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Habib S, Osborn G, Willsmore Z, Chew MW, Jakubow S, Fitzpatrick A, Wu Y, Sinha K, Lloyd-Hughes H, Geh JLC, MacKenzie-Ross AD, Whittaker S, Sanz-Moreno V, Lacy KE, Karagiannis SN, Adams R. Tumor associated macrophages as key contributors and targets in current and future therapies for melanoma. Expert Rev Clin Immunol 2024; 20:895-911. [PMID: 38533720 DOI: 10.1080/1744666x.2024.2326626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Despite the success of immunotherapies for melanoma in recent years, there remains a significant proportion of patients who do not yet derive benefit from available treatments. Immunotherapies currently licensed for clinical use target the adaptive immune system, focussing on Tcell interactions and functions. However, the most prevalent immune cells within the tumor microenvironment (TME) of melanoma are macrophages, a diverse immune cell subset displaying high plasticity, to which no current therapies are yet directly targeted. Macrophages have been shown not only to activate the adaptive immune response, and enhance cancer cell killing, but, when influenced by factors within the TME of melanoma, these cells also promote melanoma tumorigenesis and metastasis. AREAS COVERED We present a review of the most up-to-date literatureavailable on PubMed, focussing on studies from within the last 10 years. We also include data from ongoing and recent clinical trials targeting macrophages in melanoma listed on clinicaltrials.gov. EXPERT OPINION Understanding the multifaceted role of macrophages in melanoma, including their interactions with immune and cancer cells, the influence of current therapies on macrophage phenotype and functions and how macrophages could be targeted with novel treatment approaches, are all critical for improving outcomes for patients with melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabana Habib
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Gabriel Osborn
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Zena Willsmore
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Min Waye Chew
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sophie Jakubow
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Amanda Fitzpatrick
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Oncology Department, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Innovation Hub, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Yin Wu
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Oncology Department, Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
- Peter Gorer Department of Immunobiology, School of Immunology & Microbial Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Khushboo Sinha
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England
| | - Hawys Lloyd-Hughes
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas' Hospitals, London, England
| | - Jenny L C Geh
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas' Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, England
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Guy's, King's and St. Thomas' Hospitals, London, England
| | | | - Sean Whittaker
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Victoria Sanz-Moreno
- The Breast Cancer Now Toby Robins Research Centre, Division of Breast Cancer Research, The Institute of Cancer Research, London
| | - Katie E Lacy
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sophia N Karagiannis
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
- Breast Cancer Now Research Unit, School of Cancer & Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, Innovation Hub, Guy's Hospital, London, UK
| | - Rebecca Adams
- St. John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, King's College London, London, UK
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Lanman NA, Meco E, Fitchev P, Kolliegbo AK, Broman MM, Filipovich Y, Kothandaraman H, Cresswell GM, Talaty P, Antoniak M, Brumer S, Glaser AP, Higgins AM, Helfand BT, Franco OE, Crawford SE, Ratliff TL, Hayward SW, Vickman RE. Infiltrating lipid-rich macrophage subpopulations identified as a regulator of increasing prostate size in human benign prostatic hyperplasia. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.07.597992. [PMID: 38915654 PMCID: PMC11195107 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.07.597992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Macrophages exhibit marked phenotypic heterogeneity within and across disease states, with lipid metabolic reprogramming contributing to macrophage activation and heterogeneity. Chronic inflammation has been observed in human benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissues, however macrophage activation states and their contributions to this hyperplastic disease have not been defined. We postulated that a shift in macrophage phenotypes with increasing prostate size could involve metabolic alterations resulting in prostatic epithelial or stromal hyperplasia. Single-cell RNA-seq of CD45+ transition zone leukocytes from 10 large (>90 grams) and 10 small (<40 grams) human prostates was conducted. Macrophage subpopulations were defined using marker genes. BPH macrophages do not distinctly categorize into M1 and M2 phenotypes. Instead, macrophages with neither polarization signature preferentially accumulate in large versus small prostates. Specifically, macrophage subpopulations with altered lipid metabolism pathways, demarcated by TREM2 and MARCO expression, significantly accumulate with increased prostate volume. TREM2+ and MARCO+ macrophage abundance positively correlates with patient body mass index and urinary symptom scores. TREM2+ macrophages have significantly higher neutral lipid than TREM2- macrophages from BPH tissues. Lipid-rich macrophages were observed to localize within the stroma in BPH tissues. In vitro studies indicate that lipid-loaded macrophages increase prostate epithelial and stromal cell proliferation compared to control macrophages. These data define two new BPH immune subpopulations, TREM2+ and MARCO+ macrophages, and suggest that lipid-rich macrophages may exacerbate lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with large prostates. Further investigation is needed to evaluate the therapeutic benefit of targeting these cells in BPH.
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Saadh MJ, Pallathadka H, Abed HS, Menon SV, Sivaprasad GV, Hjazi A, Rizaev J, Suri S, Jawad MA, Husseen B. Detailed role of SR-A1 and SR-E3 in tumor biology, progression, and therapy. Cell Biochem Biophys 2024:10.1007/s12013-024-01350-5. [PMID: 38884861 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-024-01350-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
The first host defense systems are the innate immune response and the inflammatory response. Among innate immune cells, macrophages, are crucial because they preserve tissue homeostasis and eradicate infections by phagocytosis, or the ingestion of particles. Macrophages exhibit phenotypic variability contingent on their stimulation state and tissue environment and may be detected in several tissues. Meanwhile, critical inflammatory functions are played by macrophage scavenger receptors, in particular, SR-A1 (CD204) and SR-E3 (CD206), in a variety of pathophysiologic events. Such receptors, which are mainly found on the surface of multiple types of macrophages, have different effects on processes, including atherosclerosis, innate and adaptive immunity, liver and lung diseases, and, more recently, cancer. Although macrophage scavenger receptors have been demonstrated to be active across the disease spectrum, conflicting experimental findings and insufficient signaling pathways have hindered our comprehension of the molecular processes underlying its array of roles. Herein, as SR-A1 and SR-E3 functions are often binary, either protecting the host or impairing the pathophysiology of cancers has been reviewed. We will look into their function in malignancies, with an emphasis on their recently discovered function in macrophages and the possible therapeutic benefits of SR-A1 and SR-E3 targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan
| | | | - Hussein Salim Abed
- Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques, Al-Maarif University College, Al-Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq.
| | - Soumya V Menon
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Sciences, JAIN (Deemed to be University), Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - G V Sivaprasad
- Department of Basic Science & Humanities, Raghu Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, India
| | - Ahmed Hjazi
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jasur Rizaev
- Department of Public health and Healthcare management, Rector, Samarkand State Medical University, 18, Amir Temur Street, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Sahil Suri
- Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140417, Punjab, India
| | | | - Beneen Husseen
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- Medical Laboratory Technique College, The Islamic University of Babylon, Babylon, Iraq
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Davila KMS, Nelli RK, Mora-Díaz JC, Sang Y, Miller LC, Giménez-Lirola LG. Transcriptome Analysis in Air-Liquid Interface Porcine Respiratory Epithelial Cell Cultures Reveals That the Betacoronavirus Porcine Encephalomyelitis Hemagglutinating Virus Induces a Robust Interferon Response to Infection. Viruses 2024; 16:939. [PMID: 38932231 PMCID: PMC11209522 DOI: 10.3390/v16060939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus (PHEV) replicates in the upper respiratory tract and tonsils of pigs. Using an air-liquid interface porcine respiratory epithelial cells (ALI-PRECs) culture system, we demonstrated that PHEV disrupts respiratory epithelia homeostasis by impairing ciliary function and inducing antiviral, pro-inflammatory cytokine, and chemokine responses. This study explores the mechanisms driving early innate immune responses during PHEV infection through host transcriptome analysis. Total RNA was collected from ALI-PRECs at 24, 36, and 48 h post inoculation (hpi). RNA-seq analysis was performed using an Illumina Hiseq 600 to generate 100 bp paired-end reads. Differential gene expression was analyzed using DeSeq2. PHEV replicated actively in ALI-PRECs, causing cytopathic changes and progressive mucociliary disruption. Transcriptome analysis revealed downregulation of cilia-associated genes such as CILK1, DNAH11, LRRC-23, -49, and -51, and acidic sialomucin CD164L2. PHEV also activated antiviral signaling pathways, significantly increasing the expression of interferon-stimulated genes (RSAD2, MX1, IFIT, and ISG15) and chemokine genes (CCL5 and CXCL10), highlighting inflammatory regulation. This study contributes to elucidating the molecular mechanisms of the innate immune response to PHEV infection of the airway epithelium, emphasizing the critical roles of the mucociliary, interferon, and chemokine responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaitlyn M. Sarlo Davila
- Infectious Bacterial Disease Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA 50010, USA;
| | - Rahul K. Nelli
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (R.K.N.); (J.C.M.-D.)
| | - Juan C. Mora-Díaz
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (R.K.N.); (J.C.M.-D.)
| | - Yongming Sang
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, College of Agriculture, Tennessee State University, Nashville, TN 37209, USA;
| | - Laura C. Miller
- Virus and Prion Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA 50010, USA
- Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA
| | - Luis G. Giménez-Lirola
- Department of Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA; (R.K.N.); (J.C.M.-D.)
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5
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Rakina M, Larionova I, Kzhyshkowska J. Macrophage diversity in human cancers: New insight provided by single-cell resolution and spatial context. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28332. [PMID: 38571605 PMCID: PMC10988020 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
M1/M2 paradigm of macrophage plasticity has existed for decades. Now it becomes clear that this dichotomy doesn't adequately reflect the diversity of macrophage phenotypes in tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a major population of innate immune cells in the TME that promotes tumor cell proliferation, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis, invasion and metastatic niche formation, as well as response to anti-tumor therapy. However, the fundamental restriction in therapeutic TAM targeting is the limited knowledge about the specific TAM states in distinct human cancer types. Here we summarized the results of the most recent studies that use advanced technologies (e.g. single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics) allowing to decipher novel functional subsets of TAMs in numerous human cancers. The transcriptomic profiles of these TAM subsets and their clinical significance were described. We emphasized the characteristics of specific TAM subpopulations - TREM2+, SPP1+, MARCO+, FOLR2+, SIGLEC1+, APOC1+, C1QC+, and others, which have been most extensively characterized in several cancers, and are associated with cancer prognosis. Spatial transcriptomics technologies defined specific spatial interactions between TAMs and other cell types, especially fibroblasts, in tumors. Spatial transcriptomics methods were also applied to identify markers of immunotherapy response, which are expressed by macrophages or in the macrophage-abundant regions. We highlighted the perspectives for novel techniques that utilize spatial and single cell resolution in investigating new ligand-receptor interactions for effective immunotherapy based on TAM-targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Militsa Rakina
- Laboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634009, Russia
| | - Irina Larionova
- Laboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
- Laboratory of Molecular Therapy of Cancer, Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, 634009, Russia
| | - Julia Kzhyshkowska
- Laboratory of Translational Cellular and Molecular Biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, 634050, Russia
- Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
- German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Mannheim, 68167, Germany
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6
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Walther M, Jenke R, Aigner A, Ewe A. Efficient polymeric nanoparticles for RNAi in macrophage reveal complex effects on polarization markers upon knockdown of STAT3/STAT6. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 197:114232. [PMID: 38395176 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) are the most abundant immune cell type in the tissue microenvironment, affecting tumor progression, metastasis and therapeutic response. Different macrophage activation ("polarization") states can be distinguished: resting (M0; non-activated), pro-inflammatory/anti-tumorigenic (M1) and anti-inflammatory/pro-tumorigenic (M2). When exploring macrophages as targets in novel cancer immunotherapy approaches, TAM repolarization from the M2 into the M1 phenotype is an intriguing strategy to block their pro-tumoral and enhance their anti-tumoral properties. In the context of RNAi-based gene knockdown of M2 promoting genes, major bottlenecks include cellular siRNA delivery and correct intracellular processing. This is particularly true in case of macrophages as a cell type well-known to be notoriously hard-to-transfect. Among polymeric nanocarriers, the cationic polymer polyethylenimine (PEI) is widely explored for delivering nucleic acids. Further advanced nanocarriers are tyrosine-modified polymers based on PEI or polypropylenimine dendrimers (PPI) for highly efficient siRNA delivery in vitro and in vivo. In this paper, we explored a panel of PEI- or PPI-based nanoparticle systems for siRNA-mediated gene knockdown efficacy in macrophages and subsequent TAM repolarization. The tyrosine-modified linear 10 kDa PEI (LP10Y) or branched 5 kDa PEI (P5Y) as well as a tyrosine-modified PPI (PPI-Y) were found most efficient for gene knockdown in macrophage cell lines or primary macrophages, independent of their polarization. Knockdown of STAT6 or STAT3 led to repolarization of M2 macrophages, as indicated by alterations in various M2 and M1 marker levels. This highly specific approach also demonstrated non-redundant functions of STAT3 and STAT6. Importantly, macrophage re-polarization from M2 to M1 upon PPI-Y/siRNA-mediated STAT6 knockdown increased tumor cell phagocytosis in a co-culture model. In conclusion, we identify certain tyrosine-modified PEI- or PPI-based nanoparticles as particularly efficient for macrophage transfection, and the specific, siRNA-mediated STAT6 knockdown as a promising approach for macrophage repolarization and enhancement of their tumor cell suppressive role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Walther
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Robert Jenke
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Achim Aigner
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Alexander Ewe
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Leipzig University, Faculty of Medicine, Leipzig, Germany.
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Xu N, Zhuo J, Chen Y, Su R, Chen H, Zhang Z, Lian Z, Lu D, Wei X, Zheng S, Xu X, Wang S, Wei Q. Downregulation of N4-acetylcytidine modification in myeloid cells attenuates immunotherapy and exacerbates hepatocellular carcinoma progression. Br J Cancer 2024; 130:201-212. [PMID: 38040817 PMCID: PMC10803308 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-023-02510-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) is a conserved and abundant mRNA modification that controls protein expression by affecting translation efficiency and mRNA stability. Whether the ac4C modification of mRNA regulates hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development or affects the immunotherapy of HCC is unknown. METHODS By constructing an orthotopic transplantation mouse HCC model and isolating tumour-infiltrated immunocytes, we evaluated the ac4C modification intensity using flow cytometry. Remodelin hydrobromide (REM), an ac4C modification inhibitor, was systematically used to understand the extensive role of ac4C modification in immunocyte phenotypes. Single-cell RNA-seq was performed to comprehensively evaluate the changes in the tumour-infiltrating immunocytes and identify targeted cell clusters. RNA-seq and RIP-seq analyses were performed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms. Tyramide Signal Amplification (TSA) analysis on the HCC tissue microarray was performed to explore the clinical relatedness of our findings. RESULTS Ac4C modification promoted M1 macrophage infiltration and reduced myeloid-derived suppressor cell MDSCs infiltration in HCC. The inhibition of ac4C modification induces PDL1 expression by stabilising mRNA in the myeloid cells, thereby attenuating the CTL-mediated tumour cell-killing ability. High infiltration of ac4C+CD11b+ cells is positively related to a better prognosis in patients with HCC. CONCLUSIONS Ac4C modification of myeloid cells enhanced the HCC immunotherapy by suppressing PDL1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Xu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jianyong Zhuo
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yiyuan Chen
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Renyi Su
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Huan Chen
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Zhensheng Zhang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Zhengxing Lian
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Di Lu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Xuyong Wei
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
| | - Shusen Zheng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003, China
- Shulan (Hangzhou) Hospital, Zhejiang Shuren University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310022, China
| | - Xiao Xu
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
| | - Shuai Wang
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Qiang Wei
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- The Fourth Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
- NHC Key Laboratory of Combined Multi-organ Transplantation, Hangzhou, 310003, China.
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Kasica N, Kaleczyc J. Xanthohumol, a prenylated flavonoid from hops (Humulus lupulus L.) exerts multidirectional pro-healing properties towards damaged zebrafish hair cells by regulating the innate immune response. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2024; 483:116809. [PMID: 38211931 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2024.116809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Xanthohumol (XN) is a prominent prenylated flavonoid present in the hop plant (Humulus lupulus L.). Despite undoubted pro-healing properties of hop plant, there is still a need for clinical investigations confirming these effects as well as the underlying molecular mechanisms. The present study was designed to (1) establish the role of XN in non-invasive inflammation induced by chemical damage to zebrafish hair cells, (2) clarify if it influences cell injury severity, neutrophil migration, macrophage activation, cell regeneration, and (3) find out whether it modulates the gene expression profile of chosen immune and stress response markers. All experiments were performed on 3 dpf zebrafish larvae. After fertilization the embryos were transferred to appropriate XN solutions (0.1 μM, 0.3 μM and 0.5 μM). The 40 min 10 μM CuSO4 exposure evoked severe damage to posterior lateral line hair cells triggering a robust acute inflammatory response. Four readouts were selected as the indicators of XN role in the process of inflammation: 1) hair cell death, 2) neutrophil migration towards damaged hair cells, 3) macrophage activation and recruitment to damaged hair cells, 4) hair cell regeneration. The assessments involved in vivo confocal microscopy imaging and qPCR based molecular analysis. It was demonstrated that XN (1) influences death pathway of damaged hair cells by redirecting their severe necrotic phenotype into apoptotic one, (2) impacts the immune response via regulating neutrophil migration, macrophage recruitment and activation (3) modulates gene expression of immune system markers and (4) accelerates hair cell regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Kasica
- Department of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Jerzy Kaleczyc
- Department of Animal Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
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9
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Zhou G, Zhang L, Shao S. The application of MARCO for immune regulation and treatment. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:246. [PMID: 38300385 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-09201-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Macrophage receptor with collagen structure (MARCO) is a member of scavenger receptor class A (SR-A) and shares structural and functional similarities with SR-A1. In recent years, many studies have shown that MARCO can trigger an immune response and has therapeutic potential as a target for immunotherapy. Studies have shown that alterations in MARCO expression following pathogen infection cause changes in the functions of innate and adaptive immune cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells, and T cells, affecting the body's immune response to invading pathogens; thus, MARCO plays a crucial role in triggering the immune response, bridging innate and adaptive immunity, and eliminating pathogens. This paper is a comprehensive summary of the recent research on MARCO. This review focuses on the multiple functions of MARCO, including adhesion, migration, phagocytosis, and cytokine secretion with special emphasis on the complex interactions between MARCO and various types of cells involved in the immune response, as well as possible immune-related mechanisms. In summary, in this review, we discuss the structure and function of MARCO and its role in the immune response and highlight the therapeutic potential of MARCO as a target for immunotherapy. We hope that this review provides a theoretical basis for future research on MARCO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guiyuan Zhou
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361, Zhongshan East Road, Chang'an District, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Shijiazhuang Vocational College of City Economy, No. 12, Wenming Road, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
| | - Suxia Shao
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Hebei Medical University, No. 361, Zhongshan East Road, Chang'an District, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China.
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10
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Canalis E, Yu J, Singh V, Mocarska M, Schilling L. NOTCH2 sensitizes the chondrocyte to the inflammatory response of tumor necrosis factor α. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:105372. [PMID: 37865314 PMCID: PMC10692730 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Notch regulates the immune and inflammatory response and has been associated with the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis in humans and preclinical models of the disease. Notch2tm1.1Ecan mice harbor a NOTCH2 gain-of-function and are sensitized to osteoarthritis, but the mechanisms have not been explored. We examined the effects of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) in chondrocytes from Notch2tm1.1Ecan mice and found that NOTCH2 enhanced the effect of TNFα on Il6 and Il1b expression. Similar results were obtained in cells from a conditional model of NOTCH2 gain-of-function, Notch22.1Ecan mice, and following the expression of the NOTCH2 intracellular domain in vitro. Recombination signal-binding protein for immunoglobulin Kappa J region partners with the NOTCH2 intracellular domain to activate transcription; in the absence of Notch signaling it inhibits transcription, and Rbpj inactivation in chondrocytes resulted in Il6 induction. Although TNFα induced IL6 to a greater extent in the context of NOTCH2 activation, there was a concomitant inhibition of Notch target genes Hes1, Hey1, Hey2, and Heyl. Electrophoretic mobility shift assay demonstrated displacement of recombination signal-binding protein for immunoglobulin Kappa J region from DNA binding sites by TNFα explaining the increased Il6 expression and the concomitant decrease in Notch target genes. NOTCH2 enhanced the effect of TNFα on NF-κB signaling, and RNA-Seq revealed increased expression of pathways associated with inflammation and the phagosome in NOTCH2 overexpressing cells in the absence and presence of TNFα. Collectively, NOTCH2 has important interactions with TNFα resulting in the enhanced expression of Il6 and inflammatory pathways in chondrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Canalis
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA; Department of Medicine, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA; UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
| | - Jungeun Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA; UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Vijender Singh
- Computational Biology Core, Institute for System Genomics, UConn, Storrs, Connecticut, USA
| | - Magda Mocarska
- UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lauren Schilling
- UConn Musculoskeletal Institute, UConn Health, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
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Xi Y, Zhang Y, Zheng K, Zou J, Gui L, Zou X, Chen L, Hao J, Zhang Y. A chemotherapy response prediction model derived from tumor-promoting B and Tregs and proinflammatory macrophages in HGSOC. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1171582. [PMID: 37519793 PMCID: PMC10382026 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1171582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Most patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) experienced disease recurrence with cumulative chemoresistance, leading to treatment failure. However, few biomarkers are currently available in clinical practice that can accurately predict chemotherapy response. The tumor immune microenvironment is critical for cancer development, and its transcriptomic profile may be associated with treatment response and differential outcomes. The aim of this study was to develop a new predictive signature for chemotherapy in patients with HGSOC. Methods Two HGSOC single-cell RNA sequencing datasets from patients receiving chemotherapy were reinvestigated. The subtypes of endoplasmic reticulum stress-related XBP1+ B cells, invasive metastasis-related ACTB+ Tregs, and proinflammatory-related macrophage subtypes with good predictive power and associated with chemotherapy response were identified. These results were verified in an independent HGSOC bulk RNA-seq dataset for chemotherapy. Further validation in clinical cohorts used quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). Results By combining cluster-specific genes for the aforementioned cell subtypes, we constructed a chemotherapy response prediction model containing 43 signature genes that achieved an area under the receiver operator curve (AUC) of 0.97 (p = 2.1e-07) for the GSE156699 cohort (88 samples). A huge improvement was achieved compared to existing prediction models with a maximum AUC of 0.74. In addition, its predictive capability was validated in multiple independent bulk RNA-seq datasets. The qRT-PCR results demonstrate that the expression of the six genes has the highest diagnostic value, consistent with the trend observed in the analysis of public data. Conclusions The developed chemotherapy response prediction model can be used as a valuable clinical decision tool to guide chemotherapy in HGSOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Xi
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Yingchun Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Kun Zheng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiawei Zou
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lv Gui
- Department of Pathology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Zou
- Jinshan Hospital Center for Tumor Diagnosis & Therapy, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Gynecological Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Hao
- Institute of Clinical Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiming Zhang
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
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Zhang X, Chen Y, Li S, Wang J, He Z, Yan J, Liu X, Guo C. MARCO Inhibits Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Infection through Intensifying Viral GP5-Induced Apoptosis. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0475322. [PMID: 37078873 PMCID: PMC10269733 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04753-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Studying viral glycoprotein-host membrane protein interactions contributes to the discovery of novel cell receptors or entry facilitators for viruses. Glycoprotein 5 (GP5), which is a major envelope protein of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) virions, is a key target for the control of the virus. Here, the macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO), which is a member of the scavenger receptor family, was identified as one of the host interactors of GP5 through a DUALmembrane yeast two-hybrid screening. MARCO was specifically expressed on porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs), and PRRSV infection downregulated MARCO expression both in vitro and in vivo. MARCO was not involved in viral adsorption and internalization processes, indicating that MARCO may not be a PRRSV-entry facilitator. Contrarily, MARCO served as a host restriction factor for PRRSV. The knockdown of MARCO in PAMs enhanced PRRSV proliferation, whereas overexpression suppressed viral proliferation. The N-terminal cytoplasmic region of MARCO was responsible for its inhibitory effect on PRRSV. Further, we found that MARCO was a proapoptotic factor in PRRSV-infected PAMs. MARCO knockdown weakened virus-induced apoptosis, whereas overexpression aggravated apoptosis. MARCO aggravated GP5-induced apoptosis, which may result in its proapoptotic function in PAMs. The interaction between MARCO and GP5 may contribute to the intensified apoptosis induced by GP5. Additionally, the inhibition of apoptosis during PRRSV infection weakened the antiviral function of MARCO, suggesting that MARCO inhibits PRRSV through the regulation of apoptosis. Taken together, the results of this study reveal a novel antiviral mechanism of MARCO and suggest a molecular basis for the potential development of therapeutics against PRRSV. IMPORTANCE Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) has been one of the most serious threats to the global swine industry. Glycoprotein 5 (GP5) exposed on the surface of PRRSV virions is a major glycoprotein, and it is involved in viral entry into host cells. A macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO), which is a member of the scavenger receptor family, was identified to interact with PRRSV GP5 in a DUALmembrane yeast two-hybrid screening. Further investigation demonstrated that MARCO may not serve as a potential receptor to mediate PRRSV entry. Instead, MARCO was a host restriction factor for the virus, and the N-terminal cytoplasmic region of MARCO was responsible for its anti-PRRSV effect. Mechanistically, MARCO inhibited PRRSV infection through intensifying virus-induced apoptosis in PAMs. The interaction between MARCO and GP5 may contribute to GP5-induced apoptosis. Our work reveals a novel antiviral mechanism of MARCO and advances the development of control strategies for the virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yongjie Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Songbei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinling Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhan He
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiecong Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunhe Guo
- State Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Prevention and Control of Guangdong Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, People’s Republic of China
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Banushi B, Joseph SR, Lum B, Lee JJ, Simpson F. Endocytosis in cancer and cancer therapy. Nat Rev Cancer 2023:10.1038/s41568-023-00574-6. [PMID: 37217781 DOI: 10.1038/s41568-023-00574-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Endocytosis is a complex process whereby cell surface proteins, lipids and fluid from the extracellular environment are packaged, sorted and internalized into cells. Endocytosis is also a mechanism of drug internalization into cells. There are multiple routes of endocytosis that determine the fate of molecules, from degradation in the lysosomes to recycling back to the plasma membrane. The overall rates of endocytosis and temporal regulation of molecules transiting through endocytic pathways are also intricately linked with signalling outcomes. This process relies on an array of factors, such as intrinsic amino acid motifs and post-translational modifications. Endocytosis is frequently disrupted in cancer. These disruptions lead to inappropriate retention of receptor tyrosine kinases on the tumour cell membrane, changes in the recycling of oncogenic molecules, defective signalling feedback loops and loss of cell polarity. In the past decade, endocytosis has emerged as a pivotal regulator of nutrient scavenging, response to and regulation of immune surveillance and tumour immune evasion, tumour metastasis and therapeutic drug delivery. This Review summarizes and integrates these advances into the understanding of endocytosis in cancer. The potential to regulate these pathways in the clinic to improve cancer therapy is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blerida Banushi
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Shannon R Joseph
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Benedict Lum
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jason J Lee
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Fiona Simpson
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia.
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Sanchez-Moral L, Paul T, Martori C, Font-Díaz J, Sanjurjo L, Aran G, Téllez É, Blanco J, Carrillo J, Ito M, Tuttolomondo M, Ditzel HJ, Fumagalli C, Tapia G, Sidorova J, Masnou H, Fernández-Sanmartín MA, Lozano JJ, Vilaplana C, Rodriguez-Cortés A, Armengol C, Valledor AF, Kremer L, Sarrias MR. Macrophage CD5L is a target for cancer immunotherapy. EBioMedicine 2023; 91:104555. [PMID: 37054630 PMCID: PMC10139961 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reprogramming of immunosuppressive tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) presents an attractive therapeutic strategy in cancer. The aim of this study was to explore the role of macrophage CD5L protein in TAM activity and assess its potential as a therapeutic target. METHODS Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against recombinant CD5L were raised by subcutaneous immunization of BALB/c mice. Peripheral blood monocytes were isolated from healthy donors and stimulated with IFN/LPS, IL4, IL10, and conditioned medium (CM) from different cancer cell lines in the presence of anti-CD5L mAb or controls. Subsequently, phenotypic markers, including CD5L, were quantified by flow cytometry, IF and RT-qPCR. Macrophage CD5L protein expression was studied in 55 human papillary lung adenocarcinoma (PAC) samples by IHC and IF. Anti-CD5L mAb and isotype control were administered intraperitoneally into a syngeneic Lewis Lung Carcinoma mouse model and tumor growth was measured. Tumor microenvironment (TME) changes were determined by flow cytometry, IHC, IF, Luminex, RNAseq and RT-qPCR. FINDINGS Cancer cell lines CM induced an immunosuppressive phenotype (increase in CD163, CD206, MERTK, VEGF and CD5L) in cultured macrophages. Accordingly, high TAM expression of CD5L in PAC was associated with poor patient outcome (Log-rank (Mantel-Cox) test p = 0.02). We raised a new anti-CD5L mAb that blocked the immunosuppressive phenotype of macrophages in vitro. Its administration in vivo inhibited tumor progression of lung cancer by altering the intratumoral myeloid cell population profile and CD4+ T-cell exhaustion phenotype, thereby significantly modifying the TME and increasing the inflammatory milieu. INTERPRETATION CD5L protein plays a key function in modulating the activity of macrophages and their interactions within the TME, which supports its role as a therapeutic target in cancer immunotherapy. FUNDING For a full list of funding bodies, please see the Acknowledgements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Sanchez-Moral
- Innate Immunity Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Tony Paul
- Innate Immunity Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Clara Martori
- Innate Immunity Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain; Departament de Farmacologia, Terapèutica i Toxicologia, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Joan Font-Díaz
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, School of Biology, University of Barcelona and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lucía Sanjurjo
- Innate Immunity Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Gemma Aran
- Innate Immunity Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Érica Téllez
- Innate Immunity Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Julià Blanco
- Virology and Cellular Immunology (VIC), IrsiCaixa, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Jorge Carrillo
- Virology and Cellular Immunology (VIC), IrsiCaixa, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Masaoki Ito
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, 739-8527 Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Martina Tuttolomondo
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark
| | - Henrik J Ditzel
- Department of Cancer and Inflammation Research, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense, Denmark; Department of Oncology, Odense University Hospital, 5220 Odense, Denmark
| | - Caterina Fumagalli
- Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, 08025, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gustavo Tapia
- Pathology Department, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital (HUGTiP), 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Julia Sidorova
- Bioinformatics Platform, CIBERehd, 08036 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Helena Masnou
- Gastroenterology Department, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital (HUGTiP), 08916 Badalona, Spain; Network for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Cristina Vilaplana
- Experimental Tuberculosis Unit, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain; Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Microbiology Department, Laboratori Clínic Metropolitana Nord, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Alhelí Rodriguez-Cortés
- Departament de Farmacologia, Terapèutica i Toxicologia, Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Carolina Armengol
- Network for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain; Childhood Liver Oncology Group, Program of Predictive and Personalized Medicine of Cancer (PMPCC), IGTP, 08916 Badalona, Spain
| | - Annabel F Valledor
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, School of Biology, University of Barcelona and Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leonor Kremer
- Protein Tools Unit and Department of Immunology and Oncology, Centro Nacional de Biotecnología (CNB-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Maria-Rosa Sarrias
- Innate Immunity Group, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), 08916 Badalona, Spain; Network for Biomedical Research in Hepatic and Digestive Diseases (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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Marchwicka A, Nowak K, Satyr A, Wołowiec D, Marcinkowska E. Immuno-Stimulating Activity of 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D in Blood Cells from Five Healthy People and in Blasts from Five Patients with Leukemias and Pre-Leukemic States. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076504. [PMID: 37047477 PMCID: PMC10094698 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Hematological malignancies are characterized by an immortalization, uncontrolled proliferation of blood cells and their differentiation block, followed by the loss of function. The primary goal in the treatment of leukemias is the elimination of rapidly proliferating leukemic cells (named blasts). However, chemotherapy, which removes proliferating blasts, also prevents the remaining immune cells from being activated. Acute leukemias affect elderly people, who are often not fit to survive aggressive chemotherapy. Therefore, there is a need of milder treatment, named differentiation therapy, which might simulate the immune system of the patient. 1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D, or low-calcemic analogs of this compound, were proposed as supporting therapy in acute leukemias. (2) Bone marrow blasts from patients with hematological malignancies, and leukocytes from healthy volunteers were ex vivo exposed to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D, and then their genomes and transcriptomes were investigated. (3) Our analysis indicates that 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D regulates in blood cells predominantly genes involved in immune response, such as CAMP (cathelicidin antimicrobial peptide), CP (ceruloplasmin), CXCL9 (C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9), CD14 (CD14 molecule) or VMO1 (vitelline membrane outer layer 1 homolog). This concerns blood cells from healthy people, as well as blasts from patients with hematological malignancies. In addition, in one patient, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D significantly downregulated transcription of genes responsible for cell division and immortalization. (4) In conclusion, the data presented in this paper suggest that addition of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D to the currently available treatments would stimulate immune system, inhibit proliferation and reduce immortal potential of blasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Marchwicka
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Kuba Nowak
- Faculty of Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 15, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Anastasiia Satyr
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, Poland
| | - Dariusz Wołowiec
- Department of Hematology, Blood Neoplasms and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Wrocław Medical University, Pasteura 4, 50-367 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Ewa Marcinkowska
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Joliot-Curie 14a, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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Sun Y, Xiao W, Yu Y, Jiang Y, Xiao Z, Huang D, Zhong T, Li J, Xiang X, He Y, Li Z. Colorectal cancer-derived extracellular vesicles containing HSP70 enhance macrophage phagocytosis by up-regulating MARCO expression. Exp Cell Res 2023; 426:113565. [PMID: 36958650 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2023.113565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, we have realized that extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a critical role in regulating the intercellular communication between tumor and immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Tumor-derived extracellular vesicles (TDEVs) profoundly affect the functional changes of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and promote their M2 polarization. Meanwhile, macrophages have a strong phagocytic ability in phagocytosing apoptotic cells. Especially in the course of chemotherapy or radiotherapy, TAMs can phagocytose and remove apoptotic tumor cells, showing anti-inflammatory and pro-tumor effects. However, the underlying mechanisms by which TDEVs regulate macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic tumor cells have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we focused on the effect of colorectal cancer-derived extracellular vesicles (CRC-EVs) on macrophages. We demonstrated that CRC-EVs enhanced macrophage phagocytosis of apoptotic CRC cells. We then determined that heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) carried in CRC-EVs was responsible for this effect by using mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis and the CRISPR-Cas9 system. Through transcriptome sequencing of macrophages, we found that the enhanced phagocytosis of macrophages was mainly due to the up-regulation of the macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO). In addition, we confirmed that the up-regulation of MARCO was mediated by the AKT-STAT3 signaling pathway. Taken together, this study revealed a novel EVs-mediated macrophage phagocytosis mechanism involved in the clearance of apoptotic tumor cells in TME. Targeting TDEVs may have potential therapeutic applications in tumor treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research; Digestive Medicine Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China; Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Wenjun Xiao
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yang Yu
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yuchen Jiang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Zhijie Xiao
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Defa Huang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341004, China
| | - Tianyu Zhong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, Jiangxi Province, 341004, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Xi Xiang
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yulong He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer Research; Digestive Medicine Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China; Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
| | - Zhigang Li
- Scientific Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, 518107, China.
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17
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MARCO is a potential prognostic and immunotherapy biomarker. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 116:109783. [PMID: 36773567 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage receptor with collagenous structure (MARCO), a novel immune checkpoint expressed on tumor-associated macrophages, has antitumor therapeutic properties. However, the association between MARCO and patient prognosis, immune infiltration, and ICI immunotherapy needs to be studied urgently. METHODS MARCO distribution in cancer tissues was investigated using the TCGA and GTEx databases. The PrognoScan and KM Plotter databases was used to assess the MARCO prognosis. TIMER2.0, GEPIA, cBioPortal, and GSEA all confirmed the link between MARCO and immune infiltration, mutation profile, and enrichment pathway analysis. Data visualization was implemented by R language. RESULTS In general, MARCO had a substantial impact on the prognosis of cancer patients and was expressed differently in cancer and adjacent normal tissues. High expression of MARCO was associated with poorer OS in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA), breast invasive carcinoma (BRCA), lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), and prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD). However, high expression of MARCO had a better PFI in brain lower-grade glioma (LGG) and skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM). We discovered that MARCO expression was lowest in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) and rectum adenocarcinoma (READ) stage 1, BLCA stage 2, LUSC and stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) stage 3, and liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) stage 4. Subsequently, we analyzed the correlation between MARCO and 47 immune checkpoints and observed that MARCO was positively connected with CD80, CD86, and leukocyte-associated immunoglobulin-like receptor 1(LAIR1) in most cancers. In COAD, MARCO has the most microsatellite instability (MSI). In addition, we discovered that high expression of MARCO patients had a better prognosis after immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) treatment in SKCM. Finally, GSEA revealed a significant correlation between MARCO and TNF/NFκB signaling, KRAS signaling, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, IL-6-STAT3 signaling, TGFβ pathway, and p53 pathway. CONCLUSION This study comprehensively investigated the relationship between MARCO and clinical prognosis, immune infiltration, and ICI immunotherapy in various cancers. We demonstrated the potential of MARCO as an emerging biomarker, exploring new avenues for future tumor immunotherapy.
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Kazakova E, Iamshchikov P, Larionova I, Kzhyshkowska J. Macrophage scavenger receptors: Tumor support and tumor inhibition. Front Oncol 2023; 12:1096897. [PMID: 36686729 PMCID: PMC9853406 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1096897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are a heterogeneous population of myeloid cells that constitute up to 50% of the cell mass of human tumors. TAMs interact with the components of the tumor microenvironment (TME) by using scavenger receptors (SRs), a large superfamily of multifunctional receptors that recognize, internalize and transport to the endosomal/lysosomal pathway apoptotic cells, cytokines, matrix molecules, lipid modified lipoproteins and other unwanted-self ligands. In our review, we summarized state-of-the art for the role of macrophage scavenger receptors in tumor development and their significance as cancer biomarkers. In this review we focused on functional activity of TAM-expressing SRs in animal models and in patients, and summarized the data for different human cancer types about the prognostic significance of TAM-expressed SRs. We discussed the role of SRs in the regulation of cancer cell biology, cell-cell and cell-matrix interaction in TME, immune status in TME, angiogenesis, and intratumoral metabolism. Targeting of tumor-promoting SRs can be a promising therapeutic approach in anti-cancer therapy. In our review we provide evidence for both tumor supporting and tumor inhibiting functions of scavenger receptors expressed on TAMs. We focused on the key differences in the prognostic and functional roles of SRs that are specific for cancer types. We highlighted perspectives for inhibition of tumor-promoting SRs in anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Kazakova
- Laboratory of translational cellular and molecular biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia,Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Pavel Iamshchikov
- Laboratory of translational cellular and molecular biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia,Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Irina Larionova
- Laboratory of translational cellular and molecular biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia,Cancer Research Institute, Tomsk National Research Medical Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Tomsk, Russia,Laboratory of Genetic Technologies, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia
| | - Julia Kzhyshkowska
- Laboratory of translational cellular and molecular biomedicine, National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia,Laboratory of Genetic Technologies, Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia,Institute of Transfusion Medicine and Immunology, Mannheim Institute for Innate Immunoscience (MI3), Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany,German Red Cross Blood Service Baden-Württemberg – Hessen, Mannheim, Germany,*Correspondence: Julia Kzhyshkowska,
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Yang R, Liu Q, Zhang M. The Past and Present Lives of the Intraocular Transmembrane Protein CD36. Cells 2022; 12:cells12010171. [PMID: 36611964 PMCID: PMC9818597 DOI: 10.3390/cells12010171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36) belongs to the B2 receptors of the scavenger receptor class B family, which is comprised of single-chain secondary transmembrane glycoproteins. It is present in a variety of cell types, including monocytes, macrophages, microvascular endothelial cells, adipocytes, hepatocytes, platelets, skeletal muscle cells, kidney cells, cardiomyocytes, taste bud cells, and a variety of other cell types. CD36 can be localized on the cell surface, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and endosomes, playing a role in lipid accumulation, oxidative stress injury, apoptosis, and inflammatory signaling. Recent studies have found that CD36 is expressed in a variety of ocular cells, including retinal pigment epithelium (RPE), retinal microvascular endothelial cells, retinal ganglion cells (RGC), Müller cells, and photoreceptor cells, playing an important role in eye diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and glaucoma. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of CD36 function and downstream signaling pathways is of great significance for the prevention and treatment of eye diseases. This article reviews the molecular characteristics, distribution, and function of scavenger receptor CD36 and its role in ophthalmology in order to deepen the understanding of CD36 in eye diseases and provide new ideas for treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rucui Yang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou University, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Qingping Liu
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Mingzhi Zhang
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center of Shantou University and The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou 515041, China
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20
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Xia ZA, Zhou Y, Li J, He J. Integrated Analysis of Single-Cell and Bulk RNA-Sequencing Reveals a Tissue-Resident Macrophage-Related Signature for Predicting Immunotherapy Response in Breast Cancer Patients. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14225506. [PMID: 36428599 PMCID: PMC9688720 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14225506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) is among the widely used treatments for breast cancer (BC), but most patients do not respond to ICT and the availability of the predictive biomarkers is limited. Emerging evidence indicates that tissue-resident macrophages (RTMs) inhibit BC progression, suggesting that their presence may predict immunotherapy response. A single-cell RNA-sequencing analysis of BC samples was performed to identify five RTM clusters with a mixed phenotype of M1-M2 macrophages. The comprehensive results showed that a high score of each RTM cluster was associated with a high infiltration of CD8+ T cells, M1 macrophages, and dendritic cells, and improved overall survival. In addition, a low score of each RTM cluster was associated with a high infiltration of M0 macrophages, naïve B cells and Tregs, and poor overall survival. Gene signatures from each RTM cluster were significantly enriched in responders compared with nonresponders. Each RTM cluster expression was significantly higher in responders than in nonresponders. The analyses of bulk RNA-seq datasets of BC samples led to identification and validation of a gene expression signature, named RTM.Sig, which contained the related genes of RTM clusters for predicting response to immunotherapy. This study highlights RTM.Sig could provide a valuable tool for clinical decisions in administering ICT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-An Xia
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
| | - You Zhou
- Department of Pathology, Tongji Medical College Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Guangdong 518036, China
| | - Jiang He
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Oncology, Xiangya Cancer Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Radiation Oncology Hunan Province, Changsha 410008, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-151-1135-7101
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21
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Wang Y, Johnson KCC, Gatti-Mays ME, Li Z. Emerging strategies in targeting tumor-resident myeloid cells for cancer immunotherapy. J Hematol Oncol 2022; 15:118. [PMID: 36031601 PMCID: PMC9420297 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-022-01335-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors targeting programmed cell death protein 1, programmed death-ligand 1, and cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 provide deep and durable treatment responses which have revolutionized oncology. However, despite over 40% of cancer patients being eligible to receive immunotherapy, only 12% of patients gain benefit. A key to understanding what differentiates treatment response from non-response is better defining the role of the innate immune system in anti-tumor immunity and immune tolerance. Teleologically, myeloid cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, monocytes, and neutrophils, initiate a response to invading pathogens and tissue repair after pathogen clearance is successfully accomplished. However, in the tumor microenvironment (TME), these innate cells are hijacked by the tumor cells and are imprinted to furthering tumor propagation and dissemination. Major advancements have been made in the field, especially related to the heterogeneity of myeloid cells and their function in the TME at the single cell level, a topic that has been highlighted by several recent international meetings including the 2021 China Cancer Immunotherapy workshop in Beijing. Here, we provide an up-to-date summary of the mechanisms by which major myeloid cells in the TME facilitate immunosuppression, enable tumor growth, foster tumor plasticity, and confer therapeutic resistance. We discuss ongoing strategies targeting the myeloid compartment in the preclinical and clinical settings which include: (1) altering myeloid cell composition within the TME; (2) functional blockade of immune-suppressive myeloid cells; (3) reprogramming myeloid cells to acquire pro-inflammatory properties; (4) modulating myeloid cells via cytokines; (5) myeloid cell therapies; and (6) emerging targets such as Siglec-15, TREM2, MARCO, LILRB2, and CLEVER-1. There is a significant promise that myeloid cell-based immunotherapy will help advance immuno-oncology in years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wang
- Division of Medical Oncology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Margaret E Gatti-Mays
- Division of Medical Oncology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Stefanie Spielman Comprehensive Breast Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
| | - Zihai Li
- Division of Medical Oncology, Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbus, OH, USA.
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22
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Rieu Q, Bougoüin A, Zagar Y, Chatagnon J, Hamieh A, Enderlin J, Huby T, Nandrot EF. Pleiotropic Roles of Scavenger Receptors in Circadian Retinal Phagocytosis: A New Function for Lysosomal SR-B2/LIMP-2 at the RPE Cell Surface. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073445. [PMID: 35408805 PMCID: PMC8998831 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The retinal phagocytic machinery resembles the one used by macrophages to clear apoptotic cells. However, in the retina, the permanent contact between photoreceptor outer segments (POS) and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells requires a tight control of this circadian machinery. In addition to the known receptors synchronizing POS internalization, several others are expressed by RPE cells. Notably, scavenger receptor CD36 has been shown to intervene in the internalization speed. We thus investigated members of the scavenger receptor family class A SR-AI and MARCO and class B CD36, SR-BI and SR-B2/LIMP-2 using immunoblotting, immunohisto- and immunocytochemistry, lipid raft flotation gradients, phagocytosis assays after siRNA/antibody inhibition, RT-qPCR and western blot analysis along the light:dark cycle. All receptors were expressed by RPE cell lines and tissues and colocalized with POS, except SR-BI. All receptors were associated with lipid rafts, and even more upon POS challenge. SR-B2/LIMP-2 inhibition suggested a role in the control of the internalization speed similar to CD36. In vivo, MARCO and CD36 displayed rhythmic gene and protein expression patterns concomitant with the phagocytic peak. Taken together, our results indicate that CD36 and SR-B2/LIMP-2 play a direct regulatory role in POS phagocytosis dynamics, while the others such as MARCO might participate in POS clearance by RPE cells either as co-receptors or via an indirect process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Rieu
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France; (Q.R.); (A.B.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.); (A.H.); (J.E.)
| | - Antoine Bougoüin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France; (Q.R.); (A.B.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.); (A.H.); (J.E.)
| | - Yvrick Zagar
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France; (Q.R.); (A.B.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.); (A.H.); (J.E.)
| | - Jonathan Chatagnon
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France; (Q.R.); (A.B.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.); (A.H.); (J.E.)
| | - Abdallah Hamieh
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France; (Q.R.); (A.B.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.); (A.H.); (J.E.)
| | - Julie Enderlin
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France; (Q.R.); (A.B.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.); (A.H.); (J.E.)
| | - Thierry Huby
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMR-S 1166, F-75013 Paris, France;
| | - Emeline F. Nandrot
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, CNRS, Institut de la Vision, 17 rue Moreau, F-75012 Paris, France; (Q.R.); (A.B.); (Y.Z.); (J.C.); (A.H.); (J.E.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-1-5346-2541; Fax: +33-1-5346-2602
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