1
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Sykora M, Kratky V, Cervenka L, Kopkan L, Tribulova N, Szeiffova Bacova B. The treatment with trandolapril and losartan attenuates pressure and volume overload alternations of cardiac connexin-43 and extracellular matrix in Ren-2 transgenic rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20923. [PMID: 38017033 PMCID: PMC10684879 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48259-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is life-threatening disease due to electro-mechanical dysfunction associated with hemodynamic overload, while alterations of extracellular matrix (ECM) along with perturbed connexin-43 (Cx43) might be key factors involved. We aimed to explore a dual impact of pressure, and volume overload due to aorto-caval fistula (ACF) on Cx43 and ECM as well as effect of renin-angiotensin blockade. Hypertensive Ren-2 transgenic rats (TGR) and normotensive Hannover Sprague-Dawley rats (HSD) that underwent ACF were treated for 15-weeks with trandolapril or losartan. Blood serum and heart tissue samples of the right (RV) and left ventricles (LV) were used for analyses. ACF-HF increased RV, LV and lung mass in HSD and to lesser extent in TGR, while treatment attenuated it and normalized serum ANP, BNP-45 and TBARS. Cx43 protein and its ser368 variant along with PKCε were lower in TGR vs HSD and suppressed in both rat strains due to ACF but prevented more by trandolapril. Pro-hypertrophic PKCδ, collagen I and hydroxyproline were elevated in TGR and increased due to ACF in both rat strains. While SMAD2/3 and MMP2 levels were lower in TGR vs HSD and reduced due to ACF in both strains. Findings point out the strain-related differences in response to volume overload. Disorders of Cx43 and ECM signalling may contribute not only to HF but also to the formation of arrhythmogenic substrate. There is benefit of treatment with trandolapril and losartan indicating their pleiotropic anti-arrhythmic potential. It may provide novel input to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matus Sykora
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Vojtech Kratky
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Nephrology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University and General University Hospital in Prague, 128 08, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ludek Cervenka
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Cardiology, University Hospital Olomouc and Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Libor Kopkan
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, 140 21, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Narcis Tribulova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Barbara Szeiffova Bacova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute for Heart Research, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 841 04, Bratislava, Slovakia.
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2
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Anti-Fibrotic Potential of Angiotensin (1-7) in Hemodynamically Overloaded Rat Heart. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043490. [PMID: 36834901 PMCID: PMC9967643 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a highly dynamic structure controlling the proper functioning of heart muscle. ECM remodeling with enhanced collagen deposition due to hemodynamic overload impairs cardiomyocyte adhesion and electrical coupling that contributes to cardiac mechanical dysfunction and arrhythmias. We aimed to explore ECM and connexin-43 (Cx43) signaling pathways in hemodynamically overloaded rat heart as well as the possible implication of angiotensin (1-7) (Ang (1-7)) to prevent/attenuate adverse myocardial remodeling. Male 8-week-old, normotensive Hannover Spraque-Dawley rats (HSD), hypertensive (mRen-2)27 transgenic rats (TGR) and Ang (1-7) transgenic rats (TGR(A1-7)3292) underwent aortocaval fistula (ACF) to produce volume overload. Five weeks later, biometric and heart tissue analyses were performed. Cardiac hypertrophy in response to volume overload was significantly less pronounced in TGR(A1-7)3292 compared to HSD rats. Moreover, a marker of fibrosis hydroxyproline was increased in both ventricles of volume-overloaded TGR while it was reduced in the Ang (1-7) right heart ventricle. The protein level and activity of MMP-2 were reduced in both ventricles of volume-overloaded TGR/TGR(A1-7)3292 compared to HSD. SMAD2/3 protein levels were decreased in the right ventricle of TGR(A1-7)3292 compared to HSD/TGR in response to volume overload. In parallel, Cx43 and pCx43 implicated in electrical coupling were increased in TGR(A1-7)3292 versus HSD/TGR. It can be concluded that Ang (1-7) exhibits cardio-protective and anti-fibrotic potential in conditions of cardiac volume overload.
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3
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Gömöri K, Herwig M, Budde H, Hassoun R, Mostafi N, Zhazykbayeva S, Sieme M, Modi S, Szabados T, Pipis J, Farkas-Morvay N, Leprán I, Ágoston G, Baczkó I, Kovács Á, Mügge A, Ferdinandy P, Görbe A, Bencsik P, Hamdani N. Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II and protein kinase G oxidation contributes to impaired sarcomeric proteins in hypertrophy model. ESC Heart Fail 2022; 9:2585-2600. [PMID: 35584900 PMCID: PMC9288768 DOI: 10.1002/ehf2.13973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Volume overload (VO) induced hypertrophy is one of the hallmarks to the development of heart diseases. Understanding the compensatory mechanisms involved in this process might help preventing the disease progression. Methods and results Therefore, the present study used 2 months old Wistar rats, which underwent an aortocaval fistula to develop VO‐induced hypertrophy. The animals were subdivided into four different groups, two sham operated animals served as age‐matched controls and two groups with aortocaval fistula. Echocardiography was performed prior termination after 4‐ and 8‐month. Functional and molecular changes of several sarcomeric proteins and their signalling pathways involved in the regulation and modulation of cardiomyocyte function were investigated. Results The model was characterized with preserved ejection fraction in all groups and with elevated heart/body weight ratio, left/right ventricular and atrial weight at 4‐ and 8‐month, which indicates VO‐induced hypertrophy. In addition, 8‐months groups showed increased left ventricular internal diameter during diastole, RV internal diameter, stroke volume and velocity‐time index compared with their age‐matched controls. These changes were accompanied by increased Ca2+ sensitivity and titin‐based cardiomyocyte stiffness in 8‐month VO rats compared with other groups. The altered cardiomyocyte mechanics was associated with phosphorylation deficit of sarcomeric proteins cardiac troponin I, myosin binding protein C and titin, also accompanied with impaired signalling pathways involved in phosphorylation of these sarcomeric proteins in 8‐month VO rats compared with age‐matched control group. Impaired protein phosphorylation status and dysregulated signalling pathways were associated with significant alterations in the oxidative status of both kinases CaMKII and PKG explaining by this the elevated Ca2+ sensitivity and titin‐based cardiomyocyte stiffness and perhaps the development of hypertrophy. Conclusions Our findings showed VO‐induced cardiomyocyte dysfunction via deranged phosphorylation of myofilament proteins and signalling pathways due to increased oxidative state of CaMKII and PKG and this might contribute to the development of hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamilla Gömöri
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Melissa Herwig
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Heidi Budde
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Roua Hassoun
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Nusratul Mostafi
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Saltanat Zhazykbayeva
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Marcel Sieme
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Suvasini Modi
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Tamara Szabados
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Judit Pipis
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | | | - István Leprán
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gergely Ágoston
- Institute of Family Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - István Baczkó
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Árpád Kovács
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Andreas Mügge
- Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany
| | - Péter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Anikó Görbe
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Péter Bencsik
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.,Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Nazha Hamdani
- Institut für Forschung und Lehre (IFL), Molecular and Experimental Cardiology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.,Department of Cardiology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.,HCEMM-Cardiovascular Research Group, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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4
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Jarkovská D, Miklovič M, Švíglerová J, Červenka L, Škaroupková P, Melenovský V, Štengl M. Effects of Trandolapril on Structural, Contractile and Electrophysiological Remodeling in Experimental Volume Overload Heart Failure. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:729568. [PMID: 34566652 PMCID: PMC8460913 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.729568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic volume overload induces multiple cardiac remodeling processes that finally result in eccentric cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. We have hypothesized that chronic angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition by trandolapril might affect various remodeling processes differentially, thus allowing their dissociation. Cardiac remodeling due to chronic volume overload and the effects of trandolapril were investigated in rats with an aortocaval fistula (ACF rats). The aortocaval shunt was created using a needle technique and progression of cardiac remodeling to heart failure was followed for 24 weeks. In ACF rats, pronounced eccentric cardiac hypertrophy and contractile and proarrhythmic electrical remodeling were associated with increased mortality. Trandolapril substantially reduced the electrical proarrhythmic remodeling and mortality, whereas the effect on cardiac hypertrophy was less pronounced and significant eccentric hypertrophy was preserved. Effective suppression of electrical proarrhythmic remodeling and mortality but not hypertrophy indicates that the beneficial therapeutic effects of ACE inhibitor trandolapril in volume overload heart failure might be dissociated from pure antihypertrophic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Jarkovská
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia.,Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Matúš Miklovič
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Pathophysiology, 2 Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Jitka Švíglerová
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia.,Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
| | - Luděk Červenka
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia.,Department of Pathophysiology, 2 Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia
| | - Petra Škaroupková
- Center for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Vojtěch Melenovský
- Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czechia
| | - Milan Štengl
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia.,Biomedical Center, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czechia
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5
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Havlenova T, Skaroupkova P, Miklovic M, Behounek M, Chmel M, Jarkovska D, Sviglerova J, Stengl M, Kolar M, Novotny J, Benes J, Cervenka L, Petrak J, Melenovsky V. Right versus left ventricular remodeling in heart failure due to chronic volume overload. Sci Rep 2021; 11:17136. [PMID: 34429479 PMCID: PMC8384875 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-96618-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms of right ventricular (RV) dysfunction in heart failure (HF) are poorly understood. RV response to volume overload (VO), a common contributing factor to HF, is rarely studied. The goal was to identify interventricular differences in response to chronic VO. Rats underwent aorto-caval fistula (ACF)/sham operation to induce VO. After 24 weeks, RV and left ventricular (LV) functions, gene expression and proteomics were studied. ACF led to biventricular dilatation, systolic dysfunction and hypertrophy affecting relatively more RV. Increased RV afterload contributed to larger RV stroke work increment compared to LV. Both ACF ventricles displayed upregulation of genes of myocardial stress and metabolism. Most proteins reacted to VO in a similar direction in both ventricles, yet the expression changes were more pronounced in RV (pslope: < 0.001). The most upregulated were extracellular matrix (POSTN, NRAP, TGM2, CKAP4), cell adhesion (NCAM, NRAP, XIRP2) and cytoskeletal proteins (FHL1, CSRP3) and enzymes of carbohydrate (PKM) or norepinephrine (MAOA) metabolism. Downregulated were MYH6 and FAO enzymes. Therefore, when exposed to identical VO, both ventricles display similar upregulation of stress and metabolic markers. Relatively larger response of ACF RV compared to the LV may be caused by concomitant pulmonary hypertension. No evidence supports RV chamber-specific regulation of protein expression in response to VO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tereza Havlenova
- grid.418930.70000 0001 2299 1368Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine - IKEM, Videnska 1958/9, 140 21 Prague 4, Czech Republic ,grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XDepartment of Pathophysiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Skaroupkova
- grid.418930.70000 0001 2299 1368Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine - IKEM, Videnska 1958/9, 140 21 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Matus Miklovic
- grid.418930.70000 0001 2299 1368Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine - IKEM, Videnska 1958/9, 140 21 Prague 4, Czech Republic ,grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XDepartment of Pathophysiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Matej Behounek
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XBIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Chmel
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XBIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dagmar Jarkovska
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XFaculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Sviglerova
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XFaculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Milan Stengl
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XFaculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Kolar
- grid.418827.00000 0004 0620 870XInstitute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Novotny
- grid.418827.00000 0004 0620 870XInstitute of Molecular Genetics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Benes
- grid.418930.70000 0001 2299 1368Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine - IKEM, Videnska 1958/9, 140 21 Prague 4, Czech Republic
| | - Ludek Cervenka
- grid.418930.70000 0001 2299 1368Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine - IKEM, Videnska 1958/9, 140 21 Prague 4, Czech Republic ,grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XDepartment of Pathophysiology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Petrak
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XBIOCEV, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Melenovsky
- grid.418930.70000 0001 2299 1368Department of Cardiology, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine - IKEM, Videnska 1958/9, 140 21 Prague 4, Czech Republic
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6
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Childers RC, Trask AJ, Liu J, Lucchesi PA, Gooch KJ. Paired Pressure-Volume Loop Analysis and Biaxial Mechanical Testing Characterize Differences in Left Ventricular Tissue Stiffness of Volume Overload and Angiotensin-Induced Pressure Overload Hearts. J Biomech Eng 2021; 143:081003. [PMID: 33729495 PMCID: PMC10782875 DOI: 10.1115/1.4050541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Pressure overload (PO) and volume overload (VO) of the heart result in distinctive changes to geometry, due to compensatory structural remodeling. This remodeling potentially leads to changes in tissue mechanical properties. Understanding such changes is important, as tissue modulus has an impact on cardiac performance, disease progression, and influences on cell phenotype. Pressure-volume (PV) loop analysis, a clinically relevant method for measuring left ventricular (LV) chamber stiffness, was performed in vivo on control rat hearts and rats subjected to either chronic PO through Angiotensin-II infusion (4-weeks) or VO (8-weeks). Immediately following PV loops, biaxial testing was performed on LV free wall tissue to directly measure tissue mechanical properties. The β coefficient, an index of chamber stiffness calculated from the PV loop analysis, increased 98% in PO (n = 4) and decreased 38% in VO (n = 5) compared to control (n = 6). Material constants of LV walls obtained from ex vivo biaxial testing (n = 9-10) were not changed in Angiotensin-II induced PO and decreased by about half in VO compared to control (47% in the circumferential and 57% the longitudinal direction). PV loop analysis showed the expected increase in chamber stiffness of PO and expected decrease in chamber stiffness of VO. Biaxial testing showed a decreased modulus of the myocardium of the VO model, but no changes in the PO model, this suggests the increased chamber stiffness in PO, as shown in the PV loop analysis, may be secondary to changes in tissue mass and/or geometry but not an increase in passive tissue mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C. Childers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Aaron J. Trask
- Center for Cardiovascular Research and The Heart Center, Department of Pediatrics, Nationwide Children's Hospital, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43205
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Pamela A. Lucchesi
- Departments of Pharmacology and Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595
| | - Keith J. Gooch
- Institute Frick Center for Heart Failure, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Davis Heart Lung Research, The Ohio State University Fontana Labs, 140 W 19th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210
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7
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Pitoulis FG, Terracciano CM. Heart Plasticity in Response to Pressure- and Volume-Overload: A Review of Findings in Compensated and Decompensated Phenotypes. Front Physiol 2020; 11:92. [PMID: 32116796 PMCID: PMC7031419 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The adult human heart has an exceptional ability to alter its phenotype to adapt to changes in environmental demand. This response involves metabolic, mechanical, electrical, and structural alterations, and is known as cardiac plasticity. Understanding the drivers of cardiac plasticity is essential for development of therapeutic agents. This is particularly important in contemporary cardiology, which uses treatments with peripheral effects (e.g., on kidneys, adrenal glands). This review focuses on the effects of different hemodynamic loads on myocardial phenotype. We examine mechanical scenarios of pressure- and volume overload, from the initial insult, to compensated, and ultimately decompensated stage. We discuss how different hemodynamic conditions occur and are underlined by distinct phenotypic and molecular changes. We complete the review by exploring how current basic cardiac research should leverage available cardiac models to study mechanical load in its different presentations.
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8
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Childers RC, Sunyecz I, West TA, Cismowski MJ, Lucchesi PA, Gooch KJ. Role of the cytoskeleton in the development of a hypofibrotic cardiac fibroblast phenotype in volume overload heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018; 316:H596-H608. [PMID: 30575422 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00095.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Hemodynamic load regulates cardiac remodeling. In contrast to pressure overload (increased afterload), hearts subjected to volume overload (VO; preload) undergo a distinct pattern of eccentric remodeling, chamber dilation, and decreased extracellular matrix content. Critical profibrotic roles of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs) in postinfarct remodeling and in response to pressure overload have been well established. Little is known about the CF phenotype in response to VO. The present study characterized the phenotype of primary cultures of CFs isolated from hearts subjected to 4 wk of VO induced by an aortocaval fistula. Compared with CFs isolated from sham hearts, VO CFs displayed a "hypofibrotic" phenotype, characterized by a ~50% decrease in the profibrotic phenotypic markers α-smooth muscle actin, connective tissue growth factor, and collagen type I, despite increased levels of profibrotic transforming growth factor-β1 and an intact canonical transforming growth factor-β signaling pathway. Actin filament dynamics were characterized, which regulate the CF phenotype in response to biomechanical signals. Actin polymerization was determined by the relative amounts of G-actin monomers versus F-actin. Compared with sham CFs, VO CFs displayed ~78% less F-actin and an increased G-actin-to-F-actin ratio (G/F ratio). In sham CFs, treatment with the Rho kinase inhibitor Y-27632 to increase the G/F ratio resulted in recapitulation of the hypofibrotic CF phenotype observed in VO CFs. Conversely, treatment of VO CFs with jasplakinolide to decrease the G/F ratio restored a more profibrotic response (>2.5-fold increase in α-smooth muscle actin, connective tissue growth factor, and collagen type I). NEW & NOTEWORTHY The present study is the first to describe a "hypofibrotic" phenotype of cardiac fibroblasts isolated from a volume overload model. Our results suggest that biomechanical regulation of actin microfilament stability and assembly is a critical mediator of cardiac fibroblast phenotypic modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel C Childers
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio.,The Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus, Ohio.,The Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio
| | - Ian Sunyecz
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio.,The Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus, Ohio
| | - T Aaron West
- The Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mary J Cismowski
- The Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus, Ohio
| | - Pamela A Lucchesi
- The Center for Cardiovascular Research, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital , Columbus, Ohio.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio
| | - Keith J Gooch
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio.,The Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University , Columbus, Ohio
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9
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El Hajj EC, El Hajj MC, Ninh VK, Bradley JM, Claudino MA, Gardner JD. Detrimental role of lysyl oxidase in cardiac remodeling. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2017; 109:17-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2017.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2017] [Revised: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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10
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Li Z, Singh S, Suryavanshi SV, Ding W, Shen X, Wijaya CS, Gao WD, McConnell BK. Force development and intracellular Ca 2+ in intact cardiac muscles from gravin mutant mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 807:117-126. [PMID: 28428008 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 04/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Gravin (AKAP12) is an A-kinase-anchoring-protein that scaffolds protein kinase A (PKA), β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR), protein phosphatase 2B and protein kinase C. Gravin facilitates β2-AR-dependent signal transduction through PKA to modulate cardiac excitation-contraction coupling and its removal positively affects cardiac contraction. Trabeculae from the right ventricles of gravin mutant (gravin-t/t) mice were employed for force determination. Simultaneously, corresponding intracellular Ca2+ transient ([Ca2+]i) were measured. Twitch force (Tf)-interval relationship, [Ca2+]i-interval relationship, and the rate of decay of post-extrasysolic potentiation (Rf) were also obtained. Western blot analysis were performed to correlate sarcomeric protein expression with alterations in calcium cycling between the WT and gravin-t/t hearts. Gravin-t/t muscles had similar developed force compared to WT muscles despite having lower [Ca2+]i at any given external Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]o). The time to peak force and peak [Ca2+]i were slower and the time to 75% relaxation was significantly prolonged in gravin-t/t muscles. Both Tf-interval and [Ca2+]i-interval relations were depressed in gravin-t/t muscles. Rf, however, did not change. Furthermore, Western blot analysis revealed decreased ryanodine receptor (RyR2) phosphorylation in gravin-t/t hearts. Gravin-t/t cardiac muscle exhibits increased force development in responsiveness to Ca2+. The Ca2+ cycling across the SR appears to be unaltered in gravin-t/t muscle. Our study suggests that gravin is an important component of cardiac contraction regulation via increasing myofilament sensitivity to calcium. Further elucidation of the mechanism can provide insights to role of gravin if any in the pathophysiology of impaired contractility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitao Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Sonal Singh
- Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Santosh V Suryavanshi
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wengang Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology of 2nd Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaoxu Shen
- Cardiology Department, Dongzhimen Hospital Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Cori S Wijaya
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Wei Dong Gao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1800 Orleans Street, Zaye Tower 6208, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
| | - Bradley K McConnell
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Texas Medical Center, Houston, TX, USA.
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Sedmera D, Neckar J, Benes J, Pospisilova J, Petrak J, Sedlacek K, Melenovsky V. Changes in Myocardial Composition and Conduction Properties in Rat Heart Failure Model Induced by Chronic Volume Overload. Front Physiol 2016; 7:367. [PMID: 27610087 PMCID: PMC4997968 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2016.00367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Volume overload leads to development of eccentric cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure. In our previous report, we have shown myocyte hypertrophy with no fibrosis and decrease in gap junctional coupling via connexin43 in a rat model of aorto-caval fistula at 21 weeks. Here we set to analyze the electrophysiological and protein expression changes in the left ventricle and correlate them with phenotypic severity based upon ventricles to body weight ratio. ECG analysis showed increased amplitude and duration of the P wave, prolongation of PR and QRS interval, ST segment elevation and decreased T wave amplitude in the fistula group. Optical mapping showed a prolongation of action potential duration in the hypertrophied hearts. Minimal conduction velocity (CV) showed a bell-shaped curve, with a significant increase in the mild cases and there was a negative correlation of both minimal and maximal CV with heart to body weight ratio. Since the CV is influenced by gap junctional coupling as well as the autonomic nervous system, we measured the amounts of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and choline acetyl transferase (ChAT) as a proxy for sympathetic and parasympathetic innervation, respectively. At the protein level, we confirmed a significant decrease in total and phosphorylated connexin43 that was proportional to the level of hypertrophy, and similarly decreased levels of TH and ChAT. Even at a single time-point, severity of morphological phenotype correlates with progression of molecular and electrophysiological changes, with the most hypertrophied hearts showing the most severe changes that might be related to arrhythmogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sedmera
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of SciencesPrague, Czech Republic; First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Charles University in PraguePrague, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Neckar
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of SciencesPrague, Czech Republic; Institute of Clinical and Experimental MedicinePrague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Benes
- Institute of Physiology, Czech Academy of SciencesPrague, Czech Republic; First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Charles University in PraguePrague, Czech Republic; Department of Radiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in PraguePrague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Pospisilova
- First Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathological Physiology, Charles University in Prague Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Petrak
- First Faculty of Medicine, Biotechnology and Biomedicine Center of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University in Vestec Vestec, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Sedlacek
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Medicine Prague, Czech Republic
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12
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Mouton AJ, Ninh VK, El Hajj EC, El Hajj MC, Gilpin NW, Gardner JD. Exposure to chronic alcohol accelerates development of wall stress and eccentric remodeling in rats with volume overload. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2016; 97:15-23. [PMID: 27107489 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2016.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Chronic alcohol abuse is one of the leading causes of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) in the United States. Volume overload (VO) also produces DCM characterized by left ventricular (LV) dilatation and reduced systolic and diastolic function, eventually progressing to congestive heart failure. For this study, we hypothesized that chronic alcohol exposure would exacerbate cardiac dysfunction and remodeling due to VO. Aortocaval fistula surgery was used to induce VO, and compensatory cardiac remodeling was allowed to progress for either 3days (acute) or 8weeks (chronic). Alcohol was administered via chronic intermittent ethanol vapor (EtOH) for 2weeks before the acute study and for the duration of the 8week chronic study. Temporal alterations in LV function were assessed by echocardiography. At the 8week end point, pressure-volume loop analysis was performed by LV catheterization and cardiac tissue collected. EtOH did not exacerbate LV dilatation (end-systolic and diastolic diameter) or systolic dysfunction (fractional shortening, ejection fraction) due to VO. The combined stress of EtOH and VO decreased the eccentric index (posterior wall thickness to end-diastolic diameter ratio), increased end-diastolic pressure (EDP), and elevated diastolic wall stress. VO also led to increases in posterior wall thickness, which was not observed in the VO+EtOH group, and wall thickness significantly correlated with LV BNP expression. VO alone led to increases in interstitial collagen staining (picrosirius red), which while not statistically significant, tended to be decreased by EtOH. VO increased LV collagen I protein expression, whereas in rats with VO+EtOH, LV collagen I was not elevated relative to Sham. The combination of VO and EtOH also led to increases in LV collagen III expression relative to Sham. Rats with VO+EtOH had significantly lower collagen I/III ratio than rats with VO alone. During the acute remodeling phase of VO (3days), VO significantly increased collagen III expression, whereas this effect was not observed in rats with VO+EtOH. In conclusion, chronic EtOH accelerates the development of elevated wall stress and promotes early eccentric remodeling in rats with VO. Our data indicate that these effects may be due to disruptions in compensatory hypertrophy and extracellular matrix remodeling in response to volume overload.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan J Mouton
- LSU Health Sciences Center, Department of Physiology, 1901 Perdido Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States.
| | - Van K Ninh
- LSU Health Sciences Center, Department of Physiology, 1901 Perdido Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States.
| | - Elia C El Hajj
- LSU Health Sciences Center, Department of Physiology, 1901 Perdido Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States.
| | - Milad C El Hajj
- LSU Health Sciences Center, Department of Physiology, 1901 Perdido Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States.
| | - Nicholas W Gilpin
- LSU Health Sciences Center, Department of Physiology, 1901 Perdido Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States.
| | - Jason D Gardner
- LSU Health Sciences Center, Department of Physiology, 1901 Perdido Street, New Orleans, LA 70112, United States.
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13
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El Hajj EC, El Hajj MC, Ninh VK, Gardner JD. Cardioprotective effects of lysyl oxidase inhibition against volume overload-induced extracellular matrix remodeling. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2015; 241:539-49. [PMID: 26582054 DOI: 10.1177/1535370215616511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of heart failure (HF) is adverse extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling, which is regulated by the collagen cross-linking enzyme, lysyl oxidase (LOX). In this study, we evaluate the efficacy of LOX inhibition to prevent adverse left ventricular (LV) remodeling and dysfunction using an experimental model of HF. Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to surgically induced volume overload (VO) by creation of aortocaval fistula (ACF). A LOX inhibitor, beta-aminopropionitrile (BAPN; 100 mg/kg/day), was administered to rats with ACF or sham surgery at eight weeks postsurgery. Echocardiography was used to assess progressive alterations in cardiac ventricular structure and function. Left ventricular (LV) catheterization was used to assess alterations in contractility, stiffness, LV pressure and volume, and other indices of cardiac function. The LV ECM alterations were assessed by: (a) histological staining of collagen, (b) protein expression of collagen types I and III, (c) hydroxyproline assay, and (d) cross-linking assay. LOX inhibition attenuated VO-induced increases in cardiac stress, and attenuated increases in interstitial myocardial collagen, total collagen, and protein levels of collagens I and III. Both echocardiography and catheterization measurements indicated improved cardiac function post-VO in BAPN treated rats vs. untreated. Inhibition of LOX attenuated VO-induced decreases in LV stiffness and cardiac function. Overall, our data indicate that LOX inhibition was cardioprotective in the volume overloaded heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elia C El Hajj
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Milad C El Hajj
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Van K Ninh
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
| | - Jason D Gardner
- Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA
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14
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Tsirkin VI, Nozdrachev AD, Korotaeva YV. The effect of histidine on the contractility and adrenoreactivity of the myocardium of nonpregnant and pregnant rats. DOKLADY BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SECTIONS 2015; 460:12-6. [PMID: 25773242 DOI: 10.1134/s0012496615010123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V I Tsirkin
- Kazan State Medical University, ul. Derendyaeva 50, Kirov, 610017, Russia,
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15
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Hutchinson KR, Saripalli C, Chung CS, Granzier H. Increased myocardial stiffness due to cardiac titin isoform switching in a mouse model of volume overload limits eccentric remodeling. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2015; 79:104-14. [PMID: 25450617 PMCID: PMC4302034 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2014] [Revised: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the cellular and molecular mechanisms of diastolic dysfunction in pure volume overload induced by aortocaval fistula (ACF) surgery in the mouse. Four weeks of volume overload resulted in significant biventricular hypertrophy; protein expression analysis in left ventricular (LV) tissue showed a marked decrease in titin's N2BA/N2B ratio with no change in phosphorylation of titin's spring region. Titin-based passive tensions were significantly increased; a result of the decreased N2BA/N2B ratio. Conscious echocardiography in ACF mice revealed eccentric remodeling and pressure volume analysis revealed systolic dysfunction: reductions in ejection fraction (EF), +dP/dt, and the slope of the end-systolic pressure volume relationships (ESPVR). ACF mice also had diastolic dysfunction: increased LV end-diastolic pressure and reduced relaxation rates. Additionally, a decrease in the slope of the end diastolic pressure volume relationship (EDPVR) was found. However, correcting for altered geometry of the LV normalized the change in EDPVR and revealed, in line with our skinned muscle data, increased myocardial stiffness in vivo. ACF mice also had increased expression of the signaling proteins FHL-1, FHL-2, and CARP that bind to titin's spring region suggesting that titin stiffening is important to the volume overload phenotype. To test this we investigated the effect of volume overload in the RBM20 heterozygous (HET) mouse model, which exhibits reduced titin stiffness. It was found that LV hypertrophy was attenuated and that LV eccentricity was exacerbated. We propose that pure volume overload induces an increase in titin stiffness that is beneficial and limits eccentric remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirk R Hutchinson
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Chandra Saripalli
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Charles S Chung
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA
| | - Henk Granzier
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA; Sarver Molecular Cardiovascular Research Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724, USA.
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16
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Tanwar V, Wold LE. Building stronger bridges in the heart through titin. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2014; 79:232-3. [PMID: 25483922 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2014.11.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2014] [Revised: 11/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vineeta Tanwar
- College of Nursing, College of Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Loren E Wold
- College of Nursing, College of Medicine, Dorothy M. Davis Heart and Lung Research Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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17
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Wilson K, Guggilam A, West TA, Zhang X, Trask AJ, Cismowski MJ, de Tombe P, Sadayappan S, Lucchesi PA. Effects of a myofilament calcium sensitizer on left ventricular systolic and diastolic function in rats with volume overload heart failure. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2014; 307:H1605-17. [PMID: 25260618 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00423.2014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Aortocaval fistula (ACF)-induced volume overload (VO) heart failure (HF) results in progressive left ventricular (LV) dysfunction. Hemodynamic load reversal during pre-HF (4 wk post-ACF; REV) results in rapid structural but delayed functional recovery. This study investigated myocyte and myofilament function in ACF and REV and tested the hypothesis that a myofilament Ca(2+) sensitizer would improve VO-induced myofilament dysfunction in ACF and REV. Following the initial sham or ACF surgery in male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-240 g) at week 0, REV surgery and experiments were performed at weeks 4 and 8, respectively. In ACF, decreased LV function is accompanied by impaired sarcomeric shortening and force generation and decreased Ca(2+) sensitivity, whereas, in REV, impaired LV function is accompanied by decreased Ca(2+) sensitivity. Intravenous levosimendan (Levo) elicited the best inotropic and lusitropic responses and was selected for chronic oral studies. Subsets of ACF and REV rats were given vehicle (water) or Levo (1 mg/kg) in drinking water from weeks 4-8. Levo improved systolic (% fractional shortening, end-systolic elastance, and preload-recruitable stroke work) and diastolic (τ, dP/dtmin) function in ACF and REV. Levo improved Ca(2+) sensitivity without altering the amplitude and kinetics of the intracellular Ca(2+) transient. In ACF-Levo, increased cMyBP-C Ser-273 and Ser-302 and cardiac troponin I Ser-23/24 phosphorylation correlated with improved diastolic relaxation, whereas, in REV-Levo, increased cMyBP-C Ser-273 phosphorylation and increased α-to-β-myosin heavy chain correlated with improved diastolic relaxation. We concluded that Levo improves LV function, and myofilament composition and regulatory protein phosphorylation likely play a key role in improving function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Wilson
- Center for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Veterinary Biosciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Anuradha Guggilam
- Center for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - T Aaron West
- Center for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- Center for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Aaron J Trask
- Center for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Mary J Cismowski
- Center for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Pieter de Tombe
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Pamela A Lucchesi
- Center for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio;
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18
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Tsirkin VI, Nozdrachev AD, Korotaeva YV. An endogenous sensitizer of β adrenergic receptors and its analogs attenuate the inhibition of β adrenergic receptors by propranolol and atenolol in the rat myocardium. DOKLADY BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES : PROCEEDINGS OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE USSR, BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES SECTIONS 2014; 456:169-72. [PMID: 24985507 DOI: 10.1134/s001249661403017x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- V I Tsirkin
- Kazan State Medical University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia,
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19
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Wilson K, Lucchesi PA. Myofilament dysfunction as an emerging mechanism of volume overload heart failure. Pflugers Arch 2014; 466:1065-77. [PMID: 24488008 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-014-1455-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2014] [Revised: 01/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two main hemodynamic overload mechanisms [i.e., volume and pressure overload (VO and PO, respectively] result in heart failure (HF), and these two mechanisms have divergent pathologic alterations and different pathophysiological mechanisms. Extensive evidence from animal models and human studies of PO demonstrate a clear association with alterations in Ca(2+) homeostasis. By contrast, emerging evidence from animal models and patients with regurgitant valve disease and dilated cardiomyopathy point toward a more prominent role of myofilament dysfunction. With respect to VO HF, key features of excitation-contraction coupling defects, myofilament dysfunction, and extracellular matrix composition will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Wilson
- Center for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research and The Heart Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
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20
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Gao X, Lin B, Sadayappan S, Patel TB. Interactions between the regulatory subunit of type I protein kinase A and p90 ribosomal S6 kinase1 regulate cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Mol Pharmacol 2013; 85:357-67. [PMID: 24307699 DOI: 10.1124/mol.113.090613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte apoptosis contributes toward the loss of muscle mass in myocardial pathologies. Previous reports have implicated type I cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) and p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK) in cardiomyocyte apoptosis. However, the precise mechanisms and the isoform of RSK involved in this process remain undefined. Using adult rat ventricular myocytes and mouse-derived cardiac HL-1 cardiomyocytes, we demonstrate that hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-induced apoptosis is accompanied by a decrease in the type I PKA regulatory subunit (PKARIα) and activation of RSK1. As previously described by us for other cell types, in cardiomyocytes, inactive RSK1 also interacts with PKARIα, whereas the active RSK1 interacts with the catalytic subunit of PKA. Additionally, small interfering (siRNA)-mediated silencing of PKARIα or disrupting the RSK1/PKARIα interactions with a small, cell-permeable peptide activates RSK1 and recapitulates the H/R-induced apoptosis. Inhibition of RSK1 or siRNA-mediated silencing of RSK1 attenuates H/R-induced apoptosis, demonstrating the role of RSK1 in cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Furthermore, silencing of RSK1 decreases the H/R-induced phosphorylation of sodium-hydrogen exchanger 1 (NHE1), and inhibition of NHE1 with 5'-N-ethyl-N-isopropyl-amiloride blocks H/R induced apoptosis, indicating the involvement of NHE1 in apoptosis. Overall, our findings demonstrate that H/R-mediated decrease in PKARIα protein levels leads to activation of RSK1, which via phosphorylation of NHE1 induces cardiomyocyte apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlong Gao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Signal Transduction Research Institute (X.G., T.B.P.), and the Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology (B.L., S.S.), Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
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21
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Thoemmes SF, Stutzke CA, Du Y, Browning MD, Buttrick PM, Walker LA. Characterization and validation of new tools for measuring site-specific cardiac troponin I phosphorylation. J Immunol Methods 2013; 403:66-71. [PMID: 24291343 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2013.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 11/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of cardiac troponin I is a well established mechanism by which cardiac contractility is modulated. However, there are a number of phosphorylation sites on TnI which contribute singly or in combination to influence cardiac function. Accordingly, methods for accurately measuring site-specific TnI phosphorylation are needed. Currently, two strategies are employed: mass spectrometry, which is costly, difficult and has a low throughput; and Western blotting using phospho-specific antibodies, which is limited by the availability of reagents. In this report, we describe a cohort of new site-specific TnI phosphoantibodies, generated against physiologically relevant phosphorylation sites, that are superior to the current commercially available antibodies: to phospho-serine 22/23 which shows a >5-fold phospho-specificity for phosphorylated TnI; to phospho-serine 43, which has >3-fold phospho-specificity for phosphorylated TnI; and phospho-serine 150 which has >2-fold phospho-specificity for phosphorylated TnI. These new antibodies demonstrated greater sensitivity and specificity for the phosphorylated TnI than the most widely used commercially available reagents. For example, at a protein load of 20 μg of total cardiac extract, a commercially available antibody recognized both phosphorylated and dephosphorylated TnI to the same degree. At the same protein load our phospho-serine 22/23 antibody exhibited no cross-reactivity with dephosphorylated TnI. These new tools should allow a more accurate assessment and a better understanding of the role of TnI phosphorylation in the response of the heart to pathologic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen F Thoemmes
- University of Colorado Denver, Dept. of Medicine/Cardiology, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Crystal A Stutzke
- PhosphoSolutions, Colorado Bioscience Park, 12635 East Montview Blvd., # 213, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Yanmei Du
- University of Colorado Denver, Dept. of Medicine/Cardiology, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Michael D Browning
- PhosphoSolutions, Colorado Bioscience Park, 12635 East Montview Blvd., # 213, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Peter M Buttrick
- University of Colorado Denver, Dept. of Medicine/Cardiology, Aurora, CO 80045, United States
| | - Lori A Walker
- University of Colorado Denver, Dept. of Medicine/Cardiology, Aurora, CO 80045, United States.
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22
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Enhanced cardiac function in Gravin mutant mice involves alterations in the β-adrenergic receptor signaling cascade. PLoS One 2013. [PMID: 24058627 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074784.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gravin, an A-kinase anchoring protein, targets protein kinase A (PKA), protein kinase C (PKC), calcineurin and other signaling molecules to the beta2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR). Gravin mediates desensitization/resensitization of the receptor by facilitating its phosphorylation by PKA and PKC. The role of gravin in β-AR mediated regulation of cardiac function is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of acute β-AR stimulation on cardiac contractility in mice lacking functional gravin. Using echocardiographic analysis, we observed that contractility parameters such as left ventricular fractional shortening and ejection fraction were increased in gravin mutant (gravin-t/t) animals lacking functional protein compared to wild-type (WT) animals both at baseline and following acute isoproterenol (ISO) administration. In isolated gravin-t/t cardiomyocytes, we observed increased cell shortening fraction and decreased intracellular Ca(2+) in response to 1 µmol/L ISO stimulation. These physiological responses occurred in the presence of decreased β2-AR phosphorylation in gravin-t/t hearts, where PKA-dependent β2-AR phosphorylation has been shown to lead to receptor desensitization. cAMP production, PKA activity and phosphorylation of phospholamban and troponin I was comparable in WT and gravin-t/t hearts both with and without ISO stimulation. However, cardiac myosin binding protein C (cMyBPC) phosphorylation site at position 273 was significantly increased in gravin-t/t versus WT hearts, in the absence of ISO. Additionally, the cardioprotective heat shock protein 20 (Hsp20) was significantly more phosphorylated in gravin-t/t versus WT hearts, in response to ISO. Our results suggest that disruption of gravin's scaffold mediated signaling is able to increase baseline cardiac function as well as to augment contractility in response to acute β-AR stimulation by decreasing β2-AR phosphorylation and thus attenuating receptor desensitization and perhaps by altering PKA localization to increase the phosphorylation of cMyBPC and the nonclassical PKA substrate Hsp20.
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Guillory AN, Yin X, Wijaya CS, Diaz Diaz AC, Rababa’h A, Singh S, Atrooz F, Sadayappan S, McConnell BK. Enhanced cardiac function in Gravin mutant mice involves alterations in the β-adrenergic receptor signaling cascade. PLoS One 2013; 8:e74784. [PMID: 24058627 PMCID: PMC3776749 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0074784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 08/07/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gravin, an A-kinase anchoring protein, targets protein kinase A (PKA), protein kinase C (PKC), calcineurin and other signaling molecules to the beta2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR). Gravin mediates desensitization/resensitization of the receptor by facilitating its phosphorylation by PKA and PKC. The role of gravin in β-AR mediated regulation of cardiac function is unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of acute β-AR stimulation on cardiac contractility in mice lacking functional gravin. Using echocardiographic analysis, we observed that contractility parameters such as left ventricular fractional shortening and ejection fraction were increased in gravin mutant (gravin-t/t) animals lacking functional protein compared to wild-type (WT) animals both at baseline and following acute isoproterenol (ISO) administration. In isolated gravin-t/t cardiomyocytes, we observed increased cell shortening fraction and decreased intracellular Ca2+ in response to 1 µmol/L ISO stimulation. These physiological responses occurred in the presence of decreased β2-AR phosphorylation in gravin-t/t hearts, where PKA-dependent β2-AR phosphorylation has been shown to lead to receptor desensitization. cAMP production, PKA activity and phosphorylation of phospholamban and troponin I was comparable in WT and gravin-t/t hearts both with and without ISO stimulation. However, cardiac myosin binding protein C (cMyBPC) phosphorylation site at position 273 was significantly increased in gravin-t/t versus WT hearts, in the absence of ISO. Additionally, the cardioprotective heat shock protein 20 (Hsp20) was significantly more phosphorylated in gravin-t/t versus WT hearts, in response to ISO. Our results suggest that disruption of gravin’s scaffold mediated signaling is able to increase baseline cardiac function as well as to augment contractility in response to acute β-AR stimulation by decreasing β2-AR phosphorylation and thus attenuating receptor desensitization and perhaps by altering PKA localization to increase the phosphorylation of cMyBPC and the nonclassical PKA substrate Hsp20.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley N. Guillory
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston Texas Medical Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Xing Yin
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston Texas Medical Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Cori S. Wijaya
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston Texas Medical Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Andrea C. Diaz Diaz
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston Texas Medical Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Abeer Rababa’h
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston Texas Medical Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sonal Singh
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston Texas Medical Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Fatin Atrooz
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston Texas Medical Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Physiology, Stritch School of Medicine, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Bradley K. McConnell
- Department of Pharmacological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Houston Texas Medical Center, Houston, Texas, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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Zhuo L, Liu Q, Liu L, Sun TY, Wang RS, Qu GQ, Liu Q, Liu Y, Ren L. Roles of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-induced alteration of connexin43 and intracellular Ca(2+) oscillation in its cardiotoxicity. Toxicology 2013; 310:61-72. [PMID: 23747752 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2013.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2013] [Revised: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 05/28/2013] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Although it is well known that 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) can cause various cardiovascular abnormalities and even sudden death from cardiac arrhythmia, whether it has any effect on myocardial gap junctions, which might be one of the targets mediating MDMA-induced cardiotoxicity, remains unclear. OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that MDMA may affect the myocardial gap junction protein connexin43 (Cx43) and induce cardiac dysrhythmia. METHOD (1) In vivo study: adult rats were treated with a single dose MDMA administration (20mg/kg, i.p.). Electrocardiogram detection and immunohistochemical analysis were performed to evaluate cardiac function and expression of Cx43, respectively; (2) in vitro study: cultured ventricular myocytes of neonatal rats were treated with MDMA (10, 100, 1000μmol/L) for 1h. Western blotting and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) were performed to investigate the total Cx43 mRNA expression. Immunofluorescent analysis was used to evaluate the amount of junctional Cx43. The phosphorylation status of Cx43 at site Ser368 and intracellular Ca(2+) oscillation were also studied. RESULTS Obvious changes in electrocardiographic patterns were found in rats following MDMA administration. They were characterized by prolonged QRS duration associated with increased amplitude of QRS complex. The heart rates in treated rats were significantly decreased compared to the rats in the control group. The immunohistochemical findings revealed a significant decrease in Cx43 expression. The in vitro study also showed a marked decline in total Cx43 protein associated with reduction of Cx43 mRNA, whereas the phosphorylated Cx43 at Ser368 was increased. Decrease of junctional Cx43 was found correlated with reduction in N-cadherin induced by high concentration of MDMA. Additionally, confocal microscopy findings revealed alteration of intracellular calcium oscillation patterns characterized by high frequency and increasing influx Ca(2+). CONCLUSIONS MDMA reduces expression of cardiac gap junction protein Cx43. The increase of phosphorylation status of Cx43 at Ser368 induced by MDMA is attributed, at least in part, to the Ca(2+)-dependent regulation of protein kinase C (PKC) activity. Our findings provide first evidence of MDMA-mediated changes in those cardiac gap junctions that may underlie MDMA-induced cardiac arrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luo Zhuo
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
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