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Zhao J, Qiu C, Wan R, Wang Q, Zhang Y, Yang D, Yang Y, Sun X. Inhibition of CIRBP represses the proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells via inhibiting Rheb/mTORC1 axis. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 725:150248. [PMID: 38870847 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 06/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
The excessive migration and proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) plays a vital role in vascular intimal hyperplasia. CIRBP is involved in the proliferation of various cancer cells. This study was aimed to explore the role of CIRBP in the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. Adenovirus was used to interfere with cold-inducible RNA-binding protein (CIRBP) expression, while lentivirus was used to overexpress Ras homolog enriched in brain (Rheb). Western blotting and qRT-PCR were used to evaluate the expression of CIRBP, Rheb, and mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) activity. The cell proliferation was determined by Ki67 immunofluorescence staining and CCK-8 assay. The wound healing assay was performed to assess cell migration. Additionally, immunohistochemistry was conducted to explore the role of CIRBP in intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury. We found that silencing CIRBP inhibited the proliferation and migration of VSMCs, decreased the expression of Rheb and mTORC1 activity. Restoration of mTORC1 activity via insulin or overexpression of Rheb via lentiviral transfection both attenuated the inhibitory effects of silencing CIRBP on the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. Moreover, Rheb overexpression abolished the inhibitory effect of silencing CIRBP on mTORC1 activity in VSMCs. CIRBP was upregulated in the injured carotid artery. Silencing CIRBP ameliorated intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury. In the summary, silencing CIRBP attenuates mTORC1 activity via reducing Rheb expression, thereby supressing the proliferation and migration of VSMCs and intimal hyperplasia after vascular injury.
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MESH Headings
- Mechanistic Target of Rapamycin Complex 1/metabolism
- Ras Homolog Enriched in Brain Protein/metabolism
- Ras Homolog Enriched in Brain Protein/genetics
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/cytology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Cell Proliferation
- Cell Movement
- Animals
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/cytology
- Cells, Cultured
- Signal Transduction
- Male
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Humans
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China
| | - Chenming Qiu
- Department of Burn, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China
| | - Rong Wan
- Department of Burn, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China
| | - Dachun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China
| | - Yongjian Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China.
| | - Xiongshan Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, 610083, China.
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Kong D, Liu J, Lu J, Zeng C, Chen H, Duan Z, Yu K, Zheng X, Zou P, Zhou L, Lv Y, Zeng Q, Lu L, Li J, He Y. HMGB2 Release Promotes Pulmonary Hypertension and Predicts Severity and Mortality of Patients With Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 2024; 44:e172-e195. [PMID: 38572649 DOI: 10.1161/atvbaha.123.319916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a progressive and life-threatening disease characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling, which involves aberrant proliferation and apoptosis resistance of the pulmonary arterial smooth muscle cells (PASMCs), resembling the hallmark characteristics of cancer. In cancer, the HMGB2 (high-mobility group box 2) protein promotes the pro-proliferative/antiapoptotic phenotype. However, the function of HMGB2 in PH remains uninvestigated. METHODS Smooth muscle cell (SMC)-specific HMGB2 knockout or HMGB2-OE (HMGB2 overexpression) mice and HMGB2 silenced rats were used to establish hypoxia+Su5416 (HySu)-induced PH mouse and monocrotaline-induced PH rat models, respectively. The effects of HMGB2 and its underlying mechanisms were subsequently elucidated using RNA-sequencing and cellular and molecular biology analyses. Serum HMGB2 levels were measured in the controls and patients with pulmonary arterial (PA) hypertension. RESULTS HMGB2 expression was markedly increased in the PAs of patients with PA hypertension and PH rodent models and was predominantly localized in PASMCs. SMC-specific HMGB2 deficiency or silencing attenuated PH development and pulmonary vascular remodeling in hypoxia+Su5416-induced mice and monocrotaline-treated rats. SMC-specific HMGB2 overexpression aggravated hypoxia+Su5416-induced PH. HMGB2 knockdown inhibited PASMC proliferation in vitro in response to PDGF-BB (platelet-derived growth factor-BB). In contrast, HMGB2 protein stimulation caused the hyperproliferation of PASMCs. In addition, HMGB2 promoted PASMC proliferation and the development of PH by RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end products)/FAK (focal adhesion kinase)-mediated Hippo/YAP (yes-associated protein) signaling suppression. Serum HMGB2 levels were significantly increased in patients with PA hypertension, and they correlated with disease severity, predicting worse survival. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that targeting HMGB2 might be a novel therapeutic strategy for treating PH. Serum HMGB2 levels could serve as a novel biomarker for diagnosing PA hypertension and determining its prognosis.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- HMGB2 Protein/genetics
- HMGB2 Protein/metabolism
- Humans
- Vascular Remodeling
- Male
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/metabolism
- Myocytes, Smooth Muscle/pathology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Pulmonary Artery/metabolism
- Pulmonary Artery/physiopathology
- Pulmonary Artery/pathology
- Mice, Knockout
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/metabolism
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/pathology
- Muscle, Smooth, Vascular/physiopathology
- Rats
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice
- Cell Proliferation
- Severity of Illness Index
- Signal Transduction
- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/metabolism
- Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension/physiopathology
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Female
- Cells, Cultured
- Middle Aged
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/metabolism
- Hypertension, Pulmonary/physiopathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Deping Kong
- Departments of Cardiology (D.K., J. Liu, C.Z., H.C., X.Z., P.Z., L.Z., J. Li, Y.H.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai General Hospital (D.K., Z.D., Y.L., Q.Z.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Departments of Cardiology (D.K., J. Liu, C.Z., H.C., X.Z., P.Z., L.Z., J. Li, Y.H.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Junmi Lu
- Pathology (J. Lu), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Cheng Zeng
- Departments of Cardiology (D.K., J. Liu, C.Z., H.C., X.Z., P.Z., L.Z., J. Li, Y.H.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Departments of Cardiology (D.K., J. Liu, C.Z., H.C., X.Z., P.Z., L.Z., J. Li, Y.H.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhenzhen Duan
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai General Hospital (D.K., Z.D., Y.L., Q.Z.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Ke Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Guangdong, China (K.Y.)
| | - Xialei Zheng
- Departments of Cardiology (D.K., J. Liu, C.Z., H.C., X.Z., P.Z., L.Z., J. Li, Y.H.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pu Zou
- Departments of Cardiology (D.K., J. Liu, C.Z., H.C., X.Z., P.Z., L.Z., J. Li, Y.H.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Liufang Zhou
- Departments of Cardiology (D.K., J. Liu, C.Z., H.C., X.Z., P.Z., L.Z., J. Li, Y.H.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical College for Nationalities, Baise, Guangxi, China (L.Z.)
| | - Yicheng Lv
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai General Hospital (D.K., Z.D., Y.L., Q.Z.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Qingye Zeng
- Precision Research Center for Refractory Diseases, Institute for Clinical Research, Shanghai General Hospital (D.K., Z.D., Y.L., Q.Z.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Cardiology, Rui Jin Hospital (L.L.), Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, China
| | - Jiang Li
- Departments of Cardiology (D.K., J. Liu, C.Z., H.C., X.Z., P.Z., L.Z., J. Li, Y.H.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuhu He
- Departments of Cardiology (D.K., J. Liu, C.Z., H.C., X.Z., P.Z., L.Z., J. Li, Y.H.), The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Luo XY, Fu X, Liu F, Luo JY, Chen AF. Sema3G activates YAP and promotes VSMCs proliferation and migration via Nrp2/PlexinA1. Cell Signal 2023; 105:110613. [PMID: 36720439 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2023.110613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes exacerbates neointima formation after vascular procedures, manifested by accelerated proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). Semaphorin 3G (Sema3G), secreted mainly from endothelial cells (ECs), regulates various cellular functions and vascular pathologies. However, the function and potential mechanism of ECs-derived Sema3G in VSMCs under diabetic condition remain unclear. OBJECTIVE To investigate the role and the mechanism of ECs-derived Sema3G in the regulation of VSMCs proliferation and migration. RESULTS ECs-derived Sema3G promoted human aortic SMCs (HASMCs) cell cycle progression and proliferation. Sema3G upregulated the expression of MMP2 and MMP9, which might explain the increased HASMCs migration by Sema3G. Inhibition of Nrp2/PlexinA1 mitigated the effect of Sema3G on promoting HASMCs proliferation and migration. Mechanistically, Sema3G inhibited LATS1 and activated YAP via Nrp2/PlexinA1. Verteporfin, an FDA-approved YAP pathway inhibitor, counteracted Sema3G-induced cyclin E and cyclin D1 expression. Besides, Sema3G expression was upregulated in ECs of diabetic mouse aortas. Serum Sema3G level was increased in type 2 diabetic patients and mice. Moreover, compared to chow diet-fed mice, high-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese mice showed thicker neointima and higher Sema3G expression in vasculature after femoral injury. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that ECs-derived Sema3G under diabetic condition activated YAP and promoted HASMCs proliferation and migration via Nrp2/PlexinA1. Thus, inhibition of Sema3G may hold therapeutic potential against diabetes-associated intimal hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yang Luo
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Fu
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai General Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China; Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes, Shanghai Clinical Medical Center of Diabetes, Shanghai Key Clinical Center of Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute for Diabetes, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang-Yun Luo
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Alex F Chen
- Institute for Developmental and Regenerative Cardiovascular Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
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Liu J, Wang J, Liu Y, Xie SA, Zhang J, Zhao C, Zhou Y, Pang W, Yao W, Peng Q, Wang X, Zhou J. Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation of DDR1 Counteracts the Hippo Pathway to Orchestrate Arterial Stiffening. Circ Res 2023; 132:87-105. [PMID: 36475898 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.122.322113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Hippo-YAP (yes-associated protein) signaling pathway is modulated in response to various environmental cues. Activation of YAP in vascular smooth muscle cells conveys the extracellular matrix stiffness-induced changes in vascular smooth muscle cells phenotype and behavior. Recent studies have established a mechanoreceptive role of receptor tyrosine kinase DDR1 (discoidin domain receptor 1) in vascular smooth muscle cells. METHODS We conduced 5/6 nephrectomy in vascular smooth muscle cells-specific Ddr1-knockout mice, accompanied by pharmacological inhibition of the Hippo pathway kinase LATS1 (large tumor suppressor 1), to investigate DDR1 in YAP activation. We utilized polyacrylamide gels of varying stiffness or the DDR1 ligand, type I collagen, to stimulate the cells. We employed multiple molecular biological techniques to explore the role of DDR1 in controlling the Hippo pathway and to determine the mechanistic basis by which DDR1 exerts this effect. RESULTS We identified the requirement for DDR1 in stiffness/collagen-induced YAP activation. We uncovered that DDR1 underwent stiffness/collagen binding-stimulated liquid-liquid phase separation and co-condensed with LATS1 to inactivate LATS1. Mutagenesis experiments revealed that the transmembrane domain is responsible for DDR1 droplet formation. Purified DDR1 N-terminal and transmembrane domain was sufficient to drive its reversible condensation. Depletion of the DDR1 C-terminus led to failure in co-condensation with LATS1. Interaction between the DDR1 C-terminus and LATS1 competitively inhibited binding of MOB1 (Mps one binder 1) to LATS1 and thus the subsequent phosphorylation of LATS1. Introduction of the single-point mutants, histidine-745-proline and histidine-902-proline, to DDR1 on the C-terminus abolished the co-condensation. In mouse models, YAP activity was positively correlated with collagen I expression and arterial stiffness. LATS1 inhibition reactivated the YAP signaling in Ddr1-deficient vessels and abrogated the arterial softening effect of Ddr1 deficiency. CONCLUSIONS These findings identify DDR1 as a mediator of YAP activation by mechanical and chemical stimuli and demonstrate that DDR1 regulates LATS1 phosphorylation in an liquid-liquid phase separation-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., W.P., W.Y., J.Z.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., Y.Z., J.Z.).,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., J.Z.)
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., W.P., W.Y., J.Z.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., Y.Z., J.Z.).,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., J.Z.).,Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, National Center for Infectious Disease, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China (J.W.)
| | - Yueqi Liu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., W.P., W.Y., J.Z.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., Y.Z., J.Z.).,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., J.Z.)
| | - Si-An Xie
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., W.P., W.Y., J.Z.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., Y.Z., J.Z.).,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., J.Z.)
| | - Jianrui Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., W.P., W.Y., J.Z.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., Y.Z., J.Z.).,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., J.Z.)
| | - Chuanrong Zhao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., W.P., W.Y., J.Z.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., Y.Z., J.Z.).,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., J.Z.)
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., Y.Z., J.Z.).,Department of Biomedical Informatics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China (Y.Z.)
| | - Wei Pang
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., W.P., W.Y., J.Z.)
| | - Weijuan Yao
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., W.P., W.Y., J.Z.)
| | - Qin Peng
- Institute of Systems and Physical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, China (Q.P.)
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Inflammation Biology, The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, China (X.W.)
| | - Jing Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences; Hemorheology Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., W.P., W.Y., J.Z.).,Key Laboratory of Molecular Cardiovascular Science, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., Y.Z., J.Z.).,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides; Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Receptors Research, Peking University, Beijing, China (J.L., J.W., Y.L., S.-A.X., J.Z., C.Z., J.Z.)
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Déglise S, Bechelli C, Allagnat F. Vascular smooth muscle cells in intimal hyperplasia, an update. Front Physiol 2023; 13:1081881. [PMID: 36685215 PMCID: PMC9845604 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1081881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Arterial occlusive disease is the leading cause of death in Western countries. Core contemporary therapies for this disease include angioplasties, stents, endarterectomies and bypass surgery. However, these treatments suffer from high failure rates due to re-occlusive vascular wall adaptations and restenosis. Restenosis following vascular surgery is largely due to intimal hyperplasia. Intimal hyperplasia develops in response to vessel injury, leading to inflammation, vascular smooth muscle cells dedifferentiation, migration, proliferation and secretion of extra-cellular matrix into the vessel's innermost layer or intima. In this review, we describe the current state of knowledge on the origin and mechanisms underlying the dysregulated proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells in intimal hyperplasia, and we present the new avenues of research targeting VSMC phenotype and proliferation.
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Zhang L, Tao Y, Yang R, Hu Q, Jia J, Yu M, He B, Shen Z, Qin H, Yu Z, Chen P. Euonymine inhibits in-stent restenosis through enhancing contractile phenotype of vascular smooth muscle cells via modulating the PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 107:154450. [PMID: 36174454 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2022.154450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Revised: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is an effective treatment for acute myocardial infarction, but the postoperative in-stent re-stenosis (ISR) remains a major risk factor that affects the prognosis of PCI. Clinically, drug-eluting stents (DES) are widely applied to prevent and treat ISR. However, only a few stent coating drugs are currently available for clinical use, including paclitaxel and rapamycin (sirolimus) and their derivatives. These stent-coated drugs have led to a decrease in restenosis rates, but the major adverse outcomes, such as delayed endothelial healing and increased in-stent thrombosis, seriously reduce their therapeutic effects. PURPOSE Herein, we explored the potential efficacy of Euonymine (Euo), an alkaloid extracted from Tripterygium Hypoglaucum (Levl) Hutch (THH, Lei gong Teng), for the prevention against ISR after PCI. STUDY DESIGN Our study depicts the potential efficacy of Euo in treating ISR and explores its mechanism with in vitro and in vivo models. METHODS Primary vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) from the rabbit thoracic aorta were cultured, and the proliferation and migration of VSMCs were monitored. Apoptosis was measured by Transmission Electron Microscopy and TUNEL staining assay. Protein and gene levels were measured to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. In vivo models of porcine coronary implantation and rabbit carotid balloon injury are used to validate the efficacy of Euo in inhibiting ISR after PCI. RESULTS With an ox-LDL-injured cell model, we showed that Euo suppressed the proliferation and migration of the rabbit thoracic aorta primary VSMCs, while inducing their apoptosis. We next established a rabbit carotid balloon injury model in which the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and AKT1 (Ser473) as well as mTOR activity were significantly elevated compared to the sham-operated control. These activities were significantly attenuated by the Euo intervention. Additionally, the balloon angioplasty significantly increased the expression of Bcl-2, while decreased the expression of Bax and caspase-3. Euo intervention significantly increased the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 and the level of caspase-3. Taken together, Euo may enhance the VSMCs contractile phenotype by modulating the PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Furthermore, with two in vivo models, the porcine coronary artery implantation model, and the rabbit carotid balloon injury model, we demonstrated that Euo-eluting stents indeed inhibited ISR after PCI. CONCLUSION For the first time, this study delineates the potential efficacy of Euo, derived from Tripterygium Hypoglaucum (Levl) Hutch, in ameliorating ISR after PCI with two in vivo models. The phytochemical targets PTEN/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway to increase the contractile phenotype of VSMCs and exerts anti-proliferative, anti-migratory as well as pro-apoptotic effects, thereby inhibiting the ISR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - YiTing Tao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - RenHua Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Qin Hu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jia Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - MingYang Yu
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Bo He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - ZhiQiang Shen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - HongTao Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China.
| | - Zhuo Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650032, China.
| | - Peng Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Yunnan Key Laboratory of Pharmacology for Natural Products, Kunming Medical University, Kunming 650500, China.
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Lee SY. Endothelial cell‑derived connective tissue growth factor stimulates fibroblast differentiation into myofibroblasts through integrin αVβ3. Exp Ther Med 2022; 25:30. [PMID: 36561611 PMCID: PMC9748665 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) is expressed at high levels in blood vessels, where it functions as a regulator of a number of physiological processes, such as cell proliferation, angiogenesis and wound healing. In addition, CTGF has been reported to be involved in various pathological processes, such as tumor development and tissue fibrosis. However, one of the main roles of CTGF is to promote the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts, a process that is involved in disease progression. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the possible mechanism by which pathological changes in the microvasculature can direct the activation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts in the context of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and normal human dermal fibroblasts were used in the present study. The expression levels of CTGF were determined by western blot analysis and reverse transcription-semi-quantitative PCR. To analyze the paracrine effect of HUVECs on fibroblasts, HUVECs were infected with CTGF-expressing adenovirus and then the culture supernatant of HUVECs was collected to treat fibroblasts. The formation of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) stress fibers in fibroblasts were observed by immunofluorescence staining. It was found that H/R significantly increased CTGF expression in HUVECs. CTGF was also able to directly induce the differentiation of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts. In addition, the culture supernatant from CTGF-overexpressing HUVECs stimulated the formation of α-SMA stress fibers in fibroblasts, which was inhibited by treatment with a functional blocking antibody against integrin αVβ3 and to a lesser degree by a blocking antibody against α6 integrin. The mechanism of CTGF upregulation by H/R in HUVECs was then evaluated, where it was found that the CTGF protein was more stable in the H/R group compared with that in the normoxic control group. These findings suggest that CTGF expressed and secreted by vascular endothelial cells under ischemia/reperfusion conditions can exert a paracrine influence on neighboring fibroblasts, which may in turn promote myofibroblast-associated diseases. This association may hold potential as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo-Yeon Lee
- Department of Pharmacology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Republic of Korea,Department of Biomedical Science, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Republic of Korea,Correspondence to: Professor Seo-Yeon Lee, Department of Pharmacology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, 460 Iksan-daero, Iksan, Jeollabuk-do 54538, Republic of Korea
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Tsuruda T, Yamashita A, Otsu M, Koide M, Nakamichi Y, Sekita-Hatakeyama Y, Hatakeyama K, Funamoto T, Chosa E, Asada Y, Udagawa N, Kato J, Kitamura K. Angiotensin II Induces Aortic Rupture and Dissection in Osteoprotegerin-Deficient Mice. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11:e025336. [PMID: 35411794 PMCID: PMC9238451 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.025336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background The biological mechanism of action for osteoprotegerin, a soluble decoy receptor for the receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappa B ligand in the vascular structure, has not been elucidated. The study aim was to determine if osteoprotegerin affects aortic structural integrity in angiotensin II (Ang II)‐induced hypertension. Methods and Results Mortality was higher (P<0.0001 by log‐rank test) in 8‐week‐old male homozygotes of osteoprotegerin gene‐knockout mice given subcutaneous administration of Ang II for 28 days, with an incidence of 21% fatal aortic rupture and 23% aortic dissection, than in age‐matched wild‐type mice. Ang II‐infused aorta of wild‐type mice showed that osteoprotegerin immunoreactivity was present with proteoglycan. The absence of osteoprotegerin was associated with decreased medial and adventitial thickness and increased numbers of elastin breaks as well as with increased periostin expression and soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappa B ligand concentrations. PEGylated human recombinant osteoprotegerin administration decreased all‐cause mortality (P<0.001 by log‐rank test), the incidence of fatal aortic rupture (P=0.08), and aortic dissection (P<0.001) with decreasing numbers of elastin breaks, periostin expressions, and soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappa B ligand concentrations in Ang II‐infused osteoprotegerin gene‐knockout mice. Conclusions These data suggest that osteoprotegerin protects against aortic rupture and dissection in Ang II‐induced hypertension by inhibiting receptor activator of nuclear factor‐kappa B ligand activity and periostin expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshihiro Tsuruda
- Division of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine and Nephrology Faculty of Medicine University of Miyazaki Japan
| | - Atsushi Yamashita
- Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine University of Miyazaki Japan
| | - Misa Otsu
- Division of Internal Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine and Nephrology Faculty of Medicine University of Miyazaki Japan
| | - Masanori Koide
- Institute for Oral Science Matsumoto Dental University Nagano Japan
| | - Yuko Nakamichi
- Institute for Oral Science Matsumoto Dental University Nagano Japan
| | | | - Kinta Hatakeyama
- Department of Pathology National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Osaka Japan
| | - Taro Funamoto
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs Faculty of Medicine University of Miyazaki Japan
| | - Etsuo Chosa
- Division of Orthopedic Surgery Department of Medicine of Sensory and Motor Organs Faculty of Medicine University of Miyazaki Japan
| | - Yujiro Asada
- Department of Pathology Faculty of Medicine University of Miyazaki Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Udagawa
- Department of Biochemistry Matsumoto Dental University Nagano Japan
| | - Johji Kato
- Frontier Science Research Center University of Miyazaki Japan
| | - Kazuo Kitamura
- Frontier Science Research Center University of Miyazaki Japan
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Park MS, Chang Y, Kim KH, Park JH, Song TJ. Plasma osteoprotegerin levels are associated with the presence and burden of cerebral small vessel disease in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2021; 210:107010. [PMID: 34752988 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2021.107010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Osteoprotegerin (OPG) is a component of the tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily. Several studies have shown a relationship between OPG and cardiovascular diseases. We hypothesized that there is a relationship between plasma OPG levels and cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). METHODS Patients diagnosed with their first cerebral ischemic infarction between April 2014 and March 2017 were enrolled. All the enrolled patients were evaluated through the hospital stroke protocol, including routine blood tests, brain imaging, and measuring the plasma OPG levels. The presence and burden of cerebral SVD [cerebral microbleeds (CMBs), asymptomatic lacunar infarction (ALI), high-grade perivascular space (HPVS), high-grade white matter hyperintensity (HWMH)], and total SVD score were assessed through brain magnetic resonance imaging. RESULTS Of the 270 patients included in our study, 158 (58.5%) were men. The mean age of the patients was 63.8 ± 11.6 years. In multivariable analysis, plasma OPG levels were positively associated with the presence and burden of each cerebral SVD. The odds ratios (OR) of CMBs, ALI, HPVS, and HWMH for the association of OPG per standard deviation (SD) increase were 1.58 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.09-2.27], 1.40 (95% CI, 1.04-1.88), 1.88 (95% CI, 1.27-2.78), and 1.47 (95% CI, 1.04-2.08), respectively. Plasma OPG levels were positively correlated with total SVD score (beta = 0.211, standard error = 0.061, p-value = 0.009, R2 = 0.275). CONCLUSIONS Plasma OPG levels correlate with the presence and burden of cerebral SVD in patients with acute ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moo-Seok Park
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Hospital Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonkyung Chang
- Department of Neurology, Mokdong Hospital Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Kim
- Department of Urology, Seoul Hospital Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Hee Park
- Department of Molecular Medicine (System Health and Engineering Convergence), Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jin Song
- Department of Neurology, Seoul Hospital Ewha Womans University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Ma H, Dong A. Long non-coding RNA cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 2B antisense ribonucleic acid 1 is associated with in-stent restenosis and promotes human carotid artery smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration by sponging miR-143-3p. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:234. [PMID: 33603842 PMCID: PMC7851615 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Carotid angioplasty and stenting (CAS) is an efficient therapeutic approach for carotid stenosis. However, in-stent restenosis (ISR) frequently occurs and seriously affects the therapeutic efficacy of CAS. Certain non-coding (nc)RNAs serve potential roles in ISR development and progression. Thus, the goals of the present study were to investigate novel biomarkers for ISR development and to further uncover the mechanisms underlying the progression of ISR. The expression of long ncRNA cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CDKN)2B-antisense 1 (AS1) and microRNA (miR)-143-3p in patients with ISR and human carotid artery smooth muscle cells (hHCtASMCs) was analyzed using reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. A luciferase reporter assay was performed to examine the interaction between CDKN2B-AS1 and miR-143-3p. The effects of the CDKN2B/miR-143-3p axis on hHCtASMC proliferation and migration were assessed using Cell Counting Kit-8 and Transwell assays. The results indicated that serum CDKN2B-AS1 was increased and miR-143-3p was decreased in patients with ISR as compared with that in patients with no ISR (all P<0.001). CDKN2B-AS1 and miR-143-3p were identified as risk factors for ISR onset (all P<0.05) and knockdown of CDKN2B-AS1 in hHCtASMCs led to inhibited cell proliferation and migration. Furthermore, the luciferase reporter assay and expression analysis indicated that miR-143-3p is a target of CDKN2B-AS1 and may mediate the effects of CDKN2B-AS1 on hHCtASMC proliferation and migration. In conclusion, dysregulation of CDKN2B-AS1 and miR-143-3p may represent risk factors for the occurrence of ISR. The in vitro results suggested that the CDKN2B-AS1/miR-143-3p axis may regulate the proliferation and migration of hHCtASMCs, indicating its potential to be developed as a target for preventative measures and therapies for ISR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Ma
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
| | - Aiqin Dong
- Department of Neurology, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei 061000, P.R. China
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Yu Y, Su X, Qin Q, Hou Y, Zhang X, Zhang H, Jia M, Chen Y. Yes-associated protein and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif as new targets in cardiovascular diseases. Pharmacol Res 2020; 159:105009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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