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van de Vlekkert D, Hu H, Weesner JA, Fremuth LE, Brown SA, Lu M, Gomero E, Campos Y, Sheppard H, d'Azzo A. AAV-mediated gene therapy for sialidosis. Mol Ther 2024; 32:2094-2112. [PMID: 38796704 PMCID: PMC11287007 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2024.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Sialidosis (mucolipidosis I) is a glycoprotein storage disease, clinically characterized by a spectrum of systemic and neurological phenotypes. The primary cause of the disease is deficiency of the lysosomal sialidase NEU1, resulting in accumulation of sialylated glycoproteins/oligosaccharides in tissues and body fluids. Neu1-/- mice recapitulate the severe, early-onset forms of the disease, affecting visceral organs, muscles, and the nervous system, with widespread lysosomal vacuolization evident in most cell types. Sialidosis is considered an orphan disorder with no therapy currently available. Here, we assessed the therapeutic potential of AAV-mediated gene therapy for the treatment of sialidosis. Neu1-/- mice were co-injected with two scAAV2/8 vectors, expressing human NEU1 and its chaperone PPCA. Treated mice were phenotypically indistinguishable from their WT controls. NEU1 activity was restored to different extent in most tissues, including the brain, heart, muscle, and visceral organs. This resulted in diminished/absent lysosomal vacuolization in multiple cell types and reversal of sialyl-oligosacchariduria. Lastly, normalization of lysosomal exocytosis in the cerebrospinal fluids and serum of treated mice, coupled to diminished neuroinflammation, were measures of therapeutic efficacy. These findings point to AAV-mediated gene therapy as a suitable treatment for sialidosis and possibly other diseases, associated with low NEU1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Huimin Hu
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Jason A Weesner
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Leigh E Fremuth
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Scott A Brown
- Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Meifen Lu
- Devision of Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Elida Gomero
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Yvan Campos
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Heather Sheppard
- Devision of Comparative Pathology, Department of Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Alessandra d'Azzo
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA; Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Graduate Health Sciences, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA.
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Hwu WL, Chang K, Liu YH, Wang HC, Lee NC, Chien YH. Gene therapy corrects the neurological deficits of mice with sialidosis. Gene Ther 2024; 31:263-272. [PMID: 38321198 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-024-00443-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Patients with sialidosis (mucolipidosis type I) type I typically present with myoclonus, seizures, ataxia, cherry-red spots, and blindness because of mutations in the neuraminidase 1 (NEU1) gene. Currently, there is no treatment for sialidosis. In this study, we developed an adeno-associated virus (AAV)-mediated gene therapy for a Neu1 knockout (Neu1-/-) mouse model of sialidosis. The vector, AAV9-P3-NP, included the human NEU1 promoter, NEU1 cDNA, IRES, and CTSA cDNA. Untreated Neu1-/- mice showed astrogliosis and microglial LAMP1 accumulation in the nervous system, including brain, spinal cord, and dorsal root ganglion, together with impaired motor function. Coexpression of NEU1 and protective protein/cathepsin A (PPCA) in neonatal Neu1-/- mice by intracerebroventricular injection, and less effective by facial vein injection, decreased astrogliosis and LAMP1 accumulation in the nervous system and improved rotarod performance of the treated mice. Facial vein injection also improved the grip strength and survival of Neu1-/- mice. Therefore, cerebrospinal fluid delivery of AAV9-P3-NP, which corrects the neurological deficits of mice with sialidosis, could be a suitable treatment for patients with sialidosis type I. After intracerebroventricular or facial vein injection of AAV vectors, NEU1 and PPCA are expressed together. PPCA-protected NEU1 is then sent to lysosomes, where β-Gal binds to this complex to form a multienzyme complex in order to execute its function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wuh-Liang Hwu
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- Precision Medical Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Karine Chang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yu-Han Liu
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hao-Chun Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ni-Chung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yin-Hsiu Chien
- Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Medical Genetics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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3
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Pokharel P, Dawadi A, Baral B, Dhungana S, Baskota A, Poudel DR. Juvenile sialidosis: a rare case and review of the literature. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2024; 86:2248-2252. [PMID: 38576973 PMCID: PMC10990341 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Sialidosis is a rare variety of lysosomal storage disease that results in intracellular accumulation of sialic acid containing compounds. The authors report the first case of type II sialidosis, juvenile subtype in a 30-month-old male child from Nepal. Case presentation Progressive hearing loss with coarse facies, hepatomegaly, kyphoscoliosis, dysostosis multiplex were the major features in a 30-month-old child born to healthy non-consanguineous parents. With the suspicion of lysosomal storage disease, urinary oligosaccharides were tested and were positive. Whole-exome sequencing revealed a mutation in the neuraminidase gene (NEU1) and established the diagnosis of sialidosis. Clinical discussion Sialidosis is a rare autosomal recessive type of lysosomal storage disease resulting due to mutation of the neuraminidase gene leading to intracellular accumulation of sialic acid compounds. Based on the presence of visual symptoms, sialidosis is classified into type I and II varieties. Our case is of type II juvenile sialidosis. Conclusion Despite rare, sialidosis is a life-threatening, and disabling disease. Exploring targeted therapy is the utmost to treat this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aakriti Dawadi
- Maharajgunj Medical Campus, Institute of Medicine, Tribhuvan University
| | - Biraj Baral
- Kathmandu Medical College and Teaching Hospital
| | - Sunil Dhungana
- Department of Pediatrics, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu Nepal
| | | | - Daman Raj Poudel
- Department of Pediatrics, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu Nepal
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Itoh K, Tsukimoto J. Lysosomal sialidase NEU1, its intracellular properties, deficiency, and use as a therapeutic agent. Glycoconj J 2023; 40:611-619. [PMID: 38147151 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-023-10135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Neuraminidase 1 (NEU1) is a lysosomal sialidase that cleaves terminal α-linked sialic acid residues from sialylglycans. NEU1 is biosynthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) lumen as an N-glycosylated protein to associate with its protective protein/cathepsin A (CTSA) and then form a lysosomal multienzyme complex (LMC) also containing β-galactosidase 1 (GLB1). Unlike other mammalian sialidases, including NEU2 to NEU4, NEU1 transport to lysosomes requires association of NEU1 with CTSA, binding of the CTSA carrying terminal mannose 6-phosphate (M6P)-type N-glycan with M6P receptor (M6PR), and intralysosomal NEU1 activation at acidic pH. In contrast, overexpression of the single NEU1 gene in mammalian cells causes intracellular NEU1 protein crystallization in the RER due to self-aggregation when intracellular CTSA is reduced to a relatively low level. Sialidosis (SiD) and galactosialidosis (GS) are autosomal recessive lysosomal storage diseases caused by the gene mutations of NEU1 and CTSA, respectively. These incurable diseases associate with the NEU1 deficiency, excessive accumulation of sialylglycans in neurovisceral organs, and systemic manifestations. We established a novel GS model mouse carrying homozygotic Ctsa IVS6 + 1 g/a mutation causing partial exon 6 skipping with simultaneous deficiency of Ctsa and Neu1. Symptoms developed in the GS mice like those in juvenile/adult GS patients, such as myoclonic seizures, suppressed behavior, gargoyle-like face, edema, proctoptosis due to Neu1 deficiency, and sialylglycan accumulation associated with neurovisceral inflammation. We developed a modified NEU1 (modNEU1), which does not form protein crystals but is transported to lysosomes by co-expressed CTSA. In vivo gene therapy for GS and SiD utilizing a single adeno-associated virus (AAV) carrying modNEU1 and CTSA genes under dual promoter control will be created.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohji Itoh
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, Institute for Medicinal Biotechnology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan.
| | - Jun Tsukimoto
- Department of Medicinal Biotechnology, Institute for Medicinal Biotechnology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokushima University, Tokushima, Japan
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5
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van de Vlekkert D, Hu H, Fremuth LE, Brown SA, Weesner JA, Gomero E, Campos Y, d'Azzo A. AAV-mediated gene therapy for Sialidosis. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.10.566667. [PMID: 38014061 PMCID: PMC10680618 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.10.566667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Sialidosis is a glycoprotein storage disease caused by deficiency of the lysosomal sialidase NEU1, which leads to pathogenic accumulation of sialylated glycoproteins and oligosaccharides in tissues and body fluids. The disease belongs to the group of orphan disorders with no therapy currently available. Here, we have tested the therapeutic potential of AAV-mediated gene therapy for the treatment of sialidosis in a mouse model of the disease. One-month-old Neu1 -/- mice were co-injected with two scAAV2/8 vectors, expressing NEU1 and its chaperone PPCA, and sacrificed at 3 months post-injection. Treated mice were phenotypically indistinguishable from their WT controls. Histopathologically, they showed diminished or absent vacuolization in cells of visceral organs, including the kidney, as well as the choroid plexus and other areas of the brain. This was accompanied by restoration of NEU1 activity in most tissues, reversal of sialyl-oligosacchariduria, and normalization of lysosomal exocytosis in the CSF and serum of treated mice. AAV injection prevented the occurrence of generalized fibrosis, which is a prominent contributor of disease pathogenesis in Neu1 -/- mice and likely in patients. Overall, this therapeutic strategy holds promise for the treatment of sialidosis and may be applicable to adult forms of human idiopathic fibrosis with low NEU1 expression.
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6
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Gorelik A, Illes K, Mazhab-Jafari MT, Nagar B. Structure of the immunoregulatory sialidase NEU1. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadf8169. [PMID: 37205763 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adf8169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Sialic acids linked to glycoproteins and glycolipids are important mediators of cell and protein recognition events. These sugar residues are removed by neuraminidases (sialidases). Neuraminidase-1 (sialidase-1 or NEU1) is a ubiquitously expressed mammalian sialidase located in lysosomes and on the cell membrane. Because of its modulation of multiple signaling processes, it is a potential therapeutic target for cancers and immune disorders. Genetic defects in NEU1 or in its protective protein cathepsin A (PPCA, CTSA) cause the lysosomal storage diseases sialidosis and galactosialidosis. To further our understanding of this enzyme's function at the molecular level, we determined the three-dimensional structure of murine NEU1. The enzyme oligomerizes through two self-association interfaces and displays a wide substrate-binding cavity. A catalytic loop adopts an inactive conformation. We propose a mechanism of activation involving a conformational change in this loop upon binding to its protective protein. These findings may facilitate the development of selective inhibitor and agonist therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexei Gorelik
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Katalin Illes
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mohammad T Mazhab-Jafari
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Princess Margaret Cancer Center, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bhushan Nagar
- Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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7
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Alteration of the neuronal and glial cell profiles in Neu1-deficient zebrafish. Glycoconj J 2022; 39:499-512. [PMID: 35877057 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-022-10074-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Neu1 is a glycosidase that releases sialic acids from the non-reducing ends of glycoconjugates, and its enzymatic properties are conserved among vertebrates. Recently, Neu1-KO zebrafish were generated using genome editing technology, and the KO fish showed abnormal emotional behavior, such as low schooling, low aggressiveness, and excess exploratory behavior, accompanied by the downregulation of anxiety-related genes. To examine the alteration of neuronal and glial cells in Neu1-KO zebrafish, we analyzed the molecular profiles in the zebrafish brain, focusing on the midbrain and telencephalon. Using immunohistochemistry, we found that signals of Maackia amurensis (MAM) lectin that recognizes Sia α2-3 linked glycoconjugates were highly increased in Neu1-KO zebrafish brains, accompanied by an increase in Lamp1a. Neu1-KO zebrafish suppressed the gene expression of AMPA-type glutamate receptors such as gria1a, gria2a, and gria3b, and vesicular glutamate transporter 1. Additionally, Neu1-KO zebrafish induced the hyperactivation of astrocytes accompanied by an increase in Gfap and phosphorylated ERK levels, while the mRNA levels of astrocyte glutamate transporters (eaat1a, eaat1c, and eaat2) were downregulated. The mRNA levels of sypb and ho1b, which are markers of synaptic plasticity, were also suppressed by Neu1 deficiency. Abnormal activity of microglia was also revealed by IHC, and the expressions of iNOS and IL-1β, an inflammatory cytokine, were increased in Neu1-KO zebrafish. Furthermore, drastic neuronal degeneration was detected in Neu1-KO zebrafish using Fluoro-Jade B staining. Collectively, the neuronal and glial abnormalities in Neu1-KO zebrafish may be caused by changes in the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate and involved in the emotional abnormalities.
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8
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Khan A, Sergi CM. NEU1—A Unique Therapeutic Target for Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:902259. [PMID: 35847014 PMCID: PMC9277458 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.902259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuraminidase 1 (NEU1) is considered to be the most abundant and ubiquitous mammalian enzyme, with a broad tissue distribution. It plays a crucial role in a variety of cellular mechanisms. The deficiency of NEU1 has been implicated in various pathological manifestations of sialidosis and neurodegeneration. Thus, it is a novel therapeutic target for neurodegenerative changes in the Alzheimer’s brain. However, to manipulate NEU1 as a therapeutic target, it is imperative to understand that, although NEU1 is commonly known for its lysosomal catabolic function, it is also involved in other pathways. NEU1 is involved in immune response modulation, elastic fiber assembly modulation, insulin signaling, and cell proliferation. In recent years, our knowledge of NEU1 has continued to grow, yet, at the present moment, current data is still limited. In addition, the unique biochemical properties of NEU1 make it challenging to target it as an effective therapeutic option for sialidosis, which is a rare disease but has an enormous patient burden. However, the fact that NEU1 has been linked to the pathology of Alzheimer’s disease, which is rapidly growing worldwide, makes it more relevant to be studied and explored. In the present study, the authors have discussed various cellular mechanisms involving NEU1 and how they are relevant to sialidosis and Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiza Khan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Consolato M. Sergi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
- Division of Anatomic Pathology, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- *Correspondence: Consolato M. Sergi,
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9
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Hematopoietic cell transplantation for sialidosis type I. Mol Genet Metab Rep 2022; 30:100832. [PMID: 35242566 PMCID: PMC8856904 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgmr.2021.100832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the clinical and laboratory follow-up data of an adolescent female with Type I Sialidosis who underwent bone marrow transplant (BMT). After BMT, plasma and urine biomarkers responded concurrently with engraftment. Neuropsychiatry data showed preservation in some domains, but she did have overall decline in motor performance. Sialidosis is a very rare lysosomal condition, and we believe this to be the first report of a case of Type I Sialidosis undergoing BMT.
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Klein J, Baker NC, Foil DH, Zorn KM, Urbina F, Puhl AC, Ekins S. Using Bibliometric Analysis and Machine Learning to Identify Compounds Binding to Sialidase-1. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:3186-3193. [PMID: 33553934 PMCID: PMC7860073 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Rare diseases impact hundreds of millions of individuals worldwide. However, few therapies exist to treat the rare disease population because financial resources are limited, the number of patients affected is low, bioactivity data is often nonexistent, and very few animal models exist to support preclinical development efforts. Sialidosis is an ultrarare lysosomal storage disorder in which mutations in the NEU1 gene result in the deficiency of the lysosomal enzyme sialidase-1. This enzyme catalyzes the removal of sialic acid moieties from glycoproteins and glycolipids. Therefore, the defective or deficient protein leads to the buildup of sialylated glycoproteins as well as several characteristic symptoms of sialidosis including visual impairment, ataxia, hepatomegaly, dysostosis multiplex, and developmental delay. In this study, we used a bibliometric tool to generate links between lysosomal storage disease (LSD) targets and existing bioactivity data that could be curated in order to build machine learning models and screen compounds in silico. We focused on sialidase as an example, and we used the data curated from the literature to build a Bayesian model which was then used to score compound libraries and rank these molecules for in vitro testing. Two compounds were identified from in vitro testing using microscale thermophoresis, namely sulfameter (K d 2.15 ± 1.02 μM) and mexenone (K d 8.88 ± 4.02 μM), which validated our approach to identifying new molecules binding to this protein, which could represent possible drug candidates that can be evaluated further as potential chaperones for this ultrarare lysosomal disease for which there is currently no treatment. Combining bibliometric and machine learning approaches has the ability to assist in curating small molecule data and model building, respectively, for rare disease drug discovery. This approach also has the capability to identify new compounds that are potential drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer
J. Klein
- Collaborations
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 840 Main Campus Drive, Lab 3510, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Nancy C. Baker
- ParlezChem, 123 W Union Street, Hillsborough, North Carolina 27278, United States
| | - Daniel H. Foil
- Collaborations
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 840 Main Campus Drive, Lab 3510, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Kimberley M. Zorn
- Collaborations
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 840 Main Campus Drive, Lab 3510, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Fabio Urbina
- Collaborations
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 840 Main Campus Drive, Lab 3510, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Ana C. Puhl
- Collaborations
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 840 Main Campus Drive, Lab 3510, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
| | - Sean Ekins
- Collaborations
Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 840 Main Campus Drive, Lab 3510, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, United States
- . Phone: 215-687-1320
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11
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Naumchik BM, Gupta A, Flanagan-Steet H, Steet RA, Cathey SS, Orchard PJ, Lund TC. The Role of Hematopoietic Cell Transplant in the Glycoprotein Diseases. Cells 2020; 9:cells9061411. [PMID: 32517081 PMCID: PMC7348849 DOI: 10.3390/cells9061411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The glycoprotein disorders are a group of lysosomal storage diseases (α-mannosidosis, aspartylglucosaminuria, β-mannosidosis, fucosidosis, galactosialidosis, sialidosis, mucolipidosis II, mucolipidosis III, and Schindler Disease) characterized by specific lysosomal enzyme defects and resultant buildup of undegraded glycoprotein substrates. This buildup causes a multitude of abnormalities in patients including skeletal dysplasia, inflammation, ocular abnormalities, liver and spleen enlargement, myoclonus, ataxia, psychomotor delay, and mild to severe neurodegeneration. Pharmacological treatment options exist through enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for a few, but therapies for this group of disorders is largely lacking. Hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) has been explored as a potential therapeutic option for many of these disorders, as HCT introduces functional enzyme-producing cells into the bone marrow and blood along with the engraftment of healthy donor cells in the central nervous system (presumably as brain macrophages or a type of microglial cell). The outcome of HCT varies widely by disease type. We report our institutional experience with HCT as well as a review of the literature to better understand HCT and outcomes for the glycoprotein disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brianna M. Naumchik
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (B.M.N.); (A.G.); (P.J.O.)
| | - Ashish Gupta
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (B.M.N.); (A.G.); (P.J.O.)
| | | | - Richard A. Steet
- Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, SC 29646, USA; (H.F.-S.); (R.A.S.); (S.S.C.)
| | - Sara S. Cathey
- Greenwood Genetic Center, Greenwood, SC 29646, USA; (H.F.-S.); (R.A.S.); (S.S.C.)
| | - Paul J. Orchard
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (B.M.N.); (A.G.); (P.J.O.)
| | - Troy C. Lund
- Division of Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (B.M.N.); (A.G.); (P.J.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +612-625-4185
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12
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The best evidence for progressive myoclonic epilepsy: A pathway to precision therapy. Seizure 2019; 71:247-257. [PMID: 31476531 DOI: 10.1016/j.seizure.2019.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Progressive Myoclonus Epilepsies (PMEs) are a group of uncommon clinically and genetically heterogeneous disorders characterised by myoclonus, generalized epilepsy, and neurological deterioration, including dementia and ataxia. PMEs may have infancy, childhood, juvenile or adult onset, but usually present in late childhood or adolescence, at variance from epileptic encephalopathies, which start with polymorphic seizures in early infancy. Neurophysiologic recordings are suited to describe faithfully the time course of the shock-like muscle contractions which characterize myoclonus. A combination of positive and negative myoclonus is typical of PMEs. The gene defects for most PMEs (Unverricht-Lundborg disease, Lafora disease, several forms of neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses, myoclonus epilepsy with ragged-red fibers [MERRF], and type 1 and 2 sialidoses) have been identified. PMEs are uncommon disorders, difficult to diagnose in the absence of extensive experience. Thus, aetiology is undetermined in many patients, despite the advance in molecular medicine. Treatment of PMEs remains essentially symptomaticof seizures and myoclonus, together with palliative, supportive, and rehabilitative measures. The response to therapy may initially be relatively favourable, afterwards however, seizures may become more frequent, and progressive neurologic decline occurs. The prognosis of a PME depends on the specific disease. The history of PMEs revealed that the international collaboration and sharing experience is the right way to proceed. This emerging picture and biological insights will allow us to find ways to provide the patients with meaningful treatment.
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13
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Aravindhan A, Veerapandiyan A, Earley C, Thulasi V, Kresge C, Kornitzer J. Child Neurology: Type 1 sialidosis due to a novel mutation in NEU1 gene. Neurology 2019; 90:622-624. [PMID: 29581327 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000005209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Akilandeswari Aravindhan
- From the Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology (A.A., C.E., V.T., J.K.), and Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics (C.K.), Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark; and Department of Neurology (A.V.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY
| | - Aravindhan Veerapandiyan
- From the Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology (A.A., C.E., V.T., J.K.), and Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics (C.K.), Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark; and Department of Neurology (A.V.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY
| | - Chelsea Earley
- From the Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology (A.A., C.E., V.T., J.K.), and Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics (C.K.), Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark; and Department of Neurology (A.V.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY
| | - Venkatraman Thulasi
- From the Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology (A.A., C.E., V.T., J.K.), and Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics (C.K.), Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark; and Department of Neurology (A.V.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY
| | - Christina Kresge
- From the Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology (A.A., C.E., V.T., J.K.), and Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics (C.K.), Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark; and Department of Neurology (A.V.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY
| | - Jeffrey Kornitzer
- From the Department of Neurology, Division of Pediatric Neurology (A.A., C.E., V.T., J.K.), and Department of Pediatrics, Division of Clinical Genetics (C.K.), Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark; and Department of Neurology (A.V.), University of Rochester Medical Center, NY.
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14
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Khan A, Sergi C. Sialidosis: A Review of Morphology and Molecular Biology of a Rare Pediatric Disorder. Diagnostics (Basel) 2018; 8:diagnostics8020029. [PMID: 29693572 PMCID: PMC6023449 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics8020029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2018] [Revised: 04/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sialidosis (MIM 256550) is a rare, autosomal recessive inherited disorder, caused by α-N-acetyl neuraminidase deficiency resulting from a mutation in the neuraminidase gene (NEU1), located on 6p21.33. This genetic alteration leads to abnormal intracellular accumulation as well as urinary excretion of sialyloligosaccharides. A definitive diagnosis is made after the identification of a mutation in the NEU1 gene. So far, 40 mutations of NEU1 have been reported. An association exists between the impact of the individual mutations and the severity of clinical presentation of sialidosis. According to the clinical symptoms, sialidosis has been divided into two subtypes with different ages of onset and severity, including sialidosis type I (normomorphic or mild form) and sialidosis type II (dysmorphic or severe form). Sialidosis II is further subdivided into (i) congenital; (ii) infantile; and (iii) juvenile. Despite being uncommon, sialidosis has enormous clinical relevance due to its debilitating character. A complete understanding of the underlying pathology remains a challenge, which in turn limits the development of effective therapeutic strategies. Furthermore, in the last few years, some atypical cases of sialidosis have been reported as well. We herein attempt to combine and discuss the underlying molecular biology, the clinical features, and the morphological patterns of sialidosis type I and II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiza Khan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (5B4.09), University of Alberta, 8440 112 St NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada.
| | - Consolato Sergi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (5B4.09), University of Alberta, 8440 112 St NW, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada.
- Department of Pediatrics, Stollery Children's Hospital, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada.
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Machado E, White-Gilbertson S, van de Vlekkert D, Janke L, Moshiach S, Campos Y, Finkelstein D, Gomero E, Mosca R, Qiu X, Morton CL, Annunziata I, d’Azzo A. Regulated lysosomal exocytosis mediates cancer progression. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2015; 1:e1500603. [PMID: 26824057 PMCID: PMC4730843 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how tumor cells transition to an invasive and drug-resistant phenotype is central to cancer biology, but the mechanisms underlying this transition remain unclear. We show that sarcomas gain these malignant traits by inducing lysosomal exocytosis, a ubiquitous physiological process. During lysosomal exocytosis, the movement of exocytic lysosomes along the cytoskeleton and their docking at the plasma membrane involve LAMP1, a sialylated membrane glycoprotein and target of the sialidase NEU1. Cleavage of LAMP1 sialic acids by NEU1 limits the extent of lysosomal exocytosis. We found that by down-regulation of NEU1 and accumulation of oversialylated LAMP1, tumor cells exacerbate lysosomal exocytosis of soluble hydrolases and exosomes. This facilitates matrix invasion and propagation of invasive signals, and purging of lysosomotropic chemotherapeutics. In Arf (-⁄-) mice, Neu1 haploinsufficiency fostered the development of invasive, pleomorphic sarcomas, expressing epithelial and mesenchymal markers, and lysosomal exocytosis effectors, LAMP1 and Myosin-11. These features are analogous to those of metastatic, pleomorphic human sarcomas, where low NEU1 levels correlate with high expression of lysosomal exocytosis markers. In a therapeutic proof of principle, we demonstrate that inhibiting lysosomal exocytosis reversed invasiveness and chemoresistance in aggressive sarcoma cells. Thus, we reveal that this unconventional, lysosome-regulated pathway plays a primary role in tumor progression and chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eda Machado
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Shai White-Gilbertson
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Diantha van de Vlekkert
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Laura Janke
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Simon Moshiach
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Yvan Campos
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - David Finkelstein
- Department of Computational Biology, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Elida Gomero
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Rosario Mosca
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Xiaohui Qiu
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Christopher L. Morton
- Department of Surgery, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Ida Annunziata
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - Alessandra d’Azzo
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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16
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Damme M, Stroobants S, Lüdemann M, Rothaug M, Lüllmann-Rauch R, Beck HC, Ericsson A, Andersson C, Fogh J, D'Hooge R, Saftig P, Blanz J. Chronic enzyme replacement therapy ameliorates neuropathology in alpha-mannosidosis mice. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2015; 2:987-1001. [PMID: 26817023 PMCID: PMC4693626 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The lysosomal storage disease alpha-mannosidosis is caused by the deficiency of the lysosomal acid hydrolase alpha-mannosidase (LAMAN) leading to lysosomal accumulation of neutral mannose-linked oligosaccharides throughout the body, including the brain. Clinical findings in alpha-mannosidosis include skeletal malformations, intellectual disabilities and hearing impairment. To date, no curative treatment is available. We previously developed a beneficial enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) regimen for alpha-mannosidase knockout mice, a valid mouse model for the human disease. However, humoral immune responses against the injected recombinant human alpha-mannosidase (rhLAMAN) precluded long-term studies and chronic treatment. METHODS Here, we describe the generation of an immune-tolerant alpha-mannosidosis mouse model that allowed chronic injection of rhLAMAN by transgenic expression of a catalytically inactive variant of human LAMAN in the knockout background. RESULTS Chronic ERT of rhLAMAN revealed pronounced effects on primary substrate storage throughout the brain, normalization of lysosomal enzyme activities and morphology as well as a decrease in microglia activation. The positive effect of long-term ERT on neuronal lysosomal function was reflected by an improvement of cognitive deficits and exploratory activity. in vivo and in vitro uptake measurements indicate rapid clearance of rhLAMAN from circulation and a broad uptake into different cell types of the nervous system. INTERPRETATION Our data contribute to the understanding of neurological disorders treatment by demonstrating that lysosomal enzymes such as rhLAMAN can penetrate into the brain and is able to ameliorate neuropathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Damme
- Biochemical Institute University of Kiel D-24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Stijn Stroobants
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology University of Leuven B-3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Meike Lüdemann
- Biochemical Institute University of Kiel D-24098 Kiel Germany
| | | | | | - Hans Christian Beck
- Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacology Centre for Clinical Proteomics Odense University Hospital Sdr Boulevard 29 DK-5000 Odense C Denmark
| | | | | | - Jens Fogh
- Zymenex A/S Roskildevej 12C 3400 Hillerød Denmark
| | - Rudi D'Hooge
- Laboratory of Biological Psychology University of Leuven B-3000 Leuven Belgium
| | - Paul Saftig
- Biochemical Institute University of Kiel D-24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Judith Blanz
- Biochemical Institute University of Kiel D-24098 Kiel Germany
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17
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sialidosis is a neurosomatic, lysosomal storage disease (LSD) caused by mutations in the NEU1 gene, encoding the lysosomal sialidase NEU1. Deficient enzyme activity results in impaired processing/degradation of sialo-glycoproteins, and accumulation of oversialylated metabolites. Sialidosis is considered an orphan disorder for which no therapy is currently available. AREAS COVERED The review describes the clinical forms of sialidosis and the NEU1 mutations so far identified; NEU1 requirement to complex with the protective protein/cathepsin A for stability and activation; and the pathogenic effects of NEU1 deficiency. Studies of the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis in animal models uncovered basic cellular pathways downstream of NEU1 and its substrates, which may be implicated in more common adult (neurodegenerative) diseases. The development of a Phase I/II clinical trial for patients with galactosialidosis may prove suitable for sialidosis patients with the attenuated form of the disease. EXPERT OPINION Recently, there has been a renewed interest in the development of therapies for orphan LSDs, like sialidosis. Given the small number of potentially eligible patients, the way to treat sialidosis would be through the coordinated effort of clinical centers, which provide diagnosis and care for these patients, and the basic research labs that work towards understanding the disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra d'Azzo
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Eda Machado
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Ida Annunziata
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
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18
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Lysosomal multienzyme complex: pros and cons of working together. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 71:2017-32. [PMID: 24337808 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-013-1538-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitous distribution of lysosomes and their heterogeneous protein composition reflects the versatility of these organelles in maintaining cell homeostasis and their importance in tissue differentiation and remodeling. In lysosomes, the degradation of complex, macromolecular substrates requires the synergistic action of multiple hydrolases that usually work in a stepwise fashion. This catalytic machinery explains the existence of lysosomal enzyme complexes that can be dynamically assembled and disassembled to efficiently and quickly adapt to the pool of substrates to be processed or degraded, adding extra tiers to the regulation of the individual protein components. An example of such a complex is the one composed of three hydrolases that are ubiquitously but differentially expressed: the serine carboxypeptidase, protective protein/cathepsin A (PPCA), the sialidase, neuraminidase-1 (NEU1), and the glycosidase β-galactosidase (β-GAL). Next to this 'core' complex, the existence of sub-complexes, which may contain additional components, and function at the cell surface or extracellularly, suggests as yet unexplored functions of these enzymes. Here we review how studies of basic biological processes in the mouse models of three lysosomal storage disorders, galactosialidosis, sialidosis, and GM1-gangliosidosis, revealed new and unexpected roles for the three respective affected enzymes, Ppca, Neu1, and β-Gal, that go beyond their canonical degradative activities. These findings have broadened our perspective on their functions and may pave the way for the development of new therapies for these lysosomal storage disorders.
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19
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Bonten EJ, Yogalingam G, Hu H, Gomero E, van de Vlekkert D, d'Azzo A. Chaperone-mediated gene therapy with recombinant AAV-PPCA in a new mouse model of type I sialidosis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2013; 1832:1784-92. [PMID: 23770387 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2013.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2013] [Revised: 05/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The lysosomal storage disease sialidosis is caused by a primary deficiency of the sialidase N-acetyl-α-neuraminidase-1 (NEU1). Patients with type I sialidosis develop an attenuated, non-neuropathic form of the disease also named cherry red spot myoclonus syndrome, with symptoms arising during juvenile/ adult age. NEU1 requires binding to its chaperone, protective protein/cathepsin A (PPCA), for lysosomal compartmentalization, stability and catalytic activation. We have generated a new mouse model of type I sialidosis that ubiquitously expresses a NEU1 variant carrying a V54M amino acid substitution identified in an adult patient with type I sialidosis. Mutant mice developed signs of lysosomal disease after 1year of age, predominantly in the kidney, albeit low residual NEU1 activity was detected in most organs and cell types. We demonstrate that the activity of the mutant enzyme could be effectively increased in all systemic tissues by chaperone-mediated gene therapy with a liver-tropic recombinant AAV2/8 vector expressing PPCA. This resulted in clear amelioration of the disease phenotype. These results suggest that at least some of the NEU1 mutations associated with type I sialidosis may respond to PPCA-chaperone-mediated gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik J Bonten
- Department of Genetics, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
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20
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Schultz ML, Tecedor L, Chang M, Davidson BL. Clarifying lysosomal storage diseases. Trends Neurosci 2011; 34:401-10. [PMID: 21723623 DOI: 10.1016/j.tins.2011.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Revised: 05/17/2011] [Accepted: 05/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) are a class of metabolic disorders caused by mutations in proteins critical for lysosomal function. Such proteins include lysosomal enzymes, lysosomal integral membrane proteins, and proteins involved in the post-translational modification and trafficking of lysosomal proteins. There are many recognized forms of LSDs and, although individually rare, their combined prevalence is estimated to be 1 in 8000 births. Over two-thirds of LSDs involve central nervous system (CNS) dysfunction (progressive cognitive and motor decline) and these symptoms are often the most debilitating. Although the genetic basis for these disorders is clear and the biochemistry of the proteins well understood, the cellular mechanisms by which deficiencies in these proteins disrupt neuronal viability remain ambiguous. In this review, we provide an overview of the widespread cellular perturbations occurring in LSDs, how they might be linked and interventions that may specifically or globally correct those defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark L Schultz
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA
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21
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Molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis in a glycosphingolipid and a glycoprotein storage disease. Biochem Soc Trans 2011; 38:1453-7. [PMID: 21118106 DOI: 10.1042/bst0381453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The lysosomal system comprises a specialized network of organelles crucial for the sorting, digestion, recycling and secretion of cellular components. With their content of hydrolytic enzymes, lysosomes regulate the degradation of a multitude of substrates that reach these organelles via the biosynthetic or the endocytic route. Gene defects that affect one or more of these hydrolases lead to LSDs (lysosomal storage diseases). This underscores the apparent lack of redundancy of these enzymes and the importance of the lysosomal system in cell and tissue homoeostasis. Some of the lysosomal enzymes may form multiprotein complexes, which usually work synergistically on substrates and, in this configuration, may respond more efficiently to changes in substrate load and composition. A well-characterized lysosomal multienzyme complex is the one comprising the glycosidases β-gal (β-galactosidase) and NEU1 (neuramidase-1), and of the serine carboxypeptidase PPCA (protective protein/cathepsin A). Three neurodegenerative LSDs are caused by either single or combined deficiency of these lysosomal enzymes. Sialidosis (NEU1 deficiency) and galactosialidosis (combined NEU1 and β-gal deficiency, secondary to a primary defect of PPCA) belong to the glycoprotein storage diseases, whereas GM1-gangliosidosis (β-gal deficiency) is a glycosphingolipid storage disease. Identification of novel molecular pathways that are deregulated because of loss of enzyme activity and/or accumulation of specific metabolites in various cell types has shed light on mechanisms of disease pathogenesis and may pave the way for future development of new therapies for these LSDs.
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22
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Rapoport M, Salman L, Sabag O, Patel MS, Lorberboum-Galski H. Successful TAT-mediated enzyme replacement therapy in a mouse model of mitochondrial E3 deficiency. J Mol Med (Berl) 2010; 89:161-70. [PMID: 21079907 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-010-0693-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2010] [Revised: 10/21/2010] [Accepted: 10/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Medicine today offers no cure for patients suffering from mitochondrial disorders, such as lipoamide dehydrogenase (LAD; also known as E3) deficiency, and treatment is limited to symptomatic care. LAD is one of the components of the α-ketoacid dehydrogenase complexes, which are mitochondrial multienzyme complexes crucial for the metabolism of carbohydrates and amino acids. Recently, we tested the therapeutic approach for treating mitochondrial disorders whereby the activity of multicomponent complexes in the mitochondria is restored by TAT-mediated enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). The LAD deficiency disease was used before as a proof-of-principle in vitro, in patients' cells, utilizing the TAT-LAD fusion protein. In this report, we present successful TAT-mediated ERT in an in vivo mouse model using E3-deficient mice. We demonstrate the delivery of TAT-LAD into E3-deficient mice tissues and that a single administration of TAT-LAD results in a significant increase in the enzymatic activity of the mitochondrial multienzyme complex pyruvate dehydrogenase complex within the liver, heart and, most importantly, the brain of TAT-LAD-treated E3-deficient mice. We believe that this TAT-mediated ERT approach could change the management of mitochondrial disorders and of other metabolic diseases in modern medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matan Rapoport
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Medical Research-Israel-Canada, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, 91120, Israel
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23
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Dunder U, Valtonen P, Kelo E, Mononen I. Early initiation of enzyme replacement therapy improves metabolic correction in the brain tissue of aspartylglycosaminuria mice. J Inherit Metab Dis 2010; 33:611-7. [PMID: 20607610 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-010-9158-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2009] [Revised: 06/09/2010] [Accepted: 06/16/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aspartylglycosaminuria (AGU) is a lysosomal storage disease caused by deficient activity of glycosylasparaginase (AGA), and characterized by motor and mental retardation. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) in adult AGU mice with AGA removes the accumulating substance aspartylglucosamine from and reverses pathology in many somatic tissues, but has only limited efficacy in the brain tissue of the animals. In the current work, ERT of AGU mice was initiated at the age of 1 week with three different dosage schedules of recombinant glycosylasparaginase. The animals received either 3.4 U of AGA/kg every second day for 2 weeks (Group 1), 1.7 U/kg every second day for 9 days followed by an enzyme injection once a week for 4 weeks (Group 2) or 17 U/kg at the age of 7 and 9 days (Group 3). In the Group 1 and Group 3 mice, ERT reduced the amount of aspartylglucosamine by 34 and 41% in the brain tissue, respectively. No therapeutic effect was observed in the brain tissue of Group 2 mice. As in the case of adult AGU mice, the AGA therapy was much more effective in the somatic tissues than in the brain tissue of the newborn AGU mice. The combined evidence demonstrates that a high dose ERT with AGA in newborn AGU mice is up to twofold more effective in reducing the amount of the accumulated storage material from the brain tissue than ERT in adult AGU animals, indicating the importance of early detection and treatment of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulla Dunder
- Eastern Finland Laboratory Centre, Kuopio, Finland
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24
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Bonten EJ, Campos Y, Zaitsev V, Nourse A, Waddell B, Lewis W, Taylor G, d'Azzo A. Heterodimerization of the sialidase NEU1 with the chaperone protective protein/cathepsin A prevents its premature oligomerization. J Biol Chem 2009; 284:28430-28441. [PMID: 19666471 PMCID: PMC2788892 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m109.031419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2009] [Revised: 07/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal neuraminidase-1 (NEU1) forms a multienzyme complex with beta-galactosidase and protective protein/cathepsin A (PPCA). Because of its association with PPCA, which acts as a molecular chaperone, NEU1 is transported to the lysosomal compartment, catalytically activated, and stabilized. However, the mode(s) of association between these two proteins both en route to the lysosome and in the multienzyme complex has remained elusive. Here, we have analyzed the hydrodynamic properties of PPCA, NEU1, and a complex of the two proteins and identified multiple binding sites on both proteins. One of these sites on NEU1 that is involved in binding to PPCA can also bind to other NEU1 molecules, albeit with lower affinity. Therefore, in the absence of PPCA, as in the lysosomal storage disease galactosialidosis, NEU1 self-associates into chain-like oligomers. Binding of PPCA can reverse self-association of NEU1 by causing the disassembly of NEU1-oligomers and the formation of a PPCA-NEU1 heterodimeric complex. The identification of binding sites between the two proteins allowed us to create innovative structural models of the NEU1 oligomer and the PPCA-NEU1 heterodimeric complex. The proposed mechanism of interaction between NEU1 and its accessory protein PPCA provides a rationale for the secondary deficiency of NEU1 in galactosialidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik J Bonten
- Department of Genetics and Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-2794.
| | - Yvan Campos
- Department of Genetics and Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-2794
| | - Viateslav Zaitsev
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9UA, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Amanda Nourse
- Hartwell Center for Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-2794
| | - Brett Waddell
- Hartwell Center for Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-2794
| | - William Lewis
- Hartwell Center for Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-2794
| | - Garry Taylor
- Centre for Biomolecular Sciences, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9UA, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandra d'Azzo
- Department of Genetics and Tumor Cell Biology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105-2794.
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25
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Rapoport M, Lorberboum-Galski H. TAT-based drug delivery system--new directions in protein delivery for new hopes? Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2009; 6:453-63. [PMID: 19413454 DOI: 10.1517/17425240902887029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
There has been great progress in the use of TAT-based drug delivery systems for the delivery of different macromolecules into cells in vitro and in vivo, thus circumventing the bioavailability barrier that is a problem for so many drugs. There are many advantages to using this system, such as the ability to deliver these cargoes into all types of cells in culture and into all organs in vivo. This system can even deliver cargoes into the brain across the blood-brain barrier. In addition, the ability to target specific intracellular sub-localizations such as the nuclei, the mitochondria and lysosomes further expands the possibilities of this drug delivery system to the development of sub-cellular organelle-targeted therapy. The therapeutic applications seem almost unlimited, and the use of the TAT-based delivery system has extended from proteins to a large variety of cargoes such as oligonucleotides, imaging agents, low molecular mass drugs, nanoparticles, micelles and liposomes. In this review the most recent advances in the use of the TAT-based drug delivery system will be described, mainly discussing TAT-mediated protein delivery and the use of the TAT system for enzyme replacement therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matan Rapoport
- Faculty of Medicine Hebrew University, Department of Cellular Biochemistry and Human Genetics, Jerusalem, Israel
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26
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TAT-mediated Delivery of LAD Restores Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Activity in the Mitochondria of Patients with LAD Deficiency. Mol Ther 2008; 16:691-7. [DOI: 10.1038/mt.2008.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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27
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Rapoport M, Saada A, Elpeleg O, Lorberboum-Galski H. TAT-mediated Delivery of LAD Restores Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex Activity in the Mitochondria of Patients with LAD Deficiency. Mol Ther 2008. [DOI: 10.1038/sj.mt.6300410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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28
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Schiff M, Maire I, Bertrand Y, Cochat P, Guffon N. Long-term follow-up of metachronous marrow-kidney transplantation in severe type II sialidosis: what does success mean? Nephrol Dial Transplant 2005; 20:2563-5. [PMID: 16091374 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfi063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Schiff
- Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Pediatrics, Centre de Référence Maladies Héréditaires du Métabolisme, Lyon, France.
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