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Yaacoub S, Boudaka A, AlKhatib A, Pintus G, Sahebkar A, Kobeissy F, Eid AH. The pharmaco-epigenetics of hypertension: a focus on microRNA. Mol Cell Biochem 2024:10.1007/s11010-024-04947-9. [PMID: 38424404 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-024-04947-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Hypertension is a major harbinger of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It predisposes to higher rates of myocardial infarction, chronic kidney failure, stroke, and heart failure than most other risk factors. By 2025, the prevalence of hypertension is projected to reach 1.5 billion people. The pathophysiology of this disease is multifaceted, as it involves nitric oxide and endothelin dysregulation, reactive oxygen species, vascular smooth muscle proliferation, and vessel wall calcification, among others. With the advent of new biomolecular techniques, various studies have elucidated a gaping hole in the etiology and mechanisms of hypertension. Indeed, epigenetics, DNA methylation, histone modification, and microRNA-mediated translational silencing appear to play crucial roles in altering the molecular phenotype into a hypertensive profile. Here, we critically review the experimentally determined associations between microRNA (miRNA) molecules and hypertension pharmacotherapy. Particular attention is given to the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the physiological responses to antihypertensive drugs like candesartan, and other relevant drugs like clopidogrel, aspirin, and statins among others. Furthermore, how miRNA affects the pharmaco-epigenetics of hypertension is especially highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serge Yaacoub
- Faculty of Medicine, American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Ammar Boudaka
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ali AlKhatib
- Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Lebanese International University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Gianfranco Pintus
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, Viale San Pietro, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Firas Kobeissy
- Department of Neurobiology, Center for Neurotrauma, Multiomics and Biomarkers (CNMB), Morehouse School of Medicine, Neuroscience Institute, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Ali H Eid
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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2
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Li GJ, Yang QH, Yang GK, Yang G, Hou Y, Hou LJ, Li ZX, Du LJ. MiR-125b and SATB1-AS1 might be shear stress-mediated therapeutic targets. Gene 2023; 857:147181. [PMID: 36623676 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2023.147181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to explore the potential molecular mechanism associated with shear stress on abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) progression. This study performed RNA sequencing on AAA patients (SQ), AAA patients after endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR, SH), and normal controls (NC). Furthermore, we identified the differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs), long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), and circular RNA (cirRNAs) and constructed competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) networks. Finally, 164 differentially expressed miRNAs, 179 co-differentially expressed lncRNAs, and 440 co-differentially expressed circRNAs among the three groups were obtained. The differentially expressed miRNAs mainly enriched in 325 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways. Target genes associated with co-differentially expressed genes among the group of SH, SQ, and NC mainly enriched in 66 KEGG pathways. LncRNA-miRNA-mRNA interactions, including 15 lncRNAs, 63 miRNAs and 57 mRNAs, was constructed. CircRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network included 79 circRNAs, 21 miRNAs, and 49 mRNAs. Among them, KLRC2 and CSTF1, targeted by miR-125b, participated in cell-mediated immunity regulation. MiR-320-related circRNAs and SATB1-AS1 serving as the sponge of miRNAs, such as has-circ-0129245, has-circ-0138746, and has-circ-0139786, were hub genes in ceRNA network. In conclusion, AAA patients might be benefit from EVAR based on various pathways and some molecules, such as miR-125b and SATB1-AS1, related with shear stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Jian Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Qiong-Hui Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical, The Third People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming 650011, Yunnan, China
| | - Guo-Kai Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Guang Yang
- Department of Radiology, the First People's Hospital of Anning, China
| | - Yi Hou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Li-Juan Hou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhao-Xiang Li
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650021, Yunnan, China
| | - Ling-Juan Du
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Yunnan University, Kunming 650021, Yunnan, China.
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Identification of Novel Circulating miRNAs in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063387. [PMID: 35328807 PMCID: PMC8955546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Ischemic strokes are associated with significant morbidity and mortality, but currently there are no reliable prognostic or diagnostic blood biomarkers. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate various molecular pathways and may be used as biomarkers. Using RNA-Seq, we conducted comprehensive circulating miRNA profiling in patients with ischemic stroke compared with healthy controls. Samples were collected within 24 h of clinical diagnosis. Stringent analysis criteria of discovery (46 cases and 95 controls) and validation (47 cases and 96 controls) cohorts led to the identification of 10 differentially regulated miRNAs, including 5 novel miRNAs, with potential diagnostic significance. Hsa-miR-451a was the most significantly upregulated miRNA (FC; 4.8, FDR; 3.78 × 10−85), while downregulated miRNAs included hsa-miR-574-5p and hsa-miR-142-3p, among others. Importantly, we computed a multivariate classifier based on the identified miRNA panel to differentiate between ischemic stroke patients and healthy controls, which showed remarkably high sensitivity (0.94) and specificity (0.99). The area under the ROC curve was 0.97 and it is superior to other current available biomarkers. Moreover, in samples collected one month following stroke, we found sustained upregulation of hsa-miR-451a and downregulation of another 5 miRNAs. Lastly, we report 3 miRNAs that were significantly associated with poor clinical outcomes of stroke, as defined by the modified Rankin scores. The clinical translation of the identified miRNA panel may be explored further.
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Wang C, Xing C, Li Z, Liu Y, Li Q, Wang Y, Hu J, Yuan L, Yang G. Bioinspired therapeutic platform based on extracellular vesicles for prevention of arterial wall remodeling in hypertension. Bioact Mater 2021; 8:494-504. [PMID: 34541415 PMCID: PMC8427223 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial stiffness due to the vessel remodeling is closely linked to raised blood pressure, and its physiopathologic mechanism is still not fully understood. We here aimed to explore whether extracellular vesicle (EV) mediated intercellular communication between endothelium and smooth muscle cell contribute to the blood vessel remodeling under hypertension. We here revealed that the arterial endothelial cells robustly secreted EV, which in turn could be circulated and/or directly taken up by the subendothelial smooth muscle cells (SMC). Under hypertension, the EV secretion increased and the miRNA profile changed significantly mainly due to the raised mechanical force and subsequent enhanced reactive oxygen species generation. Among the miRNA cargos in the EV, miR-320d/423-5p were found increased most significantly. In vivo delivery of miR-320d/423-5p mimics via engineered EV increased their expression in arterial vessels, recapitulating the phenotype in hypertension. In contrast, therapeutic delivery of miR-320d/423-5p inhibitors via engineered EV alleviated the phenotype in spontaneous hypertension rat model. Together, we have found that the injured endothelium due to the raised mechanical force in hypertension contributes to the arterial wall remodeling via the secreted EV. Our study has not only provided novel insights on the mechanism of hypertension associated blood vessel wall remodeling, but also shed light on therapeutic intervention of hypertension associated vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Changyang Xing
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhelong Li
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunnan Liu
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaoying Li
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Yixiao Wang
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiao Hu
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Yuan
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, People's Republic of China
| | - Guodong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, People's Republic of China
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Na J, Jin H, Wang X, Huang K, Sun S, Li Q, Zhang W. The crosstalk of HDAC3, microRNA-18a and ADRB3 in the progression of heart failure. Cell Biosci 2021; 11:31. [PMID: 33549119 PMCID: PMC7866688 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-020-00523-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heart failure (HF) is a clinical syndrome characterized by left ventricular dysfunction or elevated intracardiac pressures. Research supports that microRNAs (miRs) participate in HF by regulating targeted genes. Hence, the current study set out to study the role of HDAC3-medaited miR-18a in HF by targeting ADRB3. METHODS Firstly, HF mouse models were established by ligation of the left coronary artery at the lower edge of the left atrial appendage, and HF cell models were generated in the cardiomyocytes, followed by ectopic expression and silencing experiments. Numerous parameters including left ventricular posterior wall dimension (LVPWD), interventricular septal dimension (IVSD), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LEVDP), heart rate (HR), left ventricular pressure rise rate (+ dp/dt) and left ventricular pressure drop rate (-dp/dt) were measured in the mice. In addition, apoptosis in the mice was detected by means of TUNEL staining, while RT-qPCR and Western blot analysis were performed to detect miR-18a, HDAC3, ADRB3, cMyb, MMP-9, Collagen 1 and TGF-β1 expression patterns. Dual luciferase reporter assay validated the targeting relationship between ADRB3 and miR-18a. Cardiomyocyte apoptosis was determined by means of flow cytometry. RESULTS HDAC3 and ADRB3 were up-regulated and miR-18a was down-regulated in HF mice and cardiomyocytes. In addition, HDAC3 could reduce the miR-18a expression, and ADRB3 was negatively-targeted by miR-18a. After down-regulation of HDAC3 or ADRB3 or over-expression of miR-18a, IVSD, LVEDD, LVESD and LEVDP were found to be decreased but LVPWD, LVEF, LVFS, LVSP, + dp/dt, and -dp/dt were all increased in the HF mice, whereas fibrosis, hypertrophy and apoptosis of HF cardiomyocytes were declined. CONCLUSION Collectively, our findings indicate that HDAC3 silencing confers protection against HF by inhibiting miR-18a-targeted ADRB3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtao Na
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, No. 27, Taishun Street, Tiefeng District, Qiqihar, 161099, Heilongjiang Province, P.R. China.
| | - Haifeng Jin
- Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161006, P.R. China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, No. 27, Taishun Street, Tiefeng District, Qiqihar, 161099, Heilongjiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Kan Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, No. 27, Taishun Street, Tiefeng District, Qiqihar, 161099, Heilongjiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Shuang Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, No. 27, Taishun Street, Tiefeng District, Qiqihar, 161099, Heilongjiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, No. 27, Taishun Street, Tiefeng District, Qiqihar, 161099, Heilongjiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Wenting Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, 161099, P.R. China
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Mori MA, Ludwig RG, Garcia-Martin R, Brandão BB, Kahn CR. Extracellular miRNAs: From Biomarkers to Mediators of Physiology and Disease. Cell Metab 2019; 30:656-673. [PMID: 31447320 PMCID: PMC6774861 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 489] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
miRNAs can be found in serum and other body fluids and serve as biomarkers for disease. More importantly, secreted miRNAs, especially those in extracellular vesicles (EVs) such as exosomes, may mediate paracrine and endocrine communication between different tissues and thus modulate gene expression and the function of distal cells. When impaired, these processes can lead to tissue dysfunction, aging, and disease. Adipose tissue is an especially important contributor to the pool of circulating exosomal miRNAs. As a result, alterations in adipose tissue mass or function, which occur in many metabolic conditions, can lead to changes in circulating miRNAs, which then function systemically. Here we review the findings that led to these conclusions and discuss how this sets the stage for new lines of investigation in which extracellular miRNAs are recognized as important mediators of intercellular communication and potential candidates for therapy of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo A Mori
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| | - Raissa G Ludwig
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ruben Garcia-Martin
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bruna B Brandão
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Ronald Kahn
- Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Arif M, Sadayappan S, Becker RC, Martin LJ, Urbina EM. Epigenetic modification: a regulatory mechanism in essential hypertension. Hypertens Res 2019; 42:1099-1113. [PMID: 30867575 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-019-0248-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 01/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Essential hypertension (EH) is a multifactorial disease of the cardiovascular system that is influenced by the interplay of genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. The molecular dynamics underlying EH etiopathogenesis is unknown; however, earlier studies have revealed EH-associated genetic variants. Nevertheless, this finding alone is not sufficient to explain the variability in blood pressure, suggesting that other risk factors are involved, such as epigenetic modifications. Therefore, this review highlights the potential contribution of well-defined epigenetic mechanisms in EH, specifically, DNA methylation, post-translational histone modifications, and microRNAs. We further emphasize global and gene-specific DNA methylation as one of the most well-studied hallmarks among all epigenetic modifications in EH. In addition, post-translational histone modifications, such as methylation, acetylation, and phosphorylation, are described as important epigenetic markers associated with EH. Finally, we discuss microRNAs that affect blood pressure by regulating master genes such as those implicated in the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system. These epigenetic modifications, which appear to contribute to various cardiovascular diseases, including EH, may be a promising research area for the development of novel future strategies for EH prevention and therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Arif
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA.,Division of Preventive Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Sakthivel Sadayappan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Richard C Becker
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Heart, Lung and Vascular Institute, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45267, USA
| | - Lisa J Martin
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Elaine M Urbina
- Division of Preventive Cardiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
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8
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Affiliation(s)
- Gengze Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
| | - Pedro A. Jose
- Division of Renal Disease & Hypertension, Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology/Physiology.The George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC
| | - Chunyu Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Daping Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, P.R. China
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Donaldson CJ, Lao KH, Zeng L. The salient role of microRNAs in atherogenesis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 122:98-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2018] [Revised: 08/05/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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10
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Lee PH. Adjusted analysis. J Mol Cell Cardiol 2018; 120:28-30. [PMID: 29777690 DOI: 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Paul H Lee
- The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China.
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11
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Klimov LO, Seryapina AA, Zarytova VF, Levina AS, Markel AL. Antisense oligonucleotides for the arterial hypertension mechanisms study and therapy. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genet Selektsii 2018. [DOI: 10.18699/vj18.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases in adults all over the world. This pathology can not only reduce patients’ life quality, but can also be accompanied by a number of complications. Despite the fact that there is a large group of antihypertensive drugs on the market, mainly representing different combinations of inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system, adrenoreceptor blockers in combination with diuretics, there is no generally accepted “gold standard” for drugs that would not have side effects. The review discusses the main aspects of antisense oligonucleotides use in the context of arterial hypertension. It is well known that the medical implementation of antisense oligonucleotides aims to block the expression of particular genes involved in the pathology development, and a key advantage of this technique is a high selectivity of the effect. However, with the undoubted advantages of the method, there are difficulties in its application, related both to the properties of the oligonucleotides themselves (insufficient stability and poor penetration into cells), and to the variety of mechanisms of the origin of a particular pathology, arterial hypertension, in our case. The review provides a brief description of the main molecular targets for antisense treatment of hypertensive disease. The newest targets for therapy with oligonucleotides – microRNAs – are discussed. The main modifications of antisense nucleotides, designed to increase the duration of their effects and simplify the delivery of this type of drugs to the targets are discussed, in particular, combining antisense oligonucleotides with adenovirus-based expression vectors. Particular attention is given to antisense oligonucleotides in the complex with nanoparticles. The review discusses the results of the use of titanium dioxide (TiO2) containing antisense nanocomposites for the angiotensin converting enzyme in rats with stress induced arterial hypertension (ISIAH). It was shown that the use of antisense oligonucleotides continues to be a promising technique for studying the mechanisms of various forms of hypertensive disease and has a high potential for therapeutic use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A. A. Seryapina
- Novosibirsk State University; Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS
| | - V. F. Zarytova
- Novosibirsk State University; Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS
| | - A. S. Levina
- Novosibirsk State University; Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS
| | - A. L. Markel
- Novosibirsk State University; Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS
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13
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Song CL, Liu B, Diao HY, Shi YF, Zhang JC, Li YX, Liu N, Yu YP, Wang G, Wang JP, Li Q. Down-regulation of microRNA-320 suppresses cardiomyocyte apoptosis and protects against myocardial ischemia and reperfusion injury by targeting IGF-1. Oncotarget 2018; 7:39740-39757. [PMID: 27175593 PMCID: PMC5129967 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is an important regulator of cardiomyocyte homeostasis and cardiac structure, and the prosurvival and antiapoptotic effects of IGF-1 have been investigated. However, the effect of microRNA-320 (miR-320) in ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) by targeting IGF-1 is rarely discussed. We investigated the role of miR-320 in I/R injury. A total of 192 healthy female Wistar rats were divided into eight groups (n = 24). Rat heart I/R model was established. Hemodynamics, infarct size weight (ISW), heart function, and rat cardiomyocyte apoptosis were measured. Hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) in rat cardiomyocyte was used to simulate the I/R process. The mRNA levels of miR-320 and IGF-1, and proteins levels of IGF-1, IGF-1R, p-IGF-1R, p-ASK1, p-JNK, p-p38, Bcl-2, Bax and Caspase-3 were measured. In vivo inhibition of miR-320 expression significantly increased IGF-1 and IGF-1R mRNA levels, elevated the absolute values of SBP, DBP, MAP, ± dp/dtmax, LVEF and LVFS, decreased ISW, LVESD and LVEDd and the number of TUNEL positive cells, lowered the levels of p-ASK1, p-JNK, p-p38, Bax and Caspase-3 and increased expression of Bcl-2 compared to the I/R + NC group. Compared to H/R + NC group in vitro, miR-320 inhibition increased IGF-1 mRNA levels, inhibited cardiomyocyte apoptosis, down-regulated p-ASK, p-JNK, p-p38, Bax and Caspase-3 levels, and up-regulated Bcl-2 level. MiR-320 inhibition target elevated IGF-1 mRNA and protein levels, suppress early cardiomyocyte apoptosis of I/R, and inhibited ASK1-JNK/p38 pathway, which provides a new target for clinical study of I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Li Song
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Ying Diao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Yong-Feng Shi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Ji-Chang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Yang-Xue Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Ning Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Peng Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Guan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Peng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, P. R. China
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14
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Wang Y, Zhang F, Liu Y, Yin S, Pang X, Li Z, Wei Z. Nebivolol alleviates aortic remodeling through eNOS upregulation and inhibition of oxidative stress in l-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. Clin Exp Hypertens 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2017.1306539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, ShanXi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, ShanXi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, ShanXi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sha Yin
- Department of Pharmacology, ShanXi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuefen Pang
- Department of Physiology, ShanXi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhidong Li
- Department of Pharmacology, ShanXi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zehui Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, ShanXi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, People’s Republic of China
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15
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Verjans R, van Bilsen M, Schroen B. MiRNA Deregulation in Cardiac Aging and Associated Disorders. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 334:207-263. [PMID: 28838539 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2017.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of age-related diseases is increasing dramatically, among which cardiac disease represents the leading cause of death. Aging of the heart is characterized by various molecular and cellular hallmarks impairing both cardiomyocytes and noncardiomyocytes, and resulting in functional deteriorations of the cardiac system. The aging process includes desensitization of β-adrenergic receptor (βAR)-signaling and decreased calcium handling, altered growth signaling and cardiac hypertrophy, mitochondrial dysfunction and impaired autophagy, increased programmed cell death, low-grade inflammation of noncanonical inflammatory cells, and increased ECM deposition. MiRNAs play a fundamental role in regulating the processes underlying these detrimental changes in the cardiac system, indicating that MiRNAs are crucially involved in aging. Among others, MiR-34, MiR-146a, and members of the MiR-17-92 cluster, are deregulated during senescence and drive cardiac aging processes. It is therefore suggested that MiRNAs form possible therapeutic targets to stabilize the aged failing myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Verjans
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marc van Bilsen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Blanche Schroen
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
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miR-181b regulates vascular stiffness age dependently in part by regulating TGF-β signaling. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0174108. [PMID: 28323879 PMCID: PMC5360327 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0174108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening play major roles in cardiovascular diseases. The critical role for the miR-181 family in vascular inflammation has been documented. Here we tested whether the miR-181 family can influence the pathogenesis of hypertension and vascular stiffening. METHODS AND RESULTS qPCR data showed a significant decrease in miR-181b expression in the aorta of the older mice. Eight miR-181a1/b1-/- mice and wild types (C57BL6J:WT) were followed weekly for pulse wave velocity (PWV) and blood pressure measurements. After 20 weeks, the mice were tested for endothelial function and aortic modulus. There was a progressive increase in PWV and higher systolic blood pressure in miR-181a1/b1-/- mice compared with WTs. At 21 weeks, aortic modulus was significantly greater in the miR-181a1/b1-/- group, and serum TGF-β was found to be elevated at this time. A luciferase reporter assay confirmed miR-181b targets TGF-βi (TGF-β induced) in the aortic VSMCs. In contrast, wire myography revealed unaltered endothelial function along with higher nitric oxide production in the miR-181a1/b1-/- group. Cultured VECs and VSMCs from the mouse aorta showed more secreted TGF-β in VSMCs of the miR-181a1/b1-/- group; whereas, no change was observed from VECs. Circulating levels of angiotensin II were similar in both groups. Treatment with losartan (0.6 g/L) prevented the increase in PWV, blood pressure, and vascular stiffness in miR-181a1/b1-/- mice. Immunohistochemistry and western blot for p-SMAD2/3 validated the inhibitory effect of losartan on TGF-β signaling in miR-181a1/b1-/- mice. CONCLUSIONS Decreased miR-181b with aging plays a critical role in ECM remodeling by removing the brake on the TGF-β, pSMAD2/3 pathway.
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Ling S, Zhong G, Sun W, Liang F, Wu F, Li H, Li Y, Zhao D, Song J, Jin X, Wu X, Song H, Li Q, Li Y, Chen S, Xiong J, Li Y. Circulating microRNAs Correlated with Bone Loss Induced by 45 Days of Bed Rest. Front Physiol 2017; 8:69. [PMID: 28261104 PMCID: PMC5306370 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to find the circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) co-related with bone loss induced by bed rest, and testify whether the selected miRNAs could reflect the bone mineral status of human after bed-rest. We analyzed plasma miRNA levels of 16 subjects after 45 days of −6° head-down tilt bed rest, which is a reliable model for the simulation of microgravity. We characterize the circulating miRNA profile in individuals after bed rest and identify circulating miRNAs which can best reflect the level of bone loss induced by bed rest. Expression profiling of circulating miRNA revealed significant downregulation of 37 miRNAs and upregulation of 2 miRNAs, while only 11 of the downregulated miRNAs were further validated in a larger volunteer cohort using qPCR. We found that 10 of these 11 miRNAs (miR-103, 130a, 1234, 1290, 151-5p, 151-3p, 199a-3p, 20a, 363, and 451a) had ROC curve that distinguished the status after bed rest. Importantly, significant positive correlations were identified between bone loss parameters and several miRNAs, eventually miR-1234 showed clinical significance in detecting the bone loss of individuals after 45 days of bed rest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shukuan Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing, China
| | - Guohui Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing, China
| | - Weijia Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing, China
| | - Fengji Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China; Laboratory of Longitudinal Integration of Individual Life Data, Space Institute of Southern ChinaShenzhen, China
| | - Feng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing, China
| | - Hongxing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang, China
| | - Yuheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing, China
| | - Dingsheng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing, China
| | - Jinping Song
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing, China
| | - Xiaorui Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing, China
| | - Hailin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China; Key Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Hebei Normal UniversityShijiazhuang, China
| | - Qi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing, China
| | - Yinghui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China; Laboratory of Longitudinal Integration of Individual Life Data, Space Institute of Southern ChinaShenzhen, China
| | - Shanguang Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Human Factors Engineering, China Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing, China
| | - Jianghui Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training CenterBeijing, China; Laboratory of Longitudinal Integration of Individual Life Data, Space Institute of Southern ChinaShenzhen, China
| | - Yingxian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Space Medicine Fundamentals and Application, China Astronaut Research and Training Center Beijing, China
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Danielson KM, Rubio R, Abderazzaq F, Das S, Wang YE. High Throughput Sequencing of Extracellular RNA from Human Plasma. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0164644. [PMID: 28060806 PMCID: PMC5218574 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The presence and relative stability of extracellular RNAs (exRNAs) in biofluids has led to an emerging recognition of their promise as ‘liquid biopsies’ for diseases. Most prior studies on discovery of exRNAs as disease-specific biomarkers have focused on microRNAs (miRNAs) using technologies such as qRT-PCR and microarrays. The recent application of next-generation sequencing to discovery of exRNA biomarkers has revealed the presence of potential novel miRNAs as well as other RNA species such as tRNAs, snoRNAs, piRNAs and lncRNAs in biofluids. At the same time, the use of RNA sequencing for biofluids poses unique challenges, including low amounts of input RNAs, the presence of exRNAs in different compartments with varying degrees of vulnerability to isolation techniques, and the high abundance of specific RNA species (thereby limiting the sensitivity of detection of less abundant species). Moreover, discovery in human diseases often relies on archival biospecimens of varying age and limiting amounts of samples. In this study, we have tested RNA isolation methods to optimize profiling exRNAs by RNA sequencing in individuals without any known diseases. Our findings are consistent with other recent studies that detect microRNAs and ribosomal RNAs as the major exRNA species in plasma. Similar to other recent studies, we found that the landscape of biofluid microRNA transcriptome is dominated by several abundant microRNAs that appear to comprise conserved extracellular miRNAs. There is reasonable correlation of sets of conserved miRNAs across biological replicates, and even across other data sets obtained at different investigative sites. Conversely, the detection of less abundant miRNAs is far more dependent on the exact methodology of RNA isolation and profiling. This study highlights the challenges in detecting and quantifying less abundant plasma miRNAs in health and disease using RNA sequencing platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirsty M. Danielson
- Cardiovascular Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Renee Rubio
- Center for Cancer Computational Biology, Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Fieda Abderazzaq
- Center for Cancer Computational Biology, Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Saumya Das
- Cardiovascular Institute, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YEW); (SD)
| | - Yaoyu E. Wang
- Center for Cancer Computational Biology, Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States of America
- * E-mail: (YEW); (SD)
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Jones Buie JN, Goodwin AJ, Cook JA, Halushka PV, Fan H. The role of miRNAs in cardiovascular disease risk factors. Atherosclerosis 2016; 254:271-281. [PMID: 27693002 PMCID: PMC5125538 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.09.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis are complex pathologies that develop over time due to genetic and environmental factors. Differential expression of miRNAs has been identified in patients with coronary artery disease and atherosclerosis, however, their association with cardiovascular disease risk factors, including hyperlipidemia, hypertension, obesity, diabetes, lack of physical activity and smoking, remains unclear. This review examines the role of miRNAs as either biomarkers or potential contributors to the pathophysiology of these aforementioned risk factors. It is intended to provide an overview of the published literature which describes alterations in miRNA levels in both human and animal studies of cardiovascular risk factors and when known, the possible mechanism by which these miRNAs may exert either beneficial or deleterious effects. The intent of this review is engage clinical, translational, and basic scientists to design future collaborative studies to further elucidate the potential role of miRNAs in cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy N Jones Buie
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 173 Ashley Avenue, Suite CRI 605B, Charleston, United States.
| | - Andrew J Goodwin
- Medical University of South Carolina, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy and Sleep Medicine, Charleston, United States
| | - James A Cook
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Neurosciences, Charleston, United States
| | - Perry V Halushka
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Pharmacology, Charleston, United States
| | - Hongkuan Fan
- Medical University of South Carolina, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, 173 Ashley Avenue, Suite CRI 605B, Charleston, United States
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20
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Prattichizzo F, Giuliani A, De Nigris V, Pujadas G, Ceka A, La Sala L, Genovese S, Testa R, Procopio AD, Olivieri F, Ceriello A. Extracellular microRNAs and endothelial hyperglycaemic memory: a therapeutic opportunity? Diabetes Obes Metab 2016; 18:855-67. [PMID: 27161301 PMCID: PMC5094499 DOI: 10.1111/dom.12688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a major cause of cardiovascular (CV) disease. Several large clinical trials have shown that the risk for patients with diabetes of developing CV complications is only partially reduced by early, intensive glycaemic control and lifestyle interventions, and that such complications result from changes in complex, not fully explored networks that contribute to the maintenance of endothelial function. The accumulation of senescent cells and the low-grade, systemic, inflammatory status that accompanies aging (inflammaging) are involved in the development of endothelial dysfunction. Such phenomena are modulated by epigenetic mechanisms, including microRNAs (miRNAs). MiRNAs can modulate virtually all gene transcripts. They can be secreted by living cells and taken up in active form by recipient cells, providing a new communication tool between tissues and organs. MiRNA deregulation has been associated with the development and progression of a number of age-related diseases, including the enduring gene expression changes seen in patients with diabetes. We review recent evidence on miRNA changes in T2DM, focusing on the ability of diabetes-associated miRNAs to modulate endothelial function, inflammaging and cellular senescence. We also discuss the hypothesis that miRNA-containing extracellular vesicles (i.e. exosomes and microvesicles) could be harnessed to restore a 'physiological' signature capable of preventing or delaying the harmful systemic effects of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Prattichizzo
- Insititut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Giuliani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - V De Nigris
- Insititut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Pujadas
- Insititut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Ceka
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - L La Sala
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Gruppo Multimedica, Milan, Italy
| | - S Genovese
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Gruppo Multimedica, Milan, Italy
| | - R Testa
- Experimental Models in Clinical Pathology, INRCA-IRCCS National Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | - A D Procopio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, INRCA-IRCCS National Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | - F Olivieri
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, DISCLIMO, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
- Center of Clinical Pathology and Innovative Therapy, INRCA-IRCCS National Institute, Ancona, Italy
| | - A Ceriello
- Insititut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) and Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Gruppo Multimedica, Milan, Italy
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Hypertension, which is present in about one quarter of the world's population, is responsible for about 41% of the number one cause of death - cardiovascular disease. Not included in these statistics is the effect of sodium intake on blood pressure, even though an increase or a marked decrease in sodium intake can increase blood pressure. This review deals with the interaction of gut microbiota and the kidney with genetics and epigenetics in the regulation of blood pressure and salt sensitivity. RECENT FINDINGS The abundance of the gut microbes, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, is associated with increased blood pressure in several models of hypertension, including the spontaneously hypertensive and Dahl salt-sensitive rats. Decreasing gut microbiota by antibiotics can increase or decrease blood pressure that is influenced by genotype. The biological function of probiotics may also be a consequence of epigenetic modification, related, in part, to microRNA. Products of the fermentation of nutrients by gut microbiota can influence blood pressure by regulating expenditure of energy, intestinal metabolism of catecholamines, and gastrointestinal and renal ion transport, and thus, salt sensitivity. SUMMARY The beneficial or deleterious effect of gut microbiota on blood pressure is a consequence of several variables, including genetics, epigenetics, lifestyle, and intake of antibiotics. These variables may influence the ultimate level of blood pressure and control of hypertension.
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Raffort J, Lareyre F, Clement M, Mallat Z. Micro-RNAs in abdominal aortic aneurysms: insights from animal models and relevance to human disease. Cardiovasc Res 2016; 110:165-77. [PMID: 26965051 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvw046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a major health concern and may be associated with high rates of mortality linked to acute complications. Diagnosis and treatment are, respectively, based on imaging and surgical techniques. Drug-based therapies are still mostly ineffective, which highlight a real unmet need. Major pathophysiological mechanisms leading to aneurysm formation involve inflammatory processes, degradation of the extracellular matrix, and loss of smooth muscle cells. However, the precise cellular and molecular pathways are still poorly understood. Recently, microRNAs have emerged as major intracellular players in a wide range of biological processes, and their stability in extracellular medium within microvesicles has led to propose them as mediators of intercellular crosstalk and as potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in a variety of disease settings. To date, several studies have been performed to address the involvement of micro-RNAs (miRs) in aneurysm formation and complications. Here, we discuss the roles and implications of miRs in animal models and their relevance to human AAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Raffort
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB20 SZ, UK University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Medical School, Nice 06107, France INSERM U1081, CNRS UMR7284, IRCAN, Nice, France Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, University Hospital of Nice, Nice, France
| | - Fabien Lareyre
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB20 SZ, UK University of Nice-Sophia Antipolis, Medical School, Nice 06107, France INSERM U1081, CNRS UMR7284, IRCAN, Nice, France Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Nice, Nice, France
| | - Marc Clement
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB20 SZ, UK
| | - Ziad Mallat
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB20 SZ, UK Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), Unit 970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center, Paris 75015, France
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Thrombospondin-1 differentially regulates microRNAs in vascular smooth muscle cells. Mol Cell Biochem 2016; 412:111-7. [PMID: 26728995 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-015-2614-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 12/08/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) is an important regulator of vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) physiology and gene expression. MicroRNAs (microRNA), small molecules that regulate protein translation, have emerged as potent regulators of cell function. MicroRNAs have been shown to be involved in intimal hyperplasia, atherosclerosis, and upregulated in the vasculature in diabetes. The purpose of this study was to identify microRNAs regulated by TSP-1 in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Human VSMCs were treated for 6 h with basal media or TSP-1 both supplemented with 0.2% FBS. Cells were then snap frozen and RNA extracted. An Affymetrix GeneChip microRNA array analysis was performed in triplicate on three separate collections. Confirmatory qrtPCR was performed. Data were analyzed by ANOVA or t test, with significance set at p < 0.05. MicroRNAs identified were subjected to KEGG pathway analysis using the DIANA tools miRPath online tool. TSP-1 upregulated 22 microRNAs and downregulated 18 microRNAs in VSMCs (p < 0.05). The most upregulated microRNA was miR-512-3p (45.12 fold). The microRNA most downregulated by TSP-1 was miR-25-5p, which was decreased by 9.61. Of note, five members of the mir-17-92 cluster were downregulated. KEGG analysis revealed that thirty-three cellular signaling pathways were impacted by these microRNAs and that nine pathways were relevant to vascular disease. MicroRNAs regulate protein expression at the level of translation and may represent a significant mechanism by which TSP-1 regulates VSMC function. Several of the microRNAs identified have a role in vascular function. The miR-17-92 cluster family, which was found to exhibit reduced expression in this study, is known to be involved in angiogenesis and vascular function. TSP-1 regulates multiple microRNAs in VSMCs adding a new layer of complexity to TSP-1 regulation of VSMC function.
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Seeger T, Boon RA. MicroRNAs in cardiovascular ageing. J Physiol 2015; 594:2085-94. [PMID: 26040259 DOI: 10.1113/jp270557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRs) have emerged as potent regulators of pathways in physiological and disease contexts. This review focuses on the role of miRs in ageing of the cardiovascular system. Several miRs have been described to be regulated during ageing and some of these miRs are involved in the regulation of ageing-related processes. We discuss the roles of miR-34, miR-217 and miR-29, which are induced during ageing in the vasculature. The roles of miR-34, miR-29 (age-induced) and miR-18/19, which are decreased during ageing in the heart, are discussed as well. Furthermore, numerous miRs that play a role in diseases associated with ageing, like diabetes, atherosclerosis, hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy and atrial fibrillation, are also briefly discussed. miRs also serve as circulating biomarkers for cardiovascular ageing or ageing-associated diseases. Finally, pharmacological modulation of ageing-related miRs might become a promising strategy to combat cardiovascular ageing in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timon Seeger
- Department of Medicine (Division of Cardiology), Stanford Cardiovascular Institute, Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.,Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Reinier A Boon
- Institute for Cardiovascular Regeneration, Center of Molecular Medicine, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site RheinMain, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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25
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Are microRNAs the Molecular Link Between Metabolic Syndrome and Alzheimer's Disease? Mol Neurobiol 2015; 53:2320-38. [PMID: 25976367 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-015-9201-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in people over 65 years of age. At present, treatment options for AD address only its symptoms, and there are no available treatments for the prevention or delay of the disease process. Several preclinical and epidemiological studies have linked metabolic risk factors such as hypertension, obesity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes to the pathogenesis of AD. However, the molecular mechanisms that underlie this relationship are not fully understood. Considering that less than 1% of cases of AD are attributable to genetic factors, the identification of new molecular targets linking metabolic risk factors to neuropathological processes is necessary for improving the diagnosis and treatment of AD. The dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs that regulate several biological processes, has been implicated in the development of different pathologies. In this review, we summarize some of the relevant evidence that points to the role of miRNAs in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and AD and propose that miRNAs may be a molecular link in the complex relationship between both diseases.
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Murakami K. Non-coding RNAs and hypertension-unveiling unexpected mechanisms of hypertension by the dark matter of the genome. Curr Hypertens Rev 2015; 11:80-90. [PMID: 25828869 PMCID: PMC5384352 DOI: 10.2174/1573402111666150401105317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a major risk factor of cardiovascular diseases and a most important health problem in developed countries. Investigations on pathophysiology of hypertension have been based on gene products from coding region that occupies only about 1% of total genome region. On the other hand, non-coding region that occupies almost 99% of human genome has been regarded as "junk" for a long time and went unnoticed until these days. But recently, it turned out that noncoding region is extensively transcribed to non-coding RNAs and has various functions. This review highlights recent updates on the significance of non-coding RNAs such as micro RNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) on the pathogenesis of hypertension, also providing an introduction to basic biology of noncoding RNAs. For example, microRNAs are associated with hypertension via neuro-fumoral factor, sympathetic nerve activity, ion transporters in kidneys, endothelial function, vascular smooth muscle phenotype transformation, or communication between cells. Although reports of lncRNAs on pathogenesis of hypertension are scarce at the moment, new lncRNAs in relation to hypertension are being discovered at a rapid pace owing to novel techniques such as microarray or next-generation sequencing. In the clinical settings, clinical use of non-coding RNAs in identifying cardiovascular risks or developing novel tools for treating hypertension such as molecular decoy or mimicks is promising, although improvement in chemical modification or drug delivery system is necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Murakami
- Department of Health Care and Preventive Medicine, Matsuyama Red Cross Hospital, 1 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama, Ehime, 790-8524, Japan.
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27
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Epigenetics and arterial hypertension: the challenge of emerging evidence. Transl Res 2015; 165:154-65. [PMID: 25035152 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2014] [Revised: 06/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Epigenetic phenomena include DNA methylation, post-translational histone modifications, and noncoding RNAs, as major marks. Although similar to genetic features of DNA for their heritability, epigenetic mechanisms differ for their potential reversibility by environmental and nutritional factors, which make them potentially crucial for their role in complex and multifactorial diseases. The function of these mechanisms is indeed gaining interest in relation to arterial hypertension (AH) with emerging evidence from cell culture and animal models as well as human studies showing that epigenetic modifications have major functions within pathways related to AH. Among epigenetic marks, the role of DNA methylation is mostly highlighted given the primary role of this epigenetic feature in mammalian cells. A lower global methylation was observed in DNA of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of hypertensive patients. Moreover, DNA hydroxymethylation appears modifiable by salt intake in a Dahl salt-sensitive rat model. The specific function of DNA methylation in regulating the expression of AH-related genes at promoter site was described for hydroxysteroid (11-beta) dehydrogenase 2 (HSD11B2), somatic angiotensin converting enzyme (sACE), Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter 1 (NKCC1), angiotensinogen (AGT), α-adducin (ADD1), and for other crucial genes in endocrine hypertension. Post-translational histone methylation at different histone 3 lysine residues was also observed to control the expression of genes related to AH as lysine-specific demethylase-1(LSD1), HSD11B2, and epithelial sodium channel subunit α (SCNN1A). Noncoding RNAs including several microRNAs influence genes involved in steroidogenesis and the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone pathway. In the present review, the current knowledge on the relationship between the main epigenetic marks and AH will be presented, considering the challenge of epigenetic patterns being modifiable by environmental factors that may lead toward novel implications in AH preventive and therapeutic strategies.
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Marques FZ, Charchar FJ. microRNAs in Essential Hypertension and Blood Pressure Regulation. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 888:215-35. [PMID: 26663185 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-22671-2_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Unravelling the complete genetic predisposition to high blood pressure (BP) has proven to be challenging. This puzzle and the fact that coding regions of the genome account for less than 2 % of the entire human DNA support the hypothesis that mechanisms besides coding genes are likely to contribute to BP regulation. Non-coding RNAs, especially microRNAs, are emerging as key players of transcription regulation in both health and disease states. They control basic functions in virtually all cell types relevant to the cardiovascular system and, thus, a direct involvement with BP regulation is highly probable. Here we review the literature about microRNAs associated with regulation of BP and hypertension, highlighting investigations, methodology and difficulties arising in the field. These molecules are being studied for exploitation in diagnostics, prognostics and therapeutics in many diseases. There have been some studies that examined biological fluid microRNAs as biomarkers for hypertension, but most remain inconclusive due to the small sample sizes and differences in methodological standardisation. Fewer studies have analysed tissue microRNA levels in vascular smooth muscle cells and the kidney. Others focused on the interaction between single nucleotide polymorphisms and microRNA binding sites. Studies in animals have shown that angiotensin II, high-salt diet and exercise change microRNA levels in hypertension. Treatment of spontaneously hypertensive rats with a miR-22 inhibitor and treatment of hypertensive Schlager BPH/2J mice with a miR-181a mimic decreased their BP. This supports the use of microRNAs as therapeutic targets in hypertension, and future studies should test the use of other microRNAs found in human association studies. In conclusion, there is a clear need of increased pace of human, animal and functional studies to help us understand the multifaceted roles of microRNAs as critical regulators of the development and physiology of BP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francine Z Marques
- School of Applied and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Federation University Australia, Mount Helen, VIC, Australia.,Heart Failure Research Group, Baker IDI Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Fadi J Charchar
- School of Applied and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Federation University Australia, Mount Helen, VIC, Australia.
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Calway T, Kim GH. Harnessing the Therapeutic Potential of MicroRNAs for Cardiovascular Disease. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2014; 20:131-43. [PMID: 25261390 DOI: 10.1177/1074248414552902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most common causes of death in humans and are responsible for billions of dollars in health care expenditures. As the molecular basis of cardiac diseases continues to be explored, there remains the hope for identification of more effective therapeutics. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are recognized as important regulators of numerous biological pathways and stress responses, including those found in cardiovascular diseases. MicroRNA signatures of cardiovascular diseases can provide targets for miRNA adjustment and offer the possibility of changing gene and protein expression to treat certain pathologies. These adjustments can be conferred using advances in oligonucleotide delivery methods, which can target single miRNAs, families of miRNAs, and certain tissue types. In this review, we will discuss the use of miRNAs in vivo and recent advances in their use for cardiovascular disease in mammalian models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler Calway
- Institute for Cardiovascular Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Gene H Kim
- Institute for Cardiovascular Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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