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Taguchi A, Yoshimoto D, Kusakabe M, Baba S, Kawata A, Miyamoto Y, Mori M, Sone K, Hirota Y, Osuga Y. Impact of human papillomavirus types on uterine cervical neoplasia. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2024; 50:1283-1288. [PMID: 38852606 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a major cause of cervical cancer. As the natural history of HPV-associated cervical lesions is HPV genotype-dependent, it is important to understand the characteristics of these genotypes and to manage them accordingly. Among high-risk HPVs, HPV16 and 18 are particularly aggressive, together accounting for 70% of HPV genotypes detected in cervical cancer. Other than HPV16 and 18, HPV31, 33, 35, 45, 52, and 58 are also at a high risk of progression to cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN)3 or higher. Recent studies have shown that the natural history of HPV16, 18, 52, and 58, which are frequently detected in Japan, depends on the HPV genotype. For example, HPV16 tends to progress in a stepwise fashion from CIN1 to CIN3, while HPV52 and 58 are more likely to persist in the CIN1 to CIN2 state. Among the high-risk HPVs, HPV18 has some peculiar characteristics different from those of other high-risk HPV types; the detection rate in precancerous lesions is much lower than those of other high-risk HPVs, and it is frequently detected in highly malignant adenocarcinoma and small cell carcinoma. Recent findings demonstrate that HPV18 may be characterized by latent infection and carcinogenesis in stem cell-like cells. In this context, this review outlines the natural history of HPV-infected cervical lesions and the characteristics of each HPV genotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayumi Taguchi
- Laboratory of Human Single Cell Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Yoshimoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Misako Kusakabe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Baba
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Kawata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Miyamoto
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayuyo Mori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenbun Sone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hirota
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yutaka Osuga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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2
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Lee AV, Nestler KA, Chiappinelli KB. Therapeutic targeting of DNA methylation alterations in cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2024; 258:108640. [PMID: 38570075 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2024.108640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
DNA methylation is a critical component of gene regulation and plays an important role in the development of cancer. Hypermethylation of tumor suppressor genes and silencing of DNA repair pathways facilitate uncontrolled cell growth and synergize with oncogenic mutations to perpetuate cancer phenotypes. Additionally, aberrant DNA methylation hinders immune responses crucial for antitumor immunity. Thus, inhibiting dysregulated DNA methylation is a promising cancer therapy. Pharmacologic inhibition of DNA methylation reactivates silenced tumor suppressors and bolster immune responses through induction of viral mimicry. Now, with the advent of immunotherapies and discovery of the immune-modulatory effects of DNA methylation inhibitors, there is great interest in understanding how targeting DNA methylation in combination with other therapies can enhance antitumor immunity. Here, we describe the role of aberrant DNA methylation in cancer and mechanisms by which it promotes tumorigenesis and modulates immune responses. Finally, we review the initial discoveries and ongoing efforts to target DNA methylation as a cancer therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail V Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Kevin A Nestler
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Katherine B Chiappinelli
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, & Tropical Medicine, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
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3
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Watanabe T, Soeda S, Okoshi C, Fukuda T, Yasuda S, Fujimori K. Landscape of somatic mutated genes and inherited susceptibility genes in gynecological cancer. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2023; 49:2629-2643. [PMID: 37632362 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Traditionally, gynecological cancers have been classified based on histology. Since remarkable advancements in next-generation sequencing technology have enabled the exploration of somatic mutations in various cancer types, comprehensive sequencing efforts have revealed the genomic landscapes of some common forms of human cancer. The genomic features of various gynecological malignancies have been reported by several studies of large-scale genomic cohorts, including The Cancer Genome Atlas. Although recent comprehensive genomic profiling tests, which can detect hundreds of genetic mutations at a time from cancer tissues or blood samples, have been increasingly used as diagnostic clinical biomarkers and in therapeutic management decisions, germline pathogenic variants associated with hereditary cancers can also be detected using this test. Gynecological cancers are closely related to genetic factors, with approximately 5% of endometrial cancer cases and 20% of ovarian cancer cases being caused by germline pathogenic variants. Hereditary breast and ovarian cancer syndrome and Lynch syndrome are the two major cancer susceptibility syndromes among gynecological cancers. In addition, several other hereditary syndromes have been reported to be associated with gynecological cancers. In this review, we highlight the genes for somatic mutation and germline pathogenic variants commonly seen in gynecological cancers. We first describe the relationship between clinicopathological attributes and somatic mutated genes. Subsequently, we discuss the characteristics and clinical management of inherited cancer syndromes resulting from pathogenic germline variants in gynecological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Watanabe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shu Soeda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Chihiro Okoshi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Toma Fukuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shun Yasuda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Keiya Fujimori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan
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4
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Kusakabe M, Taguchi A, Tanikawa M, Hoshi D, Tsuchimochi S, Qian X, Toyohara Y, Kawata A, Wagatsuma R, Yamaguchi K, Yamamoto Y, Ikemura M, Sone K, Mori-Uchino M, Matsunaga H, Tsuruga T, Nagamatsu T, Kukimoto I, Wada-Hiraike O, Kawazu M, Ushiku T, Takeyama H, Oda K, Kawana K, Hippo Y, Osuga Y. Application of organoid culture from HPV18-positive small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix for precision medicine. Cancer Med 2023; 12:8476-8489. [PMID: 36691316 PMCID: PMC10134306 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix (SCCC) is a rare and highly malignant human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated cancer in which human genes related to the integration site can serve as a target for precision medicine. The aim of our study was to establish a workflow for precision medicine of HPV-associated cancer using patient-derived organoid. METHODS Organoid was established from the biopsy of a patient diagnosed with HPV18-positive SCCC. Therapeutic targets were identified by whole exome sequencing (WES) and RNA-seq analysis. Drug sensitivity testing was performed using organoids and organoid-derived mouse xenograft model. RESULTS WES revealed that both the original tumor and organoid had 19 somatic variants in common, including the KRAS p.G12D pathogenic variant. Meanwhile, RNA-seq revealed that HPV18 was integrated into chromosome 8 at 8q24.21 with increased expression of the proto-oncogene MYC. Drug sensitivity testing revealed that a KRAS pathway inhibitor exerted strong anti-cancer effects on the SCCC organoid compared to a MYC inhibitor, which were also confirmed in the xenograft model. CONCLUSION In this study, we confirmed two strategies for identifying therapeutic targets of HPV-derived SCCC, WES for identifying pathogenic variants and RNA sequencing for identifying HPV integration sites. Organoid culture is an effective tool for unveiling the oncogenic process of rare tumors and can be a breakthrough for the development of precision medicine for patients with HPV-positive SCCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misako Kusakabe
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ayumi Taguchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Michihiro Tanikawa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Daisuke Hoshi
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Saki Tsuchimochi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xi Qian
- Division of Integrative Genomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Toyohara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Kawata
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryota Wagatsuma
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.,CBBD-OIL, AIST-Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kohei Yamaguchi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Yamamoto
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masako Ikemura
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kenbun Sone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mayuyo Mori-Uchino
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Matsunaga
- Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsushi Tsuruga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagamatsu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Iwao Kukimoto
- Pathogen Genomics Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Wada-Hiraike
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahito Kawazu
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ushiku
- Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Haruko Takeyama
- Department of Life Science and Medical Bioscience, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.,CBBD-OIL, AIST-Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.,Research Organization for Nano and Life Innovation, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.,Institute for Advanced Research of Biosystem Dynamics, Waseda Research Institute for Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsutoshi Oda
- Division of Integrative Genomics, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kei Kawana
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Hippo
- Department of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yutaka Osuga
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
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5
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Campos-Parra AD, Pérez-Quintanilla M, Martínez-Gutierrez AD, Pérez-Montiel D, Coronel-Martínez J, Millan-Catalan O, De León DC, Pérez-Plasencia C. Molecular Differences between Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Adenocarcinoma Cervical Cancer Subtypes: Potential Prognostic Biomarkers. Curr Oncol 2022; 29:4689-4702. [PMID: 35877232 PMCID: PMC9322365 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol29070372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The most frequently diagnosed histological types of cervical cancer (CC) are squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adenocarcinoma (ADC). Clinically, the prognosis of both types is controversial. A molecular profile that distinguishes each histological subtype and predicts the prognosis would be of great benefit to CC patients. Methods: The transcriptome of CC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) was analyzed using the DESeq2 package to obtain the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ADC and SCC. The DEGs were validated on a publicly available Mexican-Mestizo patient transcriptome dataset (GSE56303). The global biological pathways involving the DEGs were obtained using the Webgestalt platform. The associations of the DEGs with Overall Survival (OS) were assessed. Finally, three DEGs were validated by RT-qPCR in an independent cohort of Mexican patients. Results. The molecular profiles of ADC and SCC of the CC patients of the TCGA database and the Mexican-Mestizo cohort (GSE56303) were determined obtaining 1768 and 88 DEGs, respectively. Strikingly, 70 genes were concordant—with similar Log2FoldChange values—in both cohorts. The 70 DEGs were involved in IL-17, JAK/STAT, and Ras signaling. Kaplan-Meier OS analysis from the Mexican-Mestizo cohort showed that higher GABRB2 and TSPAN8 and lower TMEM40 expression were associated with better OS. Similar results were found in an independent Mexican cohort. Conclusions: Molecular differences were detected between the ADC and SCC subtypes; however, further studies are required to define the appropriate prognostic biomarker for each histological type.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma D. Campos-Parra
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.D.C.-P.); (A.D.M.-G.); (O.M.-C.)
| | - Milagros Pérez-Quintanilla
- Unidad de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av San Fernando 22, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.P.-Q.); (J.C.-M.)
| | | | - Delia Pérez-Montiel
- Departamento de Patología, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City 14080, Mexico;
| | - Jaime Coronel-Martínez
- Unidad de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av San Fernando 22, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.P.-Q.); (J.C.-M.)
| | - Oliver Millan-Catalan
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.D.C.-P.); (A.D.M.-G.); (O.M.-C.)
| | - David Cantú De León
- Unidad de Investigaciones Biomédicas en Cancer, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Av San Fernando 22, Col. Sección XVI, Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (M.P.-Q.); (J.C.-M.)
- Correspondence: (D.C.D.L.); (C.P.-P.); Tel.: +52-55-56231333 (C.P.-P.)
| | - Carlos Pérez-Plasencia
- Laboratorio de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Cancerología (INCan), Mexico City 14080, Mexico; (A.D.C.-P.); (A.D.M.-G.); (O.M.-C.)
- Unidad de Biomedicina, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Tlalnepantla de Baz 54090, Mexico
- Correspondence: (D.C.D.L.); (C.P.-P.); Tel.: +52-55-56231333 (C.P.-P.)
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6
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Li L, Song Q, Cao D, Jiao Y, Yuan G, Song Y. Whole-Exome Sequencing Could Distinguish Primary Pulmonary Squamous Cell Carcinoma From Lung Metastases in Individuals With Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2022; 28:1610325. [PMID: 35645619 PMCID: PMC9130473 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2022.1610325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Aims: Metastatic cervical carcinoma is hard to cure using traditional treatment and new therapeutic approaches are needed. However, the process of clonal evolution and the molecular alterations that contribute to tumor progression from primary to metastatic carcinoma remain unclear. It is currently difficult to distinguish between the primary pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma (PPSCC) and metastatic cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). Methods: Paired primary CSCC and lung/lymph nodes metastatic lesions from eight patients were analyzed by whole-exome sequencing (WES). WES data of matched specimens and normal samples were aligned to the human reference genome and analyzed to identify somatic mutations in primary and metastatic lesions. Results: A total of 1,254 somatic variants were identified. All the primary lesions and metastatic lesions shared mutations, the percentage of shared mutations between primary lesions and corresponding metastatic lesions varied significantly, ranging from 6% to 70%. In other words, all the metastatic lesions are clonally related to primary lesions, confirming WES could prove they are metastatic from the cervix but not PPSCC. We tried to apply a gene panel to help distinguish PPSCC and metastatic CSCC but failed because the mutations were widely distributed in CSCC. Interestingly, lymph nodes metastasis (LNM) harbored fewer cancer driver mutations than primary CSCC specimens with a significant difference. Besides this, there was no significant difference in somatic mutations and copy number variation (CNV) between primary and metastatic CSCC. Conclusion: Our data demonstrate that WES is an additional helpful tool in distinguishing PPSCC and metastatic CSCC, especially for certain difficult cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Li
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qianqian Song
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
- Genetron Health (Beijing) Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Dandan Cao
- Genetron Health (Beijing) Co. Ltd., Beijing, China
| | - Yuchen Jiao
- State Key Lab of Molecular Oncology, Laboratory of Cell and Molecular Biology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Guangwen Yuan
- Department of Gynecology Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medvdical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Song
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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7
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Zhang L, Tan W, Yang H, Zhang S, Dai Y. Detection of Host Cell Gene/HPV DNA Methylation Markers: A Promising Triage Approach for Cervical Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:831949. [PMID: 35402283 PMCID: PMC8990922 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.831949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the most prevalent gynecologic malignancy, especially in women of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). With a better understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of cervical cancer, it has been well accepted that this type of cancer can be prevented and treated via early screening. Due to its higher sensitivity than cytology to identify precursor lesions of cervical cancer, detection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) DNA has been implemented as the primary screening approach. However, a high referral rate for colposcopy after HR-HPV DNA detection due to its low specificity in HR-HPV screening often leads to overtreatment and thus increases the healthcare burden. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that detection of host cell gene and/or HPV DNA methylation represents a promising approach for the early triage of cervical cancer in HR-HPV-positive women owing to its convenience and comparable performance to cytology, particularly in LMICs with limited healthcare resources. While numerous potential markers involving DNA methylation of host cell genes and the HPV genome have been identified thus far, it is crucial to define which genes or panels involving host and/or HPV are feasible and appropriate for large-scale screening and triage. An ideal approach for screening and triage of CIN/ICC requires high sensitivity and adequate specificity and is suitable for self-sampling and inexpensive to allow population-based screening, particularly in LMICs. In this review, we summarize the markers of host cell gene/HR-HPV DNA methylation and discuss their triage performance and feasibility for high-grade precancerous cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or worse (CIN2+ and CIN3+) in HR-HPV-positive women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyi Zhang
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenxi Tan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongmei Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Songling Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yun Dai
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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8
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Harkenrider MM, Markham MJ, Dizon DS, Jhingran A, Salani R, Serour RK, Lynn J, Kohn EC. Moving Forward in Cervical Cancer: Enhancing Susceptibility to DNA Repair Inhibition and Damage, an NCI Clinical Trials Planning Meeting Report. J Natl Cancer Inst 2021; 112:1081-1088. [PMID: 32219419 DOI: 10.1093/jnci/djaa041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women worldwide, and prognosis is poor for those who experience recurrence or develop metastatic disease, in part due to the lack of active therapeutic directions. The National Cancer Institute convened a Cervical Cancer Clinical Trials Planning Meeting in October 2018 to facilitate the design of hypothesis-driven clinical trials focusing on locally advanced, metastatic, and recurrent cervical cancer around the theme of enhancing susceptibility to DNA repair inhibition and DNA damage. Before the meeting, a group of experts in the field summarized available preclinical and clinical data to identify potentially active inducers and inhibitors of DNA. The goals of the Clinical Trials Planning Meeting focused on identification of novel experimental strategies capitalizing on DNA damage and repair (DDR) regulators and cell cycle aberrations, optimization of radiotherapy as a DDR agent, and design of clinical trials incorporating DDR regulation into the primary and recurrent or metastatic therapies for cervical carcinoma. Meeting deliverables were novel clinical trial concepts to move into the National Clinical Trials Network. This report provides an overview for the rationale of this meeting and the state of the science related to DDR regulation in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M Harkenrider
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Merry Jennifer Markham
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Don S Dizon
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Anuja Jhingran
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ritu Salani
- The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH, USA
| | | | - Jean Lynn
- Coordinating Center for Clinical Trials, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elise C Kohn
- Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA
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9
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Shiba S, Oike T, Ando K, Yoshimoto Y, Takayama Y, Ohno T. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor-producing uterine cervical cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy: A case report with mutation analysis and literature review. Clin Case Rep 2021; 9:185-192. [PMID: 33489157 PMCID: PMC7812995 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.3495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor-producing uterine cervical cancer is a rare aggressive disease, which may be genetically distinct from other uterine cervical cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shintaro Shiba
- Department of Radiation OncologyGunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
- Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical CenterMaebashiJapan
| | - Takahiro Oike
- Department of Radiation OncologyGunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
- Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical CenterMaebashiJapan
| | - Ken Ando
- Department of Radiation OncologyGunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
| | - Yuya Yoshimoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, School of MedicineFukushima Medical UniversityHikarigaokaJapan
| | | | - Tatsuya Ohno
- Department of Radiation OncologyGunma University Graduate School of MedicineMaebashiJapan
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10
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Hennani S, Dehbi H, Nadifi S, Karkouri M. BRAF G469A, BRAF L597V, FGFR1 N546K, FGFR1 K656E and P53 R273H mutations: How are they distributed in Moroccan patients with pediatric Low-Grade Gliomas? GENE REPORTS 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2020.100885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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11
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Zhao C, Liu J, Wu H, Hu J, Chen J, Chen J, Qiao F. Aberrant methylation-mediated downregulation of lncRNA CCND2 AS1 promotes cell proliferation in cervical cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 27:11. [PMID: 32607313 PMCID: PMC7318366 DOI: 10.1186/s40709-020-00122-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) plays an important role in tumorigenesis. The lncRNA CCND2 AS1 has been shown to be involved in the growth of several tumors; however, its role in cervical cancer has not been elucidated. This study aimed to explore the expression, function, and underlying mechanism of action of CCND2 AS1 in cervical cancer. Expression of CCND2 AS1 was examined in cervical cancer and adjacent normal cervical tissues by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and by bioinformatic analysis of data from the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) database. The function of CCND2 AS1 was investigated by overexpressing or silencing CCND2 AS1 in HeLa and SiHa cervical cancer cells followed by in vitro and in vivo analyses. Methylation-specific PCR (MSP) and bisulfite genomic sequencing (BGS) were used to detect CCND2 AS1 promoter methylation status in cervical cancer cells. Results CCND2 AS1 expression was lower in cervical cancer compared with normal cervical tissues, and the level was significantly correlated with the patient age and tumor size. CCND2 AS1 overexpression inhibited the proliferation and cell cycle progression of HeLa cells in vitro and/or in vivo, whereas CCND2 AS1 silencing had the opposite effects. CCND2 AS1 expression was elevated after treatment of cervical cancer cells with the DNA methyltransferase inhibitor 5′-azacytidine (5′-Aza), and this was mediated, at least in part, via reduced CpG methylation at the CCND2 AS1 promoter. Conclusion CCND2 AS1 expression is downregulated in cervical cancer, potentially through increased CCND2 AS1 promoter methylation, and the upregulation of CCND2 AS1 expression inhibited tumor growth. These data suggest that CCND2 AS1 could be a diagnostic marker and potential therapeutic target for cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengcheng Zhao
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China.,Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jian Liu
- Department of Oncology Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Huazhang Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
| | - Jiaojiao Hu
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianquan Chen
- Central Laboratory, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Fengchang Qiao
- Women's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, China
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12
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Yang S, Wu Y, Wang S, Xu P, Deng Y, Wang M, Liu K, Tian T, Zhu Y, Li N, Zhou L, Dai Z, Kang H. HPV-related methylation-based reclassification and risk stratification of cervical cancer. Mol Oncol 2020; 14:2124-2141. [PMID: 32408396 PMCID: PMC7463306 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.12709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a clear etiology of cervical cancer (CC). However, the associations between HPV infection and DNA methylation have not been thoroughly investigated. Additionally, it remains unknown whether HPV‐related methylation signatures can identify subtypes of CC and stratify the prognosis of CC patients. DNA methylation profiles were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas to identify HPV‐related methylation sites. Unsupervised clustering analysis of HPV‐related methylation sites was performed to determine the different CC subtypes. CC patients were categorized into cluster 1 (Methylation‐H), cluster 2 (Methylation‐M), and cluster 3 (Methylation‐L). Compared to Methylation‐M and Methylation‐L, Methylation‐H exhibited a significantly improved overall survival (OS). Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was conducted to investigate the functions that correlated with different CC subtypes. GSEA indicated that the hallmarks of tumors, including KRAS signaling, TNFα signaling via NF‐κB, inflammatory response, epithelial–mesenchymal transition, and interferon‐gamma response, were enriched in Methylation‐M and Methylation‐L. Based on mutation and copy number variation analyses, we found that aberrant mutations, amplifications, and deletions among the MYC, Notch, PI3K‐AKT, and RTK‐RAS pathways were most frequently detected in Methylation‐H. Additionally, mutations, amplifications, and deletions within the Hippo, PI3K‐AKT, and TGF‐β pathways were presented in Methylation‐M. Genes within the cell cycle, Notch, and Hippo pathways possessed aberrant mutations, amplifications, and deletions in Methylation‐L. Moreover, the analysis of tumor microenvironments revealed that Methylation‐H was characterized by a relatively low degree of immune cell infiltration. Finally, a prognostic signature based on six HPV‐related methylation sites was developed and validated. Our study revealed that CC patients could be classified into three heterogeneous clusters based on HPV‐related methylation signatures. Additionally, we derived a prognostic signature using six HPV‐related methylation sites that stratified the OS of patients with CC into high‐ and low‐risk groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuqian Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujiao Deng
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Kang Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Tian Tian
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuyao Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Linghui Zhou
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhijun Dai
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huafeng Kang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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13
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Wen Y, Zhang S, Yang J, Guo D. Identification of driver genes regulating immune cell infiltration in cervical cancer by multiple omics integration. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 120:109546. [PMID: 31675687 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer (CC) is one of the most common cancers in women. However, copy number alteration (CNA)-driven dysregulated genes and their functions in CC are still rarely investigated. In the present study, we conducted integrative analysis of CNA and gene expression data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cervical cancer to identify dysregulated genes triggered by CNAs. The integration of copy number status and RNA expression revealed 763 amplified and 1,391 deleted genes significantly dysregulated by the CNAs (P-value < 1e-8). Among these CNA genes, five driver genes, including PI3KCA, PI3KCB, DVL3, WWTR1, and ERBB2, exhibited a strong association with immune cell infiltration, suggesting that the pathways that they participate in may be involved in regulating immune cell infiltration. Moreover, we also observed that the genes of immunotherapeutic targets were abundantly expressed in the wild-type samples, suggesting that immunotherapy based on these immunotherapeutic targets may be applied to wild-type samples. In addition, the two CNA driver genes, DVL3 and ERBB2, might be sensitive and resistant biomarkers for examining the tumor's response to chemoradiotherapy, respectively. Particularly, the expression of ERBB2 was also observed to be higher in responders of chemotherapy than non-responders. Furthermore, a subset of CNA genes was identified to predict the prognosis of cervical cancer. In summary, our systematic data analysis of these CNA genes not only improved our understanding of the veiled mechanism behind immune cell infiltration, but also provided the potential clinical application of these CNA genes in cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqi Wen
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China; Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Silin Zhang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China; Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medical Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China; Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Duanying Guo
- Longgang District People's Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.
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14
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Cha Y, Kim SY, Yeo HY, Baek JY, Choi MK, Jung KH, Dong SM, Chang HJ. Association of CHFR Promoter Methylation with Treatment Outcomes of Irinotecan-Based Chemotherapy in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer. Neoplasia 2018; 21:146-155. [PMID: 30562637 PMCID: PMC6297269 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant promoter methylation plays a vital role in colorectal carcinogenesis. However, its role in treatment responses is unclear, especially for metastatic disease. Here, we investigated the association between promoter methylation and treatment outcomes of irinotecan-based chemotherapy in 102 patients with metastatic colorectal cancer. Promoter methylation was examined by methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction for three loci (CHFR, WRN, and SULF2) associated with chemotherapy response and five CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP)–specific markers (CACNA1G, IGF2, NEUROG1, RUNX3, and SOCS1). Association between CHFR methylation and in vitro sensitivity to irinotecan was also evaluated. Promoter methylation of CHFR, WRN, and SULF2 was identified in 16 (15.7%), 24 (23.5%), and 33 (32.4%) patients, respectively. CIMP status was positive in 22 (21.6%) patients. CHFR methylation was associated with a significantly longer time to progression (TTP) (median: 8.77 vs. 4.43 months, P = .019), with trends favoring higher overall survival (OS) (median: 22.83 vs. 20.17 months, P = .300) and response rates (31.3% vs. 17.4%, P = .300). For patients with unmethylated CHFR, TTP (median: 5.60 vs. 3.53, P = .020) and OS (median: 20.57 vs. 9.23, P = .006) were significantly different according to CIMP status. Colorectal cancer cell lines with CHFR methylation demonstrated increased sensitivity to irinotecan. Both CHFR overexpression and combination with 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine reversed irinotecan sensitivity in CHFR-methylated cell lines, whereas CHFR knockdown in unmethylated cells restored sensitivity to irinotecan. These data suggest that CHFR methylation may be associated with favorable treatment outcomes of irinotecan-based chemotherapy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjun Cha
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Precision Medicine Branch, Division of Precision Medicine, Research Institute of National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Sun Young Kim
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Hyun Yang Yeo
- Precision Medicine Branch, Division of Precision Medicine, Research Institute of National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Baek
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Translational Research Branch, Division of Translational Science, Research Institute of National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Moon Ki Choi
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Kyung Hae Jung
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Seung Myung Dong
- Molecular Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Research Institute of National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
| | - Hee Jin Chang
- Center for Colorectal Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea; Precision Medicine Branch, Division of Precision Medicine, Research Institute of National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea.
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15
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Nuryadi E, Sasaki Y, Hagiwara Y, Permata TBM, Sato H, Komatsu S, Yoshimoto Y, Murata K, Ando K, Kubo N, Okonogi N, Takakusagi Y, Adachi A, Iwanaga M, Tsuchida K, Tamaki T, Noda SE, Hirota Y, Shibata A, Ohno T, Tokino T, Oike T, Nakano T. Mutational analysis of uterine cervical cancer that survived multiple rounds of radiotherapy. Oncotarget 2018; 9:32642-32652. [PMID: 30220971 PMCID: PMC6135691 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy is an essential component of cancer therapy. Despite advances in cancer genomics, the mutation signatures of radioresistant tumors have not yet been fully elucidated. To address this issue, we analyzed a unique set of clinical specimens from a uterine cervical cancer that repeatedly locally recurred after multiple rounds of radiotherapy. Exon sequencing of 409 cancer-related genes in the treatment-naïve tumor and the tumors that recurred after initial and secondary radiotherapy identified (i) activating mutations in PIK3CA and KRAS, and putative inactivating mutations in SMAD4, as trunk mutation signatures that persisted over the clinical course; and (ii) mutations in KMT2A, TET1, and NLRP1 as acquired mutation signatures observed only in recurrent tumors after radiotherapy. Comprehensive mining of published in vitro genomics data pertaining to radiosensitivity revealed that simultaneous mutations in KRAS and SMAD4, which have not been described previously in uterine cervical cancer, are associated with cancer cell radioresistance. The association between this mutation signature and radioresistance was validated by isogenic cell-based experiments. These results provide proof-of-principle for the analytical pipeline employed in this study, which explores clinically relevant mutation signatures for radioresistance, and demonstrate that this approach is worth pursuing with larger cohorts in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Endang Nuryadi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan.,Department of Radiotherapy, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Yasushi Sasaki
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiko Hagiwara
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Tiara Bunga Mayang Permata
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan.,Department of Radiotherapy, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Hiro Sato
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Shuichiro Komatsu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yuya Yoshimoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kazutoshi Murata
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Ken Ando
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Nobuteru Kubo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Okonogi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yosuke Takakusagi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Akiko Adachi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Mototaro Iwanaga
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tsuchida
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Tamaki
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Shin-Ei Noda
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yuka Hirota
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shibata
- Education and Research Support Center, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Ohno
- Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, Gunma, Japan
| | - Takashi Tokino
- Department of Medical Genome Sciences, Research Institute for Frontier Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takahiro Oike
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan
| | - Takashi Nakano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma, Japan.,Gunma University Heavy Ion Medical Center, Gunma, Japan
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16
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Laengsri V, Kerdpin U, Plabplueng C, Treeratanapiboon L, Nuchnoi P. Cervical Cancer Markers: Epigenetics and microRNAs. Lab Med 2018; 49:97-111. [DOI: 10.1093/labmed/lmx080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vishuda Laengsri
- Center for Research & Innovation, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Usanee Kerdpin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Chotiros Plabplueng
- Center for Research & Innovation, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Lertyot Treeratanapiboon
- Department of Community Medical Technology, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pornlada Nuchnoi
- Center for Research & Innovation, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Clinical Microscopy, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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17
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RASSF1A promoter methylation was associated with the development, progression and metastasis of cervical carcinoma: a meta-analysis with trial sequential analysis. Arch Gynecol Obstet 2017; 297:467-477. [PMID: 29288321 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-017-4639-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND RASSF1A promoter methylation has been reported in cervical cancer. However, clinical effect of RASSF1A promoter methylation in cervical cancer remains unclear. This meta-analysis was conducted to assess the correlation between RASSF1A promoter methylation and cervical cancer and the association of RASSF1A promoter methylation with clinicopathological features. METHODS Electronic databases were searched to identify eligible publications. The pooled odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) was performed to assess the required study population information. RESULTS Twenty-six papers published from 2001 to 2017 were analyzed in the meta-analysis, including a total of 1820 patients with cervical cancer, 507 patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions and 894 nonmalignant controls. RASSF1A promoter methylation was significantly increased in cervical cancer than in CIN lesions and nonmalignant tissue samples. In addition, RASSF1A promoter methylation was correlated with cervical cancer among two studies of blood and cytology samples (cancer vs nonmalignant controls). No correlation was found between RASSF1A promoter methylation and age factor, human papillomavirus (HPV) subtypes or clinical stage. RASSF1A promoter methylation was associated with tumor grade (grade 3-4 vs 1-2: OR 2.31, 95% CI 1.12-4.77, P = 0.023), lymph node metastasis (yes vs no: OR 2.97, 95% CI 1.60-5.52, P = 0.001), tumor histology (squamous cell carcinoma vs adenocarcinoma: OR 0.49, 95% CI 0.22-1.08, P = 0.076), and HPV infection (positive vs negative: OR 0.45, 95% CI 0.28-0.73, P = 0.001). TSA showed that the cumulative Z-curve did not cross the trial sequential monitoring boundary for significant results. CONCLUSIONS RASSF1A promoter methylation may be associated with cervical cancer development, progression and metastasis. Methylated RASSF1A may be a noninvasive blood or cytology biomarker. Based on TSA, more studies are essential in the future.
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18
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Litwin TR, Clarke MA, Dean M, Wentzensen N. Somatic Host Cell Alterations in HPV Carcinogenesis. Viruses 2017; 9:v9080206. [PMID: 28771191 PMCID: PMC5580463 DOI: 10.3390/v9080206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papilloma virus (HPV) infections cause cancers in different organ sites, most commonly cervical and head and neck cancers. While carcinogenesis is initiated by two viral oncoproteins, E6 and E7, increasing evidence shows the importance of specific somatic events in host cells for malignant transformation. HPV-driven cancers share characteristic somatic changes, including apolipoprotein B mRNA editing catalytic polypeptide-like (APOBEC)-driven mutations and genomic instability leading to copy number variations and large chromosomal rearrangements. HPV-associated cancers have recurrent somatic mutations in phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha (PIK3CA) and phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), human leukocyte antigen A and B (HLA-A and HLA-B)-A/B, and the transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ) pathway, and rarely have mutations in the tumor protein p53 (TP53) and RB transcriptional corepressor 1 (RB1) tumor suppressor genes. There are some variations by tumor site, such as NOTCH1 mutations which are primarily found in head and neck cancers. Understanding the somatic events following HPV infection and persistence can aid the development of early detection biomarkers, particularly when mutations in precancers are characterized. Somatic mutations may also influence prognosis and treatment decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara R Litwin
- Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
| | - Megan A Clarke
- Cancer Prevention Fellowship Program, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
| | - Michael Dean
- Laboratory of Translational Genomics, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Gaithersburg, MD 20850, USA.
| | - Nicolas Wentzensen
- Clinical Genetics Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
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19
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DNA Oncogenic Virus-Induced Oxidative Stress, Genomic Damage, and Aberrant Epigenetic Alterations. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:3179421. [PMID: 28740569 PMCID: PMC5504953 DOI: 10.1155/2017/3179421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 05/01/2017] [Accepted: 05/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 20% of human cancers is attributable to DNA oncogenic viruses such as human papillomavirus (HPV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). Unrepaired DNA damage is the most common and overlapping feature of these DNA oncogenic viruses and a source of genomic instability and tumour development. Sustained DNA damage results from unceasing production of reactive oxygen species and activation of inflammasome cascades that trigger genomic changes and increased propensity of epigenetic alterations. Accumulation of epigenetic alterations may interfere with genome-wide cellular signalling machineries and promote malignant transformation leading to cancer development. Untangling and understanding the underlying mechanisms that promote these detrimental effects remain the major objectives for ongoing research and hope for effective virus-induced cancer therapy. Here, we review current literature with an emphasis on how DNA damage influences HPV, HVB, and EBV replication and epigenetic alterations that are associated with carcinogenesis.
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20
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Zou Y, Liu FY, Wu J, Wan L, Fang SF, Zhang ZY, Luo Y, Chen MH, Huang MZ, He M, Huang OP. Mutational analysis of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway in 260 Han Chinese patients with cervical carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2017; 14:2427-2431. [PMID: 28781678 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Prevalent mutations in the mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (MAPK1)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2 (ERK2) pathway have been identified in cervical squamous cell carcinoma in a large-scale genome sequencing effort. Furthermore, mutations in the rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (RAS)/Raf/Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MEK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling pathway have also been revealed to have important roles in the pathogenesis of human cancer. However, whether the potential hotspot mutations in ERK2 and other components of the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway also exist in Chinese patients with cervical carcinoma remains to be elucidated. In the present study, a total of 260 patients with cervical carcinoma of distinct subtypes were analyzed for the presence of potential hotspot mutations in the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway. No ERK2 mutations were detected in these samples; however, Kirsten RAS (KRAS) p.G12D (c.35G>A) mutation was identified in 2/26 (7.7%) cervical adenocarcinoma cases, including 1/20 cervical mucinous adenocarcinoma and 1/6 cervical endometrioid carcinoma cases. In addition, no mutations in the ERK1, neuroblastoma RAS, Harvey RAS or B-Raf proto-oncogene serine/threonine kinase genes were detected in the present study. These results indicated that ethnic differences may be a primary reason for the discrepancy in ERK2 mutation frequencies between the current study and previous studies. Furthermore, mutation in the KRAS gene, but not other genes in the RAS/RAF/MEK/ERK signaling pathway, may have an active role in the pathogenesis of cervical carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.,Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Fa-Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.,Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.,Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Lei Wan
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Shu-Fen Fang
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.,Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Zi-Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Yong Luo
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.,Central Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Hong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.,Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Zhen Huang
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ming He
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Therapeutics, Nanchang University School of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanchang 330006, P.R. China
| | - Ou-Ping Huang
- Key Laboratory of Women's Reproductive Health of Jiangxi Province, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.,Department of Gynecology, Jiangxi Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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21
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Li RN, Li CY, Lee CH, Peng CY, Wu MT. Promoter methylation status of the tumor suppressor genes p16 and cadherin 1 in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:4397-4401. [PMID: 28599442 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the second most common female cancer worldwide. DNA methylation is one of a number of epigenetic regulation mechanisms leading to gene silencing in neoplastic cells. Aberrant methylation results in the silencing of tumor suppressor gene expression, and has been detected in a high percentage of human cancers. In the present study, the methylation status of three tumor suppressor genes, retinoic acid receptor β (RARβ), p16 and cadherin 1 (CDH1), and the inflammatory-associated cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene, was examined at distinct stages of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN). The results of the present study revealed that the COX-2 gene was unmethylated between CIN I and carcinoma specimens. The RARβ gene exhibited a minimal change in methylation frequency, whereas the CDH1 methylation level was increased <2-fold between CIN I and carcinoma. Notably, the methylation frequency of p16 was 13.2% in normal specimens; 18.2% in CIN I; 35.7% in CIN II; 31.6% in CIN III; and 15.4% in carcinoma. By contrast, the methylation frequency of p16 increased between CIN I and carcinoma in the absence of high-risk group papillomaviruses. The results of bisulfite sequencing indicated that the 10 CpG sites were all methylated in p16 gene methylation-positive individuals. The results of the present study demonstrate that the methylation frequency of p16 and CDH1 was progressively increased during the development of malignant stages in CIN, and may be an additional tool for current cytomorphology-based screening of cervical cell specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruei-Nian Li
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 100044, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chien-Yu Li
- Department of Biomedical Science and Environmental Biology, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 100044, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chien-Hung Lee
- Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 100044, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Chiung-Yu Peng
- Department of Public Health, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 100044, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Ming-Tsang Wu
- Graduate Institute of Occupational Safety and Health and Research Center of Excellence for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 100044, Taiwan, R.O.C.,Department of Family Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 100044, Taiwan, R.O.C
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22
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EGFR Promoter Methylation, EGFR Mutation, and HPV Infection in Chinese Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2016; 23:661-6. [PMID: 25789535 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Therapy strategy toward epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibition in cervical cancer has been ongoing. EGFR promoter methylation status and EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor-sensitive mutations in cervical cancer may be significant for clinical outcome prediction using anti-EGFR treatment. In this study, EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor-sensitive mutations, EGFR exons 18, 19, and 21 mutations, were detected by sequencing in a total of 293 Chinese cervical squamous cell carcinoma tissue samples. EGFR promoter methylation status was detected by an EGFR asymmetric PCR and hybridization-fluorescence polarization assay and sequencing in 293 Chinese cervical squamous cell carcinoma tissue samples. High-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in 293 Chinese cervical squamous cell carcinoma tissue samples were detected by an asymmetric GP5+/6+ PCR and hybridization-fluorescence polarization assay. No EGFR exons 18, 19, and 21 mutations were detected, EGFR promoter methylation status was identified in 98 samples, and HPV 16 infection was the first frequent HPV genotype. The methylated EGFR promoter was identified most frequently in cervical squamous cell carcinoma samples with HPV 16 infection (53.4%). Statistical significant difference of EGFR promoter methylation prevalence was found between HPV 16 and other HPV genotypes (P<0.01). This study suggested that there was no EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor-sensitive mutation in EGFR exons 18, 19, and 21 in Chinese cervical squamous cell carcinoma tissue samples. EGFR promoter methylation was common and it might be associated with HPV 16 infection in Chinese cervical squamous cell carcinoma. The results provided a novel understanding and an applicable pharmacogenomic tool for individualized management of cervical cancer patients.
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23
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Comprehensive analysis of targetable oncogenic mutations in chinese cervical cancers. Oncotarget 2016; 6:4968-75. [PMID: 25669975 PMCID: PMC4467127 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2014] [Accepted: 12/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in 16 targetable oncogenic genes were examined using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and direct sequencing in 285 Chinese cervical cancers. Their clinicopathological relevance and prognostic significance was assessed. Ninety-two nonsynonymous somatic mutations were identified in 29.8% of the cancers. The mutation rates were as follows: PIK3CA (12.3%), KRAS (5.3%), HER2 (4.2%), FGFR3-TACC3 fusions (3.9%), PTEN (2.8%), FGFR2 (1.8%), FGFR3 (0.7%), NRAS (0.7%), HRAS (0.4%) and EGFR (0.4%). No mutations were detected in AKT1 or BRAF, and the fusions FGFR1-TACC1, EML4-ALK, CCDC6-RET and KIF5B-RET were not found in any of the cancers. RTK and RAS mutations were more common in non-squamous carcinomas than in squamous carcinomas (P=0.043 and P=0.042, respectively). RAS mutations were more common in young patients (<45 years) (13.7% vs. 7.7%, P=0.027). RTK mutations tended to be more common in young patients, whereas PIK3CA/PTEN/AKT mutations tended to be more common in old patients. RAS mutations were significantly associated with disease relapse. To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive analysis of major targetable oncogenic mutations in a large cohort of cervical cancer cases. Our data reveal that a considerable proportion of patients with cervical cancers harbor known druggable mutations and might benefit from targeted therapy.
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24
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Menderes G, Black J, Schwab CL, Santin AD. Immunotherapy and targeted therapy for cervical cancer: an update. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2015; 16:83-98. [PMID: 26568261 DOI: 10.1586/14737140.2016.1121108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The prognosis of patients with metastatic cervical cancer is poor with a median survival of 8-13 months. Despite the potency of chemotherapeutic drugs, this treatment is rarely curative and should be considered palliative only. In the last few years, a better understanding of Human papillomavirus tumor-host immune system interactions and the development of new therapeutics targeting immune check points have renewed interest in the use of immunotherapy in cervical cancer patients. Moreover, next generation sequencing has emerged as an attractive option for the identification of actionable driver mutations and other markers. In this review, we provide background information on the molecular biology of cervical cancer and summarize immunotherapy studies, targeted therapies, including those with angiogenesis inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors recently completed or currently on-going in cervical cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulden Menderes
- a Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Jonathan Black
- a Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Carlton L Schwab
- a Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
| | - Alessandro D Santin
- a Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences , Yale University School of Medicine , New Haven , CT , USA
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25
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Liang Y, Sun R, Li L, Yuan F, Liang W, Wang L, Nie X, Chen P, Zhang L, Gao L. A Functional Polymorphism in the Promoter of MiR-143/145 Is Associated With the Risk of Cervical Squamous Cell Carcinoma in Chinese Women: A Case-Control Study. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1289. [PMID: 26252302 PMCID: PMC4616598 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
MiR-143/145 is down-regulated in cervical cancer, which may serve as a tumor suppressor by targeting KRAS and Ras-responsive element-binding protein (RREB1). Activated KRAS leads to down-regulation of miR-143/145 transcription in a RREB1-dependent manner, establishing a miR-143/145-KRAS-RREB1 feedback loop. A polymorphism rs4705343C/T in the promoter of miR-143/145 might influence the binding of TATA-binding protein. We hypothesized that the miR-143/145 rs4705343 and KRAS rs712 may be related to the occurrence of cervical squamous cell carcinoma (CSCC). In this study, we genotyped the 2 polymorphisms in 415 patients with CSCC and 504 controls using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. The promoter activities were measured by the Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay System. We found that the rs4705343TC genotype was associated with an increased risk of CSCC (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.37; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-1.80). The significantly increased association was also observed in a dominant genetic model (adjusted OR = 1.32; 95% CI, 1.01-1.72). Combined analysis showed that individuals carrying the genotypes of rs4705343 TC/CC and rs712GT/TT had a 1.47-fold increased risk of CSCC (adjusted OR = 1.47; 95% CI, 1.01-2.15). By using multifactor dimensionality reduction software method, we identified a significant interaction between the miR-143/145 rs4705343 and KRAS rs712. Dual-Luciferase Reporter Assay showed that the luciferase activity was significantly lower in cells transfected with the rs4705343C allele than that of the rs4705343T allele. These findings indicate that miR-143/145 rs4705343 and KRAS rs712 may contribute to the etiology of CSCC in Chinese women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yundan Liang
- From the Laboratory of Molecular and Translational Medicine, West China Institute of Women and Children's Health, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China (YL, RS, LL, FY, XN, LZ, LG); Key Laboratory of Obstetric and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China (YL, RS, LL, FY, XN, LZ, LG); Central Laboratory, Yunnan University of Chinese Traditional Medicine, Kunming, Yunnan, P.R. China (RS); and Department of Forensic Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P.R. China (LW, PC, LZ)
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26
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Blanco-Luquin I, Guarch R, Ojer A, Pérez-Janices N, Martín-Sánchez E, Maria-Ruiz S, Monreal-Santesteban I, Blanco-Fernandez L, Pernaut-Leza E, Escors D, Guerrero-Setas D. Differential role of gene hypermethylation in adenocarcinomas, squamous cell carcinomas and cervical intraepithelial lesions of the uterine cervix. Pathol Int 2015. [PMID: 26222671 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer in women worldwide. The hypermethylation of P16, TSLC-1 and TSP-1 genes was analyzed in squamous cell carcinomas (SCC), cervical intraepithelial lesions (CIN) and adenocarcinomas (ADC) of the uterine cervix (total 181 lesions). Additionally human papillomavirus (HPV) type, EPB41L3, RASSF1 and RASSF2 hypermethylation were tested in ADC and the results were compared with those obtained previously by our group in SCC. P16, TSLC-1 and TSP-1 hypermethylation was more frequent in SCCs than in CINs. These percentages and the corresponding ones for EPB41L3, RASSF1 and RASSF2 genes were also higher in SCCs than in ADCs, except for P16. The presence of HPV in ADCs was lower than reported previously in SCC and CIN. Patients with RASSF1A hypermethylation showed significantly longer disease-free survival (P = 0.015) and overall survival periods (P = 0.009) in ADC patients. To our knowledge, this is the first description of the EPB41L3 and RASSF2 hypermethylation in ADCs. These results suggest that the involvement of DNA hypermethylation in cervical cancer varies depending on the histological type, which might contribute to explaining the different prognosis of patients with these types of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Idoia Blanco-Luquin
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Navarrabiomed-Fundación Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.,Cancer Immunomodulation Group, Navarrabiomed-Fundación Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.,Division of Infection and Immunity, Rayne Institute, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Rosa Guarch
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Navarrabiomed-Fundación Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.,Department of Pathology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Navarra Health Service, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Amaya Ojer
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Navarrabiomed-Fundación Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Noemí Pérez-Janices
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Navarrabiomed-Fundación Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.,Division of Infection and Immunity, Rayne Institute, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Esperanza Martín-Sánchez
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Navarrabiomed-Fundación Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Sergio Maria-Ruiz
- Department of Pathology, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Navarra Health Service, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Iñaki Monreal-Santesteban
- Genomics Unit, Navarrabiomed-Fundación Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Laura Blanco-Fernandez
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Navarrabiomed-Fundación Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - Eduardo Pernaut-Leza
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Navarrabiomed-Fundación Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
| | - David Escors
- Cancer Immunomodulation Group, Navarrabiomed-Fundación Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.,Division of Infection and Immunity, Rayne Institute, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - David Guerrero-Setas
- Cancer Epigenetics Group, Navarrabiomed-Fundación Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain.,Genomics Unit, Navarrabiomed-Fundación Miguel Servet, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias de Navarra-IdiSNA, Pamplona, Spain
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27
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Lee MS, Jeong MH, Lee HW, Han HJ, Ko A, Hewitt SM, Kim JH, Chun KH, Chung JY, Lee C, Cho H, Song J. PI3K/AKT activation induces PTEN ubiquitination and destabilization accelerating tumourigenesis. Nat Commun 2015; 6:7769. [PMID: 26183061 PMCID: PMC4518267 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms8769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The activity of the phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) is known to be suppressed via post-translational modification. However, the mechanism and physiological significance by which post-translational modifications lead to PTEN suppression remain unclear. Here we demonstrate that PTEN destabilization is induced by EGFR- or oncogenic PI3K mutation-mediated AKT activation in cervical cancer. EGFR/PI3K/AKT-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of PTEN are dependent on the MKRN1 E3 ligase. These processes require the stabilization of MKRN1 via AKT-mediated phosphorylation. In cervical cancer patients with high levels of pAKT and MKRN1 expression, PTEN protein levels are low and correlate with a low 5-year survival rate. Taken together, our results demonstrate that PI3K/AKT signals enforce positive-feedback regulation by suppressing PTEN function. Mutations and post-translational modifications of the PI3K/AKT pathway inhibitor PTEN are a feature of many cancers, but these have not been associated with cervical cancer. Here, the authors identify a PI3K/AKT-mediated ubiquitination degradation pathway of PTEN that occurs in patients with cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Sik Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Man-Hyung Jeong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Woo Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ji Han
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Aram Ko
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Stephen M Hewitt
- Experimental Pathology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH MSC 1500, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Jae-Hoon Kim
- 1] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 135-720, Republic of Korea [2] Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Chun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon-Yong Chung
- Experimental Pathology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, NIH MSC 1500, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA
| | - Cheolju Lee
- BRI, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 136-791, Korea
| | - Hanbyoul Cho
- 1] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 135-720, Republic of Korea [2] Institute of Women's Life Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewhan Song
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 120-749, Republic of Korea
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28
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Muller E, Brault B, Holmes A, Legros A, Jeannot E, Campitelli M, Rousselin A, Goardon N, Frébourg T, Krieger S, Crouet H, Nicolas A, Sastre X, Vaur D, Castéra L. Genetic profiles of cervical tumors by high-throughput sequencing for personalized medical care. Cancer Med 2015; 4:1484-93. [PMID: 26155992 PMCID: PMC4618619 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 06/02/2015] [Accepted: 06/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment is facing major evolution since the advent of targeted therapies. Building genetic profiles could predict sensitivity or resistance to these therapies and highlight disease-specific abnormalities, supporting personalized patient care. In the context of biomedical research and clinical diagnosis, our laboratory has developed an oncogenic panel comprised of 226 genes and a dedicated bioinformatic pipeline to explore somatic mutations in cervical carcinomas, using high-throughput sequencing. Twenty-nine tumors were sequenced for exons within 226 genes. The automated pipeline used includes a database and a filtration system dedicated to identifying mutations of interest and excluding false positive and germline mutations. One-hundred and seventy-six total mutational events were found among the 29 tumors. Our cervical tumor mutational landscape shows that most mutations are found in PIK3CA (E545K, E542K) and KRAS (G12D, G13D) and others in FBXW7 (R465C, R505G, R479Q). Mutations have also been found in ALK (V1149L, A1266T) and EGFR (T259M). These results showed that 48% of patients display at least one deleterious mutation in genes that have been already targeted by the Food and Drug Administration approved therapies. Considering deleterious mutations, 59% of patients could be eligible for clinical trials. Sequencing hundreds of genes in a clinical context has become feasible, in terms of time and cost. In the near future, such an analysis could be a part of a battery of examinations along the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, helping to detect sensitivity or resistance to targeted therapies and allow advancements towards personalized oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etienne Muller
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCC François Baclesse, Caen, France.,Inserm U1079, Rouen, France
| | - Baptiste Brault
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCC François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Allyson Holmes
- Recombination and Genetic Instability, UMR 3244, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Angelina Legros
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCC François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | | | | | - Antoine Rousselin
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCC François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Nicolas Goardon
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCC François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Thierry Frébourg
- Inserm U1079, Rouen, France.,Department of Genetics, University Hospital, Rouen, France
| | - Sophie Krieger
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCC François Baclesse, Caen, France.,Inserm U1079, Rouen, France.,Caen University, Caen, France
| | - Hubert Crouet
- Gynecology Oncology Department, CCC François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - Alain Nicolas
- Recombination and Genetic Instability, UMR 3244, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Xavier Sastre
- Biopathology Department, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Dominique Vaur
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCC François Baclesse, Caen, France.,Inserm U1079, Rouen, France
| | - Laurent Castéra
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, CCC François Baclesse, Caen, France.,Inserm U1079, Rouen, France
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29
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Genetic alterations of PIK3CA and tumor response in patients with locally advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma treated with cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy. Exp Mol Pathol 2015; 98:407-10. [PMID: 25773678 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2015.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2015] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the predictive value of common genetic alterations of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and Ras/Raf/MAPK pathways in patients with locally advanced cervical squamous cell carcinoma (LACSCC) treated with cisplatin-based concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). METHODS Patients with LACSCC, treated at a single institution with CCRT were eligible for this retrospective study. A total of sixty pre-treatment tumor biopsies were retrieved. Somatic mutations were detected by pyrosequencing and CNV was determined by quantitative realtime PCR. The association of genetic alterations with clinicopathological characteristics and treatment response were analyzed. RESULTS Patients without genetic alterations (mutations or amplification) of PIK3CA had a significantly higher response rate than patients with these alterations (p=0.006). In the logistic regression analysis, PIK3CA genetic alterations retained an independent factor in predicting response to CCRT. CONCLUSIONS Somatic mutations and copy number amplification of PIK3CA were associated with response to CCRT in patients with cervical squamous cell carcinoma.
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30
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Association of HPV with genetic and epigenetic alterations in colorectal adenocarcinoma from Indian population. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:4661-70. [PMID: 25647260 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3114-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 01/14/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies from developing countries have shown human papillomavirus to be associated with colorectal cancers, but the molecular characteristics of such cancers are poorly known. We studied the various genetic variations like microsatellite instability (MSI), oncogenic mutations and epigenetic deregulations like CpG island methylation in HPV associated and nonassociated colorectal cancer patients from Indian population. HPV DNA was detected by PCR using My09/My11 and Gp5+/Gp6+ consensus primers and typed using HPV16 and HPV18 specific primers. MSI was detected using BAT 25 and BAT 26 markers, and mutation of KRAS, TP53 and BRAF V600E were detected by direct sequencing. Methyl specific polymerase chain reaction (MSP) was used to determine promoter methylation of the classical CIMP panel markers (P16, hMLH1, MINT1, MINT2 and MINT31) and other tumour-related genes (DAPK, RASSF1, BRCA1 and GSTP1). HPV DNA was detected in 34/93 (36.5 %) colorectal tumour tissues, HPV 18 being the predominant high-risk type. MSI was detected in 7.5 % cases; KRAS codon 12, 13, BRAF V600E and TP53 mutations were detected in 36.5, 3.2 and 37.6 % of the cases, respectively. CIMP-high was observed in 44.08 % cases. HPV presence was not associated with age, stage or grade of tumours, MSI or mutations in KRAS, TP53 or BRAF genes. Higher methylation frequencies of all genes/loci under study except RASSF1, as well as significantly higher CIMP-high characteristics were observed in HPV positive tumours as compared to negative cases. HPV in association with genetic and epigenetic features might be a potent risk factor for colorectal cancer in Indian population.
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31
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Abstract
Cancer is a genetic and epigenetic disease. Multiple genetic and epigenetic changes have been studied in cervical cancer; however, such changes are selected for during tumorigenesis and tumor aggression is not yet clear. Cervical cancer is a multistep process with accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations in regulatory genes, leading to activation of oncogenes and inactivation or loss of tumor suppressor genes. In cervical cancer, epigenetic alterations can affect the expression of papillomaviral as well as host genes in relation to stages representing the multistep process of carcinogenesis.
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32
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The naturally born fusariotoxin enniatin B and sorafenib exert synergistic activity against cervical cancer in vitro and in vivo. Biochem Pharmacol 2014; 93:318-331. [PMID: 25557295 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2014.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
During the last decades substantial progress has been made in developing systemic cancer therapy. However, tumors are frequently intrinsically resistant against structurally and mechanistically unrelated drugs. Thus, it is of predominant interest to overcome drug resistance and to encourage the research for novel chemotherapeutic approaches. Recently, we have introduced enniatins, naturally occurring cyclohexadepsipeptides produced by filamentous fungi of the genus Fusarium, as potential anticancer drugs. Here, we expend this approach by demonstrating antiangiogenic properties for enniatin B (Enn B) indicated by a strong inhibition of human endothelial cell migration and tube formation. Moreover, combination of Enn B with the clinically approved multi-kinase inhibitor sorafenib (Sora) displayed profound synergistic in vitro and in vivo anticancer effects against cervical cancer. Subsequent studies showed that this strong synergism is accompanied by a marked increase in mitochondrial injury and apoptosis induction reflected by mitochondrial membrane depolarization, caspase-7 activation, and subsequent cleavage of PARP. Additionally, cells were shown to stop DNA synthesis and accumulate in S and G2/M phase of the cell cycle. The multifaceted characteristics underlying this strong synergism were suggested to be based on interference with the p38 MAPK as well as the ERK signaling pathways. Finally, also in vivo studies revealed that the combination treatment is distinctly superior to single drug treatments against the KB-3-1 cervix carcinoma xenograft model. Taken together, our data confirm the anticancer benefits of the naturally occurring fusariotoxin Enn B and further present Enn B/Sora as a novel combination strategy especially for the treatment of cervical cancer.
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Abstract
Doublet chemotherapy with cisplatin is the reference for the treatment of recurrent cervical cancer. However, those tumors are little chemo-sensitive and overall survival remains poor. Moreover, because of pelvic irradiation, toxicities, especially hematologic toxicities, are increased and require a drug dose reduction. Finally, these treatments are rarely effective in radiation areas. Given all these elements, the development of new therapies is a prominent issue. This article reviews the results of the major targeted therapies in cervical cancer. Anti-EGFRs are disappointing despite of a strong biological rational. On the other hand, bevacizumab is the first targeted therapy to show a significant increase of overall survival. A major effort must be made in translational research for a better understanding of tumor biology of these tumors.
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Furlan D, Sahnane N, Bernasconi B, Frattini M, Tibiletti MG, Molinari F, Marando A, Zhang L, Vanoli A, Casnedi S, Adsay V, Notohara K, Albarello L, Asioli S, Sessa F, Capella C, La Rosa S. APC alterations are frequently involved in the pathogenesis of acinar cell carcinoma of the pancreas, mainly through gene loss and promoter hypermethylation. Virchows Arch 2014; 464:553-64. [PMID: 24590585 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-014-1562-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Revised: 01/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Genetic and epigenetic alterations involved in the pathogenesis of pancreatic acinar cell carcinomas (ACCs) are poorly characterized, including the frequency and role of gene-specific hypermethylation, chromosome aberrations, and copy number alterations (CNAs). A subset of ACCs is known to show alterations in the APC/β-catenin pathway which includes mutations of APC gene. However, it is not known whether, in addition to mutation, loss of APC gene function can occur through alternative genetic and epigenetic mechanisms such as gene loss or promoter methylation. We investigated the global methylation profile of 34 tumor suppressor genes, CNAs of 52 chromosomal regions, and APC gene alterations (mutation, methylation, and loss) together with APC mRNA level in 45 ACCs and related peritumoral pancreatic tissues using methylation-specific multiplex ligation probe amplification (MS-MLPA), fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), mutation analysis, and reverse transcription-droplet digital PCR. ACCs did not show an extensive global gene hypermethylation profile. RASSF1 and APC were the only two genes frequently methylated. APC mutations were found in only 7 % of cases, while APC loss and methylation were more frequently observed (48 and 56 % of ACCs, respectively). APC mRNA low levels were found in 58 % of cases and correlated with CNAs. In conclusion, ACCs do not show extensive global gene hypermethylation. APC alterations are frequently involved in the pathogenesis of ACCs mainly through gene loss and promoter hypermethylation, along with reduction of APC mRNA levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Furlan
- Department of Surgical and Morphological Sciences, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
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Volodko N, Gordon M, Salla M, Ghazaleh HA, Baksh S. RASSF tumor suppressor gene family: Biological functions and regulation. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:2671-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 02/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Vici P, Mariani L, Pizzuti L, Sergi D, Di Lauro L, Vizza E, Tomao F, Tomao S, Mancini E, Vincenzoni C, Barba M, Maugeri-Saccà M, Giovinazzo G, Venuti A. Emerging biological treatments for uterine cervical carcinoma. J Cancer 2014; 5:86-97. [PMID: 24494026 PMCID: PMC3909763 DOI: 10.7150/jca.7963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide, and the development of new diagnosis, prognostic, and treatment strategies is a major interest for public health. Cisplatin, in combination with external beam irradiation for locally advanced disease, or as monotherapy for recurrent/metastatic disease, has been the cornerstone of treatment for more than two decades. Other investigated cytotoxic therapies include paclitaxel, ifosfamide and topotecan, as single agents or in combination, revealing unsatisfactory results. In recent years, much effort has been made towards evaluating new drugs and developing innovative therapies to treat cervical cancer. Among the most investigated molecular targets are epidermal growth factor receptor and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathways, both playing a critical role in cervical cancer development. Studies with bevacizumab or VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase have given encouraging results in terms of clinical efficacy, without adding significant toxicity. A great number of other molecular agents targeting critical pathways in cervical malignant transformation are being evaluated in preclinical and clinical trials, reporting preliminary promising data. In the current review, we discuss novel therapeutic strategies which are being investigated for the treatment of advanced cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Vici
- 1. Department of Medical Oncology B, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Luciano Mariani
- 2. Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy ; 3. HPV Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Pizzuti
- 1. Department of Medical Oncology B, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Sergi
- 1. Department of Medical Oncology B, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Luigi Di Lauro
- 1. Department of Medical Oncology B, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Enrico Vizza
- 2. Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Federica Tomao
- 4. Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, "La Sapienza" University, V Policlinico 155, 00161, Rome, Italy
| | - Silverio Tomao
- 5. Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, "La Sapienza" University of Rome, Oncology Unit, C.so della Repubblica, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Emanuela Mancini
- 2. Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Cristina Vincenzoni
- 2. Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Maddalena Barba
- 1. Department of Medical Oncology B, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy ; 6. Scientific Direction, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Marcello Maugeri-Saccà
- 1. Department of Medical Oncology B, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy ; 6. Scientific Direction, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giovinazzo
- 7. Department of Radiation Oncology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute,V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
| | - Aldo Venuti
- 3. HPV Unit, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy ; 8. Laboratory of Virology, Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, V Elio Chianesi 53, 00144, Rome, Italy
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Ojesina AI, Lichtenstein L, Freeman SS, Pedamallu CS, Imaz-Rosshandler I, Pugh TJ, Cherniack AD, Ambrogio L, Cibulskis K, Bertelsen B, Romero-Cordoba S, Treviño V, Vazquez-Santillan K, Guadarrama AS, Wright AA, Rosenberg MW, Duke F, Kaplan B, Wang R, Nickerson E, Walline HM, Lawrence MS, Stewart C, Carter SL, McKenna A, Rodriguez-Sanchez IP, Espinosa-Castilla M, Woie K, Bjorge L, Wik E, Halle MK, Hoivik EA, Krakstad C, Gabiño NB, Gómez-Macías GS, Valdez-Chapa LD, Garza-Rodríguez ML, Maytorena G, Vazquez J, Rodea C, Cravioto A, Cortes ML, Greulich H, Crum CP, Neuberg DS, Hidalgo-Miranda A, Escareno CR, Akslen LA, Carey TE, Vintermyr OK, Gabriel SB, Barrera-Saldaña HA, Melendez-Zajgla J, Getz G, Salvesen HB, Meyerson M. Landscape of genomic alterations in cervical carcinomas. Nature 2013; 506:371-5. [PMID: 24390348 DOI: 10.1038/nature12881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 599] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is responsible for 10-15% of cancer-related deaths in women worldwide. The aetiological role of infection with high-risk human papilloma viruses (HPVs) in cervical carcinomas is well established. Previous studies have also implicated somatic mutations in PIK3CA, PTEN, TP53, STK11 and KRAS as well as several copy-number alterations in the pathogenesis of cervical carcinomas. Here we report whole-exome sequencing analysis of 115 cervical carcinoma-normal paired samples, transcriptome sequencing of 79 cases and whole-genome sequencing of 14 tumour-normal pairs. Previously unknown somatic mutations in 79 primary squamous cell carcinomas include recurrent E322K substitutions in the MAPK1 gene (8%), inactivating mutations in the HLA-B gene (9%), and mutations in EP300 (16%), FBXW7 (15%), NFE2L2 (4%), TP53 (5%) and ERBB2 (6%). We also observe somatic ELF3 (13%) and CBFB (8%) mutations in 24 adenocarcinomas. Squamous cell carcinomas have higher frequencies of somatic nucleotide substitutions occurring at cytosines preceded by thymines (Tp*C sites) than adenocarcinomas. Gene expression levels at HPV integration sites were statistically significantly higher in tumours with HPV integration compared with expression of the same genes in tumours without viral integration at the same site. These data demonstrate several recurrent genomic alterations in cervical carcinomas that suggest new strategies to combat this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinyemi I Ojesina
- 1] Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [3]
| | - Lee Lichtenstein
- 1] The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [2]
| | - Samuel S Freeman
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Chandra Sekhar Pedamallu
- 1] Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | | | - Trevor J Pugh
- 1] Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Andrew D Cherniack
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Lauren Ambrogio
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Kristian Cibulskis
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Bjørn Bertelsen
- Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, N5021 Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | | | | | - Alexi A Wright
- 1] Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Mara W Rosenberg
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Fujiko Duke
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - Bethany Kaplan
- 1] Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Rui Wang
- 1] Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] Department of Thoracic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Elizabeth Nickerson
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Heather M Walline
- Cancer Biology Program, Program in the Biomedical Sciences, Rackham Graduate School, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Michael S Lawrence
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Chip Stewart
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Scott L Carter
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Aaron McKenna
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Iram P Rodriguez-Sanchez
- Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario 'Dr. José Eluterio González' de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México
| | | | - Kathrine Woie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, N5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Line Bjorge
- 1] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, N5021 Bergen, Norway [2] Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, N5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Elisabeth Wik
- 1] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, N5021 Bergen, Norway [2] Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, N5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Mari K Halle
- 1] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, N5021 Bergen, Norway [2] Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, N5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Erling A Hoivik
- 1] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, N5021 Bergen, Norway [2] Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, N5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Camilla Krakstad
- 1] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, N5021 Bergen, Norway [2] Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, N5020 Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Gabriela Sofia Gómez-Macías
- Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario 'Dr. José Eluterio González' de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México
| | - Lezmes D Valdez-Chapa
- Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario 'Dr. José Eluterio González' de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México
| | - María Lourdes Garza-Rodríguez
- Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario 'Dr. José Eluterio González' de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México
| | | | - Jorge Vazquez
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Carlos Rodea
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Adrian Cravioto
- Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Mexico City 06720, Mexico
| | - Maria L Cortes
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Heidi Greulich
- 1] Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [3] Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Christopher P Crum
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
| | - Donna S Neuberg
- Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | | | - Claudia Rangel Escareno
- 1] Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genomica, Mexico City 14610, Mexico [2] Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, California 91711, USA
| | - Lars A Akslen
- 1] Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, N5021 Bergen, Norway [2] Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, N5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Thomas E Carey
- Head and Neck Oncology Program and Department of Otolaryngology, University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan 38109, USA
| | - Olav K Vintermyr
- 1] Department of Pathology, Haukeland University Hospital, N5021 Bergen, Norway [2] Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, N5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - Stacey B Gabriel
- The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Hugo A Barrera-Saldaña
- Facultad de Medicina y Hospital Universitario 'Dr. José Eluterio González' de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Monterrey, Nuevo León 64460, México
| | | | - Gad Getz
- 1] The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [2] Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center and Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA
| | - Helga B Salvesen
- 1] Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haukeland University Hospital, N5021 Bergen, Norway [2] Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, N5020 Bergen, Norway [3]
| | - Matthew Meyerson
- 1] Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA [2] The Eli and Edythe L. Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA [3] Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA [4]
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Wright AA, Howitt BE, Myers AP, Dahlberg SE, Palescandolo E, Van Hummelen P, MacConaill LE, Shoni M, Wagle N, Jones RT, Quick CM, Laury A, Katz IT, Hahn WC, Matulonis UA, Hirsch MS. Oncogenic mutations in cervical cancer: genomic differences between adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas of the cervix. Cancer 2013; 119:3776-83. [PMID: 24037752 DOI: 10.1002/cncr.28288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 204] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths among women worldwide. The objective of this study was to describe the most common oncogenic mutations in cervical cancers and to explore genomic differences between the 2 most common histologic subtypes: adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. METHODS A high-throughput genotyping platform, termed Oncomap, was used to interrogate 80 cervical tumors for 1250 known mutations in 139 cancer genes. Samples were analyzed using a mass spectrometry-based genotyping platform and were validated using orthogonal chemistry. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations were further validated by massive parallel sequencing. Human papilloma virus (HPV) genotyping also was performed. RESULTS Validated mutations were detected in 48 of 80 tumors (60%) examined. The highest mutation rates were in the genes phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, catalytic subunit α (PIK3CA) (31.3%); Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) (8.8%); and EGFR (3.8%). PIK3CA mutation rates did not differ significantly between adenocarcinomas and squamous cell carcinomas (25% vs 37.5%, respectively; P = .33). In contrast, KRAS mutations were identified only in adenocarcinomas (17.5% vs 0%; P = .01), and a novel EGFR mutation was detected only in squamous cell carcinomas (0% vs 7.5%; P = .24). There were no associations between HPV-16 or HPV-18 and somatic mutations or overall survival. In adjusted analyses, PIK3CA mutations were associated with shorter survival (67.1 months vs 90.3 months; hazard ratio, 9.1; 95% confidence interval, 2.8-29.5 months; P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Cervical cancers harbor high rates of potentially targetable oncogenic mutations. In addition, cervical squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma have distinct molecular profiles, suggesting that clinical outcomes may be improved with the use of more tailored treatment strategies, including PI3K and MEK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexi A Wright
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Centers for Outcomes and Policy Research and Psychosocial Epidemiology and Outcomes Research, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
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Developments in the systemic treatment of metastatic cervical cancer. Cancer Treat Rev 2013; 39:430-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2012.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2012] [Revised: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 05/27/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Abstract
Persistent infection with high-risk types of human papillomavirus(HPV) is known to cause cervical cancer; however, additional genetic and epigenetic alterations are required for progression from precancerous disease to invasive cancer. DNA methylation is an early and frequent molecular alteration in cervical carcinogenesis. In this review, we summarize DNA methylation within the HPV genome and human genome and identify its clinical implications. Methylation of the HPV long control region (LCR) and L1 gene is common during cervical carcinogenesis and increases with the severity of the cervical neoplasm. The L1 gene of HPV16 and HPV18 is consistently hypermethylated in invasive cervical cancers and can potentially be used as a clinical marker of cancer progression. Moreover, promoters of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) involved in many cellular pathways are methylated in cervical precursors and invasive cancers. Some are associated with squamous cell carcinomas, and others are associated with adenocarcinomas. Identification of methylated TSGs in Pap smear could be an adjuvant test in cervical cancer screening for triage of women with high-risk HPV, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance, or low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL). However, consistent panels must be validated for this approach to be translated to the clinic. Furthermore, reversion of methylated TSGs using demethylating drugs may be an alternative anticancer treatment, but demethylating drugs without toxic carcinogenic and mutagenic properties must be identified and validated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Juan Yang
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
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Alexander RE, Lopez-Beltran A, Montironi R, MacLennan GT, Post KM, Bilbo SA, Jones TD, Huang W, Rao Q, Sen JD, Meehan K, Cornwell A, Miravalle L, Cheng L. KRAS mutation is present in a small subset of primary urinary bladder adenocarcinomas. Histopathology 2012; 61:1036-42. [PMID: 22804747 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2559.2012.04309.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
AIMS To determine whether KRAS mutations occur in primary bladder adenocarcinoma. METHODS AND RESULTS Twenty-six cases of primary urinary bladder adenocarcinoma were analysed. DNA was extracted from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue and amplified with shifted termination assay technology, which recognizes wild-type or mutant target sequences and selectively extends detection primers with labelled nucleotides. A mutation in KRAS was found in three (11.5%) of 26 primary bladder adenocarcinomas. Two of these three cases exhibited a G13D mutation, whereas the remaining case contained a mutation in G12V. None of the ten cases of urothelial carcinoma with glandular differentiation displayed KRAS mutation. Colonic adenocarcinoma contained a KRAS mutation in 18 (33%) of 55 cases. There was no distinct difference with regard to grade, stage or outcome according to the limited clinicopathological data available. However, the two youngest patients, aged 32 and 39 years, in our study group, with a mean population age of 61 years, were found to have mutations in KRAS. CONCLUSIONS KRAS mutations are present in a small subset of primary urinary bladder adenocarcinomas. Future clinical trials for treatment of bladder adenocarcinoma, employing targeted therapies similar to those used for treatment of colon cancer, may also benefit from the predictive implications of KRAS mutational testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riley E Alexander
- Department of Pathology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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Dueñas-Gonzalez A, Cetina L, Coronel J, Cervantes-Madrid D. Emerging drugs for cervical cancer. Expert Opin Emerg Drugs 2012; 17:203-18. [DOI: 10.1517/14728214.2012.683409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Abstract
Cervical carcinoma is one of the major causes of death in women worldwide. It is difficult to foresee a dramatic increase in cure rate even with the most optimal combination of cytotoxic drugs, surgery, and radiation; therefore, testing of molecular targeted therapies against this malignancy is highly desirable. Cervical cancer is a multistep process with accumulation of genetic and epigenetic alterations in regulatory genes, leading to activation of oncogenes and inactivation or loss of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs). In the last decade, in addition to genetic alterations, epigenetic inactivation of TSGs by promoter hypermethylation has been recognized as an important and alternative mechanism in tumorigenesis. In cervical cancer, epigenetic alterations can affect the expression of papillomavirus as well as host genes in relation to stages representing the multistep process of carcinogenesis. Here we discuss these epigenetic alterations in cervical cancer focusing on DNA methylation.
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Santin AD, Sill MW, McMeekin DS, Leitao MM, Brown J, Sutton GP, Van Le L, Griffin P, Boardman CH. Phase II trial of cetuximab in the treatment of persistent or recurrent squamous or non-squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study. Gynecol Oncol 2011; 122:495-500. [PMID: 21684583 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2011.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2011] [Revised: 05/23/2011] [Accepted: 05/29/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The Gynecologic Oncology Group (GOG) conducted a phase II trial to assess the efficacy and tolerability of the anti-EGFR antibody cetuximab, in persistent or recurrent carcinoma of the cervix. PATIENTS AND METHODS Eligible patients had cervical cancer, measurable disease, and GOG performance status ≤2. Treatment consisted of cetuximab 400 mg/m(2) initial dose followed by 250 mg/m(2) weekly until disease progression or prohibitive toxicity. The primary endpoints were progression-free survival (PFS) at 6 months and response. The study used a 2-stage group sequential design. RESULTS Thirty-eight patients were entered with 3 exclusions, leaving 35 evaluable for analysis. Thirty-one patients (88.6%) received prior radiation as well as either 1 (n=25, 71.4%) or 2 (n=10) prior cytotoxic regimens. Twenty-four patients (68.6%) had a squamous cell carcinoma. Grade 3 adverse events possibly related to cetuximab included dermatologic (n=5), GI (n=4), anemia (n=2), constitutional (n=3), infection (n=2), vascular (n=2), pain (n=2), and pulmonary, neurological, vomiting and metabolic (n=1 each). No clinical responses were detected. Five patients (14.3%; two-sided 90% CI, 5.8% to 30%) survived without progression for at least 6 months. The median PFS and overall survival (OS) times were 1.97 and 6.7 months, respectively. In this study, all patients with PFS at 6 months harbored tumors with squamous cell histology. CONCLUSION Cetuximab is well tolerated but has limited activity in this population. Cetuximab activity may be limited to patients with squamous cell histology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro D Santin
- Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Reproductive Sciences, New Haven, CT 06520-8063, USA.
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Soonthornthum T, Arias-Pulido H, Joste N, Lomo L, Muller C, Rutledge T, Verschraegen C. Epidermal growth factor receptor as a biomarker for cervical cancer. Ann Oncol 2011; 22:2166-78. [PMID: 21325449 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdq723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
This review focuses on the different modes of expression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). All methods used to assess EGFR expression are critically analyzed and insights into the use of inhibitors of EGFR for treatment of cervical cancer are discussed. Currently, expression of EGFR as a biomarker for prognosis or for treatment of cervical cancer is not defined for clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Soonthornthum
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico Cancer Research and Treatment Center, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA
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Abstract
After the completion of the human genome, a need was identified by scientists to look for a functional map of the human genome. Epigenomics provided functional characteristics of genes identified in the genome. Epigenetics is the alteration in gene expression (function) without changing the nucleotide sequence. Both activation and inactivation of cancer-associated genes can occur by epigenetic mechanisms. The major players in epigenetic mechanisms of gene regulation are DNA methylation, histone deacetylation, chromatin remodeling, small noncoding RNA expression and gene imprinting. In the last few years, epigenetic mechanisms have been studied in a number of tumor types and epigenetic markers have been identified that are suitable for cancer detection, diagnosis, follow-up of treatment and screening high-risk populations. One interesting aspect of epigenetics is the reactivation of genes by successful reversion of some epigenetic changes using chemicals. The reversibility of epigenetic aberrations has made them attractive targets for cancer treatment with modulators that demethylate DNA and inhibit histone deacetylases, leading to the reactivation of silenced genes. In this article, we have described the current status of this powerful science and discussed the challenges in the clinical fields where epigenetic approaches in cancer are applied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirendra Nath Banerjee
- Department of Biology, Campus Box 930, Elizabeth City State University, 1704 Weeksville Road, Elizabeth City, NC 27909, USA.
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Noordhuis MG, Eijsink JJ, ten Hoor KA, Roossink F, Hollema H, Arts HJ, Pras E, Maduro JH, Reyners AK, de Bock GH, Wisman GBA, Schuuring E, van der Zee AG. Expression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and Activated EGFR Predict Poor Response to (Chemo)radiation and Survival in Cervical Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2009; 15:7389-97. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-09-1149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Movva S, Rodriguez L, Arias-Pulido H, Verschraegen C. Novel chemotherapy approaches for cervical cancer. Cancer 2009; 115:3166-80. [DOI: 10.1002/cncr.24364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Szalmás A, Kónya J. Epigenetic alterations in cervical carcinogenesis. Semin Cancer Biol 2009; 19:144-52. [PMID: 19429477 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2009.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2009] [Accepted: 02/13/2009] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
During cervical carcinogenesis, the major etiologic factor, the persistent oncogenic HPV infection itself is not sufficient to immortalize and transform the epithelial host cells. Together with further genetic and epigenetic alterations disrupting the cell cycle control, the host cell acquires immortal phenotype and progresses further to an overt malignant and invasive phenotype. Here, we discuss how cancer-associated epigenetic alterations can affect the expression of papillomaviral as well as host genes in relation to stages representing the multistep process of carcinogenesis. Biomarker roles in clinical diagnosis and prognosis might be assigned to the epigenetic pattern of the involved genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Szalmás
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical and Health Science Center, University of Debrecen, Nagyerdei krt. 98, Debrecen, Hungary
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Wentzensen N, Sherman ME, Schiffman M, Wang SS. Utility of methylation markers in cervical cancer early detection: appraisal of the state-of-the-science. Gynecol Oncol 2009; 112:293-9. [PMID: 19054549 PMCID: PMC2673716 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2008.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2008] [Revised: 10/13/2008] [Accepted: 10/14/2008] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We wanted to identify the most promising methylation marker candidates for cervical cancer early detection. METHODS A systematic literature review was performed in Medline and weighted average frequencies for methylated genes stratified by tissue source and methods used were computed. RESULTS 51 studies were identified analyzing 68 different genes for methylation in 4376 specimens across all stages of cervical carcinogenesis. 15 genes, DAPK1, RASSF1, CDH1, CDKN2A, MGMT, RARB, APC, FHIT, MLH1, TIMP3, GSTP1, CADM1, CDH13, HIC1, and TERT have been analyzed in 5 or more studies. The published data on these genes is highly heterogeneous; 7 genes (CDH1, FHIT, TERT, CDH13, MGMT, TIMP3, and HIC1) had a reported range of methylation frequencies in cervical cancers of greater than 60% between studies. Stratification by analysis method did not resolve the heterogeneity. Three markers, DAPK1, CADM1, and RARB, showed elevated methylation in cervical cancers consistently across studies. CONCLUSIONS There is currently no methylation marker that can be readily translated for use in cervical cancer screening or triage settings. Large, well-conducted methylation profiling studies of cervical carcinogenesis could yield new candidates that are more specific for HPV-related carcinogenesis. New candidate markers need to be thoroughly validated in highly standardized assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Wentzensen
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 6120 Executive Blvd, Room 5012, Rockville, MD 20854-7234, USA.
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