocorticoids in head and neck cancer, and support the use of natural product alternatives that potentially modulate GC metabolism in a manner that supports oral cancer chemoprevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Divya Nedungadi
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Nathan Ryan
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Division of Anatomy, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kelvin Anderson
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Felipe F Lamenza
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA.,Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Pete P Jordanides
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael J Swingler
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Liva Rakotondraibe
- Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Kenneth M Riedl
- Department of Food Science, Parker Food Science Building, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Hans Iwenofu
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Steve Oghumu
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
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10
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Yang L, Friedemann T, Pan J. Ecdysterone Attenuates the Development of Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis in Rats at Early Stage. Radiat Res 2021; 196:366-374. [PMID: 34237140 DOI: 10.1667/rade-21-00042.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Oral mucositis is a common adverse reaction of radiotherapy used for head and neck cancers. Our research investigates the therapeutic effect and potential mechanisms of ecdysterone, a compound which was used as a functional food additive, isolated from the root of medicine-food herbs Achyranthes bidentata (Blume), on radiation-induced oral mucositis in rats during the early development stages of mucositis. In this study, male Sprague-Dawley rats received a single 20 Gy X-ray dose to the head and neck after placement of each animal in a specially-constructed 5-mm lead jig. At 24 h postirradiation, ecdysterone was administrated orally. Therapeutic effects of ecdysterone were investigated by observing weight changes and development of mucositis on days 5 and 10 after treatment. Determination of superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde concentration was performed 5 days after treatment. H&E and leukocyte common antigen staining and TUNEL assays were performed 10 days after treatment. After 10 days of treatment, total protein from the tongue samples was extracted and Western blot analysis was performed to evaluate changes in protein expression. The results of this study showed that ecdysterone prevented the development of radiation-induced oral mucositis in rats during the early stages. Ecdysterone significantly attenuated radiation-induced decrease in cellular superoxide dismutase concentration and increase in malondialdehyde concentration. Ecdysterone was also linked to up-regulation of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 and down-regulation of pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and cleaved caspase-3. In conclusion, these findings suggest that orally administrated ecdysterone alleviates the development of radiation-induced oral mucositis in rats with remarkable anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic activities at early stages after irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Hefei University of Technology, Anhui Hefei, China
| | - Thomas Friedemann
- HanseMerkur Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine at the University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jian Pan
- Hefei University of Technology, Anhui Hefei, China
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11
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Nuclear factor-κB plays an important role in Tamarixetin-mediated inhibition of matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 893:173808. [PMID: 33345858 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids possess a broad spectrum of pharmacological properties, including anti-cancer, anti-oxidant and immunomodulatory activities. The current study explored the potential of some less-studied flavonoids in inhibiting Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), a prominent biomarker, upregulated in a variety of cancers and known to promote migration and invasion of cancer cells. Amongst these, Tamarixetin, a naturally occurring flavonoid derivative of Quercetin, demonstrated significant dose-dependent inhibition of MMP-9 expression. Furthermore, a substantial inhibition of migration, invasion and clonogenic potential of HT1080 cells was also observed in the presence of Tamarixetin, which further suggests its role as a potential anti-cancer agent. It is noteworthy that Tamarixetin inhibits nuclear translocation as well the activity of nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), both of which are functions essential for the activation of MMP-9 in promoting tumorigenesis. Additionally, the endogenous regulators of MMP-9 that tightly control its activity were also modulated by Tamarixetin, as evident from the 1.9 fold increase in the expression of Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), with a concomitant 2.2 fold decrease in Matrix Metalloproteinase-14 (MMP-14) expression. The results obtained were further corroborated in three dimensional (3D) tumor models, which showed significant inhibition of MMP-9 activity as well as reduced invasive potential in the presence of Tamarixetin. Taken together, our observations demonstrate for the first time, the anti-invasive potential of Tamarixetin in cancer cells, indicating its possible use as a template for novel therapeutic applications.
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Lin LW, Tsai FH, Lan WC, Cheng YD, Lee SC, Wu CR. Steroid-Enriched Fraction of Achyranthes bidentata Protects Amyloid β Peptide 1-40-Induced Cognitive Dysfunction and Neuroinflammation in Rats. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 56:5671-5688. [PMID: 30666561 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-018-1436-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The roots of Achyranthes bidentata Blume (AB) is commonly used in the treatment of osteoporosis and dementia in traditional Chinese medicine. Pharmacological reports evidenced that AB possessed anti-osteoarthritis effects. However, there is little literature about the anti-dementia activities of AB. The present study was designed to prepare steroid-enriched fraction of AB (ABS) and investigate whether ABS can protect from cognitive dysfunction and neuroinflammation against Aβ 1-40-induced Alzheimer's disease (AD) model in rats. ABS only contained 135.11 ± 4.28 mg of ecdysterone per gram. ABS (50 mg/kg) reversed the dysfunction of exploratory activity and memory function on plus-maze and Morris water maze caused by Aβ 1-40 in rats. ABS (50 mg/kg) also decreased amyloid deposition, neurofibrillary tangle, neural damage, activated astrocyte, and microglial caused by Aβ 1-40. Furthermore, ABS reversed the phenomenon of neural oxidative damage and neuroinflammation, including the higher levels of MDA and cytokines, and the lower activities of antioxidant enzymes and GSH levels caused by Aβ 1-40 in rat cortex and hippocampus. Finally, ABS restored the activation of ERK pathway and decreased NF-κB phosphorylation and translocation altered by Aβ 1-40. ABS alone (50 mg/kg) promoted cognitive function, activated brain antioxidant defense system, and decreased brain TNF-α levels in sham group. Therefore, ABS has the cognition-promoting and antidementia potential. Steroids especial ecdysterone are major active components of AB. The action mechanism is due to decreasing oxidative stress and neuroinflammation through modulating ERK pathway, NF-κB phosphorylation, and translocation in Aβ 1-40-induced AD rat model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Lin
- School of Chinese Medicines for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Fan-Hsuan Tsai
- School of Chinese Medicines for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, 82445, Taiwan
| | - Wan-Cheng Lan
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yih-Dih Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Sheng-Chi Lee
- Pintung Branch, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Pitung, 91245, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Rei Wu
- Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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Li Y, Ailing H, Jian P. Ecdysterone Accelerates Healing of Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis in Rats by Increasing Matrix Cell Proliferation. Radiat Res 2019; 191:237-244. [DOI: 10.1667/rr15171.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Hefei University of Technology, Anhui Hefei, China
| | - Hui Ailing
- Hefei University of Technology, Anhui Hefei, China
| | - Pan Jian
- Hefei University of Technology, Anhui Hefei, China
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Zhan R, Wang F, Wu Y, Wang Y, Qian W, Liu M, Liu T, He W, Ren H, Luo G. Nitric oxide induces epidermal stem cell de-adhesion by targeting integrin β1 and Talin via the cGMP signalling pathway. Nitric Oxide 2018; 78:1-10. [PMID: 29698689 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Nitric oxide (NO) has emerged as a critical molecule in wound healing, but the mechanism underlying its activity is not well defined. Here, we explored the effect of NO on the de-adhesion of epidermal stem cells (ESCs) and the mechanism involved in this process. METHODS The effects of NO on isolated human and mouse ESCs cultured in the presence of different concentrations of the NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetyl penicillamine (SNAP) were evaluated in cell de-adhesion assays mediated by integrin β and collagen IV. Subsequently, changes in the expression of integrin β1 and the phosphorylation of Talin in response to different doses of SNAP were detected by Western blot analysis and real-time PCR in vitro. Furthermore, the roles of various soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC)- and protein kinase G (PKG)-specific inhibitors and agonists in the effects of NO on ESC de-adhesion, integrin β1 expression and Talin phosphorylation were analysed. Moreover, the effects of NO on integrin β1 expression and sGC/cGMP/PKG signalling-mediated wound healing were detected in vivo using 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) label-retaining cells (LRCs) in a scald model and an excision wound healing model, respectively. RESULTS SNAP promoted primary human and mouse ESC de-adhesion in a concentration-dependent manner in the integrin β1-and collagen IV-mediated adhesion assay, and this effect was suppressed by the sGC and PKG inhibitors. Additionally, integrin β1 expression and Talin phosphorylation at serine 425 (S425) were negatively correlated with SNAP levels, and this effect was blocked by the sGC and PKG inhibitors. Moreover, the roles of NO in integrin β1 expression and cGMP signalling pathway-mediated wound healing were confirmed in vivo. CONCLUSION Our data indicate that the stimulatory effects of NO on ESC de-adhesion related to integrin β1 expression and Talin phosphorylation were mediated by the cGMP signalling pathway, which is likely involved in wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rixing Zhan
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Laboratory of Proteomics of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China; School of Nursing, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Southwestern Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Ying Wu
- The Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Laboratory of Proteomics of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Wei Qian
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Laboratory of Proteomics of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Menglong Liu
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Laboratory of Proteomics of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Tengfei Liu
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Laboratory of Proteomics of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Weifeng He
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Laboratory of Proteomics of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Hui Ren
- School of Nursing, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
| | - Gaoxing Luo
- Institute of Burn Research, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burn and Combined Injury, Key Laboratory of Proteomics of Chongqing, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University (Army Medical University), Chongqing 400038, China.
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Tang YH, Yue ZS, Xin DW, Zeng LR, Xiong ZF, Hu ZQ, Xu CD. β‑Ecdysterone promotes autophagy and inhibits apoptosis in osteoporotic rats. Mol Med Rep 2017; 17:1591-1598. [PMID: 29138818 PMCID: PMC5780099 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.8053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is an aging process of skeletal tissues with characteristics of reductions in bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis on osteoblasts and to examine the roles of β-ecdysterone (β-Ecd) involved. In the present study, an in vivo model of osteoporosis was established through the subcutaneous implantation of prednisolone (PRED) into Sprague-Dawley rats, with or without a subcutaneous injection of β-Ecd (5 or 10 mg/kg body weight). Expression of Beclin-1 and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3I/II and apoptosis in lumbar vertebrae tissues was measured by immunofluorescence and TUNEL assays, respectively. Serum concentration of calcium and phosphorus, and the activity of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were measured by biochemical assay. Reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction and western blotting was used for detect the expression of related genes and proteins. PRED treatment inhibited bone formation by decreasing bone mineral density, and suppressing the expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 and bone morphogenetic protein 2, while enhancing the activity of alkaline phosphatase, upregulating the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand, and increasing the serum content of calcium, phosphorus and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase in rats. Additionally, PRED was revealed to inhibit autophagy through the downregulation of Beclin-1, autophagy protein 5 and microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3I/II expression, whereas it induced the apoptosis, through the activation of caspase-3 and the suppression of apoptosis regulator BCL2 expression. Notably, the PRED-induced alterations in bone formation, autophagy and apoptosis were revealed to be attenuated by β-Ecd administration. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggested that β-Ecd may be a promising candidate for the development of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of osteoporosis, through the induction of autophagy and the inhibition of apoptosis in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hua Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Shuang Yue
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
| | - Da-Wei Xin
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
| | - Lin-Ru Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Fei Xiong
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Qing Hu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
| | - Can-Da Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xiaoshan TCM Hospital, Xiaoshan, Hangzhou 311201, P.R. China
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Phungphong S, Kijtawornrat A, Chaiduang S, Saengsirisuwan V, Bupha-Intr T. 20-Hydroxyecdysone attenuates cardiac remodeling in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Steroids 2017; 126:79-84. [PMID: 28803209 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2017.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ecdysteroids, a group of steroid hormones found in insects and many plants, have been shown to prevent various changes in mammalian tissues after female sex hormone deprivation. PURPOSE To examine whether an ecdysteroid, 20-hydroxyecdysone (20-HE), exhibits regulatory or protective roles in the cardiovascular system. STUDY DESIGN/METHOD Blood pressure and cardiac function were evaluated in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) during and after daily treatment with 20-HE for six weeks. RESULTS The progressive increase in systolic blood pressure with age in SHR rats was significantly lower in animals treated with either 5 or 10mg/kg body weight of 20-HE. However, treatment with 20-HE did not diminish the increase in diastolic pressure. Echocardiography after six weeks of treatment demonstrated that the left ventricular chamber of SHR rats treated with 20-HE was smaller than that of SHR controls, while contractility was not affected by 20-HE. Histological images also demonstrated a decrease in cardiomyocyte cross-sectional area in 20-HE treated groups. Interestingly, treatment with 20-HE caused a shift in cardiac myosin heavy chain towards more β-isoforms. SHR rats treated with 20-HE also exhibited a decrease in seminal vesicular weight and an increase in testicular weight, especially at a dose of 10mg/kg body weight. This finding suggests a possible anti-androgenic effect of 20-HE. CONCLUSION Our finding reveal that 20-HE has a beneficial effect on reducing blood pressure and consequently preventing dilated cardiac hypertrophy in SHR rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sukanya Phungphong
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Anusak Kijtawornrat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Sirinut Chaiduang
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Vitoon Saengsirisuwan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand
| | - Tepmanas Bupha-Intr
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.
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Effect of Nitric Oxide on Human Corneal Epithelial Cell Viability and Corneal Wound Healing. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8093. [PMID: 28808342 PMCID: PMC5556055 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08576-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Although the wound healing effects of nitric oxide (NO) are known, the mechanism by which NO modulates corneal wound healing remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effect of exogenous NO donor (NaNO2) on corneal wound healing. We found that NaNO2 (0.1 μM to 100 μM) increased human corneal epithelial cell (HCEC) viability and migration. It also modulated the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) in a time- dependent manner in those HCECs. Further, p38 MAPK phosphorylation increased at 6 h and normalized at 24 h, while the phosphorylation of extracellular signal regulated kinase (ERK) was increased both at 6 h and 24 h. Topical treatment with NaNO2 (10 μM) enhanced corneal epithelial healing and decreased corneal opacity in murine corneal alkali burn model by modulating inflammatory cytokines. Our findings suggest that NO increased HCEC proliferation and migration via time-dependent MAPK activation and eventually enhanced corneal recovery from the alkali burn.
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