1
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Bappy SS, Haque Asim MM, Ahasan MM, Ahsan A, Sultana S, Khanam R, Shibly AZ, Kabir Y. Virus-induced host cell metabolic alteration. Rev Med Virol 2024; 34:e2505. [PMID: 38282396 DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Viruses change the host cell metabolism to produce infectious particles and create optimal conditions for replication and reproduction. Numerous host cell pathways have been modified to ensure available biomolecules and sufficient energy. Metabolomics studies conducted over the past decade have revealed that eukaryotic viruses alter the metabolism of their host cells on a large scale. Modifying pathways like glycolysis, fatty acid synthesis and glutaminolysis could provide potential energy for virus multiplication. Thus, almost every virus has a unique metabolic signature and a different relationship between the viral life cycle and the individual metabolic processes. There are enormous research in virus induced metabolic reprogramming of host cells that is being conducted through numerous approaches using different vaccine candidates and antiviral drug substances. This review provides an overview of viral interference to different metabolic pathways and improved monitoring in this area will open up new ways for more effective antiviral therapies and combating virus induced oncogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Asif Ahsan
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Sorna Sultana
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Roksana Khanam
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Abu Zaffar Shibly
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, Bangladesh
| | - Yearul Kabir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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2
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Ao X, Luo C, Zhang M, Liu L, Peng S. The efficacy of natural products for the treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Chem Biol Drug Des 2024; 103:e14411. [PMID: 38073436 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor originating in the nasopharyngeal epithelium with a high incidence in southern China and parts of Southeast Asia. The current treatment methods are mainly radiotherapy and chemotherapy. However, they often have side effects and are not suitable for long-term exposure. Natural products have received more and more attention in cancer prevention and treatment because of their its high efficiency, low toxic side effects, and low toxicity. Natural products can serve as a viable alternative, and this study aimed to review the efficacy and mechanisms of natural products in the treatment of NPC by examining previous literature. Most natural products act by inhibiting cell proliferation, metastasis, inducing cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. Although further research is needed to verify their effectiveness and safety, natural products can significantly improve the treatment of NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xudong Ao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Luo
- Medical Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Mengni Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Lisha Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shunlin Peng
- Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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3
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Qin C, Xie T, Yeh WW, Savas AC, Feng P. Metabolic Enzymes in Viral Infection and Host Innate Immunity. Viruses 2023; 16:35. [PMID: 38257735 PMCID: PMC10820379 DOI: 10.3390/v16010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic enzymes are central players for cell metabolism and cell proliferation. These enzymes perform distinct functions in various cellular processes, such as cell metabolism and immune defense. Because viral infections inevitably trigger host immune activation, viruses have evolved diverse strategies to blunt or exploit the host immune response to enable viral replication. Meanwhile, viruses hijack key cellular metabolic enzymes to reprogram metabolism, which generates the necessary biomolecules for viral replication. An emerging theme arising from the metabolic studies of viral infection is that metabolic enzymes are key players of immune response and, conversely, immune components regulate cellular metabolism, revealing unexpected communication between these two fundamental processes that are otherwise disjointed. This review aims to summarize our present comprehension of the involvement of metabolic enzymes in viral infections and host immunity and to provide insights for potential antiviral therapy targeting metabolic enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Qin
- Section of Infection and Immunity, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
| | | | | | | | - Pinghui Feng
- Section of Infection and Immunity, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA
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4
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Liu Q, Bode AM, Chen X, Luo X. Metabolic reprogramming in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: Mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:189023. [PMID: 37979733 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.189023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
The high prevalence of metabolic reprogramming in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) offers an abundance of potential therapeutic targets. This review delves into the distinct mechanisms underlying metabolic reprogramming in NPC, including enhanced glycolysis, nucleotide synthesis, and lipid metabolism. All of these changes are modulated by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, hypoxia, and tumor microenvironment. We highlight the role of metabolic reprogramming in the development of NPC resistance to standard therapies, which represents a challenging barrier in treating this malignancy. Furthermore, we dissect the state of the art in therapeutic strategies that target these metabolic changes, evaluating the successes and failures of clinical trials and the strategies to tackle resistance mechanisms. By providing a comprehensive overview of the current knowledge and future directions in this field, this review sets the stage for new therapeutic avenues in NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China
| | - Ann M Bode
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN 55912, USA
| | - Xue Chen
- Early Clinical Trial Center, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China.
| | - Xiangjian Luo
- NHC Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Hunan Key Laboratory of Oncotarget Gene, Hunan Cancer Hospital and The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China; Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Invasion, Chinese Ministry of Education, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, PR China; Key Laboratory of Biological Nanotechnology of National Health Commission, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China.
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5
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Hung KC, Tien N, Bau DT, Yao CH, Chen CH, Yang JL, Lin ML, Chen SS. Let-7g Upregulation Attenuated the KRAS-PI3K-Rac1-Akt Axis-Mediated Bioenergetic Functions. Cells 2023; 12:2313. [PMID: 37759534 PMCID: PMC10527334 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aberrant activation of signaling pathways contributes to cancer cells with metabolic reprogramming. Thus, targeting signaling modulators is considered a potential therapeutic strategy for cancer. Subcellular fractionation, coimmunoprecipitation, biochemical analysis, and gene manipulation experiments revealed that decreasing the interaction of kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) with p110α in lipid rafts with the use of naringenin (NGN), a citrus flavonoid, causes lipid raft-associated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-GTP-ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (Rac1)-protein kinase B (Akt)-regulated metabolic dysfunction of glycolysis and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), leading to apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells. The use of lethal-7g (let-7g) mimic and let-7g inhibitor confirmed that elevated let-7g resulted in a decrease in KRAS expression, which attenuated the PI3K-Rac1-Akt-BCL-2/BCL-xL-modulated mitochondrial energy metabolic functions. Increased let-7g depends on the suppression of the RNA-specificity of monocyte chemoattractant protein-induced protein-1 (MCPIP1) ribonuclease since NGN specifically blocks the degradation of pre-let-7g by NPC cell-derived immunoprecipitated MCPIP1. Converging lines of evidence indicate that the inhibition of MCPIP1 by NGN leads to let-7g upregulation, suppressing oncogenic KRAS-modulated PI3K-Rac1-Akt signaling and thereby impeding the metabolic activities of aerobic glycolysis and mitochondrial OXPHOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuang-Chen Hung
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Taichung Army Force General Hospital, Taichung 41152, Taiwan;
- Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei 11490, Taiwan
- General Education Center, College of Humanities and General Education, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung 406053, Taiwan
| | - Ni Tien
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404394, Taiwan;
| | - Da-Tian Bau
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan;
| | - Chun-Hsu Yao
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Radiological Science, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan;
| | - Chan-Hung Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan;
| | - Jiun-Long Yang
- Department of Nursing, St. Mary’s Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Yilan 26644, Taiwan;
| | - Meng-Liang Lin
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan;
| | - Shih-Shun Chen
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan
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6
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Su ZY, Siak PY, Leong CO, Cheah SC. The role of Epstein-Barr virus in nasopharyngeal carcinoma. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1116143. [PMID: 36846758 PMCID: PMC9947861 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1116143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a metastasis-prone malignancy closely associated with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Despite ubiquitous infection of EBV worldwide, NPC incidences displayed predominance in certain ethnic groups and endemic regions. The majority of NPC patients are diagnosed with advanced-stage disease, as a result of anatomical isolation and non-specific clinical manifestation. Over the decades, researchers have gained insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying NPC pathogenesis as a result of the interplay of EBV infection with several environmental and genetic factors. EBV-associated biomarkers were also used for mass population screening for the early detection of NPC. EBV and its encoded products also serve as potential targets for the development of therapeutic strategies and tumour-specific drug delivery. This review will discuss the pathogenic role of EBV in NPC and efforts in exploiting the potential of EBV-associated molecules as biomarkers and therapeutic targets. The current knowledge on the role of EBV and its associated products in NPC tumorigenesis, development and progression will offer a new outlook and potential intervention strategy against this EBV-associated malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Yi Su
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Bandar Springhill, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Pui Yan Siak
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Bandar Springhill, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Chee-Onn Leong
- AGTC Genomics Sdn Bhd, Pusat Perdagangan Bandar, Persiaran Jalil 1, Bukit Jalil, Wilayah Persekutuan Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Shiau-Chuen Cheah
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, Bandar Springhill, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
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7
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Awasthi P, Dwivedi M, Kumar D, Hasan S. Insights into intricacies of the Latent Membrane Protein-1 (LMP-1) in EBV-associated cancers. Life Sci 2023; 313:121261. [PMID: 36493876 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Numerous lymphomas, carcinomas, and other disorders have been associated with Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) infection. EBV's carcinogenic potential can be correlated to latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), which is essential for fibroblast and primary lymphocyte transformation. LMP1, a transmembrane protein with constitutive activity, belongs to the tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) superfamily. LMP1 performs number of role in the life cycle of EBV and the pathogenesis by interfering with, reprogramming, and influencing a vast range of host cellular activities and functions that are getting well-known but still poorly understood. LMP1, pleiotropically perturbs, reprograms and balances a wide range of various processes of cell such as extracellular vesicles, epigenetics, ubiquitin machinery, metabolism, cell proliferation and survival, and also promotes oncogenic transformation, angiogenesis, anchorage-independent cell growth, metastasis and invasion, tumour microenvironment. By the help of various experiments, it is proven that EBV-encoded LMP1 activates multiple cell signalling pathways which affect antigen presentation, cell-cell interactions, chemokine and cytokine production. Therefore, it is assumed that LMP1 may perform majorly in EBV associated malignancies. For the development of novel techniques toward targeted therapeutic applications, it is essential to have a complete understanding of the LMP1 signalling landscape in order to identify potential targets. The focus of this review is on LMP1-interacting proteins and related signalling processes. We further discuss tactics for using the LMP1 protein as a potential therapeutic for cancers caused by the EBV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prankur Awasthi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226028, India
| | - Manish Dwivedi
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226028, India
| | - Dhruv Kumar
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES University Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Saba Hasan
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow 226028, India.
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8
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Tang X, Liu T, Li X, Sheng X, Xing J, Chi H, Zhan W. Protein phosphorylation in hemocytes of Fenneropenaeus chinensis in response to white spot syndrome virus infection. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2022; 122:106-114. [PMID: 35092807 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2022.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation are the most common and important regulatory mechanisms in signal transduction, which play a vital role in immune defense response. Our previous study has found the level of tyrosine phosphorylation was significantly changed in the hemocytes of Fenneropenaeus chinensis upon white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection. In order to explore the relationship between protein phosphorylation and WSSV infection, the quantitative phosphoproteomics was employed to identify differential phosphorylated proteins in hemocytes of F. chinensis before and after WSSV infection, and elucidate the role of key differential phosphorylated proteins in WSSV infection process. The results showed that a total of 147 differential phosphorylated proteins were identified in the hemocytes, including 64 phosphorylated proteins and 83 dephosphorylated proteins, which were mostly enriched in pyruvate metabolism, TCA cycle, glycolysis, and ribosomal biosynthesis. Functional analysis of differential phosphorylated proteins showed that they were involved in cell apoptosis, cell phagocytosis, cell metabolism and antiviral infection. A total of 236 differential phosphorylation sites were found, including 91 modified sites in the phosphorylation proteins and 145 modified sites in the dephosphorylation proteins. Motif analysis showed that these phosphorylation sites could activate mitogen-activated protein kinase, P70 S6 kinase and other kinases in hemocytes. Moveover, the phosphorylation levels of eukaryotic protein initiation factor 4E binding proteins and histone H3 were further determined by ELISA and Western blotting, which both exhibited a significant increase post WSSV infection and reach their peak levels at 6 and 12 h, respectively. Moreover, we found that lactate, a metabolite closely related to pyruvate metabolism, TCA cycle and glycolysis, was significantly increased in the hemocytes after WSSV infection. This study revealed the protein phosphorylation response in hemocytes of F. chinensis to WSSV infection, which help to clarify the response characteristics and virus resistance mechanism of hemocytes in F. chinensis, and also facilitate further understanding of the interaction between WSSV and shrimp hemocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqian Tang
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiaoai Li
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Xiuzhen Sheng
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China
| | - Jing Xing
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Heng Chi
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Wenbin Zhan
- Laboratory of Pathology and Immunology of Aquatic Animals, KLMME, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao, 266071, China.
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M. Burton
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Program in Virology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
| | - Benjamin E. Gewurz
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Harvard Program in Virology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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10
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Abstract
Cellular activities are finely regulated by numerous signaling pathways to support specific functions of complex life processes. Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites. Each step of viral replication is ultimately governed by the interaction of a virus with its host cells. Because of the demands of viral replication, the nutritional needs of virus-infected cells differ from those of uninfected cells. To improve their chances of survival and replication, viruses have evolved to commandeer cellular processes, including cell metabolism, augmenting these processes to support their needs. This article summarizes recent findings regarding virus-induced alterations to major cellular metabolic pathways focusing on how viruses modulate various signaling cascades to induce these changes. We begin with a general introduction describing the role played by signaling pathways in cellular metabolism. We then discuss how different viruses target these signaling pathways to reprogram host metabolism to favor the viral needs. We highlight the gaps in understanding metabolism-related virus-host interactions and discuss how studying these changes will enhance our understanding of fundamental processes involved in metabolic regulation. Finally, we discuss the potential to harness these processes to combat viral diseases, as well as other diseases, including metabolic disorders and cancers.
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11
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Huang H, Li S, Tang Q, Zhu G. Metabolic Reprogramming and Immune Evasion in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Front Immunol 2021; 12:680955. [PMID: 34566954 PMCID: PMC8458828 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.680955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a malignant tumor of the nasopharynx mainly characterized by geographic distribution and EBV infection. Metabolic reprogramming, one of the cancer hallmarks, has been frequently reported in NPCs to adapt to internal energy demands and external environmental pressures. Inevitably, the metabolic reprogramming within the tumor cell will lead to a decreased pH value and diverse nutritional supplements in the tumor-infiltrating micro-environment incorporating immune cells, fibroblasts, and endothelial cells. Accumulated evidence indicates that metabolic reprogramming derived from NPC cells may facilitate cancer progression and immunosuppression by cell-cell communications with their surrounding immune cells. This review presents the dysregulated metabolism processes, including glucose, fatty acid, amino acid, nucleotide metabolism, and their mutual interactions in NPC. Moreover, the potential connections between reprogrammed metabolism, tumor immunity, and associated therapy would be discussed in this review. Accordingly, the development of targets on the interactions between metabolic reprogramming and immune cells may provide assistances to overcome the current treatment resistance in NPC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimei Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shisheng Li
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qinglai Tang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Gangcai Zhu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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12
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Xu QL, Luo Z, Zhang B, Qin GJ, Zhang RY, Kong XY, Tang HY, Jiang W. Methylation-associated silencing of miR-9-1 promotes nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression and glycolysis via HK2. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:4127-4138. [PMID: 34382305 PMCID: PMC8486208 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Characteristically, cancer cells metabolize glucose through aerobic glycolysis, known as the Warburg effect. Accumulating evidence suggest that during cancer formation, microRNAs (miRNAs) could regulate such metabolic reprogramming. In the present study, miR‐9‐1 was identified as significantly hypermethylated in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cell lines and clinical tissues. Ectopic expression of miR‐9‐1 inhibited NPC cell growth and glycolytic metabolism, including reduced glycolysis, by reducing lactate production, glucose uptake, cellular glucose‐6‐phosphate levels, and ATP generation in vitro and tumor proliferation in vivo. HK2 (encoding hexokinase 2) was identified as a direct target of miR‐9‐1 using luciferase reporter assays and Western blotting. In NPC cells, hypermethylation regulates miR‐9‐1 expression and inhibits HK2 translation by directly targeting its 3' untranslated region. MiR‐9‐1 overexpression markedly reduced HK2 protein levels. Restoration of HK2 expression attenuated the inhibitory effect of miR‐9‐1 on NPC cell proliferation and glycolysis. Fluorescence in situ hybridization results indicated that miR‐9‐1 expression was an independent prognostic factor in NPC. Our findings revealed the role of the miR‐9‐1/HK2 axis in the metabolic reprogramming of NPC, providing a potential therapeutic strategy for NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Lan Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Department of Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zan Luo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Receptor Targeted Therapy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Department of Oncology, Xianning Central Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital, Wuzhou, China
| | - Guan-Jie Qin
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Ru-Yun Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Xiang-Yun Kong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Hua-Ying Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China.,Department of Laboratory Animal Center, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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13
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Magon KL, Parish JL. From infection to cancer: how DNA tumour viruses alter host cell central carbon and lipid metabolism. Open Biol 2021; 11:210004. [PMID: 33653084 PMCID: PMC8061758 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.210004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Infections cause 13% of all cancers globally, and DNA tumour viruses account for almost 60% of these cancers. All viruses are obligate intracellular parasites and hijack host cell functions to replicate and complete their life cycles to produce progeny virions. While many aspects of viral manipulation of host cells have been studied, how DNA tumour viruses manipulate host cell metabolism and whether metabolic alterations in the virus life cycle contribute to carcinogenesis are not well understood. In this review, we compare the differences in central carbon and fatty acid metabolism in host cells following infection, oncogenic transformation, and virus-driven cancer of DNA tumour viruses including: Epstein-Barr virus, hepatitis B virus, human papillomavirus, Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus and Merkel cell polyomavirus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamini L. Magon
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Science, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Joanna L. Parish
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Science, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
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14
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Tiwari D, Jakhmola S, Pathak DK, Kumar R, Jha HC. Temporal In Vitro Raman Spectroscopy for Monitoring Replication Kinetics of Epstein-Barr Virus Infection in Glial Cells. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:29547-29560. [PMID: 33225186 PMCID: PMC7676301 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Raman spectroscopy can be used as a tool to study virus entry and pathogen-driven manipulation of the host efficiently. To date, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) entry and altered biochemistry of the glial cell upon infection are elusive. In this study, we detected biomolecular changes in human glial cells, namely, HMC-3 (microglia) and U-87 MG (astrocytes), at two variable cellular locations (nucleus and periphery) by Raman spectroscopy post-EBV infection at different time points. Two possible phenomena, one attributed to the response of the cell to viral attachment and invasion and the other involved in duplication of the virus followed by egress from the host cell, are investigated. These changes corresponded to unique Raman spectra associated with specific biomolecules in the infected and the uninfected cells. The Raman signals from the nucleus and periphery of the cell also varied, indicating differential biochemistry and signaling processes involved in infection progression at these locations. Molecules such as cholesterol, glucose, hyaluronan, phenylalanine, phosphoinositide, etc. are associated with the alterations in the cellular biochemical homeostasis. These molecules are mainly responsible for cellular processes such as lipid transport, cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis in the cells. Raman signatures of these molecules at distinct time points of infection indicated their periodic involvement, depending on the stage of virus infection. Therefore, it is possible to discern the details of variability in EBV infection progression in glial cells at the biomolecular level using time-dependent in vitro Raman scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Tiwari
- Discipline
of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552 Indore, India
| | - Shweta Jakhmola
- Discipline
of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552 Indore, India
| | - Devesh K. Pathak
- Discipline
of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology
Indore, Simrol, 453552 Indore, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- Discipline
of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology
Indore, Simrol, 453552 Indore, India
- Centre
for Advanced Electronics, Indian Institute
of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552 Indore, India
| | - Hem Chandra Jha
- Discipline
of Biosciences and Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Simrol, 453552 Indore, India
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15
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Liu PJ, Balfe P, McKeating JA, Schilling M. Oxygen Sensing and Viral Replication: Implications for Tropism and Pathogenesis. Viruses 2020; 12:E1213. [PMID: 33113858 PMCID: PMC7693908 DOI: 10.3390/v12111213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to detect and respond to varying oxygen tension is an essential prerequisite to life. Several mechanisms regulate the cellular response to oxygen including the prolyl hydroxylase domain (PHD)/factor inhibiting HIF (FIH)-hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) pathway, cysteamine (2-aminoethanethiol) dioxygenase (ADO) system, and the lysine-specific demethylases (KDM) 5A and KDM6A. Using a systems-based approach we discuss the literature on oxygen sensing pathways in the context of virus replication in different tissues that experience variable oxygen tension. Current information supports a model where the PHD-HIF pathway enhances the replication of viruses infecting tissues under low oxygen, however, the reverse is true for viruses with a selective tropism for higher oxygen environments. Differences in oxygen tension and associated HIF signaling may play an important role in viral tropism and pathogenesis. Thus, pharmaceutical agents that modulate HIF activity could provide novel treatment options for viral infections and associated pathological conditions.
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16
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Lee YR, Wu SY, Chen RY, Lin YS, Yeh TM, Liu HS. Regulation of autophagy, glucose uptake, and glycolysis under dengue virus infection. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2020; 36:911-919. [PMID: 32783363 DOI: 10.1002/kjm2.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
We previously reported that dengue virus (DENV)-induced autophagy plays a promoting role in viral replication and pathogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Although it is known that DENV infection increases glycolysis, which promotes viral replication, the role of glucose metabolism together with autophagic activity in DENV replication remains unclear. In this study, we reveal that DENV2 infection increased autophagic activity, glucose uptake, protein levels of glucose transporter-1 (GLUT1), and glycolysis rate-limiting enzyme hexokinase-2 (HK2) in cells. Furthermore, the protein levels of LC3-II and HK2 were increased in the brain tissues of the DENV2-infected suckling mice. However, DENV2 infection decreased ATP level and showed no effect on mRNA expression of HK2 and phosphofructokinase, as well as lactate production, indicating that DENV2-regulated glycolytic flux occurs at the post-transcriptional level and is lactate pathway-independent. Moreover, amiodarone-induced autophagic activity, glucose uptake, HK2 level, and viral titer were reversed by the autophagy inhibitor spautin-1 or silencing of Atg5 gene expression. Intriguingly, blocking of glycolysis, HK2 protein level, and viral titer were accordingly decreased, but autophagic activity was increased, suggesting the existence of another regulation mechanism that influences the relationship between glycolysis and autophagy. This is the first report to reveal that DENV2-induced autophagy positively regulates glycolysis and viral replication in vitro and in vivo. Our findings open a new avenue wherein metabolic modulation could be used as a target for the treatment of DENV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Ray Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan
| | - Shan-Ying Wu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ruei-Yi Chen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yee-Shin Lin
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Trai-Ming Yeh
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Science and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Sheng Liu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Center for Cancer Research, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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17
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Zhang X, Yang J, Shi D, Cao Z. TET2 suppresses nasopharyngeal carcinoma progression by inhibiting glycolysis metabolism. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:363. [PMID: 32774157 PMCID: PMC7397601 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01456-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a common malignant tumor. Ten-eleven translocation (TET) protein 2 (TET2), an evolutionarily conserved dioxygenases, is reported to be involved in various malignant tumor developments. Here, we aim to investigate the effect of TET2 on NPC progress in vitro and in vivo, and its detailed underlying mechanism. Methods Real-time PCR and western blotting were used to determine the expression levels of TET1/2/3 in NPC cell lines. The effects of TET2 on NPC progression were evaluated using CCK8 and invasion assays in vitro. Proteins interacted with TET2 in NPC cells were detected by immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry. The effects of TET2 or pyruvate kinase, muscle (PKM) on glycolysis in NPC cells were examined by detecting glucose uptake and lactate production. The effects of TET2 on NPC progression were evaluated using xenograft tumor model in vivo. Results TET2 expression was decreased in NPC cells, and TET2 overexpression inhibited proliferation and invasion of NPC cells, which is independent on TET2’s catalytic activity. In mechanism, TET2 N-terminal domain interacts with PKM in cytoplasm to prevent PKM dimers from translocating into nucleus, suppressing glycolysis in NPC cells, thereby inhibiting proliferation and invasion of NPC cells. Moreover, using xenograft tumor model, we found that TET2 knockout promoted NPC progression and decreased survival rate. However, administration with the inhibitor of PKM, shikonin, decreased the tumor volume of TET2-cas9 group, and increased the survival rate. Conclusion TET2 suppresses NPC development through interacting with PKM to inhibit glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xixia Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Road, Shenyang, 110004 Liaoning China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Road, Shenyang, 110004 Liaoning China
| | - Dong Shi
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Road, Shenyang, 110004 Liaoning China
| | - Zhiwei Cao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36 Sanhao Road, Shenyang, 110004 Liaoning China
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18
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BNIP3L-Dependent Mitophagy Promotes HBx-Induced Cancer Stemness of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via Glycolysis Metabolism Reprogramming. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12030655. [PMID: 32168902 PMCID: PMC7139741 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12030655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is one of predisposing factors for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The role of HBV x protein (HBx) in mediating the induction and maintenance of cancer stemness during HBV-related HCC attracts considerable attention, but the exact mechanism has not been clearly elucidated. Here, ABCG2-dependent stem-like side population (SP) cells, which are thought to be liver cancer stem cells (LCSCs), were present in HCC cells, and the fraction of this subset was increased in HBx-expressing HCC cells. In addition, glycolysis was upregulated in LCSCs and HBx-expressing HCC cells, and intervention of glycolysis attenuated cancer stem-like phenotypes. Mitochondria play an important role in the maintenance of energy homeostasis, BNIP3L-dependent mitophagy was also activated in LCSCs and HBx-expressing HCC cells, which triggered a metabolic shift toward glycolysis. In summary, we proposed a positive feedback loop, in which HBx induced BNIP3L-dependent mitophagy which upregulated glycolytic metabolism, increasing cancer stemness of HCC cells in vivo and in vitro. BNIP3L might be a potential therapeutic target for intervention of LCSCs-associated HCC. Anti-HBx, a monoclonal antibody targeting intracellular HBx, had the potential to delay the progression of HBV infection related-HCC.
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19
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Wu J, Li S, Wang Y, Hu L. Pretreatment Aspartate Aminotransferase-to-Alanine Aminotransferase (De Ritis) Ratio Predicts the Prognosis of Nonmetastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:10077-10087. [PMID: 31819502 PMCID: PMC6878916 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s232563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The pretreatment aspartate aminotransferase-to-alanine aminotransferase (De Ritis) ratio is reportedly valuable in prognosis prediction of various malignancies. However, its value in the prognosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) has not yet been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of the De Ritis ratio on the survival outcomes of patients with nonmetastatic NPC. Methods We retrospectively reviewed the medical data of 1023 patients with nonmetastatic NPC admitted between 2009 and 2013 at a single center. The Fine and Gray competing risk regression model was used to analyze the associations between the De Ritis ratio and the survival outcomes of cancer-specific survival (CSS) and progression-free survival (PFS) by using the subdistribution hazard ratio (SHR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) as size effects. The Cox proportional hazard model was used to evaluate the correlation between the De Ritis ratio and overall survival (OS) by using hazard ratio (HR) and 95% CI as size effects. Results Patients were divided into two groups in accordance with the pretreatment De Ritis ratio by using an optimal cutoff value of 1.65. Compared with the patients with low De Ritis ratio (< 1.65), those with elevated De Ritis ratio (≥ 1.65) had poorer prognosis with regard to CSS, PFS, and OS. Notably, multivariate analyses showed that high De Ritis ratio was independently associated with poor CSS (SHR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.25–2.16), PFS (SHR = 1.69, 95% CI: 1.30–2.19), and OS (HR = 1.81, 95% CI: 1.39–2.40). Conclusion Pretreatment De Ritis ratio can be an independent prognostic predictor for patients with nonmetastatic NPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Wu
- Department of Clinical Research, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Shasha Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Liren Hu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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20
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Abstract
This review discusses the current state of the viral metabolism field and gaps in knowledge that will be important for future studies to investigate. We discuss metabolic rewiring caused by viruses, the influence of oncogenic viruses on host cell metabolism, and the use of viruses as guides to identify critical metabolic nodes for cancer anabolism. We also discuss the need for more mechanistic studies identifying viral proteins responsible for metabolic hijacking and for in vivo studies of viral-induced metabolic rewiring. Improved technologies for detailed metabolic measurements and genetic manipulation will lead to important discoveries over the next decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani K Thaker
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - James Ch'ng
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Heather R Christofk
- Department of Biological Chemistry, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Eli and Edythe Broad Center of Regenerative Medicine and Stem Cell Research, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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21
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Long Noncoding RNAs and Messenger RNAs Expression Profiles Potentially Regulated by ZBTB7A in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:7246491. [PMID: 31309112 PMCID: PMC6594332 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7246491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2018] [Revised: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Our previous studies showed that ZBTB7A played an important role in promoting nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) progression. However, molecular mechanisms of different levels of ZBTB7A are still unclear. It is necessary to search molecular markers which are closely connected with ZBTB7A. We selected NPC sublines CNE2 with stably transfecting empty plasmid (negative control, NC) and short hair RNA (shRNA) plasmid targeting ZBTB7A as research objectives. Microarray was used to screen differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and messenger RNAs (mRNAs) via shRNA-CNE2 versus NC-CNE2. Quantitative PCR (qPCR) was used to validate lncRNAs and mRNAs from the sublines, chronic rhinitis, and NPC tissues. Bioinformatics was used to analyze regulatory pathways which were connected with ZBTB7A. The 1501 lncRNAs (long noncoding RNAs) and 1275 differentially expressed mRNAs were upregulated or downregulated over 2-fold. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis revealed that the upregulated or downregulated carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms probably involved in carcinogenicity of shRNA-CNE2 (P-value cut-off was 0.05). In order to find the molecular mechanisms of ZBTB7A, we validated 12 differentially expressed lncRNAs and their nearby mRNAs by qPCR. Most of the differentially expressed mRNAs are closely connected with carbohydrate and lipid metabolisms in multiply cancers. Furthermore, part of them were validated in NPC and rhinitis tissues by qPCR. As a result, NR_047538, ENST00000442852, and fatty acid synthase (FASN) were closely associated with NPC. ZBTB7A had a positive association with NR_047538 and negative associations with ENST00000442852 and FASN. The results probably provide novel candidate biomarkers for NPC progression with different levels of ZBTB7A.
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22
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Yi M, Cai J, Li J, Chen S, Zeng Z, Peng Q, Ban Y, Zhou Y, Li X, Xiong W, Li G, Xiang B. Rediscovery of NF-κB signaling in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: How genetic defects of NF-κB pathway interplay with EBV in driving oncogenesis? J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:5537-5549. [PMID: 29266238 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a unique EBV-associated subtype of head and neck cancer, which has the highest incidence in Southern China and eastern South Asia. The interaction between genetic risk factors and environmental challenge, have been considered to contribute to the development of nasopharyngeal carcinogenesis. Constitutive activation of NF-κB signaling has been seen in NPC tissues and is associated with unfavorable prognosis. Recently, several whole exome sequencing study consistently revealed that high frequency mutations of NF-κB pathway negative regulators is common in nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which reinforce the importance of NF-κB driving oncogenesis. This review focuses on the current state of research in role of NF-κB in NPC carcinogenesis. We summarized the newly identified loss of function (LOF) mutations on NF-κB negative regulators leading to it's activation bypass LMP-1 stimulation. We discussed the critical role of NF-κB activation in immortalization and transformation of nasopharygeal epithelium. We also depicted how NF-κB signaling mediated chronic inflammation contribute to persistent EBV infection, immune evasion of EBV infected cells, metabolic reprogramming, and cancer stem cells (CSCs) formation in NPC. Lastly, we discussed the clinical resonance of targeting NF-κB for NPC precise therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yi
- Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junjun Li
- Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Shengnan Chen
- Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhaoyang Zeng
- Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Peng
- Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ban
- Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoling Li
- Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Guiyuan Li
- Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Xiang
- Hunan Provincial Cancer Hospital and Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya Medical School, The Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.,Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
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