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Bigos KJA, Quiles CG, Lunj S, Smith DJ, Krause M, Troost EGC, West CM, Hoskin P, Choudhury A. Tumour response to hypoxia: understanding the hypoxic tumour microenvironment to improve treatment outcome in solid tumours. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1331355. [PMID: 38352889 PMCID: PMC10861654 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1331355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common feature of solid tumours affecting their biology and response to therapy. One of the main transcription factors activated by hypoxia is hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF), which regulates the expression of genes involved in various aspects of tumourigenesis including proliferative capacity, angiogenesis, immune evasion, metabolic reprogramming, extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling, and cell migration. This can negatively impact patient outcomes by inducing therapeutic resistance. The importance of hypoxia is clearly demonstrated by continued research into finding clinically relevant hypoxia biomarkers, and hypoxia-targeting therapies. One of the problems is the lack of clinically applicable methods of hypoxia detection, and lack of standardisation. Additionally, a lot of the methods of detecting hypoxia do not take into consideration the complexity of the hypoxic tumour microenvironment (TME). Therefore, this needs further elucidation as approximately 50% of solid tumours are hypoxic. The ECM is important component of the hypoxic TME, and is developed by both cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) and tumour cells. However, it is important to distinguish the different roles to develop both biomarkers and novel compounds. Fibronectin (FN), collagen (COL) and hyaluronic acid (HA) are important components of the ECM that create ECM fibres. These fibres are crosslinked by specific enzymes including lysyl oxidase (LOX) which regulates the stiffness of tumours and induces fibrosis. This is partially regulated by HIFs. The review highlights the importance of understanding the role of matrix stiffness in different solid tumours as current data shows contradictory results on the impact on therapeutic resistance. The review also indicates that further research is needed into identifying different CAF subtypes and their exact roles; with some showing pro-tumorigenic capacity and others having anti-tumorigenic roles. This has made it difficult to fully elucidate the role of CAFs within the TME. However, it is clear that this is an important area of research that requires unravelling as current strategies to target CAFs have resulted in worsened prognosis. The role of immune cells within the tumour microenvironment is also discussed as hypoxia has been associated with modulating immune cells to create an anti-tumorigenic environment. Which has led to the development of immunotherapies including PD-L1. These hypoxia-induced changes can confer resistance to conventional therapies, such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and immunotherapy. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the impact of hypoxia on the TME and its implications for therapy resistance. It also discusses the potential of hypoxia biomarkers as prognostic and predictive indictors of treatment response, as well as the challenges and opportunities of targeting hypoxia in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamilla JA. Bigos
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Conrado G. Quiles
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Sapna Lunj
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Danielle J. Smith
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Mechthild Krause
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), partner site Dresden and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy and Image-guided High Precision Radiotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy and Image-guided High Precision Radiotherapy, Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- School of Medicine, Technische Universitat Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Esther GC. Troost
- OncoRay – National Center for Radiation Research in Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiation Oncology, National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy and Image-guided High Precision Radiotherapy, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Translational Radiooncology and Clinical Radiotherapy and Image-guided High Precision Radiotherapy, Helmholtz Association / Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden - Rossendorf (HZDR), Dresden, Germany
- School of Medicine, Technische Universitat Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Radiooncology – OncoRay, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Rossendorf, Germany
| | - Catharine M. West
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Christie Hospital, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Hoskin
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Mount Vernon Cancer Centre, Northwood, United Kingdom
| | - Ananya Choudhury
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
- Christie Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, Germany
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Håkansson J, Jenndahl L, Simonsson S, Johansson ME, Larsson K, Strehl R, Olsen Ekerhult T. De- and recellularized urethral reconstruction with autologous buccal mucosal cells implanted in an ovine animal model. BIOMED ENG-BIOMED TE 2023; 68:493-501. [PMID: 36999273 DOI: 10.1515/bmt-2022-0386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with urethral stricture due to any type of trauma, hypospadias or gender dysphoria suffer immensely from impaired capacity to urinate and are in need of a new functional urethra. Tissue engineering with decellularization of a donated organ recellularized with cells from the recipient patient has emerged as a promising alternative of advanced therapy medicinal products. The aim of this pilot study was to develop an ovine model of urethral transplantation and to produce an individualized urethra graft to show proof of function in vivo. METHODS Donated urethras from ram abattoir waste were decellularized and further recellularized with autologous buccal mucosa epithelial cells excised from the recipient ram and expanded in vitro. The individualized urethral grafts were implanted by reconstructive surgery in rams replacing 2.5 ± 0.5 cm of the native penile urethra. RESULTS After surgery optimization, three ram had the tissue engineered urethra implanted for one month and two out of three showed a partially regenerated epithelium. CONCLUSIONS Further adjustments of the model are needed to achieve a satisfactory proof-of-concept; however, we interpret these findings as a proof of principle and a possible path to develop a functional tissue engineered urethral graft with de- and recellularization and regeneration in vivo after transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joakim Håkansson
- Division Materials and production, RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Unit of Biological Function, Borås, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Stina Simonsson
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Martin E Johansson
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Center for Cancer Research, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Larsson
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Biomedicine at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Teresa Olsen Ekerhult
- Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Urology, Västra Götaland Region, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Corral-Nájera K, Chauhan G, Serna-Saldívar SO, Martínez-Chapa SO, Aeinehvand MM. Polymeric and biological membranes for organ-on-a-chip devices. MICROSYSTEMS & NANOENGINEERING 2023; 9:107. [PMID: 37649779 PMCID: PMC10462672 DOI: 10.1038/s41378-023-00579-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Membranes are fundamental elements within organ-on-a-chip (OOC) platforms, as they provide adherent cells with support, allow nutrients (and other relevant molecules) to permeate/exchange through membrane pores, and enable the delivery of mechanical or chemical stimuli. Through OOC platforms, physiological processes can be studied in vitro, whereas OOC membranes broaden knowledge of how mechanical and chemical cues affect cells and organs. OOCs with membranes are in vitro microfluidic models that are used to replace animal testing for various applications, such as drug discovery and disease modeling. In this review, the relevance of OOCs with membranes is discussed as well as their scaffold and actuation roles, properties (physical and material), and fabrication methods in different organ models. The purpose was to aid readers with membrane selection for the development of OOCs with specific applications in the fields of mechanistic, pathological, and drug testing studies. Mechanical stimulation from liquid flow and cyclic strain, as well as their effects on the cell's increased physiological relevance (IPR), are described in the first section. The review also contains methods to fabricate synthetic and ECM (extracellular matrix) protein membranes, their characteristics (e.g., thickness and porosity, which can be adjusted depending on the application, as shown in the graphical abstract), and the biological materials used for their coatings. The discussion section joins and describes the roles of membranes for different research purposes and their advantages and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kendra Corral-Nájera
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, 64849 Mexico
| | - Gaurav Chauhan
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, 64849 Mexico
| | - Sergio O. Serna-Saldívar
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, 64849 Mexico
| | - Sergio O. Martínez-Chapa
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, 64849 Mexico
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Aeinehvand
- School of Engineering and Science, Tecnológico de Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, 64849 Mexico
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A review on regulation of cell cycle by extracellular matrix. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 232:123426. [PMID: 36708893 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a network of structural proteins, glycoproteins and proteoglycans that assists independent cells in aggregating and forming highly organized functional structures. ECM serves numerous purposes and is an essential component of tissue structure and functions. Initially, the role of ECM was considered to be confined to passive functions like providing mechanical strength and structural identity to tissues, serving as barriers and platforms for cells. The doors to understanding ECM's proper role in tissue functioning opened with the discovery of cellular receptors, integrins to which ECM components binds and influences cellular activities. Understanding and utilizing ECM's potential to control cellular function has become a topic of much interest in recent decades, providing different outlooks to study processes involved in developmental programs, wound healing and tumour progression. On another front, the regulatory mechanisms operating to prevent errors in the cell cycle have been topics of a titanic amount of studies. This is expected as many diseases, most infamously cancer, are associated with defects in their functioning. This review focuses on how ECM, through different methods, influences the progression of the somatic cell cycle and provides deeper insights into molecular mechanisms of functional communication between adhesion complex, signalling pathways and cell cycle machinery.
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Blokland KEC, Nizamoglu M, Habibie H, Borghuis T, Schuliga M, Melgert BN, Knight DA, Brandsma CA, Pouwels SD, Burgess JK. Substrate stiffness engineered to replicate disease conditions influence senescence and fibrotic responses in primary lung fibroblasts. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:989169. [PMID: 36408252 PMCID: PMC9673045 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.989169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In fibrosis remodelling of ECM leads to changes in composition and stiffness. Such changes can have a major impact on cell functions including proliferation, secretory profile and differentiation. Several studies have reported that fibrosis is characterised by increased senescence and accumulating evidence suggests that changes to the ECM including altered composition and increased stiffness may contribute to premature cellular senescence. This study investigated if increased stiffness could modulate markers of senescence and/or fibrosis in primary human lung fibroblasts. Using hydrogels representing stiffnesses that fall within healthy and fibrotic ranges, we cultured primary fibroblasts from non-diseased lung tissue on top of these hydrogels for up to 7 days before assessing senescence and fibrosis markers. Fibroblasts cultured on stiffer (±15 kPa) hydrogels showed higher Yes-associated protein-1 (YAP) nuclear translocation compared to soft hydrogels. When looking at senescence-associated proteins we also found higher secretion of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) but no change in transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) or connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) expression and higher decorin protein deposition on stiffer matrices. With respect to genes associated with fibrosis, fibroblasts on stiffer hydrogels compared to soft had higher expression of smooth muscle alpha (α)-2 actin (ACTA2), collagen (COL) 1A1 and fibulin-1 (Fbln1) and higher Fbln1 protein deposition after 7 days. Our results show that exposure of lung fibroblasts to fibrotic stiffness activates genes and secreted factors that are part of fibrotic responses and part of the Senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). This overlap may contribute to the creation of a feedback loop whereby fibroblasts create a perpetuating cycle reinforcing progression of a fibrotic response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaj E. C. Blokland
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Newcastle, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Mehmet Nizamoglu
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Habibie Habibie
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Groningen, Netherlands
- Hasanuddin University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Theo Borghuis
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Michael Schuliga
- University of Newcastle, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
| | - Barbro N. Melgert
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Groningen Research Institute of Pharmacy, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Darryl A. Knight
- University of Newcastle, School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, Callaghan, NSW, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Research Excellence in Pulmonary Fibrosis, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Providence Health Care Research Institute, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Corry-Anke Brandsma
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Simon D. Pouwels
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pulmonology, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Janette K. Burgess
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Pathology and Medical Biology, Groningen, Netherlands
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD, Groningen, Netherlands
- *Correspondence: Janette K. Burgess,
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RNF2 mediates pulmonary fibroblasts activation and proliferation by regulating mTOR and p16-CDK4-Rb1 signaling pathway. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:1283-1303. [PMID: 35933565 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01617-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a chronic, progressive interstitial lung disease with unknown etiology, associated with increasing morbidity and pessimistic prognosis. Pulmonary fibroblasts (PFbs) are the key effector cells of PF, in which abnormal activation and proliferation is an important pathogenesis of PF. Ring finger protein 2 (RNF2), is identified as the catalytic subunit of poly-comb repressive complex 1, which is closely related to occurrence and development of lung cancer, but its function in PF has not been revealed. In this paper, we sought to identify the regulatory role of RNF2 in lung fibrogenesis and its underlying mechanisms. METHODS The expression of RNF2 in lung fibrosis tissue (human and Bleomycin-induced mouse) and cell model (TGF-β1-induced HFL1 cells) was examined by immunoblotting analysis and immunofluorescence. Western blot, qRT-PCR were performed to evaluate the expression of pro-fibrogenic cytokines (including α-SMA, ECM and MMPs/ TIMPs) induced by TGF-β1 in HFL1 cells. Cell proliferation, cycle progression and apoptosis were examined by fow cytometric. Molecular interactions were tested by Co-IP assays. RESULTS RNF2 expression was elevated in PF tissues compared to normal adjacent tissues and in PFbs (HFL1) induced by TGF-β1. Furthermore, knockdown of RNF2 could evidently inhibit the abnormal expression of pro-fibrogenic cytokines (including α-SMA, ECM and MMPs/TIMPs) induced by TGF-β1 in HFL1 cells. Functionally, RNF2 silencing could significantly suppress TGF-β1-induced anomalous proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis and autophagy in HFL1 cells. Mechanistically, RNF2 deficiency could effectively inhibit the abnormal activation of mTOR signaling pathway in TGF-β1-induced HFL1 cells, and mTOR pathway had feedback regulation on the expression of RNF2. Further studies RNF2 could regulate the phosphorylation level of RB1 through interacting with p16 to destroy the binding of p16 and CDK4 competitively. Simultaneously, overexpression of RNF2 could show the opposite results. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that RNF2 is a potent pro-fibrogenic molecule for PFbs activation and proliferation through mTOR and p16-CDK4-Rb signaling pathways, and RNF2 inhibition will be a potential therapeutic avenue for treating PF.
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Russo M, Cejas CM, Pitingolo G. Advances in microfluidic 3D cell culture for preclinical drug development. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2022; 187:163-204. [PMID: 35094774 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2021.07.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Drug development is often a very long, costly, and risky process due to the lack of reliability in the preclinical studies. Traditional current preclinical models, mostly based on 2D cell culture and animal testing, are not full representatives of the complex in vivo microenvironments and often fail. In order to reduce the enormous costs, both financial and general well-being, a more predictive preclinical model is needed. In this chapter, we review recent advances in microfluidic 3D cell culture showing how its development has allowed the introduction of in vitro microphysiological systems, laying the foundation for organ-on-a-chip technology. These findings provide the basis for numerous preclinical drug discovery assays, which raise the possibility of using micro-engineered systems as emerging alternatives to traditional models, based on 2D cell culture and animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Russo
- Microfluidics, MEMS, Nanostructures (MMN), CNRS UMR 8231, Institut Pierre Gilles de Gennes (IPGG) ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, Paris France.
| | - Cesare M Cejas
- Microfluidics, MEMS, Nanostructures (MMN), CNRS UMR 8231, Institut Pierre Gilles de Gennes (IPGG) ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University, Paris France
| | - Gabriele Pitingolo
- Bioassays, Microsystems and Optical Engineering Unit, BIOASTER, Paris France
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Zhu J, Yang G. H 2S signaling and extracellular matrix remodeling in cardiovascular diseases: A tale of tense relationship. Nitric Oxide 2021; 116:14-26. [PMID: 34428564 DOI: 10.1016/j.niox.2021.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) is a non-cellular three-dimensional macromolecular network that not only provides mechanical support but also transduces essential molecular signals in organ functions. ECM is constantly remodeled to control tissue homeostasis, responsible for cell adhesion, cell migration, cell-to-cell communication, and cell differentiation, etc. The dysregulation of ECM components contributes to various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, fibrosis, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases, etc. Aberrant ECM remodeling is initiated by various stress, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, ischemia, and mechanical stress, etc. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter that exhibits a wide variety of cytoprotective and physiological functions through its anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory actions. Amounting research shows that H2S can attenuate aberrant ECM remodeling. In this review, we discussed the implications and mechanisms of H2S in the regulation of ECM remodeling in cardiovascular diseases, and highlighted the potential of H2S in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases through attenuating adverse ECM remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiechun Zhu
- School of Biological, Chemical & Forensic Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada
| | - Guangdong Yang
- School of Biological, Chemical & Forensic Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada; Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research Unit, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Canada.
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Chethikkattuveli Salih AR, Hyun K, Asif A, Soomro AM, Farooqi HMU, Kim YS, Kim KH, Lee JW, Huh D, Choi KH. Extracellular Matrix Optimization for Enhanced Physiological Relevance in Hepatic Tissue-Chips. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3016. [PMID: 34503056 PMCID: PMC8434375 DOI: 10.3390/polym13173016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular microenvironment is influenced explicitly by the extracellular matrix (ECM), the main tissue support biomaterial, as a decisive factor for tissue growth patterns. The recent emergence of hepatic microphysiological systems (MPS) provide the basic physiological emulation of the human liver for drug screening. However, engineering microfluidic devices with standardized surface coatings of ECM may improve MPS-based organ-specific emulation for improved drug screening. The influence of surface coatings of different ECM types on tissue development needs to be optimized. Additionally, an intensity-based image processing tool and transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) sensor may assist in the analysis of tissue formation capacity under the influence of different ECM types. The current study highlights the role of ECM coatings for improved tissue formation, implying the additional role of image processing and TEER sensors. We studied hepatic tissue formation under the influence of multiple concentrations of Matrigel, collagen, fibronectin, and poly-L-lysine. Based on experimental data, a mathematical model was developed, and ECM concentrations were validated for better tissue development. TEER sensor and image processing data were used to evaluate the development of a hepatic MPS for human liver physiology modeling. Image analysis data for tissue formation was further strengthened by metabolic quantification of albumin, urea, and cytochrome P450. Standardized ECM type for MPS may improve clinical relevance for modeling hepatic tissue microenvironment, and image processing possibly enhance the tissue analysis of the MPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdul Rahim Chethikkattuveli Salih
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
| | - Kinam Hyun
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
| | - Arun Asif
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
| | - Afaque Manzoor Soomro
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Sukkur IBA University, Airport Road, Sukkur 65200, Pakistan;
| | - Hafiz Muhammad Umer Farooqi
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
| | | | - Kyung Hwan Kim
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
| | - Jae Wook Lee
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
| | - Dongeun Huh
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Kyung Hyun Choi
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Jeju National University, Jeju-si 63243, Korea; (A.R.C.S.); (K.H.); (A.A.); (H.M.U.F.); (K.H.K.); (J.W.L.)
- BioSpero, Inc., Jeju-si 63243, Korea;
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Active agents loaded extracellular matrix mimetic electrospun membranes for wound healing applications. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Phan VHG, Le TMD, Janarthanan G, Ngo PKT, Lee DS, Thambi T. Development of bioresorbable smart injectable hydrogels based on thermo-responsive copolymer integrated bovine serum albumin bioconjugates for accelerated healing of excisional wounds. J IND ENG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2021.01.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Han J, Pang X, Shi X, Zhang Y, Peng Z, Xing Y. Ginkgo Biloba Extract EGB761 Ameliorates the Extracellular Matrix Accumulation and Mesenchymal Transformation of Renal Tubules in Diabetic Kidney Disease by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6657206. [PMID: 33860049 PMCID: PMC8009711 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6657206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The study is aimed at investigating the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract EGB761 on renal tubular damage and endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) in diabetic kidney disease (DKD). A total of 50 C57BL/6 N mice were randomly divided into the normal group, DKD group, DKD+EGB761 group (36 mg/kg), and DKD+4-phenylbutyrate (4-PBA) group (1 g/kg). The DKD model was replicated by high-fat diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). Renal tubular epithelial cells (HK-2) were divided into the control group, high-glucose group (30 mmol/L), EGB761 group (40 mg/L, 20 mg/L, 10 mg/L), TM group, and TM+4-PBA group. After 8 weeks of administration, expressions of serum creatinine (Scr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), 24 h urinary protein (24 h Pro), fasting blood glucose (FBG), β 2-microglobulin (β 2-MG), and retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) of mice were tested. The pathological changes of renal tissue were observed. The expressions of extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), E-cadherin, fibronectin, and collagen IV, as well as the ERS markers GRP78 and ATF6, were tested by Western blot, qPCR, immunohistochemistry, or immunofluorescence. EGB761 could decrease the Scr, BUN, 24 h Pro, and FBG levels in the DKD group, alleviate renal pathological injury, decrease urine β 2-MG, RBP4 levels, and decrease the expression of α-SMA, collagen IV, fibronectin, and GRP78, as well as ATF6, while increase the expression of E-cadherin. These findings demonstrate that EGB761 can improve renal function, reduce tubular injury, and ameliorate ECM accumulation and EMT in DKD kidney tubules, and the mechanism may be related to the inhibition of ERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarui Han
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046 Henan, China
| | - Xinxin Pang
- Department of Nephropathy, Henan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine/The Second Hospital Affiliated to Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan, China
| | - Xiujie Shi
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046 Henan, China
| | - Yage Zhang
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046 Henan, China
| | - Zining Peng
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046 Henan, China
| | - Yufeng Xing
- Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046 Henan, China
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13
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Moghimi M, Bakhtiari R, Mehrabadi JF, Jamshidi N, Jamshidi N, Siyadatpanah A, Mitsuwan W, Nissapatorn V. Interaction of human oral cancer and the expression of virulence genes of dental pathogenic bacteria. Microb Pathog 2020; 149:104464. [PMID: 32858118 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are one of the major causes of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. Dental microbiome has been considered as inducing agents in oral carcinogenesis. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the interaction of the gene expression of the dental microbiome and OSCC patients. A cross-sectional study was designed by recruiting confirmed OSCC patients attending the University hospital during October 2018 and July 2019. The dental bacteria were isolated and confirmed by PCR technique. The expression of host and bacterial virulence genes was determined using qPCR. This study shows that 54% of T. forsythia found to be the most predominant organisms in 30 positive cases, followed by 34% of Campylobacter rectus and 29% of Prevotella intermedia. The expression of mRNA levels of bspA, csxA, fadA and interpain A in the OSCC- bacteria positive cases was significantly higher than the control group (P < 0.001). It was further found that interpainA, csxA, fadA, and bspA genes have the potential effects on the cellular gene expression in OSCC patients. A significant correlation was seen between expression patterns of CXCL10, DIAPH1, NCLN and MMP9 genes with interpain A, fadA, and bspA involved in OSCC cases The results indicate that the species specific bacteria may play a role in triggering chronic inflammation in OSCC patients. Therefore, alteration in the gene expression through the dental microbiome could be used as an alternative target in the clinical practice to detect OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansour Moghimi
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Ronak Bakhtiari
- Department of Pathobiology, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | | | | | - Abolghasem Siyadatpanah
- Ferdows School of Paramedical and Health, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Watcharapong Mitsuwan
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
| | - Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- School of Allied Health Sciences and Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand.
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Kallikrein-Related Peptidase 14 Activates Zymogens of Membrane Type Matrix Metalloproteinases (MT-MMPs)-A CleavEx Based Analysis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21124383. [PMID: 32575583 PMCID: PMC7352328 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Kallikrein-related peptidases (KLKs) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are secretory proteinases known to proteolytically process components of the extracellular matrix, modulating the pericellular environment in physiology and in pathologies. The interconnection between these families remains elusive. To assess the cross-activation of these families, we developed a peptide, fusion protein-based exposition system (Cleavage of exposed amino acid sequences, CleavEx) aiming at investigating the potential of KLK14 to recognize and hydrolyze proMMP sequences. Initial assessment identified ten MMP activation domain sequences which were validated by Edman degradation. The analysis revealed that membrane-type MMPs (MT-MMPs) are targeted by KLK14 for activation. Correspondingly, proMMP14-17 were investigated in vitro and found to be effectively processed by KLK14. Again, the expected neo-N-termini of the activated MT-MMPs was confirmed by Edman degradation. The effectiveness of proMMP activation was analyzed by gelatin zymography, confirming the release of fully active, mature MT-MMPs upon KLK14 treatment. Lastly, MMP14 was shown to be processed on the cell surface by KLK14 using murine fibroblasts overexpressing human MMP14. Herein, we propose KLK14-mediated selective activation of cell-membrane located MT-MMPs as an additional layer of their regulation. As both, KLKs and MT-MMPs, are implicated in cancer, their cross-activation may constitute an important factor in tumor progression and metastasis.
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15
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Park S, Lim S, Siriviriyakul P, Jeon JS. Three-dimensional pore network characterization of reconstructed extracellular matrix. Phys Rev E 2020; 101:052414. [PMID: 32575345 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.101.052414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) has a fiber network that provides physical scaffolds to cells and plays important roles by regulating cellular functions. Some previous works characterized the mechanical and geometrical properties of the ECM fiber network using reconstituted collagen-I. However, the characterization of the porous structure of reconstituted collagen-I has been limited to the pore diameter measurement, and pore network extraction has not been applied to reconstituted collagen-I despite the importance of pore interconnectivity. Here, we aim to show the importance of characterizing the pore network of reconstituted collagen-I by comparing the pore networks of structures that have different fiber alignments. We show that the fiber alignment significantly changes the pore throat area but not the pore diameter. Also, we demonstrate that larger pore throats are directed in the direction of the fiber alignment, which may help in understanding the enhanced cell migration when fibers are aligned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongjin Park
- Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Seongjin Lim
- Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Pan Siriviriyakul
- Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
| | - Jessie S Jeon
- Mechanical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34141, Korea
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16
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Karsdal MA, Daniels SJ, Holm Nielsen S, Bager C, Rasmussen DGK, Loomba R, Surabattula R, Villesen IF, Luo Y, Shevell D, Gudmann NS, Nielsen MJ, George J, Christian R, Leeming DJ, Schuppan D. Collagen biology and non-invasive biomarkers of liver fibrosis. Liver Int 2020; 40:736-750. [PMID: 31997561 DOI: 10.1111/liv.14390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
There is an unmet need for high-quality liquid biomarkers that can safely and reproducibly predict the stage of fibrosis and the outcomes of chronic liver disease (CLD). The requirement for such markers has intensified because of the high global prevalence of diseases such as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In particular, there is a need for diagnostic and prognostic tools, as well as predictive biomarkers that reflect the efficacy of interventions, as described by the BEST criteria (Biomarkers, EndpointS, and other Tools Resource). This review covers the various liver collagens, their functional role in tissue homeostasis and delineates the common nomenclature for biomarkers based on BEST criteria. It addresses the common confounders affecting serological biomarkers, and describes defined collagen epitope biomarkers that originate from the dynamic processes of extracellular matrix (ECM) remodelling during liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morten A Karsdal
- Nordic Bioscience, Fibrosis Biomarkers and Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Samuel J Daniels
- Nordic Bioscience, Fibrosis Biomarkers and Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Cecilie Bager
- Nordic Bioscience, Fibrosis Biomarkers and Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Rohit Loomba
- Division of Gastroenterology and Division of Epidemiology, NAFLD Research Center, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Rambabu Surabattula
- Division of Gastroenterology and Division of Epidemiology, NAFLD Research Center, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Ida Falk Villesen
- Nordic Bioscience, Fibrosis Biomarkers and Research, Herlev, Denmark.,University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yi Luo
- Innovative Medicine, Bristol Myers-Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Diane Shevell
- Innovative Medicine, Bristol Myers-Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Natasja S Gudmann
- Nordic Bioscience, Fibrosis Biomarkers and Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Mette J Nielsen
- Nordic Bioscience, Fibrosis Biomarkers and Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Jacob George
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Rose Christian
- Innovative Medicine, Bristol Myers-Squibb, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Diana J Leeming
- Nordic Bioscience, Fibrosis Biomarkers and Research, Herlev, Denmark
| | - Detlef Schuppan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.,Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immune Therapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
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17
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Extracellular Matrix Fragments of the Basement Membrane and the Interstitial Matrix Are Serological Markers of Intestinal Tissue Remodeling and Disease Activity in Dextran Sulfate Sodium Colitis. Dig Dis Sci 2019; 64:3134-3142. [PMID: 31123972 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-019-05676-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic intestinal inflammation results in tissue damage partly caused by an increase in matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) activity causing degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. We studied intestinal tissue remodeling by quantifying ECM protein fragments in serum in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, to investigate ECM protein fragments as serological biomarkers of intestinal tissue remodeling and disease activity. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats received 5% DSS in drinking water for 5 days followed by 11 days with regular water. Disease activity index (DAI) was scored daily. Serum was collected on day 0, 6, 7, and 16. ELISAs were used to quantify MMP-derived remodeling fragments of basement membrane type IV collagen (C4M and PRO-C4) and interstitial matrix type III collagen (C3M and rPRO-C3). RESULTS In DSS rats, serum levels relative to baseline of C4M, PRO-C4, and C3M were elevated (P < 0.01; P < 0.001; P < 0.001) at day 7, which declined at day 16. Levels of rPRO-C3 were lower in DSS rats at day 7 and increased to normal levels at day 16. The ratio between C3M and rPRO-C3 showed an overall degradation (P < 0.0001) of collagen type III in DSS rats at day 7, which correlated to the DAI (r2 = 0.5588, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION Our data suggest that remodeling of the basement membrane (C4M and PRO-C4) and the interstitial matrix (C3M and rPRO-C3) increased during DSS-induced colitis and declined with reversal of the disease. Thus, serological biochemical biomarkers of the ECM reflect tissue remodeling and could be studied as markers of disease activity in IBD.
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18
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Bildyug N. Extracellular Matrix in Regulation of Contractile System in Cardiomyocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5054. [PMID: 31614676 PMCID: PMC6834325 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20205054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The contractile apparatus of cardiomyocytes is considered to be a stable system. However, it undergoes strong rearrangements during heart development as cells progress from their non-muscle precursors. Long-term culturing of mature cardiomyocytes is also accompanied by the reorganization of their contractile apparatus with the conversion of typical myofibrils into structures of non-muscle type. Processes of heart development as well as cell adaptation to culture conditions in cardiomyocytes both involve extracellular matrix changes, which appear to be crucial for the maturation of contractile apparatus. The aim of this review is to analyze the role of extracellular matrix in the regulation of contractile system dynamics in cardiomyocytes. Here, the remodeling of actin contractile structures and the expression of actin isoforms in cardiomyocytes during differentiation and adaptation to the culture system are described along with the extracellular matrix alterations. The data supporting the regulation of actin dynamics by extracellular matrix are highlighted and the possible mechanisms of such regulation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalya Bildyug
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Sciences, St-Petersburg 194064, Russia.
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19
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Jiang X, Wu M, Xu X, Zhang L, Huang Y, Xu Z, He K, Wang H, Wang H, Teng L. COL12A1, a novel potential prognostic factor and therapeutic target in gastric cancer. Mol Med Rep 2019; 20:3103-3112. [PMID: 31432110 PMCID: PMC6755194 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of collagen type XII α1 chain (COL12A1) has been found in several cancer types and could be involved in tumor progression. However, its clinical significance in gastric cancer (GC) remains under exploration. Online databases (Gene Expression Omnibus and UALCAN), reverse transcription-quantitative PCR and immunohistochemistry were utilized in the present study to evaluate the expression of COL12A1 in GC tissues and cell lines. It was found that COL12A1 expression was notably upregulated in GC. Clinicopathological analysis showed that elevated COL12A1 expression was positively correlated with tumor invasiveness, metastasis and advanced clinical stage. The prognostic analysis suggested that high COL12A1 expression contributed to poor overall survival. Multivariate Cox analysis indicated that COL12A1 overexpression was a powerful independent prognostic indicator in patients with GC (hazard ratio, 1.896; 95% CI, 1.267–2.837; P=0.002). The results highlighted the importance of COL12A1 in GC and suggested its potential role as a candidate for clinical outcome prediction and targeted therapy in patients with GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Jiang
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Mengjie Wu
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Xin Xu
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, P.R. China
| | - Yingying Huang
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Xu
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Kuifeng He
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Haiyong Wang
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Haohao Wang
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
| | - Lisong Teng
- Cancer Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310003, P.R. China
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20
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Mizukami Y, Takahashi Y, Shimizu K, Konishi S, Takakura Y, Nishikawa M. Regulation of the Distribution of Cells in Mixed Spheroids by Altering Migration Direction. Tissue Eng Part A 2019; 25:390-398. [DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2018.0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Mizukami
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yuki Takahashi
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kazunori Shimizu
- Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Satoshi Konishi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ritsumeikan University, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Takakura
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Maikiya Nishikawa
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Drug Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- Laboratory of Biopharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba, Japan
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21
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Huang YW, Chiang MF, Ho CS, Hung PL, Hsu MH, Lee TH, Chu LJ, Liu H, Tang P, Victor Ng W, Lin DS. A Transcriptome Study of Progeroid Neurocutaneous Syndrome Reveals POSTN As a New Element in Proline Metabolic Disorder. Aging Dis 2018; 9:1043-1057. [PMID: 30574417 PMCID: PMC6284769 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2018.0222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging is a complex biological process. A study of pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase 1 (PYCR1) deficiency, which causes a progeroid syndrome, may not only shed light on its genetic contribution to autosomal recessive cutis laxa (ARCL) but also help elucidate the functional mechanisms associated with aging. In this study, we used RNA-Seq technology to examine gene expression changes in primary skin fibroblasts from healthy controls and patients with PYCR1 mutations. Approximately 22 and 32 candidate genes were found to be up- and downregulated, respectively, in fibroblasts from patients. Among the downregulated candidates in fibroblasts with PYCR1 mutations, a strong reduction in the expression of 17 genes (53.1%) which protein products are localized in the extracellular space was detected. These proteins included several important ECM components, periostin (POSTN), elastin (ELN), and decorin (DCN); genetic mutations in these proteins are associated with different phenotypes of aging, such as cutis laxa and joint and dermal manifestations. The differential expression of ten selected extracellular space genes was further validated using quantitative RT-PCR. Ingenuity Pathway Analysis revealed that some of the affected genes may be associated with cardiovascular system development and function, dermatological diseases and conditions, and cardiovascular disease. POSTN, one of the most downregulated gene candidates in affected individuals, is a matricellular protein with pivotal functions in heart valvulogenesis, skin wound healing, and brain development. Perturbation of PYCR1 expression revealed that it is positively correlated with the POSTN levels. Taken together, POSTN might be one of the key molecules that deserves further investigation for its role in this progeroid neurocutaneous syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Huang
- Institute of Biotechnology in Medicine and Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Fu Chiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Mackay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Injury Prevention and Control, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Che-Sheng Ho
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Pi-Lien Hung
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Mei-Hsin Hsu
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Tsung-Han Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Lichieh Julie Chu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Hsuan Liu
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Petrus Tang
- Molecular Regulation and Bioinformatics Laboratory and Department of Parasitology, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| | - Wailap Victor Ng
- Institute of Biotechnology in Medicine and Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biomedical Informatics and Center for Systems and Synthetic Biology, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Biochemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Dar-Shong Lin
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Pediatrics, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Medicine, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan
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22
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Smithmyer ME, Spohn JB, Kloxin AM. Probing fibroblast activation in response to extracellular cues with whole protein- or peptide-functionalized step-growth hydrogels. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 4:3304-3316. [PMID: 32494587 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic hydrogels with well-defined mechanical properties have become invaluable tools for probing cell response to extracellular cues including matrix stiffness and integrin binding. These synthetic matrices are often decorated with either proteins or integrin-binding peptides to promote cell adhesion and to direct or probe cell behavior. For example, both collagen I-functionalized polyacrylamide and peptide-functionalized poly(ethylene glycol) hydrogels have been instrumental in elucidating the role of the elasticity or 'stiffness' of the matrix in promoting fibroblast activation in wound healing and fibrosis. However, the two methods of promoting integrin binding are not often directly compared in the same system, partly owing to differences in material designs, despite the potential differences in the way cells interact with whole proteins and protein mimetic peptides. We hypothesized that such a comparison could provide insight into the ways integrin binding affects fibroblast activation within commonly utilized in vitro cell culture models, and more broadly, to inform the design of materials to modulate fibroblast activation in studies of wound healing and disease. To enable this comparison, we developed a method to conjugate whole proteins to step-growth poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogels and investigated fibroblast response to protein-peptide pairs: fibronectin and PHSRN(G)10RGDS or collagen I and (POG)3POGFOGER(POG)4, which are important in matrix remodeling and relevant to fibroblast activation. With this approach, we observed that human pulmonary fibroblasts adopted a similar morphology on fibronectin and PHSRN(G)10RGDS, although with a slight increase in the percentage of alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA) expressing cells on PHSRN(G)10RGDS. Interestingly, we observed that fibroblasts formed activated clusters on the collagen mimic (POG)3POGFOGER(POG)4 while exhibiting less activation on collagen I. This cell activation and clustering is reminiscent of fibroblast foci that are observed in lung fibrosis, suggesting the relevance of these well-defined polymer-peptide hydrogels for investigating fibrosis and decoupling biochemical and biophysical cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Smithmyer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Joseph B Spohn
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - April M Kloxin
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Hernández-Aguilera A, Nielsen SH, Bonache C, Fernández-Arroyo S, Martín-Paredero V, Fibla M, Karsdal MA, Genovese F, Menendez JA, Camps J, Joven J. Assessment of extracellular matrix-related biomarkers in patients with lower extremity artery disease. J Vasc Surg 2018; 68:1135-1142.e6. [PMID: 29615349 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2017.12.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of lower extremity artery disease (LEAD) is high (20%-25%) in the population older than 65 years, but patients are seldom identified until the disease is advanced. Circulating markers of disease activity might provide patients with a key opportunity for timely treatment. We tested the hypothesis that measuring blood-specific fragments generated during degradation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) could provide further insight into the pathophysiologic mechanism of arterial remodeling. METHODS The protein profile of diseased arteries from patients undergoing infrainguinal limb revascularization was assessed by a liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry, nontargeted proteomic approach. The information retrieved was the basis for measurement of neoepitope fragments of ECM proteins in the blood of 195 consecutive patients with LEAD by specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. RESULTS Histologic and proteomic analyses confirmed the structural disorganization of affected arteries. Fourteen of 81 proteins were identified as differentially expressed in diseased arteries with respect to healthy tissues. Most of them were related to ECM components, and the difference in expression was used in multivariate analyses to establish that severe arterial lesions in LEAD patients have a specific proteome. Analysis of neoepitope fragments in blood revealed that fragments of versican and collagen type IV, alone or in combination, segregated patients with mild to moderate symptoms (intermittent claudication, Fontaine I-II) from those with severe LEAD (critical limb ischemia, Fontaine III-IV). CONCLUSIONS We propose noninvasive candidate biomarkers with the ability to be clinically useful across the LEAD spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hernández-Aguilera
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Signe Holm Nielsen
- Fibrosis Biology and Biomarkers, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev, Denmark; Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Cristina Bonache
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Salvador Fernández-Arroyo
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | | | - Montserrat Fibla
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain; Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitari Joan XXIII, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Morten A Karsdal
- Fibrosis Biology and Biomarkers, Nordic Bioscience, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | - Javier A Menendez
- Molecular Oncology Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBGI), Girona, Spain
| | - Jordi Camps
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain
| | - Jorge Joven
- Unitat de Recerca Biomèdica, Hospital Universitari Sant Joan, Institut d'Investigació Sanitària Pere Virgili, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Reus, Spain.
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24
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Becker M, Maring JA, Schneider M, Herrera Martin AX, Seifert M, Klein O, Braun T, Falk V, Stamm C. Towards a Novel Patch Material for Cardiac Applications: Tissue-Specific Extracellular Matrix Introduces Essential Key Features to Decellularized Amniotic Membrane. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E1032. [PMID: 29596384 PMCID: PMC5979550 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a growing need for scaffold material with tissue-specific bioactivity for use in regenerative medicine, tissue engineering, and for surgical repair of structural defects. We developed a novel composite biomaterial by processing human cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) into a hydrogel and combining it with cell-free amniotic membrane via a dry-coating procedure. Cardiac biocompatibility and immunogenicity were tested in vitro using human cardiac fibroblasts, epicardial progenitor cells, murine HL-1 cells, and human immune cells derived from buffy coat. Processing of the ECM preserved important matrix proteins as demonstrated by mass spectrometry. ECM coating did not alter the mechanical characteristics of decellularized amniotic membrane but did cause a clear increase in adhesion capacity, cell proliferation and viability. Activated monocytes secreted less pro-inflammatory cytokines, and both macrophage polarization towards the pro-inflammatory M1 type and T cell proliferation were prevented. We conclude that the incorporation of human cardiac ECM hydrogel shifts and enhances the bioactivity of decellularized amniotic membrane, facilitating its use in future cardiac applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Becker
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Janita A Maring
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Maria Schneider
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Aarón X Herrera Martin
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
- Julius Wolff Institute for Biomechanics and Musculoskeletal Regeneration, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Martina Seifert
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Oliver Klein
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Thorsten Braun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Charite Medical University, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Volkmar Falk
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), 13353 Berlin, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, 13316 Berlin, Germany.
- Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin (DHZB), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christof Stamm
- Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
- Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), 13353 Berlin, Germany.
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, 13316 Berlin, Germany.
- Deutsches Herzzentrum Berlin (DHZB), Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
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25
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Karsdal MA, Nielsen SH, Leeming DJ, Langholm LL, Nielsen MJ, Manon-Jensen T, Siebuhr A, Gudmann NS, Rønnow S, Sand JM, Daniels SJ, Mortensen JH, Schuppan D. The good and the bad collagens of fibrosis - Their role in signaling and organ function. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 121:43-56. [PMID: 28736303 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 297] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2017] [Revised: 07/14/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Usually the dense extracellular structure in fibrotic tissues is described as extracellular matrix (ECM) or simply as collagen. However, fibrosis is not just fibrosis, which is already exemplified by the variant morphological characteristics of fibrosis due to viral versus cholestatic, autoimmune or toxic liver injury, with reticular, chicken wire and bridging fibrosis. Importantly, the overall composition of the ECM, especially the relative amounts of the many types of collagens, which represent the most abundant ECM molecules and which centrally modulate cellular functions and physiological processes, changes dramatically during fibrosis progression. We hypothesize that there are good and bad collagens in fibrosis and that a change of location alone may change the function from good to bad. Whereas basement membrane collagen type IV anchors epithelial and other cells in a polarized manner, the interstitial fibroblast collagens type I and III do not provide directional information. In addition, feedback loops from biologically active degradation products of some collagens are examples of the importance of having the right collagen at the right place and at the right time controlling cell function, proliferation, matrix production and fate. Examples are the interstitial collagen type VI and basement membrane collagen type XVIII. Their carboxyterminal propeptides serve as an adipose tissue hormone, endotrophin, and as a regulator of angiogenesis, endostatin, respectively. We provide an overview of the 28 known collagen types and propose that the molecular composition of the ECM in fibrosis needs careful attention to assess its impact on organ function and its potential to progress or reverse. Consequently, to adequately assess fibrosis and to design optimal antifibrotic therapies, we need to dissect the molecular entity of fibrosis for the molecular composition and spatial distribution of collagens and the associated ECM.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Karsdal
- Nordic Bioscience Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark.
| | - S H Nielsen
- Nordic Bioscience Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - D J Leeming
- Nordic Bioscience Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - L L Langholm
- Nordic Bioscience Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - M J Nielsen
- Nordic Bioscience Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - T Manon-Jensen
- Nordic Bioscience Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - A Siebuhr
- Nordic Bioscience Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - N S Gudmann
- Nordic Bioscience Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - S Rønnow
- Nordic Bioscience Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - J M Sand
- Nordic Bioscience Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - S J Daniels
- Nordic Bioscience Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - J H Mortensen
- Nordic Bioscience Biomarkers & Research A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | - D Schuppan
- Institute of Translational Immunology and Research Center for Immune Therapy, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany; Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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26
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Ferreira JP, Machu JL, Girerd N, Jaisser F, Thum T, Butler J, González A, Diez J, Heymans S, McDonald K, Gyöngyösi M, Firat H, Rossignol P, Pizard A, Zannad F. Rationale of the FIBROTARGETS study designed to identify novel biomarkers of myocardial fibrosis. ESC Heart Fail 2017; 5:139-148. [PMID: 28988439 PMCID: PMC5793978 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Myocardial fibrosis alters the cardiac architecture favouring the development of cardiac dysfunction, including arrhythmias and heart failure. Reducing myocardial fibrosis may improve outcomes through the targeted diagnosis and treatment of emerging fibrotic pathways. The European‐Commission‐funded ‘FIBROTARGETS’ is a multinational academic and industrial consortium with the main aims of (i) characterizing novel key mechanistic pathways involved in the metabolism of fibrillary collagen that may serve as biotargets, (ii) evaluating the potential anti‐fibrotic properties of novel or repurposed molecules interfering with the newly identified biotargets, and (iii) characterizing bioprofiles based on distinct mechanistic phenotypes involving the aforementioned biotargets. These pathways will be explored by performing a systematic and collaborative search for mechanisms and targets of myocardial fibrosis. These mechanisms will then be translated into individualized diagnostic tools and specific therapeutic pharmacological options for heart failure. Methods and results The FIBROTARGETS consortium has merged data from 12 patient cohorts in a common database available to individual consortium partners. The database consists of >12 000 patients with a large spectrum of cardiovascular clinical phenotypes. It integrates community‐based population cohorts, cardiovascular risk cohorts, and heart failure cohorts. Conclusions The FIBROTARGETS biomarker programme is aimed at exploring fibrotic pathways allowing the bioprofiling of patients into specific ‘fibrotic’ phenotypes and identifying new therapeutic targets that will potentially enable the development of novel and tailored anti‐fibrotic therapies for heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Pedro Ferreira
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1433 Module Plurithématique, INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Hopitaux de Brabois, Institut Lorrain du Coeur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu, 4 rue du Morvan, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.,Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jean-Loup Machu
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1433 Module Plurithématique, INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Hopitaux de Brabois, Institut Lorrain du Coeur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu, 4 rue du Morvan, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Nicolas Girerd
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1433 Module Plurithématique, INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Hopitaux de Brabois, Institut Lorrain du Coeur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu, 4 rue du Morvan, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Frederic Jaisser
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm U1138, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France
| | - Thomas Thum
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Therapeutic Strategies (IMTTS), Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany.,National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Javed Butler
- Cardiology Division, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Arantxa González
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University of Navarra Clinic, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Diez
- Program of Cardiovascular Diseases, Center for Applied Medical Research, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, University of Navarra Clinic, Pamplona, Spain.,CIBERCV, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Stephane Heymans
- Center for Heart Failure Research, Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), University Hospital Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mariann Gyöngyösi
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Patrick Rossignol
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1433 Module Plurithématique, INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Hopitaux de Brabois, Institut Lorrain du Coeur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu, 4 rue du Morvan, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Anne Pizard
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1433 Module Plurithématique, INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Hopitaux de Brabois, Institut Lorrain du Coeur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu, 4 rue du Morvan, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
| | - Faiez Zannad
- Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1433 Module Plurithématique, INSERM U1116, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, F-CRIN INI-CRCT, Hopitaux de Brabois, Institut Lorrain du Coeur et des Vaisseaux Louis Mathieu, 4 rue du Morvan, 54500, Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France
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27
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Dettman RW, Simon HG. Rebooting the collagen gel: Artificial hydrogels for the study of epithelial mesenchymal transformation. Dev Dyn 2017; 247:332-339. [PMID: 28786157 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.24560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The collagen gel has been used to study epithelial-mesenchymal transformation (EMT) for over 30 years. With advances in the field of materials sciences, new options are available to design optically clear, three-dimensional nature-inspired matrix mimetics to study EMT. Here, we review the history of the collagen gel assay, discuss its current use and how newer artificial matrices can be built to simulate in vivo extracellular environments and investigate important current questions in the EMT field. We suggest that further collaborations between materials scientists and biologists will be critical to move the field of EMT forward. Developmental Dynamics 247:332-339, 2018. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert W Dettman
- Department of Urology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Hans-Georg Simon
- Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University and Stanley Manne Children's Research Institute, Chicago, Illinois
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28
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Yang X, Wang X, Huang X, Hang R, Zhang X, Tang B. A hybrid co-culture model with endothelial cells designed for the hepatic tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2017; 28:139. [PMID: 28812179 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-017-5950-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2016] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The cultured hepatic cells in vitro are prone to losing their characteristic morphologies and biological functions. To avoid this problem, a hybrid co-culture system was proposed to elucidate the effect of cellular communication on the phenotype of hepatic cells. A monolayer of endothelial cells (ECs) was co-cultured on the surface of a three-dimensional (3D) scaffold embedded with HepG2 cells. In this hybrid co-culture system, the growth of encapsulated hepatic cells is barely influenced by the co-cultured ECs. However, the liver-special functions of hepatic cells, including the albumin secretion and the expression levels of hepatocyte-specific genes, are significantly improved. It is deduced that the improved liver-special functions is likely related to the paracrine mechanisms. Hence, this hybrid co-culture model may open a window for the co-cultivation of the multi-type of cells as well as the study of cell-cell signaling interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoning Yang
- Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
| | - Ruiqiang Hang
- Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhang
- Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China
| | - Bin Tang
- Research Institute of Surface Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan, 030024, China.
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29
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Yang B, Chen Z, Huang Y, Han G, Li W. Identification of potential biomarkers and analysis of prognostic values in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma by bioinformatics analysis. Onco Targets Ther 2017; 10:2315-2321. [PMID: 28490889 PMCID: PMC5414612 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s135514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to find disease-associated genes and potential mechanisms in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) with deoxyribonucleic acid microarrays. The gene expression profiles of GSE6791 were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained with packages in R language and STRING constructed protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of the DEGs with combined score >0.8. Subsequently, module analysis of the PPI network was performed by Molecular Complex Detection plugin and functions and pathways of the hub gene in subnetwork were studied. Finally, overall survival analysis of hub genes was verified in TCGA HNSCC cohort. A total of 811 DEGs were obtained, which were mainly enriched in the terms related to extracellular matrix (ECM)–receptor interaction, ECM structural constituent, and ECM organization. A PPI network was constructed, consisting of 401 nodes and 1,254 edges and 15 hub genes with high degrees in the network. High expression of 4 genes of the 15 genes was associated with poor OS of patients in HNSCC, including PSMA7, ITGA6, ITGB4, and APP. Two significant modules were detected from the PPI network, and the enriched functions and pathways included proteasome, ECM organization, and ECM–receptor interaction. In conclusion, we propose that PSMA7, ITGA6, ITGB4, and APP may be further explored as potential biomarkers to aid HNSCC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhifeng Chen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Huang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoxu Han
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Weizhong Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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30
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Kornmuller A, Brown CFC, Yu C, Flynn LE. Fabrication of Extracellular Matrix-derived Foams and Microcarriers as Tissue-specific Cell Culture and Delivery Platforms. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28447989 PMCID: PMC5564502 DOI: 10.3791/55436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell function is mediated by interactions with the extracellular matrix (ECM), which has complex tissue-specific composition and architecture. The focus of this article is on the methods for fabricating ECM-derived porous foams and microcarriers for use as biologically-relevant substrates in advanced 3D in vitro cell culture models or as pro-regenerative scaffolds and cell delivery systems for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Using decellularized tissues or purified insoluble collagen as a starting material, the techniques can be applied to synthesize a broad array of tissue-specific bioscaffolds with customizable geometries. The approach involves mechanical processing and mild enzymatic digestion to yield an ECM suspension that is used to fabricate the three-dimensional foams or microcarriers through controlled freezing and lyophilization procedures. These pure ECM-derived scaffolds are highly porous, yet stable without the need for chemical crosslinking agents or other additives that may negatively impact cell function. The scaffold properties can be tuned to some extent by varying factors such as the ECM suspension concentration, mechanical processing methods, or synthesis conditions. In general, the scaffolds are robust and easy to handle, and can be processed as tissues for most standard biological assays, providing a versatile and user-friendly 3D cell culture platform that mimics the native ECM composition. Overall, these straightforward methods for fabricating customized ECM-derived foams and microcarriers may be of interest to both biologists and biomedical engineers as tissue-specific cell-instructive platforms for in vitro and in vivo applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kornmuller
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, The University of Western Ontario
| | - Cody F C Brown
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario
| | - Claire Yu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University
| | - Lauren E Flynn
- Department of Anatomy & Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, The University of Western Ontario; Department of Chemical & Biochemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of Western Ontario;
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31
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Simões IN, Vale P, Soker S, Atala A, Keller D, Noiva R, Carvalho S, Peleteiro C, Cabral JMS, Eberli D, da Silva CL, Baptista PM. Acellular Urethra Bioscaffold: Decellularization of Whole Urethras for Tissue Engineering Applications. Sci Rep 2017; 7:41934. [PMID: 28165009 PMCID: PMC5292742 DOI: 10.1038/srep41934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with stress urinary incontinence mainly suffer from malfunction of the urethra closure mechanism. We established the decellularization of porcine urethras to produce acellular urethra bioscaffolds for future tissue engineering applications, using bioscaffolds or bioscaffold-derived soluble products. Cellular removal was evaluated by H&E, DAPI and DNA quantification. The presence of specific ECM proteins was assessed through immunofluorescence staining and colorimetric assay kits. Human skeletal muscle myoblasts, muscle progenitor cells and adipose-derived stromal vascular fractions were used to evaluate the recellularization of the acellular urethra bioscaffolds. The mechanochemical decellularization system removed ~93% of tissue's DNA, generally preserving ECM's components and microarchitecture. Recellularization was achieved, though methodological advances are required regarding cell seeding strategies and functional assessment. Through microdissection and partial digestion, different urethra ECM-derived coating substrates were formulated (i.e. containing smooth or skeletal muscle ECM) and used to culture MPCs in vitro. The skeletal muscle ECM substrates enhanced fiber formation leading to the expression of the main skeletal muscle-related proteins and genes, as confirmed by immunofluorescence and RT-qPCR. The described methodology produced a urethra bioscaffold that retained vital ECM proteins and was liable to cell repopulation, a crucial first step towards the generation of urethra bioscaffold-based Tissue Engineering products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina N. Simões
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Therapy, Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Paulo Vale
- Serviço Urologia, Hospital Garcia de Orta, Almada, Portugal
| | - Shay Soker
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Anthony Atala
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA
| | - Daniel Keller
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Therapy, Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Rute Noiva
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, The Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sandra Carvalho
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, The Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Conceição Peleteiro
- Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária, The Interdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health (CIISA), Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Joaquim M. S. Cabral
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Daniel Eberli
- Laboratory for Tissue Engineering and Stem Cell Therapy, Department of Urology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cláudia L. da Silva
- Department of Bioengineering and iBB - Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Pedro M. Baptista
- Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC USA
- Instituto de Investigacion Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
- CIBERehd, Zaragoza, Spain
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Deddens JC, Sadeghi AH, Hjortnaes J, van Laake LW, Buijsrogge M, Doevendans PA, Khademhosseini A, Sluijter JPG. Modeling the Human Scarred Heart In Vitro: Toward New Tissue Engineered Models. Adv Healthc Mater 2017; 6. [PMID: 27906521 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201600571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling is critical for effective tissue healing, however, excessive production and deposition of extracellular matrix components contribute to scarring and failing of the heart. Despite the fact that novel therapies have emerged, there are still no lifelong solutions for this problem. An urgent need exists to improve the understanding of adverse cardiac remodeling in order to develop new therapeutic interventions that will prevent, reverse, or regenerate the fibrotic changes in the failing heart. With recent advances in both disease biology and cardiac tissue engineering, the translation of fundamental laboratory research toward the treatment of chronic heart failure patients becomes a more realistic option. Here, the current understanding of cardiac fibrosis and the great potential of tissue engineering are presented. Approaches using hydrogel-based tissue engineered heart constructs are discussed to contemplate key challenges for modeling tissue engineered cardiac fibrosis and to provide a future outlook for preclinical and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine C. Deddens
- Department of Cardiology; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute (ICIN); 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Amir Hossein Sadeghi
- Department of Cardiology; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Division Heart and Lungs; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center; Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences & Technology; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
| | - Jesper Hjortnaes
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Division Heart and Lungs; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CT Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Linda W. van Laake
- Department of Cardiology; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CT Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Marc Buijsrogge
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery; Division Heart and Lungs; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Pieter A. Doevendans
- Department of Cardiology; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute (ICIN); 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CT Utrecht The Netherlands
| | - Ali Khademhosseini
- Biomaterials Innovation Research Center; Department of Medicine; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Harvard Medical School; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences & Technology; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; Cambridge MA 02139 USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering; Harvard University; Boston MA 02115 USA
- Department of Physics; King Abdulaziz University; Jeddah 21569 Saudi Arabia
| | - Joost P. G. Sluijter
- Department of Cardiology; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- Netherlands Heart Institute (ICIN); 3584CX Utrecht The Netherlands
- UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center; University Medical Center Utrecht; 3584CT Utrecht The Netherlands
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Parisi L, Zomer Volpato F, Cagol N, Siciliano M, Migliaresi C, Motta A, Sala R. An innovative protocol for schwann cells extracellular matrix proteins extraction. J Biomed Mater Res A 2016; 104:3175-3180. [PMID: 27500379 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The evidence that extracellular matrix (ECM) components could represent new targets for drugs designed to approach degenerative disease, requires their analysis. Before the analysis, proteins should be extracted from ECM and solubilized. Currently, few protocols for ECM proteins extraction and solubilization are available in literature, and most of them are based mainly on the use of proteolytic enzymes, such as trypsin, which often lead to proteins damage. Moreover, no methods have been so far proposed to solubilize Schwann Cell ECM, which may represent an important target for the therapy of neurodegenerative disorders. In our study, we propose to solubilize SC ECM through the use of surfactants and urea. We compared our method of solubilization, with one of that proposed in literature for a general ECM, mainly based on the use of enzymes. We want to highlight the benefit of solubilizing SC ECM, avoiding the use of proteolytic enzymes. To compare the amount of proteins extracted with both methods, MicroBCA assay was used, while the quality of the proteins extracted was observed through the SDS-PAGE. The results obtained confirm a better solubilization of SC ECM proteins with the proposed protocol, both quantitatively and qualitatively, showing a higher concentration of proteins extracted and a better enrichment of protein fractions, if compared to the enzyme-based protocol. Our results show that SC ECM could be efficiently solubilized through the use of surfactant and urea, avoiding the use of enzyme-base methods. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 104A: 3175-3180, 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Parisi
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy.
| | - F Zomer Volpato
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - N Cagol
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - M Siciliano
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - C Migliaresi
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - A Motta
- Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - R Sala
- Department of Biomedical, Biotechnological and Translational Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
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Type VIII collagen is elevated in diseases associated with angiogenesis and vascular remodeling. Clin Biochem 2016; 49:903-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Bager CL, Gudmann N, Willumsen N, Leeming DJ, Karsdal MA, Bay-Jensen AC, Høgdall E, Balslev I, He Y. Quantification of fibronectin as a method to assess ex vivo extracellular matrix remodeling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016; 478:586-91. [PMID: 27475500 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2016.07.108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Altered architecture, composition and quality of the extracellular matrix (ECM) are pathological hallmarks of several inflammatory and fibro-proliferative pathological processes such as osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), fibrosis and cancer. One of the most important components of the ECM is fibronectin. Fibronectin serves as an adhesion molecule anchoring cells to the underlying basement membrane through direct interaction with integrin receptors. Fibronectin hereby modulates the properties of the ECM and affects cellular processes. Quantification of fibronectin remodeling could therefore be used to assess the changes in the ECM that occur during progression of fibro-proliferative pathologies. Ex vivo models are becoming state-of-the-art tools to study ECM remodeling as the cellular composition and the organization of the ECM are preserved. Ex vivo models may therefore be a valuable tool to study the ECM remodeling that occurs during progression of fibro-proliferative pathologies. The aim of this study was to quantify fibronectin remodeling in ex vivo models of cartilage and cancer. A competitive The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) against the C-terminus of fibronectin was developed (FBN-C). The assay was evaluated in relation to specificity, technical performance and as a marker for quantification of fibronectin in cartilage and cancer ex vivo models. The ELISA was specific and technically stable. Cleavage of tumor tissue with MMP-2 released significantly higher levels of FBN-C compared to tissue with buffer only and western blot analysis revealed that FBN-C recognizes both full length and degraded fibronectin. When ex vivo cartilage cultures were stimulated with the anabolic factor TGFβ and catabolic factors TNF-α and OSM, significantly higher levels of FBN-C were found in the conditioned media. Lastly, FBN-C was released from a cancer ex vivo model. In conclusion, we were able to quantify fibronectin remodeling in ex vivo models of cartilage and cancer. Quantification of fibronectin remodeling could be a valuable tool to understand ECM remodeling in ex vivo models of fibro-proliferative pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Bager
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev, Denmark; Technical University of Denmark, Denmark.
| | - N Gudmann
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev, Denmark
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Y He
- Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev, Denmark
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Hansen NUB, Karsdal MA, Brockbank S, Cruwys S, Rønnow S, Leeming DJ. Tissue turnover of collagen type I, III and elastin is elevated in the PCLS model of IPF and can be restored back to vehicle levels using a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Respir Res 2016; 17:76. [PMID: 27411390 PMCID: PMC4942917 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-016-0394-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to develop and validate a model for pulmonary fibrosis, using ex vivo tissue cultures of lungs from bleomycin treated animals, enabling the investigation of fibrosis remodeling using novel biomarkers for the detection of ECM protein fragments. The combination of in vivo and ex vivo models together with ECM remodeling markers may provide a translational tool for screening of potential treatments for IPF. METHODS Twenty female Sprague-Dawley rats, twelve weeks of age, were administrated either two doses of bleomycin (BLM) (n = 14) or saline (n = 6) I.T., two days apart. Ten rats were euthanized at day seven and the remaining ten rats at day fourteen, after the last dose. Precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) were made and cultured for 48 h. Ten female Sprague-Dawley rats, twelve weeks of age, were administrated either two doses of BLM (n = 7) or saline (n = 3) I.T., two days apart. The rats were euthanized fourteen days after the last dose. PCLS were made and cultured for 48 h in: medium, medium + 100 μM IBMX (PDE inhibitor), or medium + 10 μM GM6001 (MMP inhibitor). Turnover of type I collagen (P1NP, C1M), type III collagen (iP3NP, C3M) and elastin degradation (ELM7) was measured in the supernatant of the cultured PCLS. RESULTS P1NP, C1M, iP3NP, C3M and ELM7 were significantly increased in supernatants from BLM animals (P ≤ 0.05 - P ≤ 0.0001) when compared to controls. P1NP, C1M, iP3NP, C3M and ELM7 were significantly increased in supernatants from day seven BLM animals compared to day fourteen BLM animals (P ≤ 0.05 - P ≤ 0.0001). P1NP, C1M, iP3NP, C3M and ELM7 were significantly decreased when adding IBMX to the culture medium of fibrotic lung tissue (P ≤ 0.05 - P ≤ 0.0001). C1M, C3M and ELM7 were significantly decreased when adding GM6001 to the culture medium (P ≤ 0.05 - P ≤ 0.0001). Sirius Red and Orcein staining confirmed the presence of collagen and elastin deposition in the lungs of the animals receiving BLM. CONCLUSIONS The protein fingerprint technology allows the assessment of ECM remodeling markers in the BLM PCLS model. By combining in vivo, ex vivo models and the protein fingerprint technology in the fibrotic phase of the model, we believe the chance of translation from animal model to human is markedly increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Ulrik Brandt Hansen
- />Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev Hovedgade 205-207, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
- />University of Southern Denmark, SDU, Odense, Denmark
| | - Morten Asser Karsdal
- />Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev Hovedgade 205-207, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
- />University of Southern Denmark, SDU, Odense, Denmark
| | | | | | - Sarah Rønnow
- />Nordic Bioscience A/S, Herlev Hovedgade 205-207, 2730 Herlev, Denmark
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Genovese F, Kàrpàti ZS, Nielsen SH, Karsdal MA. Precision-Cut Kidney Slices as a Tool to Understand the Dynamics of Extracellular Matrix Remodeling in Renal Fibrosis. Biomark Insights 2016; 11:77-84. [PMID: 27257368 PMCID: PMC4877083 DOI: 10.4137/bmi.s38439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2016] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to set up an ex vivo model for renal interstitial fibrosis in order to investigate the extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover profile in the fibrotic kidney. We induced kidney fibrosis in fourteen 12-week-old male Sprague Dawley rats by unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) surgery of the right ureter. The left kidney (contralateral) was used as internal control. Six rats were sham operated and used as the control group. Rats were terminated two weeks after the surgery; the kidneys were excised and precision-cut kidney slices (PCKSs) were cultured for five days in serum-free medium. Markers of collagen type I formation (P1NP), collagen type I and III degradation (C1M and C3M), and α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA) were measured in the PCKS supernatants by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. P1NP, C1M, C3M, and α-SMA were increased up to 2- to 13-fold in supernatants of tissue slices from the UUO-ligated kidneys compared with the contralateral kidneys (P < 0.001) and with the kidneys of sham-operated animals (P < 0.0001). The markers could also reflect the level of fibrosis in different animals. The UUO PCKS ex vivo model provides a valuable translational tool for investigating the extracellular matrix remodeling associated with renal interstitial fibrosis.
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Palková Z, Váchová L. Yeast cell differentiation: Lessons from pathogenic and non-pathogenic yeasts. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2016; 57:110-119. [PMID: 27084693 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2016.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 04/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Yeasts, historically considered to be single-cell organisms, are able to activate different differentiation processes. Individual yeast cells can change their life-styles by processes of phenotypic switching such as the switch from yeast-shaped cells to filamentous cells (pseudohyphae or true hyphae) and the transition among opaque, white and gray cell-types. Yeasts can also create organized multicellular structures such as colonies and biofilms, and the latter are often observed as contaminants on surfaces in industry and medical care and are formed during infections of the human body. Multicellular structures are formed mostly of stationary-phase or slow-growing cells that diversify into specific cell subpopulations that have unique metabolic properties and can fulfill specific tasks. In addition to the development of multiple protective mechanisms, processes of metabolic reprogramming that reflect a changed environment help differentiated individual cells and/or community cell constituents to survive harmful environmental attacks and/or to escape the host immune system. This review aims to provide an overview of differentiation processes so far identified in individual yeast cells as well as in multicellular communities of yeast pathogens of the Candida and Cryptococcus spp. and the Candida albicans close relative, Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Molecular mechanisms and extracellular signals potentially involved in differentiation processes are also briefly mentioned.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdena Palková
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Charles University in Prague, Viničná 5, 128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Libuše Váchová
- Institute of Microbiology of the CAS, v.v.i., Vídeňská 1083, 142 20, Prague 4, Czech Republic.
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Lung extracellular matrix and redox regulation. Redox Biol 2016; 8:305-15. [PMID: 26938939 PMCID: PMC4777985 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2016.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Revised: 02/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis affects millions worldwide and, even though there has been a significant investment in understanding the processes involved in wound healing and maladaptive repair, a complete understanding of the mechanisms responsible for lung fibrogenesis eludes us, and interventions capable of reversing or halting disease progression are not available. Pulmonary fibrosis is characterized by the excessive expression and uncontrolled deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins resulting in erosion of the tissue structure. Initially considered an 'end-stage' process elicited after injury, these events are now considered pathogenic and are believed to contribute to the course of the disease. By interacting with integrins capable of signal transduction and by influencing tissue mechanics, ECM proteins modulate processes ranging from cell adhesion and migration to differentiation and growth factor expression. In doing so, ECM proteins help orchestrate complex developmental processes and maintain tissue homeostasis. However, poorly controlled deposition of ECM proteins promotes inflammation, fibroproliferation, and aberrant differentiation of cells, and has been implicated in the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis, atherosclerosis and cancer. Considering their vital functions, ECM proteins are the target of investigation, and oxidation-reduction (redox) reactions have emerged as important regulators of the ECM. Oxidative stress invariably accompanies lung disease and promotes ECM expression directly or through the overproduction of pro-fibrotic growth factors, while affecting integrin binding and activation. In vitro and in vivo investigations point to redox reactions as targets for intervention in pulmonary fibrosis and related disorders, but studies in humans have been disappointing probably due to the narrow impact of the interventions tested, and our poor understanding of the factors that regulate these complex reactions. This review is not meant to provide a comprehensive review of this field, but rather to highlight what has been learned and to raise interest in this area in need of much attention.
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Kjelgaard-Petersen C, Siebuhr AS, Christiansen T, Ladel C, Karsdal M, Bay-Jensen AC. Synovitis biomarkers: ex vivo characterization of three biomarkers for identification of inflammatory osteoarthritis. Biomarkers 2016; 20:547-56. [PMID: 26863055 PMCID: PMC4819844 DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2015.1105497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Characterize biomarkers measuring extracellular matrix turnover of inflamed osteoarthritis synovium. Methods: Human primary fibroblast-like synoviocytes and synovial membrane explants (SMEs) treated with various cytokines and growth factors were assessed by C1M, C3M, and acMMP3 in the conditioned medium. Results: TNFα significantly increased C1M up to seven-fold (p = 0.0002), C3M up to 24-fold (p = 0.0011), and acMMP3 up to 14-fold (p < 0.0001) in SMEs. IL-1β also significantly increased C1M up to five-fold (p = 0.00094), C3M four-fold (p = 0.007), and acMMP3 18-fold (p < 0.0001) in SMEs. Conclusion: The biomarkers C1M, C3M, and acMMP-3 were synovitis biomarkers ex vivo and provide a translational tool together with the SME model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Sofie Siebuhr
- a Department of Rheumatology , Biomarkers and Research , Nordic Bioscience , Herlev , Denmark and
| | | | - Christoph Ladel
- a Department of Rheumatology , Biomarkers and Research , Nordic Bioscience , Herlev , Denmark and
| | - Morten Karsdal
- a Department of Rheumatology , Biomarkers and Research , Nordic Bioscience , Herlev , Denmark and
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He Y, Shao F, Pi W, Shi C, Chen Y, Gong D, Wang B, Cao Z, Tang K. Largescale Transcriptomics Analysis Suggests Over-Expression of BGH3, MMP9 and PDIA3 in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0146530. [PMID: 26745629 PMCID: PMC4706424 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0146530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) has been reported as the most prevalent cancer of the head and neck region, while early diagnosis remains challenging. Here we took a comprehensive bioinformatics study on microarray data of 326 OSCC clinical samples with control of 165 normal tissues. The cell interaction pathways of ECM-receptor interaction and focal adhesion were found to be significantly regulated in OSCC samples. Further analysis of the topological properties and expression consistency identified that three hub genes in the gene interaction network, MMP9, PDIA3 and BGH3, were consistently up-expressed in OSCC samples. When being validated on additional microarray datasets of 41 OSCC samples, the validation rate of over-expressed BGH3, MMP9, and PDIA3 reached 90%, 90% and 84% respectively. At last, immuno-histochemical assays were done to test the protein expression of the three genes on newly collected clinical samples of 35 OSCC, 20 samples of pre-OSCC stage, and 12 normal oral mucosa specimens. Their protein expression levels were also found to progressively increase from normal mucosa to pre-OSCC stage and further to OSCC (ANOVA p = 0.000), suggesting their key roles in OSCC pathogenesis. Based on above solid validation, we propose BGH3, MMP9 and PDIA3 might be further explored as potential biomarkers to aid OSCC diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan He
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Fangyang Shao
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Weidong Pi
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Cong Shi
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yujia Chen
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Diping Gong
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Bingjie Wang
- Department of Oral Medicine, School of Stomatology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhiwei Cao
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Kailin Tang
- Advanced Institute of Translational Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
- * E-mail:
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Chang CW, Dalgliesh AJ, López JE, Griffiths LG. Cardiac extracellular matrix proteomics: Challenges, techniques, and clinical implications. Proteomics Clin Appl 2015. [PMID: 26200932 DOI: 10.1002/prca.201500030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular matrix (ECM) has emerged as a dynamic tissue component, providing not only structural support, but also functionally participating in a wide range of signaling events during development, injury, and disease remodeling. Investigation of dynamic changes in cardiac ECM proteome is challenging due to the relative insolubility of ECM proteins, which results from their macromolecular nature, extensive post-translational modification (PTM), and tendency to form protein complexes. Finally, the relative abundance of cellular and mitochondrial proteins in cardiac tissue further complicates cardiac ECM proteomic approaches. Recent developments of various techniques to enrich and analyze ECM proteins are playing a major role in overcoming these challenges. Application of cardiac ECM proteomics in disease tissues can further provide spatial and temporal information relevant to disease diagnosis, prognosis, treatment, and engineering of therapeutic candidates for cardiac repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia Wei Chang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Ailsa J Dalgliesh
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Javier E López
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Leigh G Griffiths
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Epidemiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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