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Li H, Ji S, Yuan X, Li Y, Kaneko G, Sun J, Ji H. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) improves grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) muscle development and nutritive value by activating the mTOR signaling pathway. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:687-703. [PMID: 38285408 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-024-01299-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is the mainly edible part of fish. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) is a crucial nutrient for fish. This study investigated the effect of EPA on the muscle development of grass carp along with the potential molecular mechanisms in vivo and in vitro. Muscle cells treated with 50 μM EPA in vitro showed the elevated proliferation, and the expression of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signaling pathway-related genes was upregulated (P < 0.05). In vivo experiments, 270 grass carp (27.92 g) were fed with one of the three experimental diets for 56 days: control diet (CN), 0.3% EPA-supplement diet (EPA), and the diet supplemented with 0.3% EPA and 30 mg/kg rapamycin (EPA + Rap). Fish weight gain rate (WGR) was improved in EPA group (P < 0.05). There was no difference in the viscerosomatic index (VSI) and body height (BH) among all groups (P > 0.05), whereas the carcass ratio (CR) and body length in the EPA group were obviously higher than those of other groups (P < 0.05), indicating that the increase of WGR was due to muscle growth. In addition, both muscle fiber density and muscle crude protein also increased in EPA group (P < 0.05). The principal component analysis showed that total weight of muscle amino acid in EPA group ranked first. Dietary EPA also increased protein levels of the total mTOR, S6k1, Myhc, Myog, and Myod in muscle (P < 0.05). In conclusion, EPA promoted the muscle development and nutritive value via activating the mTOR signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handong Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Shanghong Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiangtong Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Yunhe Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Gen Kaneko
- College of Natural and Applied Science, University of Houston-Victoria, Victoria, Texas, USA
| | - Jian Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shanxi, China
| | - Hong Ji
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang, 712100, Shanxi, China.
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Melo DSD, de Sá ALA, de Matos Guerreiro SL, Natividade J, Gomes PFF, Takata R, da Silva Filho E, Palheta GDA, de Melo NFAC, Sterzelecki FC, Hamoy I. Growth, survival, and myogenic gene expression in the post-larvae of Colossoma macropomum provisioned with Artemia nauplii. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2024; 50:145-155. [PMID: 36971872 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-023-01182-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Artemia nauplii are widely used as fish larvae feed due to its beneficial nutritional characteristics for larval development; however, efficient feeding strategies are needed to balance its high costs. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of different densities of Artemia nauplii (100, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 nauplii/post-larvae) on the growth, survival, water quality, and myogenic gene expression of tambaqui (Colossoma macropomum) post-larvae cultivated in a recirculating aquaculture system. After 2 weeks of trial, there was a significant decrease in dissolved oxygen concentration with the increase in nauplii density, but it did not interfere with larval performance and survival. In the first week, larvae fed with fewer than 500 nauplii/post-larvae presented slower growth, while in the second week, larvae fed with 1000 nauplii/post-larvae had the highest final weight and length. Regression analysis suggests that the optimum feeding density of Artemia nauplii during the first week is 411 nauplii/post-larvae, while for the second week, the growth increased proportionally to the feeding densities. The relative expression of the myod, myog, and mstn genes was higher in larvae fed with fewer than 500 nauplii/post-larvae. Although low-growing larvae showed increased expression of myod and myog genes, responsible for muscle hyperplasia and hypertrophy, respectively, mstn expression may have played a significant inhibitory role in larval development. Further research is needed to better determine the effects of the live food on the zootechnical performance and the expression of the myogenic genes in the initial phase of the life cycle of the tambaqui post-larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora Sayumi Doami Melo
- Laboratório de Genética Aplicada (LGA), Instituto Socioambiental E Dos Recursos Hídricos (ISARH), Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - André Luiz Alves de Sá
- Laboratório de Genética Aplicada (LGA), Instituto Socioambiental E Dos Recursos Hídricos (ISARH), Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Sávio Lucas de Matos Guerreiro
- Laboratório de Genética Humana E Médica (LGHM), Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal Do Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Joane Natividade
- Laboratório de Biossistemas Aquáticos Amazônicos (BIOAQUAM), ISARH, UFRA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Rodrigo Takata
- Departamento de Pesquisa E Produção, Fundação Instituto de Pesca Do Estado Do Rio de Janeiro (FIPERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Cordeiro, Brazil
| | - Ednaldo da Silva Filho
- Laboratório de Sorologia E Biologia Molecular (LSBM), Instituto de Ciências Agrárias, UFRA, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Igor Hamoy
- Laboratório de Genética Aplicada (LGA), Instituto Socioambiental E Dos Recursos Hídricos (ISARH), Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia (UFRA), Belém, Pará, Brazil.
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Guo J, Guo H, Chen C, Yu F, Liu B, Zhang N, Xian L, Luo Z, Liu W, Zhu K, Zhang D. Functional Characterization of the Almstn2 Gene and Its Association with Growth Traits in the Yellowfin Seabream Acanthopagrus latus (Hottuyn, 1782). Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2142. [PMID: 38136962 PMCID: PMC10742913 DOI: 10.3390/genes14122142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Myostatin (mstn), also known as GDF8, is a growth and differentiation factor of the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily and plays a key inhibitory effect in the regulation of skeletal muscle development and growth in vertebrates. In the present study, to comprehend the role of the mstn2 gene of the yellowfin seabream Acanthopagrus latus (Almstn2b), the genomic sequence of Almstn2b is 2359 bp, which encodes 360 amino acids and is composed of three exons and two introns, was obtained. Two typical regions, a TGF-β propeptide and TGF-β domain, constitute Almstn2b. The topology indicated that Almstn2 was grouped together with other Perciformes, such as the gilthead seabream Sparus aurata. Moreover, Almstn2b was mainly expressed in the brain, fins, and spleen. Furthermore, five SNPs, one in the exons and four in the introns, were identified in the Almstn2b gene. The allele and genotype frequencies of SNP-Almstn2b +1885 A/G were significantly related to the total weight, interorbital distance, stem length, tail length, caudal length, caudal height, body length, and total length (p < 0.05). The allele and genotype frequencies of SNP-Almstn2b +1888 A/G were significantly related to the weight, interorbital distance, long head behind the eyes, body height, tail length, caudal length, and body length. Additionally, the relationship between the SNP-Almstn2b +1915 A/G locus and weight and long head behind the eyes was significant (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the other two SNPs were not significantly associated with any traits. Thus, the SNPs identified in this study could be utilized as candidate SNPs for breeding and marker-assisted selection in A. latus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyi Guo
- Modern Agricultural Development Center of Zhuhai City, Zhuhai 519000, China; (J.G.); (C.C.); (F.Y.); (Z.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Huayang Guo
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 231 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510300, China; (H.G.); (B.L.); (N.Z.); (L.X.)
- Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou 510300, China
- Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China
| | - Chuanghua Chen
- Modern Agricultural Development Center of Zhuhai City, Zhuhai 519000, China; (J.G.); (C.C.); (F.Y.); (Z.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Fangzhao Yu
- Modern Agricultural Development Center of Zhuhai City, Zhuhai 519000, China; (J.G.); (C.C.); (F.Y.); (Z.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Baosuo Liu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 231 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510300, China; (H.G.); (B.L.); (N.Z.); (L.X.)
- Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou 510300, China
- Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 231 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510300, China; (H.G.); (B.L.); (N.Z.); (L.X.)
- Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou 510300, China
- Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China
| | - Lin Xian
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 231 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510300, China; (H.G.); (B.L.); (N.Z.); (L.X.)
- Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou 510300, China
- Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China
| | - Zhiping Luo
- Modern Agricultural Development Center of Zhuhai City, Zhuhai 519000, China; (J.G.); (C.C.); (F.Y.); (Z.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Wen Liu
- Modern Agricultural Development Center of Zhuhai City, Zhuhai 519000, China; (J.G.); (C.C.); (F.Y.); (Z.L.); (W.L.)
| | - Kecheng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of South China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 231 Xingang Road West, Guangzhou 510300, China; (H.G.); (B.L.); (N.Z.); (L.X.)
| | - Dianchang Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Engineer Technology Research Center of Marine Biological Seed Industry, Guangzhou 510300, China
- Sanya Tropical Fisheries Research Institute, Sanya 572018, China
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Zhang X, Wang F, Ou M, Liu H, Luo Q, Fei S, Zhao J, Chen K, Zhao Q, Li K. Effects of Myostatin b Knockout on Offspring Body Length and Skeleton in Yellow Catfish ( Pelteobagrus fulvidraco). BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1331. [PMID: 37887041 PMCID: PMC10604553 DOI: 10.3390/biology12101331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Based on obtaining mstnb gene knockout in Pelteobagrus fulvidraco, a study on the effect of the mstn gene on skeletal morphology and growth was performed by comparing the number and length of the vertebrae of mutant and wild-type fish in a sibling group of P. fulvidraco, combined with the differences in cells at the level of vertebral skeletal tissue. It was found that mstnb gene knockdown resulted in a reduction in the number of vertebrae, the length, and the intervertebral distance in P. fulvidraco, and these changes may be the underlying cause of the shorter body length in mutant P. fulvidraco. Further, histological comparison of the same sites in the mstn mutant and wild groups of P. fulvidraco also revealed that the number and density of osteocytes were greater in mstnb knockout P. fulvidraco than in wild-type P. fulvidraco. Our results demonstrated that when using genome editing technology to breed new lines, the effects of knockout need to be analyzed comprehensively and may have some unexpected effects due to insufficient study of the function of certain genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xincheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (X.Z.)
| | - Fang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (X.Z.)
| | - Mi Ou
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (X.Z.)
| | - Haiyang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (X.Z.)
| | - Qing Luo
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (X.Z.)
| | - Shuzhan Fei
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (X.Z.)
| | - Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (X.Z.)
| | - Kunci Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (X.Z.)
| | - Qingshun Zhao
- Model Animal Research Center, Nanjing University, 12 Xuefu Road, Pukou High-Tech Development Zone, Nanjing 210061, China
- Institute of Genome Editing, Nanjing YSY Biotech Company, No. 1 Amber Road, Nanjing 211812, China
| | - Kaibin Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropical Fishery Resources Application and Cultivation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Pearl River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510380, China; (X.Z.)
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Yang F, Liu S, Qu J, Zhang Q. Identification and functional characterization of Pomstna in Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus). Gene 2022; 837:146675. [PMID: 35738447 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Myostatin (MSTN) as a negative regulator of muscle growth has been identified in Japanese flounder. Yet, most fish experienced the teleost specific genome duplication and possess at least two mstn genes. In current study, the second mstn gene named Pomstna is identified in Japanese flounder. Pomstna is clustered with other mstn2 of teleosts and owned highly conserved TGF-beta domain. In addition to muscle, Pomstna also highly expressed in brain and spleen. Using the primarily cultured muscle cells of Japanese flounder, we found that Pomstna could inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of muscle cells in vitro. As a ligand of TGF-beta signaling pathway, Pomstnb could regulate the expression of p21 and myod by activating the TGF-beta signaling pathway. Different from the function of Pomstnb, Pomstna could not activate the TGF-beta signaling pathway in vitro. During the differentiation of PoM cells, the expression of Pomstnb decreased significantly but the expression of Pomstna showed no change. Our study suggests that Pomstna could negatively regulate the growth and differentiation of muscle like Pomstnb yet through a different regulatory mechanism than Pomstnb. The present study suggests that muscle proliferation and differentiation were regulated by mstn not only through the TGF-beta signaling pathway but also other unknown mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Saisai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Jiangbo Qu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Quanqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetics and Breeding, Ministry of Education, Ocean University of China, 266003 Qingdao, Shandong, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Process, Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology (Qingdao), 266237 Qingdao, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Tropical Aquatic Germplasm of Hainan Province, Sanya Oceanographic Institution, Ocean University of China, 572000 Sanya, China.
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Song F, Ye H, Shi L, Ouyang D, Sun J, Luo J. Characterization and functional analysis of myostatin and myogenin genes involved in temperature variation and starvation stress in Golden pompano, Trachinotus blochii. Comp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol 2022; 267:111183. [PMID: 35247591 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2022.111183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Animal growth and development is a complicated process and is regulated by multi-genes. Myostatin (Mstn) and myogenin (Myog) are a pair of negative and positive regulators respectively, which play an important role in the generation of muscle cells. In order to study the function of these two genes in muscle growth of Trachinotus blochii, full lengths of two mstn genes (mstn-1 and mstn-2) and myog gene were cloned using RACE. We first identified and characterized the complete cDNA sequences of mstn-1, mstn-2, and myog genes derived from T. blochii, an economically important mariculture species in China. Multiple sequence alignment of amino acids and phylogenetic analysis revealed that the Mstn and Myog were highly conserved to the other Perciformes. In addition, gene duplication of mstn in T. blochii was observed. mstn-1 mRNA was mainly expressed in the muscle and gonad, while mstn-2 and myog transcripts were detectable mainly in the brain and muscle, respectively. Moreover, the nutritional status and temperature influenced abundance levels in brain and muscle. Results suggested that mstn and myog genes play an important role in muscle growth of T. blochii, mstn may not be limited to control of muscle growth in fish and could also be involved in other biological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feibiao Song
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Hengzhen Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Liping Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Dongdong Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Junlong Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Jian Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan Aquaculture Breeding Engineering Research Center, Hainan Academician Team Innovation Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China.
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Yang X, Zhi X, Song Z, Wang G, Zhao X, Chi S, Tan B. Flesh quality of hybrid grouper ( Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂) fed with hydrolyzed porcine mucosa-supplemented low fishmeal diet. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2022; 8:114-124. [PMID: 34977381 PMCID: PMC8669251 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Iso-nitrogenous and iso-lipidic diets containing 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% hydrolyzed porcine mucosa (namely, HPM0, HPM3, HPM6, HPM9, and HPM12) were prepared to evaluate their effects on the growth performance, muscle nutrition composition, texture property, and gene expression related to muscle growth of hybrid groupers (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀ × Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂). Groupers were fed to apparent satiation at 08:00 and 16:00 every day for a total of 56 days. It was found that the weight gain percentage in the HPM0, HPM3, and HPM6 groups did not differ (P > 0.05). The cooking loss and drip loss of the dorsal muscle in the HPM3 group were lower than those in the HPM6 and HPM9 groups (P < 0.05). The hardness and chewiness of the dorsal muscle in the HPM3 group were higher than those in the HPM0, HPM9, and HPM12 groups (P < 0.05). The gumminess in the HPM3 group was higher than that in the HPM9 and HPM12 groups (P < 0.05). The total essential amino acid content of the dorsal muscle in the HPM12 group was higher than that in the HPM0 group (P < 0.05). The contents of total n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid and total n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid, as well as the ratio of n-3/n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid in the dorsal muscle was higher in the HPM0 group than in all other groups (P < 0.05). The relative expressions of gene myogenic factor 5, myocyte enhancer factor 2c, myocyte enhancer factor 2a, myosin heavy chain, transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1), and follistatin (FST) were the highest in the dorsal muscle of the HPM3 group. The results indicated that the growth performance of hybrid grouper fed a diet with 6% HPM and 27% fish meal was as good as that of the HPM0 group. When fish ingested a diet containing 3% HPM, the expression of genes TGF-β1 and FST involved in muscle growth were upregulated, and then the muscle quality related to hardness and chewiness were improved. An appropriate amount of HPM could be better used in grouper feed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyi Yang
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang 524025, China
| | - Xinyan Zhi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Ziling Song
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- Yichang Huatai Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Yichang 443500, China
| | - Xumin Zhao
- Yichang Huatai Biological Technology Co., Ltd., Yichang 443500, China
| | - Shuyan Chi
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang 524025, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
| | - Beiping Tan
- Laboratory of Aquatic Nutrition and Feed, College of Fisheries, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524088, China
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhanjiang), Zhanjiang 524025, China
- Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Center of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang 524088, China
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Tang T, Bai J, Ao Z, Wei Z, Hu Y, Liu S. Effects of Dietary Paper Mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera) on Growth Performance and Muscle Quality of Grass Carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idella). Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:1655. [PMID: 34199491 PMCID: PMC8227960 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of dietary paper mulberry (Broussonetia Papyrifera, BP) on growth performance, muscle quality and muscle growth-related mRNA expressions of grass carp. Fish (initial weight: 50.0 ± 0.5 g) were fed diets supplemented with 0% (control diet), 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% BP for 8 weeks. The results showed that increasing levels of paper mulberry linearly and quadratically decreased the special gain rate (SGR) and increased the feed conversion rate (FCR) of grass carp (p < 0.05). Significantly positive quadratic trends were found between paper mulberry levels and muscle crude fat or crude protein of grass carp (p < 0.05). In comparison to the control diet, the 10%BP and 15%BP groups had significantly decreased muscle crude fat and increased crude protein (p < 0.05). The levels of paper mulberry resulted in a linear and quadratic increase in water loss of grass carp muscle (p < 0.05), and all groups with paper mulberry supplementation were significantly higher than the control group (p < 0.05). Significant positive linear and quadratic trends were found between the paper mulberry levels and muscle fiber diameter or density of grass carp (p < 0.05). In comparison to the control diet, the significant differences were found in the 15%BP and 20%BP groups (p < 0.05). The muscle adhesiveness and hardness linearly and quadratically increased with the increasing levels of paper mulberry (p < 0.05), and both of which increased significantly when the level of paper mulberry reached 10% (p < 0.05). In addition, the increase in paper mulberry linearly and quadratically improved the expressions of myoblast determination protein (MyoD), myogenin (MyoG), paired box protein 7 (Pax7) and myostatin 1 (MSTN1) (p < 0.05). When the supplementation of paper mulberry reached 15%, the expressions of all these mRNAs were significantly higher than those of the control group (p < 0.05). In summary, adding 5% paper mulberry did not affect the growth of grass carp. However, the supplementation of 10% paper mulberry could improve muscle quality through improving muscle hardness, reducing fat accumulation and muscle fiber diameter, at the cost of reducing growth performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (T.T.); (J.B.); (Z.A.); (S.L.)
| | - Jinhai Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (T.T.); (J.B.); (Z.A.); (S.L.)
| | - Zhipeng Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (T.T.); (J.B.); (Z.A.); (S.L.)
| | - Zehong Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (T.T.); (J.B.); (Z.A.); (S.L.)
| | - Yi Hu
- Hunan Engineering Research Center for Utilization of Characteristics of Aquatic Resources, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China;
| | - Shaojun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Developmental Biology of Freshwater Fish, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, China; (T.T.); (J.B.); (Z.A.); (S.L.)
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9
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Attia GH, Marrez DA, Mohammed MA, Albarqi HA, Ibrahim AM, Raey MAE. Synergistic Effect of Mandarin Peels and Hesperidin with Sodium Nitrite against Some Food Pathogen Microbes. Molecules 2021; 26:3186. [PMID: 34073447 PMCID: PMC8199405 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26113186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Food preservatives such as NaNO2, which are widely used in human food products, undoubtedly affect, to some extent, human organs and health. For this reason, there is a need to reduce the hazards of these chemical preservatives, by replacing them with safe natural bio-preservatives, or adding them to synthetic ones, which provides synergistic and additive effects. The Citrus genus provides a rich source of such bio-preservatives, in addition to the availability of the genus and the low price of citrus fruit crops. In this study, we identify the most abundant flavonoids in citrus fruits (hesperidin) from the polar extract of mandarin peels (agro-waste) by using spectroscopic techniques, as well as limonene from the non-polar portion using GC techniques. Then, we explore the synergistic and additive effects of hesperidin from total mandarin extract with widely used NaNO2 to create a chemical preservative in food products. The results are promising and show a significant synergistic and additive activity. The combination of mandarin peel extract with NaNO2 had synergistic antibacterial activity against B. cereus, Staph. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa, while hesperidin showed a synergistic effect against B. cereus and P. aeruginosa and an additive effect against Staph. aureus and E. coli. These results refer to the ability of reducing the concentration of NaNO2 and replacing it with a safe natural bio-preservative such as hesperidin from total mandarin extract. Moreover, this led to gaining benefits from their biological and nutritive values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouda H. Attia
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 1988, Saudi Arabia
| | - Diaa A. Marrez
- Food Toxicology and Contaminants Department, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| | - Mona A. Mohammed
- Department of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Research, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt;
| | - Hassan A. Albarqi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 1988, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ammar M. Ibrahim
- Applied Medical Sciences College, Najran University, Najran 1988, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mohamed A. El Raey
- Department of Phytochemistry and Plant Systematics, Pharmaceutical Division, National Research Centre, Cairo 12622, Egypt
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10
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Sheng Y, Sun Y, Zhang X, Wan H, Yao C, Liang K, Li L, Liu B, Zhong J, Zhang Z, Wang Y. Characterization of two myostatin genes in pufferfish Takifugu bimaculatus: sequence, genomic structure, and expression. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9655. [PMID: 32832276 PMCID: PMC7409809 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myostatin (MSTN) is a negative regulator of muscle growth, which restrains the proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts. To understand the role of two mstn genes of Takifugu bimaculatus, the full-length cDNAs of 1131 bp Tbmstn1 and 1,080 bp Tbmstn2 were obtained from the T. bimaculatus' genomic database, which encodes 376 and 359 amino acids, respectively. The results of qRT-PCR showed that Tbmstn1 was expressed in the eye, kidney, spleen, skeletal muscle, gill, and brain, and the expression level in the skeletal muscle was extremely significantly higher than in other examined tissues. Tbmstn2 was expressed in the skin, skeletal muscle, gill, and brain, and had the highest expression in the skeletal muscle, followed by expression in the brain. Meanwhile, in different stages of embryonic development, the expression of Tbmstn1 started from the gastrula stage. Its expression in the eye-pigment formation stage and hatching stage was significantly higher than that in other stages. The Tbmstn2 was expressed in all examined embryonic stages with different levels, and the highest expression was detected in the eye-pigment formation stage. These results suggested that Tbmstn1 and Tbmstn2 may involve in the development of skeletal muscle, and Tbmstn2 may be related to the formation of nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yulong Sun
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Haifu Wan
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chengjie Yao
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
| | - Keying Liang
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Leibin Li
- Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Bo Liu
- Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Jianxing Zhong
- Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen, P.R. China
| | - Ziping Zhang
- College of Animal Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China.,Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology of Fujian Province, Institute of Oceanology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yilei Wang
- Fisheries College, Jimei University, Xiamen, China
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11
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Wu L, Li Y, Xu Y, Wang L, Ma X, Dong C, Zhao X, Tian X, Li X, Kong X. The roles of two myostatins and immune effects after inhibition in Qi river crucian carp (Carassius auratus). FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 98:710-719. [PMID: 31707005 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2019.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Myostatin, through type I receptor (kinase 4, 5, ALK4/5), functions to participate in the immune system and negatively regulate muscle growth in mammals. However, the role of myostatin (mstn) in the immune system of teleosts is largely unknown. In a previous study, we cloned the mstn1 cDNA encoding myostatin in Qi river crucian carp (Carassius auratus). In the present study, we have cloned mstn2 cDNA, which was characterized and analyzed together with mstn1. Tissue distribution analysis showed that both mstn genes are expressed in numerous tissues, with mstn1 dominantly expressed in the muscle and brain, whereas mstn2 is mainly expressed in the brain. During embryogenesis, mstn1 and mstn2 exhibit different expression patterns. Both mstn1 and mstn2 expression increased stepwise in the brain at different developmental stages. Furthermore, both genes are differentially regulated during different periods of fasting/re-feeding. Following the exposure of C. auratus to polyI:C, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and Aeromonas hydrophila, both genes were upregulated in different tissues, which indicated that they might be involved in the immune response against pathogenic invasion. Blocking the Mstn signal pathway with SB-431542 (a chemical inhibitor of ALK4/5) resulted in significantly increased body length and weight. However, the mortality of SB-431542-treated fish was higher after A. hydrophila challenge. Moreover, decreased expression of lysozymes (lyz), complement component 3 (c3), β-defensin 3 (defb3), and interferon γ (ifnγ) were exhibited in treated fish, compared with the controls. Furthermore, the expression of nf-κb1, three pro-inflammatory cytokines (il1β, il6, and tnfα), and inflammatory cytokines (il8 and il10) were significantly increased in both the SB-431542-treated group and the control after A. hydrophila infection, suggesting that the NF-κB pathway was not suppressed in the SB-431542-treated fish. Taken together, our data suggest that both mstn1 and mstn2 play important roles in early body development, muscle growth, and the immune system by acting downstream of the NF-κB signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Limin Wu
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China; College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Yongjing Li
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Yufeng Xu
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Lei Wang
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Xiao Ma
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Chuanju Dong
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Xianliang Zhao
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Xue Tian
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China
| | - Xuejun Li
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China.
| | - Xianghui Kong
- Engineering Lab of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Disease Control, Engineering Technology Research Center of Henan Province for Aquatic Animal Cultivation, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China; College of Life Science, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, 453007, PR China.
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12
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Identification of duplicated suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3) genes in blunt snout bream (Megalobrama amblycephala). Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2020; 239:110348. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2019.110348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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13
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Xie S, Zhou A, Feng Y, Wang Z, Fan L, Zhang Y, Zeng F, Zou J. Effects of fasting and re-feeding on mstn and mstnb genes expressions in Cranoglanis bouderius. Gene 2019; 682:1-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
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14
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Zhao H, Xia J, Zhang X, He X, Li L, Tang R, Chi W, Li D. Diet Affects Muscle Quality and Growth Traits of Grass Carp ( Ctenopharyngodon idellus): A Comparison Between Grass and Artificial Feed. Front Physiol 2018; 9:283. [PMID: 29632496 PMCID: PMC5879129 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 03/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Fish muscle, the main edible parts with high protein level and low fat level, is consumed worldwide. Diet contributes greatly to fish growth performance and muscle quality. In order to elucidate the correlation between diet and muscle quality, the same batch of juvenile grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus) were divided into two groups and fed with either grass (Lolium perenne, Euphrasia pectinata and Sorghum sudanense) or artificial feed, respectively. However, the different two diets didn't result in significant differences in all the detected water quality parameters (e.g., Tm, pH, DO, NH3/[Formula: see text]-N, [Formula: see text]-N, [Formula: see text], TN, TP, and TOC) between the two experimental groups. After a 4-month culture period, various indexes and expression of myogenic regulatory factor (MRFs) and their related genes were tested. The weight gain of the fish fed with artificial feed (AFG) was nearly 40% higher than the fish fed with grass (GFG). Significantly higher alkaline phosphatase, total cholestrol, high density cholestrol and total protein were detected in GFG as compared to AFG. GFG also showed increased hardness, resilience and shear force in texture profile analysis, with significantly bigger and compact muscle fibers in histologic slices. The fat accumulation was most serious in the abdomen muscle of AFG. Additionally, the expression levels of MyoG, MyoD, IGF-1, and MSTNs were higher, whereas Myf-5, MRF4, and IGF-2 were lower in most positional muscles of GFG as compared to AFG. Overall, these results suggested that feeding grass could promote muscle growth and development by stimulating muscle fiber hypertrophy, as well as significantly enhance the expression of CoL1As. Feeding C. idellus with grass could also improve flesh quality by improving muscle characteristics, enhancing the production of collagen, meanthile, reducing fat accumulation and moisture in muscle, but at the cost of a slower growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honghao Zhao
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Aquaculture Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Jianguo Xia
- Department of Animal Science, Institute of Parasitology, McGill University, Sainte-Ann-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada
| | - Xi Zhang
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Aquaculture Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xugang He
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Aquaculture Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Li Li
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Aquaculture Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Tang
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Aquaculture Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Chi
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Aquaculture Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dapeng Li
- Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, National Demonstration Center for Experimental Aquaculture Education, College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Health Aquaculture and Product Processing, Hunan University of Arts and Science, Changde, China
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15
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Khalil K, Elayat M, Khalifa E, Daghash S, Elaswad A, Miller M, Abdelrahman H, Ye Z, Odin R, Drescher D, Vo K, Gosh K, Bugg W, Robinson D, Dunham R. Generation of Myostatin Gene-Edited Channel Catfish (Ictalurus punctatus) via Zygote Injection of CRISPR/Cas9 System. Sci Rep 2017; 7:7301. [PMID: 28779173 PMCID: PMC5544710 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07223-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The myostatin (MSTN) gene is important because of its role in regulation of skeletal muscle growth in all vertebrates. In this study, CRISPR/Cas9 was utilized to successfully target the channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, muscle suppressor gene MSTN. CRISPR/Cas9 induced high rates (88-100%) of mutagenesis in the target protein-encoding sites of MSTN. MSTN-edited fry had more muscle cells (p < 0.001) than controls, and the mean body weight of gene-edited fry increased by 29.7%. The nucleic acid alignment of the mutated sequences against the wild-type sequence revealed multiple insertions and deletions. These results demonstrate that CRISPR/Cas9 is a highly efficient tool for editing the channel catfish genome, and opens ways for facilitating channel catfish genetic enhancement and functional genomics. This approach may produce growth-enhanced channel catfish and increase productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karim Khalil
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt.
| | - Medhat Elayat
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Elsayed Khalifa
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Samer Daghash
- Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Elaswad
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
- Department of Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt.
| | - Michael Miller
- Harrison School of Pharmacy, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Hisham Abdelrahman
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
- Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Zhi Ye
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Ramjie Odin
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - David Drescher
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Khoi Vo
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Kamal Gosh
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - William Bugg
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Dalton Robinson
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Rex Dunham
- School of Fisheries, Aquaculture and Aquatic Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
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16
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Zheng GD, Zhou CX, Lin ST, Chen J, Jiang XY, Zou SM. Two grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 5 genes exhibit different yet conserved functions in development and growth. Comp Biochem Physiol B Biochem Mol Biol 2016; 204:69-76. [PMID: 27913274 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpb.2016.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor binding-protein 5 (igfbp5), the most conserved member of the IGFBP family in vertebrates, plays a critical role in controlling cell survival, growth, differentiation, and apoptosis. Here, we characterized the expression patterns of igfbp5a and igfbp5b in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella), which are retained in many fish species, likely from the teleost-specific whole-genome duplication. Both igfbp5a and igfbp5b encode 268- and 263-aa peptides, respectively, which share a sequence identity of 71%. Their mRNAs are not detected in zygotes. At 14hpf, grass carp igfbp5b mRNA was detected in the somites, while igfbp5a mRNA has some possible signal around the eye and head region. At 24hpf, both igfbp5a and igfbp5b mRNA appear to be limited to the presomitic mesoderm. At 36hpf, igfbp5a mRNA was only detected in the midbrain, while igfbp5b mRNA was detected in both the midbrain and notochord. Overall, both mRNAs were expressed in most adult tissues. igfbp5a and igfbp5b were significantly upregulated in the muscle and liver after injection of 10μg per kilogram body weight of zebrafish growth hormone (zGH), while their hepatic expression was downregulated by 50μg zGH. During fasting, both igfbp5a and igfbp5b mRNAs were significantly downregulated in the muscle but upregulated in the liver. Collectively, the results suggest that the two igfbp5 genes play important but different roles in the regulation of growth and development in grass carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Dong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Chun-Xue Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Si-Tong Lin
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xia-Yun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Shu-Ming Zou
- Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources for Freshwater Aquaculture and Fisheries, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China.
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17
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Sun YW, Li FG, Chen J, Jiang XY, Zou SM. Two follistatin-like 1 homologs are differentially expressed in adult tissues and during embryogenesis in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2015; 223:1-8. [PMID: 26439673 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 09/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Follistatin-like 1 (Fstl1) peptides play important roles in inhibiting myoblast proliferation and differentiation. Here, we characterized and examined the expression patterns of fstl1a and -b in grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). These genes encode 314 aa and 310 aa peptides, respectively, sharing a sequence identity of 83%. Except for the existence of the follistatin-N-terminal (FOLN) and Kazal-type 2 serine protease inhibitor (Kazal 2) domains, grass carp Fstl1a and -b do not share amino acid sequence similarity with Fst1 and -b. Both fstl1a and -b mRNAs were widely expressed in adult tissues. During embryogenesis, grass carp fstl1a and -b mRNA was detected in the presomitic mesoderm and somites at 12h post fertilization (hpf). At 24hpf, fstl1a mRNA was expressed in the hindbrain, somites, notochord and tailbud, while fstl1b mRNA was only detected in the tailbud. At 36hpf, fstl1a mRNA was detected in the hindbrain and notochord, and fstl1b was also expressed in the notochord. Furthermore, fstl1a and -b were downregulated in brain and liver tissue following injection with 10 or 50μg hGH, while fstl1b was significantly up-regulated in muscle tissue after 10μg hGH treatment. Both fstl1a and -b were significantly up-regulated at 2, 4 or 6days of nutrient restriction, and fstl1a was still highly expressed in the liver and muscle after 3days of refeeding, as was fstl1b in the brain and muscle. The expression of these genes returned to near control levels following 6days of refeeding. Our findings suggest that the two fstls play important but divergent roles in embryonic development and tissue growth regulation in grass carp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Wen Sun
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Fu-Gui Li
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Xia-Yun Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China.
| | - Shu-Ming Zou
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquatic Genetic Resources, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China.
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