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Hanson AM, Kittilson JD, Sheridan MA. Environmental estrogens inhibit insulin-like growth factor (IGF) receptor mRNA expression, IGF binding, and IGF signaling ex vivo in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2023; 330:114125. [PMID: 36116484 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2022.114125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we used juvenile rainbow trout to examine the direct effects of selected environmental estrogens (EE), specifically, 17 β-estradiol (E2), β-sitosterol (βS), and 4-n-nonylphenol (NP), on target tissue sensitivity to insulin-like growth factor (IGF) as assessed by expression of IGF receptor type 1 (IGFR1) mRNAs and IGF-1 binding capacity, as well as on the cell signaling pathways through which EE exert their effects. E2 and NP inhibited IGFR1A and IGFR1B mRNA expression in a time- and concentration-related manner in gill and muscle; however, βS had no effect on expression of IGFR1 mRNAs in either tissue. NP reduced 125I-IGF binding in gill and E2 and NP reduced 125I-IGF in white muscle; βS had no effect on 125I-IGF binding in either gill or white muscle. Treatment of gill filaments with either E2 or NP rapidly deactivated (via reduced proportion of phosphorylation) JAK2, STAT5, Akt, and ERK; βS had no effect on the activation state of any cell signaling elements tested. The effects of EE on IGFR mRNA expression in gill were estrogen receptor (ER) dependent as the inhibitory effects were rescued by the ER antagonist, ICI 182,780. All EE tested blocked growth hormone (GH)-stimulated IGFR mRNA expression in gill filaments. GH-stimulated activation of JAK2, STAT5, Akt, and ERK were blocked by E2, βS, and NP. Lastly, E2 and NP stimulated suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS-2) mRNA expression, an effect that also was ER dependent. These results indicate that EE directly reduce the sensitivity of peripheral tissues to IGF by reducing mRNA and functional expression of IGFRs. Such inhibitory actions of EE are mediated, at least in part, by ER-dependent mechanisms that deactivate JAK, STAT, Akt, and ERK and enhance expression of SOCS-2. These findings together with our previous results show that EE retard growth of post-embryonic rainbow trout through widespread direct effects on the GH-IGF system, specifically, by reducing tissue sensitivity to GH, inhibiting IGF production, reducing tissue sensitivity to IGF, and by deactivating post-receptor IGF cell signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Hanson
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58108, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Kittilson
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58108, USA
| | - Mark A Sheridan
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58108, USA.
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2
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Albornoz-Abud NA, Canul-Marín GF, Chan-Cuá I, Hernández-Núñez E, Cañizares-Martínez MA, Valdés-Lozano D, Rodríguez-Canul R, Albores-Medina A, Colli-Dula RC. Gene expression analysis on growth, development and toxicity pathways of male Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), after acute and sub-chronic benzo (α) pyrene exposures. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2021; 250:109160. [PMID: 34371172 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2021.109160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[α]pyrene (BaP), a lipophilic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), is a contaminant widely distributed in aquatic systems. Its presence in freshwater organisms is of great concern; particularly in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), due to its economic relevance. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of acute and sub-chronic BaP exposures on molecular growth/development responses, toxicity to DNA pathways and xenobiotic metabolism. Negative morphometric changes (the growth condition factor, hepatosomatic and gonadosomatic indices), the fluorescent aromatic compounds (FACs) in bile were also studied in order to understand the mechanisms of action of BaP. Genes involved in the growth hormone GH/insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) were measured, such as IGF1-2 with the growth hormone receptor gene expression GHR1-2, and the endocrine disruption biomarker vitellogenin (VTG). Acute exposure elicited changes in the GH/IGF axis, mainly in the GHR1 and in IGF1 mRNA levels without affecting the GHR2 expression. While sub-chronic exposure had less effect on both GHR and IGF genes. The most notable tissue-specific effects and morphometric endpoints were observed upon sub-chronic exposure, such as changes in key genes involved in detoxification, DNA damage, and altered reproductive morphological endpoints; showing that sub-chronic BaP doses have longer-lasting toxic effects. This study shows that sub-chronic BaP exposure may compromise the health of Nile tilapia and sheds light on the changes of the GH/IGF axis and the biotransformation of the xenobiotics due to the presence of this contaminant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nacira Anahí Albornoz-Abud
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Mérida, México
| | - Gerson Felipe Canul-Marín
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Mérida, México
| | - Iván Chan-Cuá
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Mérida, México
| | - Emanuel Hernández-Núñez
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Mérida, México; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, CONACYT, México
| | | | - David Valdés-Lozano
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Mérida, México
| | - Rossanna Rodríguez-Canul
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Mérida, México
| | - Arnulfo Albores-Medina
- Sección Externa de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, México
| | - Reyna Cristina Colli-Dula
- Departamento de Recursos del Mar, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Unidad Mérida, México; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología, CONACYT, México.
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Burgos-Aceves MA, Migliaccio V, Di Gregorio I, Paolella G, Lepretti M, Faggio C, Lionetti L. 1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)-ethane (DDT) and 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis (p, p'-chlorophenyl) ethylene (DDE) as endocrine disruptors in human and wildlife: A possible implication of mitochondria. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 87:103684. [PMID: 34052433 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
1,1,1-trichloro-2,2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)-ethane (DDT) and its main metabolite 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis (p, p'-chlorophenyl) ethylene (DDE) act as endocrine disruptors in humans and wildlife. Immunomodulatory functions have also been attributed to both xenobiotics. DDT was banned in the 1970s due to its toxicity, but it is still produced and used for indoor residual spraying with disease vector control purposes. Due to their persistence and lipophilic properties, DDT and DDE can bioaccumulate through the food chain, being stored in organisms' adipose depots. Their endocrine disruptor function is mediated by agonist or antagonist interaction with nuclear receptors. Present review aimed to provide an overview of how DDT and DDE exposure impacts reproductive and immune systems with estrogen-disrupting action in humans and wildlife. Studies showing DDT and DDE impact on mitochondrial function and apoptosis pathway will also be reviewed, suggesting the hypothesis of direct action on mitochondrial steroid receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Alberto Burgos-Aceves
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Migliaccio
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Ilaria Di Gregorio
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Gaetana Paolella
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Marilena Lepretti
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - Caterina Faggio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical, and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Viale F. Stagno d'Alcontres, 31, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - Lillà Lionetti
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, University of Salerno, via Giovanni Paolo II, 132, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy.
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Hanson AM, Kittilson JD, Sheridan MA. Environmental estrogens inhibit the expression of insulin-like growth factor mRNAs in rainbow trout in vitro by altering activation of the JAK-STAT, AKT-PI3K, and ERK signaling pathways. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2021; 309:113792. [PMID: 33872603 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2021.113792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Environmental estrogens (EE) have been found to disrupt a host of developmental, reproductive, metabolic, and osmoregulatory process in a wide-range of animals, particularly those in aquatic ecosystems where such compounds concentrate. Previously, we showed that EE inhibited post-embryonic organismal growth of rainbow trout in vivo, but the precise mechanism(s) through which EE exert their growth inhibiting effects remain unknown. In this study, we used rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) as a model to investigate the direct effects of 17β-estradiol (E2), β-sitosterol (βS), and 4-n-nonylphenol (NP) on the synthesis of insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) and to elucidate the mechanism(s) by which EEs exert such effects. E2, βS, and NP significantly inhibited the expression of both IGF-1 and IGF-2 mRNAs in liver and gill in a time- and concentration-related manner. Although the response evoked by each EEs on the expression of IGF mRNAs was similar, the potency and efficacy varied with EE; the rank order potency/efficacy was as follows: E2 > NP > βS. The effects of EEs on the expression of IGF mRNAs was blocked by the estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist, ICI 182780. The mechanism(s) through which EEs inhibit IGF mRNA expression were investigated in isolated liver cells in vitro. EE treatment deactivated JAK, STAT, ERK, and AKT. Moreover, blockade of growth hormone (GH)-stimulated IGF expression by EE was accompanied by deactivation of JAK, STAT, ERK, and AKT. EEs also increased the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 2 (SOCS-2), a known inhibitor of JAK-2--an action that also was blocked by ICI 182780. These results indicate that EEs directly inhibit the expression of IGF mRNAs by disrupting GH post-receptor signaling pathways (e.g., JAK, STAT, ERK, and AKT) in an ER-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea M Hanson
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58108, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Kittilson
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58108, USA
| | - Mark A Sheridan
- Department of Biological Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo 58108, USA.
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5
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Breves JP, Springer-Miller RH, Chenoweth DA, Paskavitz AL, Chang AYH, Regish AM, Einarsdottir IE, Björnsson BT, McCormick SD. Cortisol regulates insulin-like growth-factor binding protein (igfbp) gene expression in Atlantic salmon parr. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:110989. [PMID: 32835784 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The growth hormone (Gh)/insulin-like growth-factor (Igf)/Igf binding protein (Igfbp) system regulates growth and osmoregulation in salmonid fishes, but how this system interacts with other endocrine systems is largely unknown. Given the well-documented consequences of mounting a glucocorticoid stress response on growth, we hypothesized that cortisol inhibits anabolic processes by modulating the expression of hepatic igfbp mRNAs. Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) parr were implanted intraperitoneally with cortisol implants (0, 10, and 40 μg g-1 body weight) and sampled after 3 or 14 days. Cortisol elicited a dose-dependent reduction in specific growth rate (SGR) after 14 days. While plasma Gh and Igf1 levels were unchanged, hepatic igf1 mRNA was diminished and hepatic igfbp1b1 and -1b2 were stimulated by the high cortisol dose. Plasma Igf1 was positively correlated with SGR at 14 days. Hepatic gh receptor (ghr), igfbp1a, -2a, -2b1, and -2b2 levels were not impacted by cortisol. Muscle igf2, but not igf1 or ghr, levels were stimulated at 3 days by the high cortisol dose. As both cortisol and the Gh/Igf axis promote seawater (SW) tolerance, and particular igfbps respond to SW exposure, we also assessed whether cortisol coordinates the expression of branchial igfbps and genes associated with ion transport. Cortisol stimulated branchial igfbp5b2 levels in parallel with Na+/K+-ATPase (NKA) activity and nka-α1b, Na+/K+/2Cl--cotransporter 1 (nkcc1), and cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator 1 (cftr1) mRNA levels. The collective results indicate that cortisol modulates the growth of juvenile salmon via the regulation of hepatic igfbp1s whereas no clear links between cortisol and branchial igfbps previously shown to be salinity-responsive could be established.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Breves
- Department of Biology, Skidmore College, 815 N. Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY, 12866, USA.
| | - R H Springer-Miller
- Department of Biology, Skidmore College, 815 N. Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY, 12866, USA
| | - D A Chenoweth
- Department of Biology, Skidmore College, 815 N. Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY, 12866, USA
| | - A L Paskavitz
- Department of Biology, Skidmore College, 815 N. Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY, 12866, USA
| | - A Y H Chang
- Department of Biology, Skidmore College, 815 N. Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY, 12866, USA
| | - A M Regish
- U.S. Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center, Conte Anadromous Fish Research Laboratory, One Migratory Way, Turners Falls, MA, 01376, USA
| | - I E Einarsdottir
- Fish Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 463 SE, 40530, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - B Th Björnsson
- Fish Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 463 SE, 40530, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - S D McCormick
- U.S. Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center, Conte Anadromous Fish Research Laboratory, One Migratory Way, Turners Falls, MA, 01376, USA
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6
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Celino-Brady FT, Petro-Sakuma CK, Breves JP, Lerner DT, Seale AP. Early-life exposure to 17β-estradiol and 4-nonylphenol impacts the growth hormone/insulin-like growth-factor system and estrogen receptors in Mozambique tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2019; 217:105336. [PMID: 31733503 PMCID: PMC6935514 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2019.105336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 09/28/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
It is widely recognized that endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) released into the environment through anthropogenic activities can have short-term impacts on physiological and behavioral processes and/or sustained or delayed long-term developmental effects on aquatic organisms. While numerous studies have characterized the effects of EDCs on temperate fishes, less is known on the effects of EDCs on the growth and reproductive physiology of tropical species. To determine the long-term effects of early-life exposure to common estrogenic chemicals, we exposed Mozambique tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) yolk-sac fry to 17β-estradiol (E2) and nonylphenol (NP) and subsequently characterized the expression of genes involved in growth and reproduction in adults. Fry were exposed to waterborne E2 (0.1 and 1 μg/L) and NP (10 and 100 μg/L) for 21 days. After the exposure period, juveniles were reared for an additional 112 days until males were sampled. Gonadosomatic index was elevated in fish exposed to E2 (0.1 μg/L) while hepatosomatic index was decreased by exposure to NP (100 μg/L). Exposure to E2 (0.1 μg/L) induced hepatic growth hormone receptor (ghr) mRNA expression. The high concentration of E2 (1 μg/L), and both concentrations of NP, increased hepatic insulin-like growth-factor 1 (igf1) expression; E2 and NP did not affect hepatic igf2 and pituitary growth hormone (gh) levels. Both E2 (1 μg/L) and NP (10 μg/L) induced hepatic igf binding protein 1b (igfbp1b) levels while only NP (100 μg/L) induced hepatic igfbp2b levels. By contrast, hepatic igfbp6b was reduced in fish exposed to E2 (1 μg/L). There were no effects of E2 or NP on hepatic igfbp4 and igfbp5a expression. Although the expression of three vitellogenin transcripts was not affected, E2 and NP stimulated hepatic estrogen receptor (erα and erβ) mRNA expression. We conclude that tilapia exposed to E2 and NP as yolk-sac fry exhibit subsequent changes in the endocrine systems that control growth and reproduction during later life stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fritzie T Celino-Brady
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
| | - Cody K Petro-Sakuma
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
| | - Jason P Breves
- Department of Biology, Skidmore College, 815 N. Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA.
| | - Darren T Lerner
- University of Hawai'i Sea Grant College Program, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 2525 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
| | - Andre P Seale
- Department of Human Nutrition, Food and Animal Sciences, University of Hawai'i at Mānoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
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7
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Lee JM, Lee BH, Chang SN, Oh H, Ryu B, Kim U, Park JH. Establishment, characterization, and toxicological application of a spontaneous immortalized cell line from the striped field mouse, Apodemus agrarius. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2018; 54:779-787. [PMID: 30306320 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-018-0290-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
It is important to secure various biological resources in situations of diminishing wildlife genetic diversity. Cultured cells are useful bioresources because they can stably store genetic information for a long time and can be expanded efficiently. Here, we established fibroblast cell lines from Apodemus agrarius as a new living resource. A. agrarius is an important sub-predator species in ecosystem food chains and for the study of infection epidemiology. Established cell lines were characterized by chromosome and mitochondrial gene analysis, the observation of cell morphology, and their anchorage-dependent growth pattern. We also examined susceptibility to endocrine disruptors (EDCs), which threaten biodiversity, using these established cell lines. Nonylphenol (NP) is a well-known EDC that threatens wildlife; however, its impact is poorly understood. Sensitivity to NP was confirmed based on two cell viability assays, namely MTT and lactate dehydrogenase. Cells exposed to NP were analyzed for abnormalities in cell growth and mitochondrial function by evaluating the expression of genes (specifically, those encoding growth hormone receptor and cytochrome C oxidase). This newly established cell line represents a valuable tool for the evaluation of toxic substances such as EDCs and this cell was biobanked for study about relationship between various environmental pollution and decreasing biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Min Lee
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung-Hee Lee
- Microorganism Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea
| | - Seo-Na Chang
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hanseul Oh
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokyeong Ryu
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ukjin Kim
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Hak Park
- Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Breves JP, Duffy TA, Einarsdottir IE, Björnsson BT, McCormick SD. In vivo effects of 17α-ethinylestradiol, 17β-estradiol and 4-nonylphenol on insulin-like growth-factor binding proteins (igfbps) in Atlantic salmon. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2018; 203:28-39. [PMID: 30075440 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/24/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Feminizing endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) affect the growth and development of teleost fishes. The major regulator of growth performance, the growth hormone (Gh)/insulin-like growth-factor (Igf) system, is sensitive to estrogenic compounds and mediates certain physiological and potentially behavioral consequences of EDC exposure. Igf binding proteins (Igfbps) are key modulators of Igf activity, but their alteration by EDCs has not been examined. We investigated two life-stages (fry and smolts) of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar), and characterized how the Gh/Igf/Igfbp system responded to waterborne 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2), 17β-estradiol (E2) and 4-nonylphenol (NP). Fry exposed to EE2 and NP for 21 days had increased hepatic vitellogenin (vtg) mRNA levels while hepatic estrogen receptor α (erα), gh receptor (ghr), igf1 and igf2 mRNA levels were decreased. NP-exposed fry had reduced body mass and total length compared to controls. EE2 and NP reduced hepatic igfbp1b1, -2a, -2b1, -4, -5b2 and -6b1, and stimulated igfbp5a. In smolts, hepatic vtg mRNA levels were induced following 4-day exposures to all three EDCs, while erα only responded to EE2 and E2. EDC exposures did not affect body mass or fork length; however, EE2 diminished plasma Gh and Igf1 levels in parallel with reductions in hepatic ghr and igf1. In smolts, EE2 and E2 diminished hepatic igfbp1b1, -4 and -6b1, and stimulated igfbp5a. There were no signs of compromised ionoregulation in smolts, as indicated by unchanged branchial ion pump/transporter mRNA levels. We conclude that hepatic igfbps respond (directly and/or indirectly) to environmental estrogens during two key life-stages of Atlantic salmon, and thus may modulate the growth and development of exposed individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason P Breves
- Department of Biology, Skidmore College, 815 N. Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY 12866, USA.
| | - Tara A Duffy
- Department of Marine and Environmental Sciences, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
| | - Ingibjörg E Einarsdottir
- Fish Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Björn Thrandur Björnsson
- Fish Endocrinology Laboratory, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Box 463, SE-40530, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Stephen D McCormick
- U.S. Geological Survey, Leetown Science Center, S. O. Conte Anadromous Fish Research Laboratory, One Migratory Way, Turners Falls, MA 01376, USA.
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9
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Genomic integration and ligand-dependent activation of the human estrogen receptor α in the crustacean Daphnia magna. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0198023. [PMID: 29883470 PMCID: PMC5993276 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The freshwater crustacean Daphnia have a long history in water quality assessments and now lend themselves to detection of targeted chemicals using genetically encoded reporter gene due to recent progress in the development of genome editing tools. By introducing human genes into Daphnia, we may be able to detect chemicals that affect the human system, or even apply it to screening potentially useful chemicals. Here, we aimed to develop a transgenic line of Daphnia magna that contains the human estrogen receptor alpha (hERα) and shows a fluorescence response to exposure of estrogens. We designed plasmids to express hERα in Daphnia (EF1α1:esr1) and to report estrogenic activity via red fluorescence (ERE:mcherry) under the control of estrogen response element (ERE). After confirmation of functionality of the plasmids by microinjection into embryos, the two plasmids were joined, a TALE site was added and integrated into the D. magna genome using TALEN. When the resulting transgenic Daphnia named the ES line was exposed to Diethylstilbestrol (DES) or 17β-Estradiol (E2), the ES line could reliably expressed red fluorescence derived from mCherry in a ligand-dependent manner, indicating that an estrogen-responsive line of D. magna was established. This is the first time a human gene was expressed in Daphnia, showcasing potential for further research.
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Du X, Zhu Y, Peng Z, Cui Y, Zhang Q, Shi Z, Guan Y, Sha X, Shen T, Yang Y, Li X, Wang Z, Li X, Liu G. High concentrations of fatty acids and β-hydroxybutyrate impair the growth hormone-mediated hepatic JAK2-STAT5 pathway in clinically ketotic cows. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:3476-3487. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2017-13234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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Wu X, Tong B, Yang Y, Luo J, Yuan X, Wei Z, Yue M, Xia Y, Dai Y. Arctigenin functions as a selective agonist of estrogen receptor β to restrict mTORC1 activation and consequent Th17 differentiation. Oncotarget 2018; 7:83893-83906. [PMID: 27863380 PMCID: PMC5356633 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Arctigenin was previously proven to inhibit Th17 cell differentiation and thereby attenuate colitis in mice by down-regulating the activation of mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1). The present study was performed to address its underlying mechanism in view of estrogen receptor (ER). The specific antagonist PHTPP or siRNA of ERβ largely diminished the inhibitory effect of arctigenin on the mTORC1 activation in T cell lines and primary CD4+ T cells under Th17-polarization condition, suggesting that arctigenin functioned in an ERβ-dependent manner. Moreover, arctigenin was recognized to be an agonist of ERβ, which could bind to ERβ with a moderate affinity, promote dissociation of ERβ/HSP90 complex and nuclear translocation and phosphorylation of ERβ, and increase the transcription activity. Following activation of ERβ, arctigenin inhibited the activity of mTORC1 by disruption of ERβ-raptor-mTOR complex assembly. Deficiency of ERβ markedly abolished arctigenin-mediated inhibition of Th17 cell differentiation. In colitis mice, the activation of ERβ, inhibition of mTORC1 activation and Th17 response by arctigenin were abolished by PHTPP treatment. In conclusion, ERβ might be the target protein of arctigenin responsible for inhibition of mTORC1 activation and resultant prevention of Th17 cell differentiation and colitis development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wu
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, China.,Institute of Pathology and Southwest Cancer Center, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bei Tong
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinque Luo
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, China
| | - Xusheng Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhifeng Wei
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, China
| | - Mengfan Yue
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufeng Xia
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Dai
- Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Tong Jia Xiang, Nanjing, China
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12
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Ahmed R. Endocrine Disruptors; Possible Mechanisms for Inducing Developmental Disorders. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BASIC SCIENCE IN MEDICINE 2017. [DOI: 10.15171/ijbsm.2017.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R.G. Ahmed
- Division of Anatomy and Embryology, Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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