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Suh DH, Park WH, Kim M, Kim K, No JH, Kim YB. HOXB9 Overexpression Confers Chemoresistance to Ovarian Cancer Cells by Inducing ERCC-1, MRP-2, and XIAP. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021249. [PMID: 36674764 PMCID: PMC9865712 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to identify the role of HOXB9 and associated molecular mechanism in acquiring chemoresistance to ovarian cancer cells. After establishing HOXB9-overexpressing cells (HOXB9-OE/SKOV3), cisplatin resistance-induced cells (Cis-R/SKOV3), and an ovarian cancer xenograft mouse model, the effects of HOXB9 were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Expression levels of ERCC-1, MRP-2, XIAP, and Bax/Bcl-2 were assessed as putative mechanisms mediating chemoresistance. Cisplatin-induced apoptosis was significantly decreased in HOXB9-OE/SKOV3 compared to SKOV3. Cisplatin treatment of SKOV3 strongly induced ERCC-1, MRP-2, and XIAP, and apoptosis was strongly induced through the inhibition of Bcl-2 and activation of Bax. ERCC-1, MRP-2, XIAP, and Bcl-2 were also strongly induced in HOXB9 OE/SKOV3. In contrast to SKOV3, cisplatin treatment alone of HOXB9 OE/SKOV3 did not affect the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax, and consequently, there was no increase in apoptosis. HOXB9 knockdown suppressed the expression of ERCC-1 and XIAP, but did not affect MRP-2 and Bcl-2/Bax expression in HOXB9 OE/SKOV3 and Cis-R/SKOV3, and caused a small increase in apoptosis. Treatment of SKOV3 with both cisplatin and siRNA_HOXB9 led to complete suppression of ERCC-1, MRP-2, and XIAP, and significantly increased apoptosis through inhibition of Bcl-2 expression and activation of Bax. The results observed in Cis-R/SKOV3 were similar to that in HOXB9 OE/SKOV3. Our data suggest that HOXB9 overexpression may cause chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells by differential induction of ERCC-1, MRP-2, and XIAP depending on the strength of HOXB9 expression through inhibition of the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, including Bax/Bcl-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Hoon Suh
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Wook Ha Park
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Miseon Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
| | - Kidong Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hong No
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Beom Kim
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, 82 Gumi-ro, 173 Beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 13620, Republic of Korea
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence:
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Zheng D, Ning J, Xia Y, Ruan Y, Cheng F. Comprehensive analysis of a homeobox family gene signature in clear cell renal cell carcinoma with regard to prognosis and immune significance. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1008714. [PMID: 36387262 PMCID: PMC9660242 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1008714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The homeobox (HOX) family genes have been linked to multiple types of tumors, while their effect on malignant behaviors of clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and clinical significance remains largely unknown. Here, we comprehensively analyzed the expression profiles and prognostic value of HOX genes in ccRCC using datasets from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases. We developed a prognostic signature comprising eight HOX genes (HOXB1, HOXA7, HOXB5, HOXD8, HOXD9, HOXB9, HOXA9, and HOXA11) for overall survival prediction in ccRCC and it allowed patients to be subdivided into high- and low-risk groups. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis in all the internal and external cohorts revealed significant difference in clinical outcome of patients in different risk groups, indicating the satisfactory predictive power of the signature. Additionally, we constructed a prognostic nomogram by integrating signature-derived risk score and clinical factors such as gender, age, T and M status, which might be helpful for clinical decision-making and designing tailored management schedules. Immunological analysis revealed that the regulatory T cells (Tregs) infiltrated differently between the two subgroups in both TCGA and ICGC cohorts. ssGSEA method showed that the enrichment scores for mast cells were significantly lower in high-risk group compared with the low-risk group, which was consistent in both TCGA and ICGC cohorts. As for the related immune function, the enrichment scores of APC co-inhibition, para-inflammation, and type II IFN response were consistently lower in high-risk group in both cohorts. Of the eight HOX genes, the mRNA and protein levels of HOXD8 were downregulated in ccRCC than that in normal tissues, and decreased expression of HOXD8 was associated with increased tumor grade and stage, and lymph node metastasis. Survival analysis revealed that lower expression of HOXD8 predicted worse overall survival in ccRCC. In conclusion, our HOX gene-based signature was a favorable indicator to predict the prognosis of ccRCC cases and associated with immune cell infiltration. HOXD8 might be a tumor suppressor gene in ccRCC and a potential predictor of tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Yuan Ruan
- *Correspondence: Fan Cheng, ; Yuan Ruan,
| | - Fan Cheng
- *Correspondence: Fan Cheng, ; Yuan Ruan,
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Miller KR, Patel JN, Zhang Q, Norris EJ, Symanowski J, Michener C, Sehouli J, Braicu I, Destephanis DD, Sutker AP, Jones W, Livasy CA, Biscotti C, Ganapathi RN, Tait DL, Ganapathi MK. HOXA4/HOXB3 gene expression signature as a biomarker of recurrence in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer following primary cytoreductive surgery and first-line adjuvant chemotherapy. Gynecol Oncol 2018; 149:155-162. [PMID: 29402501 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2018.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Aberrant homeobox (HOX) gene expression is reported in high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC), however, its prognostic significance remains unclear. METHODS HOX genes associated with progression-free survival (PFS) in a discovery cohort of primary HGSOC samples with RNA sequencing data, and those previously reported to be associated with clinical outcomes, were selected for qPCR testing in an independent training cohort of primary HGSOC samples (n=71). A prognostic model for PFS was developed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression. Patients were stratified into risk groups that optimized the test statistic. The model was tested in an independent HGSOC cohort from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) (n=320). The effect of selected HOX genes on drug sensitivity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation was examined in vitro. RESULTS Of 23 HOX genes tested in the training cohort, HOXA4 (HR=1.20, 95% CI=1.07-1.34, P=0.002) and HOXB3 (HR=1.09, 95% CI=1.01-1.17, P=0.027) overexpression were significantly associated with shorter PFS in multivariate analysis. Based on the optimal cutoff of the HOXA4/HOXB3 risk score, median PFS was 16.9months (95% CI=14.6-21.2months) and not reached (>80months) for patients with high and low risk scores, respectively (HR=8.89, 95% CI=2.09-37.74, P<0.001). In TCGA, the HOXA4/HOXB3 risk score was significantly associated with disease-free survival (HR=1.44, 95% CI=1.00-2.09, P=0.048). HOXA4 or HOXB3 overexpression in ovarian cancer cells decreased sensitivity to cisplatin and attenuated the generation of cisplatin-induced ROS (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS HOXA4/HOXB3 gene expression-based risk score may be useful for prognostic risk stratification and warrants prospective validation in HGSOC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine R Miller
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Jai N Patel
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Biostatistics, Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Eric J Norris
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - James Symanowski
- Department of Biostatistics, Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Chad Michener
- Women's Health and Obstetrics/Gynecology Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Jalid Sehouli
- Department of Gynecology, Charité Medical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ioana Braicu
- Department of Gynecology, Charité Medical University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Darla D Destephanis
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Ashley P Sutker
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Wendell Jones
- Bioinformatics and Clinical Systems, Q(2) Solutions - EA Genomics, 5927 S. Miami Blvd., Suite 100, Morrisville, NC 27560, USA
| | - Chad A Livasy
- Carolinas Pathology Group, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA
| | - Charles Biscotti
- Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ram N Ganapathi
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA.
| | - David L Tait
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC 28204, USA.
| | - Mahrukh K Ganapathi
- Department of Cancer Pharmacology, Levine Cancer Institute, Carolinas HealthCare System, Charlotte, NC, USA.
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Eoh KJ, Kim HJ, Lee JY, Nam EJ, Kim S, Kim SW, Kim YT. Dysregulated expression of homeobox family genes may influence survival outcomes of patients with epithelial ovarian cancer: analysis of data from The Cancer Genome Atlas. Oncotarget 2017; 8:70579-70585. [PMID: 29050303 PMCID: PMC5642578 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.19771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Homeobox (HOX) family genes encode key transcription factors for embryogenesis and may be correlated with carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether aberrant expression of HOX genes influences outcomes in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Gene expression data and clinicopathologic information from 630 patients with EOC were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas database. We explored correlations between expression levels of HOX gene family members and clinicopathological variables. Higher expression of HOXA1, A4, A5, A7, A10, A11, B13, C13, D1, and D3 was associated with advanced FIGO stage. Suboptimal residual disease after debulking surgery was significantly correlated with higher expression of HOXB9, B13, and C13. Additionally, patients with high expression of HOXC6 and C11 were significantly more likely to have poor performance status. Overall survival was significantly shorter in patients with high, rather than low, expression of two HOX genes (HOXA10 and B3), and significantly longer in patients with high rather than low HOXC5 expression. Dysregulated expression of the HOXA10, B3, and C5 was significantly correlated with overall survival in EOC patients. HOX gene expression levels are potentially useful as a prognostic indicator in EOC, and HOX genes may represent a novel and promising target for anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Jin Eoh
- Institute of Women's Medical Life Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Jung Kim
- Institute of Women's Medical Life Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Yun Lee
- Institute of Women's Medical Life Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun Ji Nam
- Institute of Women's Medical Life Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunghoon Kim
- Institute of Women's Medical Life Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Wun Kim
- Institute of Women's Medical Life Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Tae Kim
- Institute of Women's Medical Life Science, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Chong GO, Jeon HS, Han HS, Son JW, Lee YH, Hong DG, Park HJ, Lee YS, Cho YL. Overexpression of microRNA-196b Accelerates Invasiveness of Cancer Cells in Recurrent Epithelial Ovarian Cancer Through Regulation of Homeobox A9. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2017; 14:137-141. [PMID: 28387653 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Revised: 02/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIM Although microRNAs (miRNAs) are known to influence messenger RNA post-transcriptional control and contribute to human tumorigenesis, little is known about the differences in miRNA expression between primary and recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). The purpose of this study was to assess the differential miRNA expression between primary and recurrent EOC and to investigate whether miR-196b could regulate the expression of the Homeobox A9 (HOXA9) gene, and thus affect the invasiveness of cancer cells in recurrent EOC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Microarrays were used to generate the expression profiles of 6658 miRNAs from samples of 10 patients with EOC. miRNA expression patterns were compared between primary and recurrent EOC. Aberrantly expressed miRNA, associated genes, and invasion activities were validated by a luciferase assay and an in vitro invasion assay. RESULTS miRNA microarray analysis identified 33 overexpressed miRNAs (including miR-196b) and 18 under expressed miRNAs in recurrent EOC from 6658 human miRNAs. HOXA9 expression was inversely correlated with miR-196b levels in recurrent EOC. We noted that miR-196b induced ovarian cancer cell invasiveness in recurrent EOC by an in vitro invasion assay. CONCLUSION Overexpression of miR-196b may contribute to invasion activities in recurrent EOC by regulating the HOXA9 gene. Moreover, miR-196b can be a potential biomarker in recurrent EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gun Oh Chong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Hyung Soo Han
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Woong Son
- Department of Internal Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon Hee Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Gy Hong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yoon Soon Lee
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Lae Cho
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea
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Klinkebiel D, Zhang W, Akers SN, Odunsi K, Karpf AR. DNA Methylome Analyses Implicate Fallopian Tube Epithelia as the Origin for High-Grade Serous Ovarian Cancer. Mol Cancer Res 2016; 14:787-94. [PMID: 27259716 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-16-0097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED High-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSC) is the most common and lethal form of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Two distinct tissues have been suggested as the tissue of origin: ovarian surface epithelia (OSE) and fallopian tube epithelia (FTE). We hypothesized that the DNA methylome of HGSC should more closely resemble the methylome of its tissue of origin. To this end, we profiled HGSC (n = 10), and patient-matched OSE and FTE (n = 5) primary fresh-frozen tissues, and analyzed the DNA methylome using Illumina 450K arrays (n = 20) and Agilent Sure Select methyl-seq (n = 7). Methylomes were compared using statistical analyses of differentially methylated CpG sites (DMC) and differentially methylated regions (DMR). In addition, methylation was evaluated within a variety of different genomic contexts, including CpG island shores and Homeobox (HOX) genes, due to their roles in tissue specification. Publicly available HGSC methylome data (n = 628) were interrogated to provide additional comparisons with FTE and OSE for validation. These analyses revealed that HGSC and FTE methylomes are significantly and consistently more highly conserved than are HGSC and OSE. Pearson correlations and hierarchal clustering of genes, promoters, CpG islands, CpG island shores, and HOX genes all revealed increased relatedness of HGSC and FTE methylomes. Thus, these findings reveal that the landscape of FTE more closely resembles HGSC, the most common and deadly EOC subtype. IMPLICATIONS DNA methylome analyses support the hypothesis that HGSC arise from the fallopian tube and that due to its tissue-specificity and biochemical stability, interrogation of the methylome may be a valuable approach to examine cell/tissue lineage in cancer. Mol Cancer Res; 14(9); 787-94. ©2016 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Klinkebiel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Wa Zhang
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska
| | - Stacey N Akers
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Kunle Odunsi
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York. Department of Immunology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York. Center for Immunotherapy, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York
| | - Adam R Karpf
- Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska. The Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, Nebraska.
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