1
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Du Y, Lv X, Feng C, Ma Y, Wang Y. Simultaneously Enhanced Catalytic Activity and Thermostability of a Baeyer-Villiger Monooxygenase from Oceanicola granulosus by Reshaping the Binding Pocket. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024. [PMID: 38951118 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c02395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Enzymatic oxygenation of various cyclic ketones into lactones via Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenases (BVMOs) could provide a promising route for synthesizing fragrances and pharmaceutical ingredients. However, unsatisfactory catalytic activity and thermostability restricted their applications in the pharmaceutical and food industries. In this study, we successfully improved the catalytic activity and thermostability of a Baeyer-Villiger monooxygenase (OgBVMO) from Oceanicola granulosus by reshaping the binding pocket. As a result, mutant OgBVMO-Re displayed a 1.0- to 6.4-fold increase in the activity toward branched cyclic ketones tested, accompanied by a 3 °C higher melting point, and a 2-fold longer half-life time (t1/2 (45 °C)). Molecular dynamics simulations revealed that reshaping the binding pocket achieved strengthened motion correlation between amino acid residues, appropriate size of the substrate-binding pocket, beneficial surface characteristics, lower energy barriers, and shorter nucleophilic distance. This study well demonstrated the trade-off between the enzyme activity and thermostability by reshaping the substrate-binding pocket, paving the way for further engineering other enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Du
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Xiang Lv
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214129, China
| | - Chenhao Feng
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yunjian Ma
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Yonghua Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- Guangdong Youmei Institute of Intelligent Bio-manufacturing Co., Ltd, Foshan 528012, China
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2
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Yao Y, Qiang Z, Zhang M, Lin J, Li C. Thermal oxidation mechanism of palmitic aicd. Food Res Int 2024; 186:114372. [PMID: 38729730 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The oxidation and degradation of fats lead to a decrease in the nutritional value of food and pose safety concerns. Saturated fatty acids also hold a significant position in the field of lipid oxidation. In this study, the oxidation products of methyl palmitate were investigated by using gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Seven monohydroperoxides and 72 secondary oxidation products were detected. Combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the formation mechanisms of oxidation products can be summarized into four stages. The initial stage involved the formation of monohydroperoxides and alkanes, followed by the subsequent stage involving methyl x-oxo(hydroxy)hexadecanoates. The third stage involved the formation of methyl ketones, carboxylic acids, and aldehydes, while the final stage involved lactones. Meanwhile, methyl ketones were the most abundant oxidation product, approximately 25 times more abundant than aldehydes; the calculated results agreed well with the experimental results. The establishment of a comprehensive thermal oxidation mechanism for palmitic acid provided a new foundation for future lipid oxidation analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunping Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zhiyuan Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jia Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Changmo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin 300457, China.
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3
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Jiang D, Yang M, Chen K, Jiang W, Zhang L, Ji XJ, Jiang J, Lu L. Exploiting synthetic biology platforms for enhanced biosynthesis of natural products in Yarrowia lipolytica. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 399:130614. [PMID: 38513925 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 03/17/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
With the rapid development of synthetic biology, researchers can design, modify, or even synthesize microorganisms de novo, and microorganisms endowed with unnatural functions can be considered "artificial life" and facilitate the development of functional products. Based on this concept, researchers can solve critical problems related to the insufficient supply of natural products, such as low yields, long production cycles, and cumbersome procedures. Due to its superior performance and unique physiological and biochemical characteristics, Yarrowia lipolytica is a favorable chassis cell used for green biomanufacturing by numerous researchers. This paper mainly reviews the development of synthetic biology techniques for Y. lipolytica and summarizes the recent research progress on the synthesis of natural products in Y. lipolytica. This review will promote the continued innovative development of Y. lipolytica by providing theoretical guidance for research on the biosynthesis of natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dahai Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Low-Carbon Conversion, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Manqi Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Low-Carbon Conversion, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Chen
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Low-Carbon Conversion, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxuan Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Low-Carbon Conversion, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangliang Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Low-Carbon Conversion, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianchun Jiang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Low-Carbon Conversion, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, Nanjing 210042, People's Republic of China
| | - Liming Lu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Academy of Advanced Carbon Conversion Technology, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomass Low-Carbon Conversion, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, People's Republic of China.
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4
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Singh S, Kumar Sharma P, Chaturvedi S, Kumar P, Deepak Nannaware A, Kalra A, Kumar Rout P. Biocatalyst for the synthesis of natural flavouring compounds as food additives: Bridging the gap for a more sustainable industrial future. Food Chem 2024; 435:137217. [PMID: 37832337 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
Biocatalysis entails the use of purified enzymes in the manufacturing of flavouring chemicals food industry as well as at the laboratory level. These biocatalysts can significantly accelerate organic chemical processes and improve product stereospecificity. The unique characteristics of biocatalyst helpful in synthesizing the environmentally friendly flavour and aroma compounds used as a food additive in foodstuffs. With methods like enzyme engineering on biotechnological interventions the efficient tuning of produce will fulfil the needs of food industry. This review summarizes the biosynthesis of different flavour and aroma component through microbial catalysts and using advanced techniques which are available for enzyme improvement. Also pointing out their benefits and drawbacks for specific technological processes necessary for successful industrial application of biocatalysts. The article covers the market scenario, cost economics, environmental safety and regulatory framework for the production of food flavoured chemicals by the bioprocess engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Singh
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226015, India
| | - Praveen Kumar Sharma
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226015, India
| | - Shivani Chaturvedi
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226015, India
| | - Prashant Kumar
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ashween Deepak Nannaware
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Alok Kalra
- Crop Production and Protection Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226015, India
| | - Prasant Kumar Rout
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226015, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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5
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Bernet T, Wehbe M, Febra SA, Haslam AJ, Adjiman CS, Jackson G, Galindo A. Modeling the Thermodynamic Properties of Saturated Lactones in Nonideal Mixtures with the SAFT-γ Mie Approach. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA 2024; 69:650-678. [PMID: 38352073 PMCID: PMC10859965 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jced.3c00358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The prediction of the thermodynamic properties of lactones is an important challenge in the flavor, fragrance, and pharmaceutical industries. Here, we develop a predictive model of the phase behavior of binary mixtures of lactones with hydrocarbons, alcohols, ketones, esters, aromatic compounds, water, and carbon dioxide. We extend the group-parameter matrix of the statistical associating fluid theory SAFT-γ Mie group-contribution method by defining a new cyclic ester group, denoted cCOO. The group is composed of two spherical Mie segments and two association electron-donating sites of type e1 that can interact with association electron-accepting sites of type H in other molecules. The model parameters of the new cCOO group interactions (1 like interaction and 17 unlike interactions) are characterized to represent target experimental data of physical properties of pure fluids (vapor pressure, single-phase density, and vaporization enthalpy) and mixtures (vapor-liquid equilibria, liquid-liquid equilibria, solid-liquid equilibria, density, and excess enthalpy). The robustness of the model is assessed by comparing theoretical predictions with experimental data, mainly for oxolan-2-one, 5-methyloxolan-2-one, and oxepan-2-one (also referred to as γ-butyrolactone, γ-valerolactone, and ε-caprolactone, respectively). The calculations are found to be in very good quantitative agreement with experiments. The proposed model allows for accurate predictions of the thermodynamic properties and highly nonideal phase behavior of the systems of interest, such as azeotrope compositions. It can be used to support the development of novel molecules and manufacturing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Bernet
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Sargent Centre for Process Systems Engineering,
Institute for Molecular Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Malak Wehbe
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Sargent Centre for Process Systems Engineering,
Institute for Molecular Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Sara A. Febra
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Sargent Centre for Process Systems Engineering,
Institute for Molecular Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J. Haslam
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Sargent Centre for Process Systems Engineering,
Institute for Molecular Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Claire S. Adjiman
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Sargent Centre for Process Systems Engineering,
Institute for Molecular Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - George Jackson
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Sargent Centre for Process Systems Engineering,
Institute for Molecular Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Amparo Galindo
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Sargent Centre for Process Systems Engineering,
Institute for Molecular Science and Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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6
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Thomsen PT, Meramo S, Ninivaggi L, Pasutto E, Babaei M, Avila-Neto PM, Pastor MC, Sabri P, Rago D, Parekh TU, Hunding S, Christiansen LEJ, Sukumara S, Borodina I. Beet red food colourant can be produced more sustainably with engineered Yarrowia lipolytica. Nat Microbiol 2023; 8:2290-2303. [PMID: 38030899 PMCID: PMC10686825 DOI: 10.1038/s41564-023-01517-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic food colourants are widely used in the food industry, but consumer concerns about safety and sustainability are driving a need for natural food-colour alternatives. Betanin, which is extracted from red beetroots, is a commonly used natural red food colour. However, the betanin content of beetroot is very low (~0.2% wet weight), which means that the extraction of betanin is incredibly wasteful in terms of land use, processing costs and vegetable waste. Here we developed a sustainability-driven biotechnological process for producing red beet betalains, namely, betanin and its isomer isobetanin, by engineering the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. Metabolic engineering and fermentation optimization enabled production of 1,271 ± 141 mg l-1 betanin and 55 ± 7 mg l-1 isobetanin in 51 h using glucose as carbon source in controlled fed-batch fermentations. According to a life cycle assessment, at industrial scale (550 t yr-1), our fermentation process would require significantly less land, energy and resources compared with the traditional extraction of betanin from beetroot crops. Finally, we apply techno-economic assessment to show that betanin production by fermentation could be economically feasible in the existing market conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Tinggaard Thomsen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Samir Meramo
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lorenzo Ninivaggi
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Eleonora Pasutto
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mahsa Babaei
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Paulo Marcelo Avila-Neto
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marc Cernuda Pastor
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Peyman Sabri
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Daniela Rago
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tanmay Utsav Parekh
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sara Hunding
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Sumesh Sukumara
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Irina Borodina
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
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7
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Michailidou F. The Scent of Change: Sustainable Fragrances Through Industrial Biotechnology. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300309. [PMID: 37668275 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Current environmental and safety considerations urge innovation to address the need for sustainable high-value chemicals that are embraced by consumers. This review discusses the concept of sustainable fragrances, as high-value, everyday and everywhere chemicals. Current and emerging technologies represent an opportunity to produce fragrances in an environmentally and socially responsible way. Biotechnology, including fermentation, biocatalysis, and genetic engineering, has the potential to reduce the environmental footprint of fragrance production while maintaining quality and consistency. Computational and in silico methods, including machine learning (ML), are also likely to augment the capabilities of sustainable fragrance production. Continued innovation and collaboration will be crucial to the future of sustainable fragrances, with a focus on developing novel sustainable ingredients, as well as ethical sourcing practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freideriki Michailidou
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
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8
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Zaghen S, Konzock O, Fu J, Kerkhoven EJ. Abolishing storage lipids induces protein misfolding and stress responses in Yarrowia lipolytica. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 50:kuad031. [PMID: 37742215 PMCID: PMC10563384 DOI: 10.1093/jimb/kuad031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Yarrowia lipolytica naturally saves excess carbon as storage lipids. Engineering efforts allow redirecting the high precursor flux required for lipid synthesis toward added-value chemicals such as polyketides, flavonoids, and terpenoids. To redirect precursor flux from storage lipids to other products, four genes involved in triacylglycerol and sterol ester synthesis (DGA1, DGA2, LRO1, and ARE1) can be deleted. To elucidate the effect of the deletions on cell physiology and regulation, we performed chemostat cultivations under carbon and nitrogen limitations, followed by transcriptome analysis. We found that storage lipid-free cells show an enrichment of the unfolded protein response, and several biological processes related to protein refolding and degradation are enriched. Additionally, storage lipid-free cells show an altered lipid class distribution with an abundance of potentially cytotoxic free fatty acids under nitrogen limitation. Our findings not only highlight the importance of lipid metabolism on cell physiology and proteostasis, but can also aid the development of improved chassy strains of Y. lipolytica for commodity chemical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Zaghen
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Oliver Konzock
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jing Fu
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Eduard J Kerkhoven
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Life Sciences, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
- SciLifeLab, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg 412 96, Sweden
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, 2800Lyngby, Denmark
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9
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Smit MS, Maseme MJ, van Marwijk J, Aschenbrenner JC, Opperman DJ. Delineation of the CYP505E subfamily of fungal self-sufficient in-chain hydroxylating cytochrome P450 monooxygenases. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 107:735-747. [PMID: 36607403 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-022-12329-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP450s) are abundant in eukaryotes, specifically in plants and fungi where they play important roles in the synthesis and degradation of secondary metabolites. In eukaryotes, the best studied "self-sufficient" CYP450s, with a fused redox partner, belong to the CYP505 family. Members of the CYP505 family are generally considered sub-terminal fatty acid hydroxylases. CYP505E3 from Aspergillus terreus, however, gives remarkable in-chain hydroxylation at the ω-7 position of C10 to C16 alkanes and C12 and C14 fatty alcohols. Because CYP505E3 is a promising catalyst for the synthesis of δ-dodecalactone, we set out to delineate the unique ω-7 hydroxylase activity of CYP505E3. CYP505E3 and six additional CYP505Es as well as four closely related CYP505s from four different subfamilies were expressed in Pichia pastoris. Only the CYP505Es, sharing more than 70% amino acid identity, displayed significant ω-7 hydroxylase activity toward 1-dodecanol, dodecanoic acid, and tetradecanoic acid giving products that can readily be converted to δ-dodecalactone. Concentrations of δ-dodecalactone, directly extracted from dodecanoic acid biotransformations, were higher than previously obtained with E. coli. Searches of the UniProt and NCBI databases yielded a total of only 23 unique CYP505Es, all from the Aspergillaceae. Given that CYP505Es with this remarkable activity occur in only a few Aspergillus and Penicillium spp., we further explored the genetic environments in which they occur. These were found to be very distinct environments which include a specific ABC transporter but could not be linked to apparent secondary metabolite gene clusters. KEY POINTS: • Identified CYP505Es share > 70% amino acid identity. • CYP505Es hydroxylate 1-dodecanol, dodecanoic, and tetradecanoic acid at ω-7 position. • CYP505E genes occur in Aspergillus and Penicillium spp. near an ABC transporter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha Sophia Smit
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa. .,South African DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Catalysis, c*change, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
| | - Mpeyake Jacob Maseme
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.,South African DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Catalysis, c*change, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jacqueline van Marwijk
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.,South African DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Catalysis, c*change, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Jasmin Cara Aschenbrenner
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.,South African DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Catalysis, c*change, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Diederik Johannes Opperman
- Department of Microbiology and Biochemistry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.,South African DST-NRF Centre of Excellence in Catalysis, c*change, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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10
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Yu Y, Zhou Y, Wang K, Sun T, Lin L, Ledesma-Amaro R, Ji XJ. Metabolic and Process Engineering for Producing the Peach-Like Aroma Compound γ-Decalactone in Yarrowia lipolytica. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:110-120. [PMID: 36579964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Due to its strong and unique peach-like aroma, γ-decalactone is widely used in dairy products and other foods or beverages. The oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, which is generally regarded as safe, has shown great potential in the production of this flavor compound. Recently, the development of metabolic and process engineering has enabled the application of Y. lipolytica for the production of γ-decalactone. This Review summarizes the relevant biosynthesis and degradation pathways of Y. lipolytica, after which the related metabolic engineering strategies to increase the accumulation of γ-decalactone are summarized. In addition, the factors affecting γ-decalactone accumulation in Y. lipolytica are introduced, and corresponding process optimization strategies are discussed. Finally, the current research needs are analyzed to search for remaining challenges and future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yizi Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaifeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
| | - Rodrigo Ledesma-Amaro
- Department of Bioengineering and Imperial College Centre for Synthetic Biology, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao-Jun Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, No. 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, People's Republic of China
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11
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Konzock O, Zaghen S, Fu J, Kerkhoven EJ. Urea is a drop-in nitrogen source alternative to ammonium sulphate in Yarrowia lipolytica. iScience 2022; 25:105703. [PMID: 36567708 PMCID: PMC9772842 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Media components, including the nitrogen source, are significant cost factors in cultivation processes. The nitrogen source also influences cell behavior and production performance. Ammonium sulfate is a widely used nitrogen source for microorganisms' cultivation. Urea is a sustainable and cheap alternative nitrogen source. We investigated the influence of urea as a nitrogen source compared to ammonium sulfate by cultivating phenotypically different Yarrowia lipolytica strains in chemostats under carbon or nitrogen limitation. We found no significant coherent changes in growth and lipid production. RNA sequencing revealed no significant concerted changes in the transcriptome. The genes involved in urea uptake and degradation are not upregulated on a transcriptional level. Our findings support urea usage, indicating that previous metabolic engineering efforts where ammonium sulfate was used are likely translatable to the usage of urea and can ease the way for urea as a cheap and sustainable nitrogen source in more applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Konzock
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Simone Zaghen
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Jing Fu
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Eduard J. Kerkhoven
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden,Corresponding author
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12
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Sreekala AGV, Ismail MHB, Nathan VK. Biotechnological interventions in food waste treatment for obtaining value-added compounds to combat pollution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:62755-62784. [PMID: 35802320 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21794-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Over the last few decades, the globe is facing tremendous effects due to the unnecessary piling of municipal solid waste among which food waste holds a greater portion. This practice not only affects the environment in terms of generating greenhouse gas emissions but when left dumped in landfills will also trigger poverty and malnutrition. This review focuses on the global trend in food waste management strategies involved in the effective utilization of food waste to produce various value-added products in a microbiology aspect, thereby diminishing the negative impacts caused by the unnecessary side effects of non-renewable energy sources. The review also detailed the efficiency of microorganisms in the production of various bio-energies as well. Further, recent attempts to the exploitation of genetically modified microorganisms in producing value-added products were enlisted. This also attempted to address food waste valorization techniques, the combined applications of various processes for an enhanced yield of different compounds, and addressed various challenges. Further, the current challenges involved in various processes and the effective measures to tackle them in the future have been addressed. Thus, the present review has successfully addressed the circular bio-economy in food waste valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Muhammad Heikal Bin Ismail
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Putra, Putrajaya, Malaysia
| | - Vinod Kumar Nathan
- School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed to Be University, Thanjavur, 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India.
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13
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AL Mualad WNA, Bouchedja DN, Selmania A, Maadadi R, Ikhlef A, Kabouche Z, Elmechta L, Boudjellal A. Yeast Yarrowia lipolytica as a biofactory for the production of lactone-type aroma gamma-decalactone using castor oil as substrate. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-022-02435-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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14
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Peoples J, Ruppe S, Mains K, Cipriano EC, Fox JM. A Kinetic Framework for Modeling Oleochemical Biosynthesis in E. coli. Biotechnol Bioeng 2022; 119:3149-3161. [PMID: 35959746 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms build fatty acids with biocatalytic assembly lines, or fatty acid synthases (FASs), that can be repurposed to produce a broad set of fuels and chemicals. Despite their versatility, the product profiles of FAS-based pathways are challenging to adjust without experimental iteration, and off-target products are common. This study uses a detailed kinetic model of the E. coli FAS as a foundation to model nine oleochemical pathways. These models provide good fits to experimental data and help explain unexpected results from in vivo studies. An analysis of pathways for alkanes and fatty acid ethyl esters, for example, suggests that reductions in titer caused by enzyme overexpression-an experimentally consistent phenomenon-can result from shifts in metabolite pools that are incompatible with the substrate specificities of downstream enzymes, and a focused examination of multiple alcohol pathways indicates that coordinated shifts in enzyme concentrations provide a general means of tuning the product profiles of pathways with promiscuous components. The study concludes by integrating all models into a graphical user interface. The models supplied by this work provide a versatile kinetic framework for studying oleochemical pathways in different biochemical contexts. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jackson Peoples
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO, 80303
| | - Sophia Ruppe
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO, 80303
| | - Kathryn Mains
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO, 80303
| | - Elia C Cipriano
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO, 80303
| | - Jerome M Fox
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, 3415 Colorado Avenue, Boulder, CO, 80303
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15
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Petkevicius K, Wenning L, Kildegaard KR, Sinkwitz C, Smedegaard R, Holkenbrink C, Borodina I. Biosynthesis of insect sex pheromone precursors via engineered β-oxidation in yeast. FEMS Yeast Res 2022; 22:6660649. [PMID: 35948277 PMCID: PMC9435373 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foac041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mating disruption with insect sex pheromones is an attractive and environmentally friendly technique for pest management. Several Lepidoptera sex pheromones have been produced in yeast, where biosynthesis could be accomplished by the expression of fatty acyl-CoA desaturases and fatty acyl-CoA reductases. In this study, we aimed to develop yeast Yarrowia lipolytica cell factories for producing Lepidoptera pheromones which biosynthesis additionally requires β-oxidation, such as (Z)-7-dodecenol (Z7-12:OH), (Z)-9-dodecenol (Z9-12:OH), and (Z)-7-tetradecenol (Z7-14:OH). We expressed fatty acyl-CoA desaturases from Drosophila melanogaster (Dmd9) or Lobesia botrana (Lbo_PPTQ) and fatty acyl-CoA reductase from Helicoverpa armigera (HarFAR) in combinations with 11 peroxisomal oxidases of different origins. Yeast cultivations were performed with supplementation of methyl myristate (14:Me). The oxidase Lbo_31670 from L. botrana provided the highest titers of (Z)-7-dodecenoate, (Z)-9-dodecenoate, and (Z)-7-tetradecenoate. However, no chain-shortened fatty alcohols were produced. The mutation of fatty acid synthase (Fas2pI1220F) to increase myristate production did not lead to targeted fatty alcohol production. The problem was solved by directing the reductase into peroxisomes, where the strain with Dmd9 produced 0.10 ± 0.02 mg/l of Z7-12:OH and 0.48 ± 0.03 mg/l of Z7-14:OH, while the strain with Lbo_PPTQ produced 0.21 ± 0.03 mg/l of Z9-12:OH and 0.40 ± 0.07 mg/l of Z7-14:OH. In summary, the engineering of β-oxidation in Y. lipolytica allowed expanding the portfolio of microbially produced insect sex pheromones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolis Petkevicius
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.,BioPhero ApS, Lersø Parkallé 42-44, 4th, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Leonie Wenning
- BioPhero ApS, Lersø Parkallé 42-44, 4th, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | | | | | - Rune Smedegaard
- BioPhero ApS, Lersø Parkallé 42-44, 4th, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | | | - Irina Borodina
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.,BioPhero ApS, Lersø Parkallé 42-44, 4th, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
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Poorinmohammad N, Fu J, Wabeke B, Kerkhoven EJ. Validated Growth Rate-Dependent Regulation of Lipid Metabolism in Yarrowia lipolytica. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158517. [PMID: 35955650 PMCID: PMC9369070 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the strong potential of Yarrowia lipolytica to produce lipids for use as renewable fuels and oleochemicals, it is important to gain in-depth understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying its lipid accumulation. As cellular growth rate affects biomass lipid content, we performed a comparative proteomic analysis of Y. lipolytica grown in nitrogen-limited chemostat cultures at different dilution rates. After confirming the correlation between growth rate and lipid accumulation, we were able to identify various cellular functions and biological mechanisms involved in oleaginousness. Inspection of significantly up- and downregulated proteins revealed nonintuitive processes associated with lipid accumulation in this yeast. This included proteins related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, ER–plasma membrane tether proteins, and arginase. Genetic engineering of selected targets validated that some genes indeed affected lipid accumulation. They were able to increase lipid content and were complementary to other genetic engineering strategies to optimize lipid yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naghmeh Poorinmohammad
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; (N.P.); (J.F.); (B.W.)
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jing Fu
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; (N.P.); (J.F.); (B.W.)
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Bob Wabeke
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; (N.P.); (J.F.); (B.W.)
| | - Eduard J. Kerkhoven
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden; (N.P.); (J.F.); (B.W.)
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Correspondence:
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17
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Arnesen JA, Belmonte Del Ama A, Jayachandran S, Dahlin J, Rago D, Andersen AJC, Borodina I. Engineering of Yarrowia lipolytica for the production of plant triterpenoids: Asiatic, madecassic, and arjunolic acids. Metab Eng Commun 2022; 14:e00197. [PMID: 35433265 PMCID: PMC9011116 DOI: 10.1016/j.mec.2022.e00197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several plant triterpenoids have valuable pharmaceutical properties, but their production and usage is limited since extraction from plants can burden natural resources, and result in low yields and purity. Here, we engineered oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica to produce three valuable plant triterpenoids (asiatic, madecassic, and arjunolic acids) by fermentation. First, we established the recombinant production of precursors, ursolic and oleanolic acids, by expressing plant enzymes in free or fused versions in a Y. lipolytica strain previously optimized for squalene production. Engineered strains produced up to 11.6 mg/g DCW ursolic acid or 10.2 mg/g DCW oleanolic acid. The biosynthetic pathway from ursolic acid was extended by expressing the Centella asiatica cytochrome P450 monoxygenases CaCYP716C11p, CaCYP714E19p, and CaCYP716E41p, resulting in the production of trace amounts of asiatic acid and 0.12 mg/g DCW madecassic acid. Expressing the same C. asiatica cytochromes P450 in oleanolic acid-producing strain resulted in the production of oleanane triterpenoids. Expression of CaCYP716C11p in the oleanolic acid-producing strain yielded 8.9 mg/g DCW maslinic acid. Further expression of a codon-optimized CaCYP714E19p resulted in 4.4 mg/g DCW arjunolic acid. Lastly, arjunolic acid production was increased to 9.1 mg/g DCW by swapping the N-terminal domain of CaCYP714E19p with the N-terminal domain from a Kalopanax septemlobus cytochrome P450. In summary, we have demonstrated the production of asiatic, madecassic, and arjunolic acids in a microbial cell factory. The strains and fermentation processes need to be further improved before the production of these molecules by fermentation can be industrialized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Asmund Arnesen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Arian Belmonte Del Ama
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sidharth Jayachandran
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jonathan Dahlin
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Daniela Rago
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Aaron John Christian Andersen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts plads 221, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Irina Borodina
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, 2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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18
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Wang Y, Liu X, Chen B, Liu W, Guo Z, Liu X, Zhu X, Liu J, Zhang J, Li J, Zhang L, Gao Y, Zhang G, Wang Y, Choudhary MI, Yang S, Jiang H. Metabolic engineering of Yarrowia lipolytica for scutellarin production. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2022; 7:958-964. [PMID: 35756963 PMCID: PMC9184295 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2022.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Scutellarin related drugs have superior therapeutic effects on cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases. Here, an optimal biosynthetic pathway for scutellarin was constructed in Yarrowia lipolytica platform due to its excellent metabolic potential. By integrating multi-copies of core genes from different species, the production of scutellarin was increased from 15.11 mg/L to 94.79 mg/L and the ratio of scutellarin to the main by-product was improved about 110-fold in flask condition. Finally, the production of scutellarin was improved 23-fold and reached to 346 mg/L in fed-batch bioreactor, which was the highest reported titer for de novo production of scutellarin in microbes. Our results represent a solid basis for further production of natural products on unconventional yeasts and have a potential of industrial implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yina Wang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Xiaonan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
- Corresponding author. Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
| | - Bihuan Chen
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430023, China
| | - Zhaokuan Guo
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650201, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Xiangyu Liu
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Xiaoxi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Jiayu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
- College of Life Science and Technology, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430023, China
| | - Yadi Gao
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
| | - Guanghui Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650201, China
| | - Yan Wang
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - M. Iqbal Choudhary
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi, 75270, Pakistan
| | - Shengchao Yang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650201, China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650201, China
- Corresponding author. National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center on Germplasm Innovation and Utilization of Chinese Medicinal Materials in Southwest China, Yunnan Agricultural University, Yunnan, Kunming, 650201, China.
| | - Huifeng Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin, 300308, China
- Corresponding author. Key Laboratory of Systems Microbial Biotechnology, Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin, 300308, China.
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Syed N, Singh S, Chaturvedi S, Nannaware AD, Khare SK, Rout PK. Production of lactones for flavoring and pharmacological purposes from unsaturated lipids: an industrial perspective. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:10047-10078. [PMID: 35531939 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2068124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The enantiomeric pure and natural (+)-Lactones (C ≤ 14) with aromas obtained from fruits and milk are considered flavoring compounds. The flavoring value is related to the lactones' ring size and chain length, which blend in varying concentrations to produce different stone-fruit flavors. The nature-identical and enantiomeric pure (+)-lactones are only produced through whole-cell biotransformation of yeast. The industrially important γ-decalactone and δ-decalactone are produced by a four-step aerobic-oxidation of ricinoleic acid (RA) following the lactonization mechanism. Recently, metabolic engineering strategies have opened up new possibilities for increasing productivity. Another strategy for increasing yield is to immobilize the RA and remove lactones from the broth regularly. Besides flavor impact, γ-, δ-, ε-, ω-lactones of the carbon chain (C8-C12), the macro-lactones and their derivatives are vital in pharmaceuticals and healthcare. These analogues are isolated from natural sources or commercially produced via biotransformation and chemical synthesis processes for medicinal use or as active pharmaceutical ingredients. The various approaches to biotransformation have been discussed in this review to generate more prospects from a commercial point of view. Finally, this work will be regarded as a magical brick capable of containing both traditional and genetic engineering technology while contributing to a wide range of commercial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naziya Syed
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suman Singh
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shivani Chaturvedi
- Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashween Deepak Nannaware
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Gaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sunil Kumar Khare
- Enzyme and Microbial Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Prasant Kumar Rout
- Phytochemistry Division, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Gaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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20
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Sundaramahalingam MA, Sivashanmugam P, Rajeshbanu J, Ashokkumar M. A review on contemporary approaches in enhancing the innate lipid content of yeast cell. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 293:133616. [PMID: 35033523 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.133616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
For the past few decades, industrialization has made a huge environmental hazard to the world with its waste. The approach of waste to wealth in the recent era has made many Eco-economical suggestions for the industries. The valuable products in biorefinery aspects of the eco-economical suggestions include; energy products, high-value drugs and novel materials. Bio-lipids are found to be the major influencing eco-economical products in the process. Production of bio-lipid from microbial sources has paved the way for future research on lipid-bioproducts. The yeast cell is a unique organism with a large unicellular structure capable of accumulating a high amount of lipids. It constitutes 90% of neutral lipids. Various strategies enhance the lipid profile of yeast cells: usage of oleaginous yeast, usage of low cost (or) alternative substrates, developing stress conditions in the growth medium, using genetically modified yeast, altering metabolic pathways of yeast and by using the symbiotic cultures of yeast with other microbes. The metabolic alterations of lipid pathways such as lipid biosynthesis, lipid elongation, lipid accumulation and lipid degradation have been a striking feature of research in lipid-based microbial work. The lipid-bioproducts have also made a strong footprint in the history of alternative energy products. It includes partial acyl glycerol, oleochemicals, phospholipids and biofuels. This report comprises the recent approaches carried out in the yeast cell for enhancing its lipid content. The limitations, challenges and future scope of individual strategies were also highlighted in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Sundaramahalingam
- Chemical and Biochemical Process Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Sivashanmugam
- Chemical and Biochemical Process Engineering Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - J Rajeshbanu
- Department of Life Sciences, Central University of Tamil Nadu, Neelakudi, Thiruvarur, Tamil Nadu, India
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21
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Arnesen JA, Jacobsen IH, Dyekjær JD, Rago D, Kristensen M, Klitgaard AK, Randelovic M, Martinez JL, Borodina I. Production of abscisic acid in the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica. FEMS Yeast Res 2022; 22:6546995. [PMID: 35274684 PMCID: PMC8992728 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foac015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Abscisic acid (ABA) is a phytohormone with applications in agriculture and human health. ABA can be produced by Botrytis cinerea, a plant pathogenic filamentous fungus. However, the cultivation process is lengthy and strain improvement by genetic engineering is difficult. Therefore, we engineered the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica as an alternative host for ABA production. First, we expressed five B. cinerea genes involved in ABA biosynthesis (BcABA1, BcABA2, BcABA3, BcABA4, and BcCPR1) in a Y. lipolytica chassis with optimized mevalonate flux. The strain produced 59.2 mg/L of ABA in small-scale cultivation. Next, we expressed an additional copy of each gene in the strain, but only expression of additional copy of BcABA1 gene increased the ABA titer to 168.5 mg/L. We then integrated additional copies of mevalonate pathway and ABA-biosynthesis encoding genes, and we expressed plant ABA-transporters resulting in an improved strain producing 263.5 mg/L and 9.1 mg/g DCW ABA. Bioreactor cultivation resulted in a specific yield of 12.8 mg/g DCW ABA, however, surprisingly, the biomass level obtained in bioreactors was only 10.5 g DCW/L, with a lower ABA titer of 133.6 mg/L. While further optimization is needed, this study confirms that Y. lipolytica as a potential alternative host for the abscisic acid production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Asmund Arnesen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Irene Hjorth Jacobsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts plads 223, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jane Dannow Dyekjær
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Daniela Rago
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mette Kristensen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Andreas Koedfoed Klitgaard
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Milica Randelovic
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - José Luis Martinez
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts plads 223, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Irina Borodina
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Recent trends in microbial flavour Compounds: A review on Chemistry, synthesis mechanism and their application in food. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:1565-1576. [PMID: 35280596 PMCID: PMC8913424 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Aroma and flavour represent the key components of food that improves the organoleptic characteristics of food and enhances the acceptability of food to consumers. Commercial manufacturing of aromatic and flavouring compounds is from the industry's microbial source, but since time immemorial, its concept has been behind human practices. The interest in microbial flavour compounds has developed in the past several decades because of its sustainable way to supply natural additives for the food processing sector. There are also numerous health benefits from microbial bioprocess products, ranging from antibiotics to fermented functional foods. This review discusses recent developments and advancements in many microbial aromatic and flavouring compounds, their biosynthesis and production by diverse types of microorganisms, their use in the food industry, and a brief overview of their health benefits for customers.
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Li S, Rong L, Wang S, Liu S, Lu Z, Miao L, Zhao B, Zhang C, Xiao D, Pushpanathan K, Wong A, Yu A. Enhanced limonene production by metabolically engineered Yarrowia lipolytica from cheap carbon sources. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.117342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Karaalioğlu O, Yüceer YK. Nonconventional yeasts to produce aroma compounds by using agri-food waste materials. FEMS Yeast Res 2021; 21:6455311. [PMID: 34875055 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foab063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, biotechnological applications are emphasized to ensure sustainable development by reutilizing waste materials to prevent ecological problems and to produce or recover compounds that may have positive effects on health. Yeasts are fascinating microorganisms that play a key role in several traditional and innovative processes. Although Saccharomyces is the most important genus of yeasts, and they are major producers of biotechnological products worldwide, a variety of other yeast genera and species than Saccharomyces that are called 'non-Saccharomyces' or 'nonconventional' yeasts also have important potential for use in biotechnological applications. Some of the nonconventional yeast strains offer a unique potential for biotechnological applications to produce valuable secondary metabolites due to their characteristics of surviving and growing in such extreme conditions, e.g. wide substrate range, rapid growth, thermotolerance, etc. In this review, we aimed to summarize potential biotechnological applications of some nonconventional yeasts (Kluyveromyces spp., Yarrowia spp., Pichia spp., Candida spp., etc.) to produce industrially important aroma compounds (phenylethyl alcohol, phenylethyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, diacetyl, etc.) by reutilizing agri-food waste materials in order to prevent ecological problems and to produce or recover compounds that may have positive effects on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Karaalioğlu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17020 Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Yonca Karagül Yüceer
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, 17020 Çanakkale, Turkey
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25
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Wang G, Olofsson-Dolk M, Hansson FG, Donati S, Li X, Chang H, Cheng J, Dahlin J, Borodina I. Engineering Yeast Yarrowia lipolytica for Methanol Assimilation. ACS Synth Biol 2021; 10:3537-3550. [PMID: 34797975 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.1c00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Conferring methylotrophy on industrial microorganisms would enable the production of diverse products from one-carbon feedstocks and contribute to establishing a low-carbon society. Rebuilding methylotrophs, however, requires a thorough metabolic refactoring and is highly challenging. Only recently was synthetic methylotrophy achieved in model microorganisms─Escherichia coli and baker's yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here, we have engineered industrially important yeast Yarrowia lipolytica to assimilate methanol. Through rationally constructing a chimeric assimilation pathway, rewiring the native metabolism for improved precursor supply, and laboratory evolution, we improved the methanol assimilation from undetectable to a level of 1.1 g/L per 72 h and enabled methanol-supported cellular maintenance. By transcriptomic analysis, we further found that fine-tuning of methanol assimilation and ribulose monophosphate/xylulose monophosphate (RuMP/XuMP) regeneration and strengthening formate dehydrogenation and the serine pathway were beneficial for methanol assimilation. This work paves the way for creating synthetic methylotrophic yeast cell factories for low-carbon economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guokun Wang
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Mattis Olofsson-Dolk
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Frederik Gleerup Hansson
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Stefano Donati
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Xiaolin Li
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Hong Chang
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Jian Cheng
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin 300308, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Jonathan Dahlin
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
| | - Irina Borodina
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby 2800, Denmark
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26
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van der Hoek SA, Rusnák M, Jacobsen IH, Martínez JL, Kell DB, Borodina I. Engineering ergothioneine production in Yarrowia lipolytica. FEBS Lett 2021; 596:1356-1364. [PMID: 34817066 PMCID: PMC9299812 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Ergothioneine is a naturally occurring antioxidant that has shown potential in ameliorating neurodegenerative and cardiovascular diseases. In this study, we investigated the potential of the Crabtree‐negative, oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica as an alternative host for ergothioneine production. We expressed the biosynthetic enzymes EGT1 from Neurospora crassa and EGT2 from Claviceps purpurea to obtain 158 mg·L−1 of ergothioneine in small‐scale cultivation, with an additional copy of each gene improving the titer to 205 mg·L−1. The effect of phosphate limitation on ergothioneine production was studied, and finally, a phosphate‐limited fed‐batch fermentation in 1 L bioreactors yielded 1.63 ± 0.04 g·L−1 ergothioneine in 220 h, corresponding to an overall volumetric productivity of 7.41 mg·L−1·h−1, showing that Y. lipolytica is a promising host for ergothioneine production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven A van der Hoek
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Matej Rusnák
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Irene Hjorth Jacobsen
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - José L Martínez
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Douglas B Kell
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.,Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, UK
| | - Irina Borodina
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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Perli T, Borodina I, Daran JM. Engineering of molybdenum-cofactor-dependent nitrate assimilation in Yarrowia lipolytica. FEMS Yeast Res 2021; 21:6370176. [PMID: 34519821 PMCID: PMC8456426 DOI: 10.1093/femsyr/foab050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Engineering a new metabolic function in a microbial host can be limited by the availability of the relevant cofactor. For instance, in Yarrowia lipolytica, the expression of a functional nitrate reductase is precluded by the absence of molybdenum cofactor (Moco) biosynthesis. In this study, we demonstrated that the Ogataea parapolymorpha Moco biosynthesis pathway combined with the expression of a high affinity molybdate transporter could lead to the synthesis of Moco in Y. lipolytica. The functionality of Moco was demonstrated by expression of an active Moco-dependent nitrate assimilation pathway from the same yeast donor, O. parapolymorpha. In addition to 11 heterologous genes, fast growth on nitrate required adaptive laboratory evolution which, resulted in up to 100-fold increase in nitrate reductase activity and in up to 4-fold increase in growth rate, reaching 0.13h-1. Genome sequencing of evolved isolates revealed the presence of a limited number of non-synonymous mutations or small insertions/deletions in annotated coding sequences. This study that builds up on a previous work establishing Moco synthesis in S. cerevisiae demonstrated that the Moco pathway could be successfully transferred in very distant yeasts and, potentially, to any other genera, which would enable the expression of new enzyme families and expand the nutrient range used by industrial yeasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Perli
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Irina Borodina
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet, Building 220, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jean-Marc Daran
- Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ, Delft, The Netherlands
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Ene-reductase transformation of massoia lactone to δ-decalactone in a continuous-flow reactor. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18794. [PMID: 34552113 PMCID: PMC8458379 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97585-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The demand for natural food flavorings increases every year. Biotransformation has become an attractive approach to obtain natural products. In this work, enantiomerically pure (R)-(+)-δ-decalactone was obtained by reduction of the C=C double bond of natural massoia lactone in a continuous-flow reactor. Of 13 different ene-reductases isolated, purified and tested, OYE3 was found to be the most efficient biocatalyst. The selected biocatalyst, either in the form of purified enzyme, cell lysate, whole cells or immobilized cells, was tested in the batch system as well as in the packed-bed flow bioreactor. The biotransformation performed in batch mode, using Ca2+-alginate immobilized cells of Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)/pET30a-OYE3, furnished the desired product with complete conversion in 30 min. The process was intensified using a continuous-flow reactor-membrane filtration system (flow 0.1 mL/min, substrate concentration 10 mM, pH 7, 24 °C) with cell lysate as biocatalyst combined with a cofactor regeneration system, which allowed obtaining > 99% bioconversion of massoia lactone.
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29
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Microbial Biosynthesis of Lactones: Gaps and Opportunities towards Sustainable Production. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app11188500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lactones are volatile organic compounds widely present in foods. These chemicals are applied as flavors and fragrances in the food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. Recently, the potential of lactones as green solvents and fuel precursors reinforced their role as platform compounds of future bio-based economies. However, their current mode of production needs to change. Lactones are mainly obtained through chemical synthesis or microbial biotransformation of hydroxy fatty acids. The latter approach is preferred but still needs to use more sustainable substrates. Hydroxy fatty acids are non-abundant and non-sustainable substrates from environmental, health and economic points of view. Therefore, it is urgent to identify and engineer microorganisms with the rare ability to biosynthesize lactones from carbohydrates or renewable lipids. Here, we firstly address the variety and importance of lactones. Then, the current understanding of the biosynthetic pathways involved in lactone biosynthesis is presented, making use of the knowledge acquired in microorganisms and fruits. From there, we present and make the distinction between biotransformation processes and de novo biosynthesis of lactones. Finally, the opportunities and challenges towards more sustainable production in addition to the relevance of two well-known industrial microbes, the filamentous fungus Ashbya gossypii and the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica, are discussed.
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Heath RS, Ruscoe RE, Turner NJ. The beauty of biocatalysis: sustainable synthesis of ingredients in cosmetics. Nat Prod Rep 2021; 39:335-388. [PMID: 34879125 DOI: 10.1039/d1np00027f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Covering: 2015 up to July 2021The market for cosmetics is consumer driven and the desire for green, sustainable and natural ingredients is increasing. The use of isolated enzymes and whole-cell organisms to synthesise these products is congruent with these values, especially when combined with the use of renewable, recyclable or waste feedstocks. The literature of biocatalysis for the synthesis of ingredients in cosmetics in the past five years is herein reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel S Heath
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
| | - Rebecca E Ruscoe
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
| | - Nicholas J Turner
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.
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Fermentation of Agri-Food Waste: A Promising Route for the Production of Aroma Compounds. Foods 2021; 10:foods10040707. [PMID: 33810435 PMCID: PMC8066995 DOI: 10.3390/foods10040707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Food waste and byproducts are generated along the entire food processing and storage chain. The large amount of waste deriving from the whole process represents not only a great economic loss but also an important ethical and environmental issue in terms of failure to recycle potentially reusable materials. New, clear strategies are needed to limit the amount of waste produced and, at the same time, promote its enhancement for further conversion and application to different industrial fields. This review gives an overview of the biological approaches used so far to exploit agri-food wastes and byproducts. The application of solid-state fermentation by different microorganisms (fungi, yeasts, bacteria) to produce several value-added products was analyzed, focusing on the exploitation of lactic acid bacteria as workhorses for the production of flavoring compounds.
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Konzock O, Zaghen S, Norbeck J. Tolerance of Yarrowia lipolytica to inhibitors commonly found in lignocellulosic hydrolysates. BMC Microbiol 2021; 21:77. [PMID: 33685391 PMCID: PMC7938539 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-021-02126-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lignocellulosic material is a suitable renewable carbon and energy source for microbial cell factories, such as Yarrowia lipolytica. To be accessible for microorganisms, the constituent sugars need to be released in a hydrolysis step, which as a side effect leads to the formation of various inhibitory compounds. However, the effects of these inhibitory compounds on the growth of Y. lipolytica have not been thoroughly investigated. RESULTS Here we show the individual and combined effect of six inhibitors from three major inhibitor groups on the growth of Y. lipolytica. We engineered a xylose consuming strain by overexpressing the three native genes XR, XDH, and XK and found that the inhibitor tolerance of Y. lipolytica is similar in glucose and in xylose. Aromatic compounds could be tolerated at high concentrations, while furfural linearly increased the lag phase of the cultivation, and hydroxymethylfurfural only inhibited growth partially. The furfural induced increase in lag phase can be overcome by an increased volume of inoculum. Formic acid only affected growth at concentrations above 25 mM. In a synthetic hydrolysate, formic acid, furfural, and coniferyl aldehyde were identified as the major growth inhibitors. CONCLUSION We showed the individual and combined effect of inhibitors found in hydrolysate on the growth of Y. lipolytica. Our study improves understanding of the growth limiting inhibitors found in hydrolysate and enables a more targeted engineering approach to increase the inhibitor tolerance of Y. lipolytica. This will help to improve the usage of Y. lipolytica as a sustainable microbial cell factory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Konzock
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Simone Zaghen
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Joakim Norbeck
- Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden.
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Verdugo P, Lligadas G, Ronda JC, Galià M, Cádiz V. Bio-based ABA triblock copolymers with central degradable moieties. Eur Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2021.110321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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34
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Paulino BN, Sales A, Felipe L, Pastore GM, Molina G, Bicas JL. Recent advances in the microbial and enzymatic production of aroma compounds. Curr Opin Food Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cofs.2020.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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35
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Ramos-Escudero F, Morales MT, Ramos Escudero M, Muñoz AM, Cancino Chavez K, Asuero AG. Assessment of phenolic and volatile compounds of commercial Sacha inchi oils and sensory evaluation. Food Res Int 2021; 140:110022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2020.110022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 11/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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36
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Zhang Y, Nielsen J, Liu Z. Yeast based biorefineries for oleochemical production. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2020; 67:26-34. [PMID: 33360103 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Biosynthesis of oleochemicals enables sustainable production of natural and unnatural alternatives from renewable feedstocks. Yeast cell factories have been extensively studied and engineered to produce a variety of oleochemicals, focusing on both central carbon metabolism and lipid metabolism. Here, we review recent progress towards oleochemical synthesis in yeast based biorefineries, as well as utilization of alternative renewable feedstocks, such as xylose and l-arabinose. We also review recent studies of C1 compound utilization or co-utilization and discuss how these studies can lead to third generation yeast based biorefineries for oleochemical production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Jens Nielsen
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China; Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden; BioInnovation Institute, Ole Maaløes Vej 3, DK2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark.
| | - Zihe Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China.
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Sáez-Sáez J, Wang G, Marella ER, Sudarsan S, Cernuda Pastor M, Borodina I. Engineering the oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica for high-level resveratrol production. Metab Eng 2020; 62:51-61. [PMID: 32818629 PMCID: PMC7672257 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymben.2020.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Resveratrol is a plant secondary metabolite with multiple health-beneficial properties. Microbial production of resveratrol in model microorganisms requires extensive engineering to reach commercially viable levels. Here, we explored the potential of the non-conventional yeast Yarrowia lipolytica to produce resveratrol and several other shikimate pathway-derived metabolites (p-coumaric acid, cis,cis-muconic acid, and salicylic acid). The Y. lipolytica strain expressing a heterologous pathway produced 52.1 ± 1.2 mg/L resveratrol in a small-scale cultivation. The titer increased to 409.0 ± 1.2 mg/L when the strain was further engineered with feedback-insensitive alleles of the key genes in the shikimate pathway and with five additional copies of the heterologous biosynthetic genes. In controlled fed-batch bioreactor, the strain produced 12.4 ± 0.3 g/L resveratrol, the highest reported titer to date for de novo resveratrol production, with a yield on glucose of 54.4 ± 1.6 mg/g and a productivity of 0.14 ± 0.01 g/L/h. The study showed that Y. lipolytica is an attractive host organism for the production of resveratrol and possibly other shikimate-pathway derived metabolites. Oleaginous yeast Y. lipolytica was engineered for production of aromatic compounds. High resveratrol production required increased activities of Aro4p and Aro7p. Multiple integration of resveratrol biosynthetic genes improved production. Fed-batch fermentation enabled de novo production of 12.4 g/L resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Sáez-Sáez
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Guokun Wang
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Eko Roy Marella
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Suresh Sudarsan
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marc Cernuda Pastor
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Irina Borodina
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
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Arnesen JA, Kildegaard KR, Cernuda Pastor M, Jayachandran S, Kristensen M, Borodina I. Yarrowia lipolytica Strains Engineered for the Production of Terpenoids. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:945. [PMID: 32923433 PMCID: PMC7456906 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Terpenoids are a diverse group of over 55,000 compounds with potential applications as advanced fuels, bulk and fine chemicals, pharmaceutical ingredients, agricultural chemicals, etc. To facilitate their bio-based production, there is a need for plug-and-play hosts, capable of high-level production of different terpenoids. Here we engineer Yarrowia lipolytica platform strains for the overproduction of mono-, sesqui-, di-, tri-, and tetraterpenoids. The monoterpene platform strain was evaluated by expressing Perilla frutescens limonene synthase, which resulted in limonene titer of 35.9 mg/L and was 100-fold higher than when the same enzyme was expressed in the strain without mevalonate pathway improvement. Expression of Callitropsis nootkatensis valencene synthase in the sesquiterpene platform strain resulted in 113.9 mg/L valencene, an 8.4-fold increase over the control strain. Platform strains for production of squalene, complex triterpenes, or diterpenes and carotenoids were also constructed and resulted in the production of 402.4 mg/L squalene, 22 mg/L 2,3-oxidosqualene, or 164 mg/L β-carotene, respectively. The presented terpenoid platform strains can facilitate the evaluation of terpenoid biosynthetic pathways and are a convenient starting point for constructing efficient cell factories for the production of various terpenoids. The platform strains and exemplary terpenoid strains can be obtained from Euroscarf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Asmund Arnesen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Marc Cernuda Pastor
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sidharth Jayachandran
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mette Kristensen
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Irina Borodina
- The Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
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Wehrs M, de Beaumont-Felt A, Goranov A, Harrigan P, de Kok S, Lieder S, Vallandingham J, Tyner K. You get what you screen for: on the value of fermentation characterization in high-throughput strain improvements in industrial settings. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 47:913-927. [PMID: 32743733 PMCID: PMC7695661 DOI: 10.1007/s10295-020-02295-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
While design and high-throughput build approaches in biotechnology have increasingly gained attention over the past decade, approaches to test strain performance in high-throughput have received less discussion in the literature. Here, we describe how fermentation characterization can be used to improve the overall efficiency of high-throughput DBTAL (design-build-test-analyze-learn) cycles in an industrial context. Fermentation characterization comprises an in-depth study of strain performance in a bioreactor setting and involves semi-frequent sampling and analytical measurement of substrates, cell densities and viabilities, and (by)products. We describe how fermentation characterization can be used to (1) improve (high-throughput) strain design approaches; (2) enable the development of bench-scale fermentation processes compatible with a wide diversity of strains; and (3) inform the development of high-throughput plate-based strain testing procedures for improved performance at larger scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maren Wehrs
- Zymergen Inc., 5980 Horton Street, Suite #105, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
| | | | - Alexi Goranov
- Zymergen Inc., 5980 Horton Street, Suite #105, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
| | - Patrick Harrigan
- Zymergen Inc., 5980 Horton Street, Suite #105, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
| | - Stefan de Kok
- Zymergen Inc., 5980 Horton Street, Suite #105, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
| | - Sarah Lieder
- Zymergen Inc., 5980 Horton Street, Suite #105, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
| | - Jim Vallandingham
- Zymergen Inc., 5980 Horton Street, Suite #105, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA
| | - Kristina Tyner
- Zymergen Inc., 5980 Horton Street, Suite #105, Emeryville, CA, 94608, USA.
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Boratyński F, Szczepańska E, De Simeis D, Serra S, Brenna E. Bacterial Biotransformation of Oleic Acid: New Findings on the Formation of γ-Dodecalactone and 10-Ketostearic Acid in the Culture of Micrococcus luteus. Molecules 2020; 25:E3024. [PMID: 32630666 PMCID: PMC7411827 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25133024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbial conversion of oleic acid (1) to form value-added industrial products has gained increasing scientific and economic interest. So far, the production of natural lactones with flavor and fragrance properties from fatty acids by non-genetically modified organisms (non-GMO) involves whole cells of bacteria catalyzing the hydration of unsaturated fatty acids as well as yeast strains responsible for further β-oxidation processes. Development of a non-GMO process, involving a sole strain possessing both enzymatic activities, significantly lowers the costs of the process and constitutes a better method from the customers' point of view regarding biosafety issues. Twenty bacteria from the genus of Bacillus, Comamonas, Dietzia, Gordonia, Micrococcus, Pseudomonas, Rhodococcus and Streptomyces were screened for oxidative functionalization of oleic acid (1). Micrococcus luteus PCM525 was selected as the sole strain catalyzing the one-pot transformation of oleic acid (1) into natural valuable peach and strawberry-flavored γ-dodecalactone (6) used in the food, beverage, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries. Based on the identified products formed during the process of biotransformation, we clearly established a pathway showing that oleic acid (1) is hydrated to 10-hydroxystearic acid (2), then oxidized to 10-ketostearic acid (3), giving 4-ketolauric acid (4) after three cycles of β-oxidation, which is subsequently reduced and cyclized to γ-dodecalactone (6) (Scheme 1). Moreover, three other strains (Rhodococcus erythropolis DSM44534, Rhodococcus ruber PCM2166, Dietzia sp. DSM44016), with high concomitant activities of oleate hydratase and alcohol dehydrogenase, were identified as efficient producers of 10-ketostearic acid (3), which can be used in lubricant and detergent formulations. Considering the prevalence of γ-dodecalactone (6) and 10-ketostearic acid (3) applications and the economic benefits of sustainable management, microbial bioconversion of oleic acid (1) is an undeniably attractive approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filip Boratyński
- Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Ewa Szczepańska
- Department of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 25, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland;
| | - Davide De Simeis
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC)—CNR, Via Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milan, Italy; (D.D.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Stefano Serra
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC)—CNR, Via Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milan, Italy; (D.D.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Elisabetta Brenna
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali ed Ingegneria Chimica “Giulio Natta” Politecnico di Milano, Via Mancinelli 7, I-20131 Milan, Italy;
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Małajowicz J, Nowak D, Fabiszewska A, Iuliano A. Comparison of gamma-decalactone biosynthesis by yeast Yarrowia lipolytica MTLY40-2p and W29 in batch-cultures. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2020.1749528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jolanta Małajowicz
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dorota Nowak
- Department of Food Engineering and Process Management, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Fabiszewska
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Food Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences – SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Iuliano
- Department of Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Warsaw, Poland
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Konzock O, Norbeck J. Deletion of MHY1 abolishes hyphae formation in Yarrowia lipolytica without negative effects on stress tolerance. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0231161. [PMID: 32243483 PMCID: PMC7122783 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a need for development of sustainable production processes for production of fats/oils and lipid derived chemicals. The dimorphic oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica is a promising organism for conversion of biomass hydrolysate to lipids, but in many such processes hyphae formation will be problematic. We have therefore constructed and compared the performance of strains carrying deletions in several published gene targets suggested to abolish hyphae formation (MHY1, HOY1 and CLA4). The MHY1-deletion was the only of the tested strains which did not exhibit hyphae formation under any of the conditions tested. The MHY1-deletion also had a weak positive effect on lipid accumulation without affecting the total fatty acid composition, irrespective of the nitrogen source used. MHY1 has been suggested to constitute a functional homolog of the stress responsive transcription factors MSN2/4 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the deletion of which are highly stress sensitive. However, the deletion of MHY1 displayed only minor difference on survival of a range of acute or long term stress and starvation conditions. We conclude that the deletion of MHY1 in Y.lipolytica is a reliable way of abolishing hyphae formation with few detectable negative side effects regarding growth, stress tolerance and lipid accumulation and composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Konzock
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Joakim Norbeck
- Division of Systems and Synthetic Biology, Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, Göteborg, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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Lu Y, Yang Q, Lin Z, Yang X. A modular pathway engineering strategy for the high-level production of β-ionone in Yarrowia lipolytica. Microb Cell Fact 2020; 19:49. [PMID: 32103761 PMCID: PMC7045511 DOI: 10.1186/s12934-020-01309-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The GRAS and oleaginous yeast Yarrowia lipolytica (Y. lipolytica) is an attractive cell factory for the production of chemicals and biofuels. The production of many natural products of commercial interest have been investigated in this cell factory by introducing heterologous biosynthetic pathways and by modifying the endogenous pathways. However, since natural products anabolism involves long pathways and complex regulation, re-channelling carbon into the product of target compounds is still a cumbersome work, and often resulting in low production performance. Results In this work, the carotenogenic genes contained carB and bi-functional carRP from Mucor circinelloides and carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase 1 (CCD1) from Petunia hybrida were introduced to Y. lipolytica and led to the low production of β-ionone of 3.5 mg/L. To further improve the β-ionone synthesis, we implemented a modular engineering strategy for the construction and optimization of a biosynthetic pathway for the overproduction of β-ionone in Y. lipolytica. The strategy involved the enhancement of the cytosolic acetyl-CoA supply and the increase of MVA pathway flux, yielding a β-ionone titer of 358 mg/L in shake-flask fermentation and approximately 1 g/L (~ 280-fold higher than the baseline strain) in fed-batch fermentation. Conclusions An efficient β-ionone producing GRAS Y. lipolytica platform was constructed by combining integrated overexpressed of heterologous and native genes. A modular engineering strategy involved the optimization pathway and fermentation condition was investigated in the engineered strain and the highest β-ionone titer reported to date by a cell factory was achieved. This effective strategy can be adapted to enhance the biosynthesis of other terpenoids in Y. lipolytica.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Lu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, 382 East Outer Loop Road, University Park, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qingyu Yang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, 382 East Outer Loop Road, University Park, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zhanglin Lin
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, 382 East Outer Loop Road, University Park, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, 382 East Outer Loop Road, University Park, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Sharma A, Sharma P, Singh J, Singh S, Nain L. Prospecting the Potential of Agroresidues as Substrate for Microbial Flavor Production. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2020.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
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