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Yang K, Jeltema D, Yan N. Innate immune sensing of macromolecule homeostasis. Adv Immunol 2024; 161:17-51. [PMID: 38763701 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ai.2024.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
The innate immune system uses a distinct set of germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors to recognize molecular patterns initially thought to be unique to microbial invaders, named pathogen-associated molecular patterns. The concept was later further developed to include similar molecular patterns originating from host cells during tissue damage, known as damage-associated molecular patterns. However, recent advances in the mechanism of monogenic inflammatory diseases have highlighted a much more expansive repertoire of cellular functions that are monitored by innate immunity. Here, we summarize several examples in which an innate immune response is triggered when homeostasis of macromolecule in the cell is disrupted in non-infectious or sterile settings. These ever-growing sensing mechanisms expand the repertoire of innate immune recognition, positioning it not only as a key player in host defense but also as a gatekeeper of cellular homeostasis. Therapeutics inspired by these advances to restore cellular homeostasis and correct the immune system could have far-reaching implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Yang
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Devon Jeltema
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Nan Yan
- Department of Immunology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States.
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2
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Ebert S, Zang L, Ismail N, Otabil M, Fröhlich A, Egea V, Ács S, Hoeberg M, Berres ML, Weber C, Moreira JMA, Ries C, Bernhagen J, El Bounkari O. Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases-1 Interacts with CD74 to Promote AKT Signaling, Monocyte Recruitment Responses, and Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation. Cells 2023; 12:1899. [PMID: 37508563 PMCID: PMC10378328 DOI: 10.3390/cells12141899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1), an important regulator of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), has recently been shown to interact with CD74, a receptor for macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF). However, the biological effects mediated by TIMP-1 through CD74 remain largely unexplored. Using sequence alignment and in silico protein-protein docking analysis, we demonstrated that TIMP-1 shares residues with both MIF and MIF-2, crucial for CD74 binding, but not for CXCR4. Subcellular colocalization, immunoprecipitation, and internalization experiments supported these findings, demonstrating that TIMP-1 interacts with surface-expressed CD74, resulting in its internalization in a dose-dependent manner, as well as with a soluble CD74 ectodomain fragment (sCD74). This prompted us to study the effects of the TIMP-1-CD74 axis on monocytes and vascular smooth muscle cells (VSCMs) to assess its impact on vascular inflammation. A phospho-kinase array revealed the activation of serine/threonine kinases by TIMP-1 in THP-1 pre-monocytes, in particular AKT. Similarly, TIMP-1 dose-dependently triggered the phosphorylation of AKT and ERK1/2 in primary human monocytes. Importantly, Transwell migration, 3D-based Chemotaxis, and flow adhesion assays demonstrated that TIMP-1 engagement of CD74 strongly promotes the recruitment response of primary human monocytes, while live cell imaging studies revealed a profound activating effect on VSMC proliferation. Finally, re-analysis of scRNA-seq data highlighted the expression patterns of TIMP-1 and CD74 in human atherosclerotic lesions, thus, together with our experimental data, indicating a role for the TIMP-1-CD74 axis in vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Ebert
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Lan Zang
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Noor Ismail
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Michael Otabil
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Adrian Fröhlich
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Virginia Egea
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Susann Ács
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Mikkel Hoeberg
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marie-Luise Berres
- Department of Internal Medicine III, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Christian Weber
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - José M A Moreira
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christian Ries
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bernhagen
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), 81377 Munich, Germany
- Munich Heart Alliance, 80802 Munich, Germany
| | - Omar El Bounkari
- Department of Vascular Biology, Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilian-University (LMU) Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
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3
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Pandey MK. Exploring Pro-Inflammatory Immunological Mediators: Unraveling the Mechanisms of Neuroinflammation in Lysosomal Storage Diseases. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11041067. [PMID: 37189685 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11041067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases are a group of rare and ultra-rare genetic disorders caused by defects in specific genes that result in the accumulation of toxic substances in the lysosome. This excess accumulation of such cellular materials stimulates the activation of immune and neurological cells, leading to neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Examples of lysosomal storage diseases include Gaucher, Fabry, Tay–Sachs, Sandhoff, and Wolman diseases. These diseases are characterized by the accumulation of various substrates, such as glucosylceramide, globotriaosylceramide, ganglioside GM2, sphingomyelin, ceramide, and triglycerides, in the affected cells. The resulting pro-inflammatory environment leads to the generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, growth factors, and several components of complement cascades, which contribute to the progressive neurodegeneration seen in these diseases. In this study, we provide an overview of the genetic defects associated with lysosomal storage diseases and their impact on the induction of neuro-immune inflammation. By understanding the underlying mechanisms behind these diseases, we aim to provide new insights into potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for monitoring and managing the severity of these diseases. In conclusion, lysosomal storage diseases present a complex challenge for patients and clinicians, but this study offers a comprehensive overview of the impact of these diseases on the central and peripheral nervous systems and provides a foundation for further research into potential treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj Kumar Pandey
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3026, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267-0515, USA
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4
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Trivedi VS, Magnusen AF, Rani R, Marsili L, Slavotinek AM, Prows DR, Hopkin RJ, McKay MA, Pandey MK. Targeting the Complement-Sphingolipid System in COVID-19 and Gaucher Diseases: Evidence for a New Treatment Strategy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214340. [PMID: 36430817 PMCID: PMC9695449 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2)-induced disease (COVID-19) and Gaucher disease (GD) exhibit upregulation of complement 5a (C5a) and its C5aR1 receptor, and excess synthesis of glycosphingolipids that lead to increased infiltration and activation of innate and adaptive immune cells, resulting in massive generation of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and growth factors. This C5a-C5aR1-glycosphingolipid pathway- induced pro-inflammatory environment causes the tissue damage in COVID-19 and GD. Strikingly, pharmaceutically targeting the C5a-C5aR1 axis or the glycosphingolipid synthesis pathway led to a reduction in glycosphingolipid synthesis and innate and adaptive immune inflammation, and protection from the tissue destruction in both COVID-19 and GD. These results reveal a common involvement of the complement and glycosphingolipid systems driving immune inflammation and tissue damage in COVID-19 and GD, respectively. It is therefore expected that combined targeting of the complement and sphingolipid pathways could ameliorate the tissue destruction, organ failure, and death in patients at high-risk of developing severe cases of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vyoma Snehal Trivedi
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Building R1, MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Albert Frank Magnusen
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Building R1, MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Reena Rani
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Building R1, MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Luca Marsili
- Department of Neurology, James J. and Joan A. Gardner Center for Parkinson’s Disease and Movement Disorders, University of Cincinnati, 3113 Bellevue Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
| | - Anne Michele Slavotinek
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Building R1, MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3230 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Daniel Ray Prows
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Building R1, MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3230 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Robert James Hopkin
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Building R1, MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3230 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Mary Ashley McKay
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Building R1, MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Manoj Kumar Pandey
- Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, Division of Human Genetics, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Building R1, MLC 7016, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3230 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
- Correspondence:
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5
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Agrawal I, Lim YS, Ng SY, Ling SC. Deciphering lipid dysregulation in ALS: from mechanisms to translational medicine. Transl Neurodegener 2022; 11:48. [DOI: 10.1186/s40035-022-00322-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractLipids, defined by low solubility in water and high solubility in nonpolar solvents, can be classified into fatty acids, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and sterols. Lipids not only regulate integrity and fluidity of biological membranes, but also serve as energy storage and bioactive molecules for signaling. Causal mutations in SPTLC1 (serine palmitoyltransferase long chain subunit 1) gene within the lipogenic pathway have been identified in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a paralytic and fatal motor neuron disease. Furthermore, lipid dysmetabolism within the central nervous system and circulation is associated with ALS. Here, we aim to delineate the diverse roles of different lipid classes and understand how lipid dysmetabolism may contribute to ALS pathogenesis. Among the different lipids, accumulation of ceramides, arachidonic acid, and lysophosphatidylcholine is commonly emerging as detrimental to motor neurons. We end with exploring the potential ALS therapeutics by reducing these toxic lipids.
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Kim EN, Do HS, Jeong H, Kim T, Heo SH, Kim YM, Cheon CK, Lee Y, Choi Y, Choi IH, Choi J, Yoo HW, Kim CJ, Zimran A, Kim K, Lee BH. Identification of a novel therapeutic target underlying atypical manifestation of Gaucher disease. Clin Transl Med 2022; 12:e862. [PMID: 35593204 PMCID: PMC9121313 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Eun Na Kim
- Computational Biology Program, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oregon, USA
| | - Hyo-Sang Do
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwangkyo Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Taeho Kim
- AniCom Therapeutics, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun Hee Heo
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoo-Mi Kim
- Department of Pediatrics, Chungnam National University Sejong Hospital, Sejong, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Kun Cheon
- Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Research Institute for Convergence of Biomedical Science and Technology, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Republic of Korea
| | - Yena Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunha Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Hee Choi
- Department of Genetic Counseling, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeongmin Choi
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Wook Yoo
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Chong Jai Kim
- Department of Pathology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ari Zimran
- The Hebrew University Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Kyunggon Kim
- Department of Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom Hee Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Medical Genetics Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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7
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Magnusen AF, Rani R, McKay MA, Hatton SL, Nyamajenjere TC, Magnusen DNA, Köhl J, Grabowski GA, Pandey MK. C-X-C Motif Chemokine Ligand 9 and Its CXCR3 Receptor Are the Salt and Pepper for T Cells Trafficking in a Mouse Model of Gaucher Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312712. [PMID: 34884512 PMCID: PMC8657559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease is a lysosomal storage disease, which happens due to mutations in GBA1/Gba1 that encodes the enzyme termed as lysosomal acid β-glucosidase. The major function of this enzyme is to catalyze glucosylceramide (GC) into glucose and ceramide. The deficiency of this enzyme and resultant abnormal accumulation of GC cause altered function of several of the innate and adaptive immune cells. For example, augmented infiltration of T cells contributes to the increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, (e.g., IFNγ, TNFα, IL6, IL12p40, IL12p70, IL23, and IL17A/F). This leads to tissue damage in a genetic mouse model (Gba19V/-) of Gaucher disease. The cellular mechanism(s) by which increased tissue infiltration of T cells occurs in this disease is not fully understood. Here, we delineate role of the CXCR3 receptor and its exogenous C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 9 (CXCL9) in induction of increased tissue recruitment of CD4+ T and CD8+ T cells in Gaucher disease. Intracellular FACS staining of macrophages (Mϕs) and dendritic cells (DCs) from Gba19V/- mice showed elevated production of CXCL9. Purified CD4+ T cells and the CD8+ T cells from Gba19V/- mice showed increased expression of CXCR3. Ex vivo and in vivo chemotaxis experiments showed CXCL9 involvement in the recruitment of Gba19V/- T cells. Furthermore, antibody blockade of the CXCL9 receptor (CXCR3) on T cells caused marked reduction in CXCL9- mediated chemotaxis of T cells in Gba19V/- mice. These data implicate abnormalities of the CXCL9-CXCR3 axis leading to enhanced tissue recruitment of T cells in Gaucher disease. Such results provide a rationale for blockade of the CXCL9/CXCR3 axis as potential new therapeutic targets for the treatment of inflammation in Gaucher disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Frank Magnusen
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (A.F.M.); (M.A.M.); (S.L.H.); (T.C.N.); (D.N.A.M.)
| | - Reena Rani
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
| | - Mary Ashley McKay
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (A.F.M.); (M.A.M.); (S.L.H.); (T.C.N.); (D.N.A.M.)
| | - Shelby Loraine Hatton
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (A.F.M.); (M.A.M.); (S.L.H.); (T.C.N.); (D.N.A.M.)
| | - Tsitsi Carol Nyamajenjere
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (A.F.M.); (M.A.M.); (S.L.H.); (T.C.N.); (D.N.A.M.)
| | - Daniel Nii Aryee Magnusen
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (A.F.M.); (M.A.M.); (S.L.H.); (T.C.N.); (D.N.A.M.)
| | - Jörg Köhl
- Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany;
- Department of Pediatrics and Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Gregory Alex Grabowski
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Manoj Kumar Pandey
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
- Correspondence:
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8
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Thaler A, Omer N, Giladi N, Gurevich T, Bar-Shira A, Gana-Weisz M, Goldstein O, Kestenbaum M, Shirvan JC, Cedarbaum JM, Orr-Urtreger A, Regev K, Shenhar-Tsarfaty S, Mirelman A. Mutations in GBA and LRRK2 Are Not Associated with Increased Inflammatory Markers. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2021; 11:1285-1296. [PMID: 33998549 PMCID: PMC8461659 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-212624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Background: Inflammation is an integral part of neurodegeneration including in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Ashkenazi Jews have high rates of genetic PD with divergent phenotypes among GBA-PD and LRRK2-PD. The role of inflammation in the prodromal phase of PD and the association with disease phenotype has yet to be elucidated. Objective: To assess central and peripheral cytokines among PD patients with mutations in the LRRK2 and GBA genes and among non-manifesting carriers (NMC) of these mutations in order to determine the role of inflammation in genetic PD. Methods: The following cytokines were assessed from peripheral blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF): TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and INF- γ. A comprehensive intake including general medical conditions, use of anti-inflammatory treatments, motor and cognitive assessments and additional laboratory measures were recorded, enabling the construction of the MDS probable prodromal score. Results: Data from 362 participants was collected: 31 idiopathic PD (iPD), 30 LRRK2-PD, 77 GBA-PD, 3 homozygote GBA-PD, 3 GBA-LRRK2-PD, 67 LRRK2-NMC, 105 GBA-NMC, 14 LRRK2-GBA-NMC, and 32 healthy controls. No between-group differences in peripheral or CSF cytokines were detected. No correlation between disease characteristics or risk for prodromal PD could be associated with any inflammatory measure. Conclusion: In this study, we could not detect any evidence on dysregulated immune response among GBA and LRRK2 PD patients and non-manifesting mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avner Thaler
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Nurit Omer
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Nir Giladi
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Tanya Gurevich
- Movement Disorders Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Anat Bar-Shira
- Genetic Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Mali Gana-Weisz
- Genomic Research Laboratory for Neurodegeneration, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Orly Goldstein
- Genomic Research Laboratory for Neurodegeneration, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Meir Kestenbaum
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Neurology Department, Meir Hospital, Kfar-Saba, Israel
| | | | - Jesse M Cedarbaum
- Biogen Inc, Cambridge, MA, USA.,Coeruleus Clinical Sciences LLC, Woodbridge, CT, USA
| | - Avi Orr-Urtreger
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Genomic Research Laboratory for Neurodegeneration, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Keren Regev
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Neuroimmunology Unit, Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Shani Shenhar-Tsarfaty
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Department of Internal Medicine "C", "D", and "E", Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Anat Mirelman
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel.,Laboratory of Early Markers of Neurodegeneration, Neurological Institute, Tel-Aviv Medical Center, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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9
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Zahran AM, Youssef MAM, Shafik EA, Zahran ZAM, El-Badawy O, Abo Elgheet AM, Elsayh KI. Downregulation of B regulatory cells and upregulation of T helper 1 cells in children with Gaucher disease undergoing enzyme replacement therapy. Immunol Res 2021; 68:73-80. [PMID: 32524332 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-020-09129-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) involves a broad spectrum of immunological cells, including T helper (Th) cells and regulatory B cells (Bregs), which function to resolve the immune response and inhibit excessive inflammation. This study aimed to explore T helper cells, B cells, and Bregs in GD children undergoing enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). Our study included 20 GD patients; six patients were categorized as type 1 and 14 as type 3 GD. All patients were on regular ERT. Twenty healthy children were enrolled as controls. All patients and controls were subjected to complete blood analysis, abdominal ultrasound, and flow cytometric detection of T helper cells, B cells, and Bregs. Despite undergoing ERT, CD4+ T helper lymphocytes and Bregs were still significantly lower in patients with GD compared with the controls. Th1 and B cells were more in the patients than in the healthy controls. Lower levels of Bregs were found in type 3, compared with type 1 patients. Increased platelet count was directly associated with increased levels of Bregs and lower levels of B cells. Elevated children's height was also accompanied by decreasing levels of Th1. Our results propose that ERT in GD is associated with partial improvement in immune status, and long-term ERT might be needed for the restoration of the desired immune response levels. Levels of Bregs and Th1 can be employed for monitoring improvement of immune status in GD patients undergoing ERT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asmaa M Zahran
- Department of Clinical Pathology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mervat A M Youssef
- Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Engy Adel Shafik
- Department of Clinical Pathology, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Omnia El-Badawy
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt.
| | - Amir M Abo Elgheet
- Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Khalid I Elsayh
- Children's Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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10
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Rebiai R, Givogri MI, Gowrishankar S, Cologna SM, Alford ST, Bongarzone ER. Synaptic Function and Dysfunction in Lysosomal Storage Diseases. Front Cell Neurosci 2021; 15:619777. [PMID: 33746713 PMCID: PMC7978225 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2021.619777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lysosomal storage diseases (LSDs) with neurological involvement are inherited genetic diseases of the metabolism characterized by lysosomal dysfunction and the accumulation of undegraded substrates altering glial and neuronal function. Often, patients with neurological manifestations present with damage to the gray and white matter and irreversible neuronal decline. The use of animal models of LSDs has greatly facilitated studying and identifying potential mechanisms of neuronal dysfunction, including alterations in availability and function of synaptic proteins, modifications of membrane structure, deficits in docking, exocytosis, recycling of synaptic vesicles, and inflammation-mediated remodeling of synapses. Although some extrapolations from findings in adult-onset conditions such as Alzheimer's disease or Parkinson's disease have been reported, the pathogenetic mechanisms underpinning cognitive deficits in LSDs are still largely unclear. Without being fully inclusive, the goal of this mini-review is to present a discussion on possible mechanisms leading to synaptic dysfunction in LSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Rebiai
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Maria I. Givogri
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Swetha Gowrishankar
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Stephania M. Cologna
- Department of Chemistry, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Simon T. Alford
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Ernesto R. Bongarzone
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, The University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
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11
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Behl T, Kaur G, Fratila O, Buhas C, Judea-Pusta CT, Negrut N, Bustea C, Bungau S. Cross-talks among GBA mutations, glucocerebrosidase, and α-synuclein in GBA-associated Parkinson's disease and their targeted therapeutic approaches: a comprehensive review. Transl Neurodegener 2021; 10:4. [PMID: 33446243 PMCID: PMC7809876 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-020-00226-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Current therapies for Parkinson's disease (PD) are palliative, of which the levodopa/carbidopa therapy remains the primary choice but is unable to modulate the progression of neurodegeneration. Due to the complication of such a multifactorial disorder and significant limitations of the therapy, numerous genetic approaches have been proved effective in finding out genes and mechanisms implicated in this disease. Following the observation of a higher frequency of PD in Gaucher's disease (GD), a lysosomal storage condition, mutations of glycosylceramidase beta (GBA) encoding glucocerebrosidase (GCase) have been shown to be involved and have been explored in the context of PD. GBA mutations are the most common genetic risk factor of PD. Various studies have revealed the relationships between PD and GBA gene mutations, facilitating a better understanding of this disorder. Various hypotheses delineate that the pathological mutations of GBA minimize the enzymatic activity of GCase, which affects the proliferation and clearance of α-synuclein; this affects the lysosomal homeostasis, exacerbating the endoplasmic reticulum stress or encouraging the mitochondrial dysfunction. Identification of the pathological mechanisms underlying the GBA-associated parkinsonism (GBA + PD) advances our understanding of PD. This review based on current literature aims to elucidate various genetic and clinical characteristics correlated with GBA mutations and to identify the numerous pathological processes underlying GBA + PD. We also delineate the therapeutic strategies to interfere with the mutant GCase function for further improvement of the related α-synuclein-GCase crosstalks. Moreover, the various therapeutic approaches such as gene therapy, chaperone proteins, and histone deacetylase inhibitors for the treatment of GBA + PD are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India.
| | - Gagandeep Kaur
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura, Punjab, India
| | - Ovidiu Fratila
- Department of Medical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Camelia Buhas
- Department of Morphological Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Bihor County, Romania
| | - Claudia Teodora Judea-Pusta
- Department of Morphological Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Bihor County, Romania
| | - Nicoleta Negrut
- Department of Psycho-Neuroscience and Recovery, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Cristiana Bustea
- Department of Preclinical Disciplines, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, Oradea, Romania
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12
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Behl T, Kaur G, Fratila O, Buhas C, Judea-Pusta CT, Negrut N, Bustea C, Bungau S. Cross-talks among GBA mutations, glucocerebrosidase, and α-synuclein in GBA-associated Parkinson’s disease and their targeted therapeutic approaches: a comprehensive review. Transl Neurodegener 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40035-020-00226-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractCurrent therapies for Parkinson’s disease (PD) are palliative, of which the levodopa/carbidopa therapy remains the primary choice but is unable to modulate the progression of neurodegeneration. Due to the complication of such a multifactorial disorder and significant limitations of the therapy, numerous genetic approaches have been proved effective in finding out genes and mechanisms implicated in this disease. Following the observation of a higher frequency of PD in Gaucher’s disease (GD), a lysosomal storage condition, mutations of glycosylceramidase beta (GBA) encoding glucocerebrosidase (GCase) have been shown to be involved and have been explored in the context of PD. GBA mutations are the most common genetic risk factor of PD. Various studies have revealed the relationships between PD and GBA gene mutations, facilitating a better understanding of this disorder. Various hypotheses delineate that the pathological mutations of GBA minimize the enzymatic activity of GCase, which affects the proliferation and clearance of α-synuclein; this affects the lysosomal homeostasis, exacerbating the endoplasmic reticulum stress or encouraging the mitochondrial dysfunction. Identification of the pathological mechanisms underlying the GBA-associated parkinsonism (GBA + PD) advances our understanding of PD. This review based on current literature aims to elucidate various genetic and clinical characteristics correlated with GBA mutations and to identify the numerous pathological processes underlying GBA + PD. We also delineate the therapeutic strategies to interfere with the mutant GCase function for further improvement of the related α-synuclein–GCase crosstalks. Moreover, the various therapeutic approaches such as gene therapy, chaperone proteins, and histone deacetylase inhibitors for the treatment of GBA + PD are discussed.
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13
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Demir SA, Timur ZK, Ateş N, Martínez LA, Seyrantepe V. GM2 ganglioside accumulation causes neuroinflammation and behavioral alterations in a mouse model of early onset Tay-Sachs disease. J Neuroinflammation 2020; 17:277. [PMID: 32951593 PMCID: PMC7504627 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-020-01947-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), a type of GM2-gangliosidosis, is a progressive neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorder caused by mutations in the α subunit of the lysosomal β-hexosaminidase enzyme. This disease is characterized by excessive accumulation of GM2 ganglioside, predominantly in the central nervous system. Although Tay-Sachs patients appear normal at birth, the progressive accumulation of undegraded GM2 gangliosides in neurons leads to death. Recently, an early onset Tay-Sachs disease mouse model, with genotype Hexa−/−Neu3−/−, was generated. Progressive accumulation of GM2 led to premature death of the double KO mice. Importantly, this double-deficient mouse model displays typical features of Tay-Sachs patients, such as cytoplasmic vacuolization of nerve cells, deterioration of Purkinje cells, neuronal death, deceleration in movement, ataxia, and tremors. GM2-gangliosidosis is characterized by acute neurodegeneration preceded by activated microglia expansion, macrophage, and astrocyte activation, along with the production of inflammatory mediators. However, the mechanism of disease progression in Hexa−/−Neu3−/− mice, relevant to neuroinflammation is poorly understood. Method In this study, we investigated the onset and progression of neuroinflammatory changes in the cortex, cerebellum, and retina of Hexa−/−Neu3−/− mice and control littermates by using a combination of molecular genetics and immunochemical procedures. Results We found elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine transcripts, such as Ccl2, Ccl3, Ccl4, and Cxcl10 and also extensive microglial and astrocyte activation and proliferation, accompanied by peripheral blood mononuclear cell infiltration in the vicinity of neurons and oligodendrocytes. Behavioral tests demonstrated a high level of anxiety, and age-dependent loss in both spatial learning and fear memory in Hexa−/−Neu3−/− mice compared with that in the controls. Conclusion Altogether, our data suggest that Hexa−/−Neu3−/− mice display a phenotype similar to Tay-Sachs patients suffering from chronic neuroinflammation triggered by GM2 accumulation. Furthermore, our work contributes to better understanding of the neuropathology in a mouse model of early onset Tay-Sachs disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seçil Akyıldız Demir
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Zehra Kevser Timur
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nurselin Ateş
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Luis Alarcón Martínez
- Institute of Neurological Science and Psychiatry, Hacettepe University, Sihhiye, 06100, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Volkan Seyrantepe
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Izmir Institute of Technology, 35430, Izmir, Turkey.
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14
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Engineering monocyte/macrophage-specific glucocerebrosidase expression in human hematopoietic stem cells using genome editing. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3327. [PMID: 32620863 PMCID: PMC7335164 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17148-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease is a lysosomal storage disorder caused by insufficient glucocerebrosidase activity. Its hallmark manifestations are attributed to infiltration and inflammation by macrophages. Current therapies for Gaucher disease include life-long intravenous administration of recombinant glucocerebrosidase and orally-available glucosylceramide synthase inhibitors. An alternative approach is to engineer the patient's own hematopoietic system to restore glucocerebrosidase expression, thereby replacing the affected cells, and constituting a potential one-time therapy for this disease. Here, we report an efficient CRISPR/Cas9-based approach that targets glucocerebrosidase expression cassettes with a monocyte/macrophage-specific element to the CCR5 safe-harbor locus in human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. The targeted cells generate glucocerebrosidase-expressing macrophages and maintain long-term repopulation and multi-lineage differentiation potential with serial transplantation. The combination of a safe-harbor and a lineage-specific promoter establishes a universal correction strategy and circumvents potential toxicity of ectopic glucocerebrosidase in the stem cells. Furthermore, it constitutes an adaptable platform for other lysosomal enzyme deficiencies.
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15
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Are Glucosylceramide-Related Sphingolipids Involved in the Increased Risk for Cancer in Gaucher Disease Patients? Review and Hypotheses. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020475. [PMID: 32085512 PMCID: PMC7072201 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The roles of ceramide and its catabolites, i.e., sphingosine and sphingosine 1-phosphate, in the development of malignancies and the response to anticancer regimens have been extensively described. Moreover, an abundant literature points to the effects of glucosylceramide synthase, the mammalian enzyme that converts ceramide to β-glucosylceramide, in protecting tumor cells from chemotherapy. Much less is known about the contribution of β-glucosylceramide and its breakdown products in cancer progression. In this chapter, we first review published and personal clinical observations that report on the increased risk of developing cancers in patients affected with Gaucher disease, an inborn disorder characterized by defective lysosomal degradation of β-glucosylceramide. The previously described mechanistic links between lysosomal β-glucosylceramidase, β-glucosylceramide and/or β-glucosylphingosine, and various hallmarks of cancer are reviewed. We further show that melanoma tumor growth is facilitated in a Gaucher disease mouse model. Finally, the potential roles of the β-glucosylceramidase protein and its lipidic substrates and/or downstream products are discussed.
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16
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Drosophila melanogaster Mutated in its GBA1b Ortholog Recapitulates Neuronopathic Gaucher Disease. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8091420. [PMID: 31505865 PMCID: PMC6780790 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8091420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) results from mutations in the GBA1 gene, which encodes lysosomal glucocerebrosidase (GCase). The large number of mutations known to date in the gene lead to a heterogeneous disorder, which is divided into a non-neuronopathic, type 1 GD, and two neurological, type 2 and type 3, forms. We studied the two fly GBA1 orthologs, GBA1a and GBA1b. Each contains a Minos element insertion, which truncates its coding sequence. In the GBA1am/m flies, which express a mutant protein, missing 33 C-terminal amino acids, there was no decrease in GCase activity or substrate accumulation. However, GBA1bm/m mutant flies presented a significant decrease in GCase activity with concomitant substrate accumulation, which included C14:1 glucosylceramide and C14:0 glucosylsphingosine. GBA1bm/m mutant flies showed activation of the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) and presented inflammation and neuroinflammation that culminated in development of a neuronopathic disease. Treatment with ambroxol did not rescue GCase activity or reduce substrate accumulation; however, it ameliorated UPR, inflammation and neuroinflammation, and increased life span. Our results highlight the resemblance between the phenotype of the GBA1bm/m mutant fly and neuronopathic GD and underlie its relevance in further GD studies as well as a model to test possible therapeutic modalities.
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17
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Degnan AJ, Ho-Fung VM, Ahrens-Nicklas RC, Barrera CA, Serai SD, Wang DJ, Ficicioglu C. Imaging of non-neuronopathic Gaucher disease: recent advances in quantitative imaging and comprehensive assessment of disease involvement. Insights Imaging 2019; 10:70. [PMID: 31289964 PMCID: PMC6616606 DOI: 10.1186/s13244-019-0743-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease is an inherited metabolic disorder resulting in deficiency of lysosomal enzyme β-glucocerebrosidase causing the accumulation of abnormal macrophages (“Gaucher cells”) within multiple organs, most conspicuously affecting the liver, spleen, and bone marrow. As the most common glycolipid metabolism disorder, it is important for radiologists encountering these patients to be familiar with advances in imaging of organ and bone marrow involvement and understand the role of imaging in clinical decision-making. The recent advent of commercially available, reliable, and reproducible quantitative MRI acquisitions to measure fat fractions prompts revisiting the role of quantitative assessment of bone marrow involvement. This manuscript reviews the diverse imaging manifestations of Gaucher disease and discusses more optimal quantitative approaches to ascertain solid organ and bone marrow involvement with an emphasis on future applications of other quantitative methods including elastography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Degnan
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. .,Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Victor M Ho-Fung
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Rebecca C Ahrens-Nicklas
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Colket Translational Research Building, 3501 Civic Center Blvd, Floor 9, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Christian A Barrera
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Suraj D Serai
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Dah-Jyuu Wang
- Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 3401 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Can Ficicioglu
- Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Colket Translational Research Building, 3501 Civic Center Blvd, Floor 9, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, 3400 Civic Center Blvd., Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
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18
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Yagci ZB, Esvap E, Ozkara HA, Ulgen KO, Olmez EO. Inflammatory response and its relation to sphingolipid metabolism proteins: Chaperones as potential indirect anti-inflammatory agents. MOLECULAR CHAPERONES IN HUMAN DISORDERS 2019; 114:153-219. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2018.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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Revel-Vilk S, Szer J, Mehta A, Zimran A. How we manage Gaucher Disease in the era of choices. Br J Haematol 2018; 182:467-480. [PMID: 29808905 DOI: 10.1111/bjh.15402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of Gaucher Disease (GD) is now beset with the abundance of therapeutic options for an individual patient, making the choice of therapy complex for both expert and non-expert clinicians. The pathogenesis of all disease manifestations is a gene mutation-driven deficiency of glucocerebrosidase, but the clinical expression and response of each of the clinical manifestations to different therapies can be difficult to predict. Enzyme replacement therapy has been available since 1991 and is well-established, with known efficacy and minimal toxicity. Of interest, the three available enzymes are distinct molecules and were registered as new products, not biosimilars. Oral substrate reduction therapy has undergone a revitalisation with a newly approved agent in this class for which some efficacy and toxicity questions have been raised. Herein we present our approach to the management of GD in the era of choices, including a new algorithm for how to manage a newly diagnosed patient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoshana Revel-Vilk
- Gaucher Clinic, Shaare Zedek Medical Centre, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Jeff Szer
- Royal Melbourne Hospital and Department of Medicine, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Atul Mehta
- Department of Haematology, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK
| | - Ari Zimran
- Gaucher Clinic, Shaare Zedek Medical Centre, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
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20
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Pandey MK, Grabowski GA, Köhl J. An unexpected player in Gaucher disease: The multiple roles of complement in disease development. Semin Immunol 2018; 37:30-42. [PMID: 29478824 DOI: 10.1016/j.smim.2018.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The complement system is well appreciated for its role as an important effector of innate immunity that is activated by the classical, lectin or alternative pathway. C5a is one important mediator of the system that is generated in response to canonical and non-canonical C5 cleavage by circulating or cell-derived proteases. In addition to its function as a chemoattractant for neutrophils and other myeloid effectors, C5a and its sister molecule C3a have concerted roles in cell homeostasis and surveillance. Through activation of their cognate G protein coupled receptors, C3a and C5a regulate multiple intracellular pathways within the mitochondria and the lysosomal compartments that harbor multiple enzymes critical for protein, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Genetic mutations of such lysosomal enzymes or their receptors can result in the compartmental accumulation of specific classes of substrates in this organelle summarized as lysosomal storage diseases (LSD). A frequent LSD is Gaucher disease (GD), caused by autosomal recessively inherited mutations in GBA1, resulting in functional defects of the encoded enzyme, acid β-glucosidase (glucocerebrosidase, GCase). Such mutations promote excessive accumulation of β-glucosylceramide (GC or GL1) in innate and adaptive immune cells frequently associated with chronic inflammation. Recently, we uncovered an unexpected link between the C5a and C5a receptor 1 (C5aR1) axis and the accumulation of GL1 in experimental and clinical GD. Here, we will review the pathways of complement activation in GD, its role as a mediator of the inflammatory response, and its impact on glucosphingolipid metabolism. Further, we will discuss the potential role of the C5a/C5aR1 axis in GL1-specific autoantibody formation and as a novel therapeutic target in GD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K Pandey
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; The Department of Pediatrics of the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
| | - Gregory A Grabowski
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; The Department of Pediatrics of the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA
| | - Jörg Köhl
- Division of Immunobiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; The Department of Pediatrics of the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA; Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, 23562, Lübeck, Germany.
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21
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Adar T, Ilan Y, Elstein D, Zimran A. Liver involvement in Gaucher disease – Review and clinical approach. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2018; 68:66-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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22
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Appendiceal involvement in a patient with Gaucher disease. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2018; 68:109-111. [PMID: 27717752 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2016.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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23
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de Mello AS, da Silva IRV, Reinaldo GP, Dorneles GP, Cé J, Lago PD, Peres A, Elsner VR, Coelho JC. The modulation of inflammatory parameters, Brain-derived neurotrophic factor levels and global histone H4 acetylation status in peripheral blood of patients with Gaucher disease type 1. Clin Biochem 2017; 50:228-233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Revised: 10/30/2016] [Accepted: 11/14/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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24
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Pandey MK, Burrow TA, Rani R, Martin LJ, Witte D, Setchell KD, Mckay MA, Magnusen AF, Zhang W, Liou B, Köhl J, Grabowski GA. Complement drives glucosylceramide accumulation and tissue inflammation in Gaucher disease. Nature 2017; 543:108-112. [PMID: 28225753 DOI: 10.1038/nature21368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Gaucher disease is caused by mutations in GBA1, which encodes the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase). GBA1 mutations drive extensive accumulation of glucosylceramide (GC) in multiple innate and adaptive immune cells in the spleen, liver, lung and bone marrow, often leading to chronic inflammation. The mechanisms that connect excess GC to tissue inflammation remain unknown. Here we show that activation of complement C5a and C5a receptor 1 (C5aR1) controls GC accumulation and the inflammatory response in experimental and clinical Gaucher disease. Marked local and systemic complement activation occurred in GCase-deficient mice or after pharmacological inhibition of GCase and was associated with GC storage, tissue inflammation and proinflammatory cytokine production. Whereas all GCase-inhibited mice died within 4-5 weeks, mice deficient in both GCase and C5aR1, and wild-type mice in which GCase and C5aR were pharmacologically inhibited, were protected from these adverse effects and consequently survived. In mice and humans, GCase deficiency was associated with strong formation of complement-activating GC-specific IgG autoantibodies, leading to complement activation and C5a generation. Subsequent C5aR1 activation controlled UDP-glucose ceramide glucosyltransferase production, thereby tipping the balance between GC formation and degradation. Thus, extensive GC storage induces complement-activating IgG autoantibodies that drive a pathway of C5a generation and C5aR1 activation that fuels a cycle of cellular GC accumulation, innate and adaptive immune cell recruitment and activation in Gaucher disease. As enzyme replacement and substrate reduction therapies are expensive and still associated with inflammation, increased risk of cancer and Parkinson disease, targeting C5aR1 may serve as a treatment option for patients with Gaucher disease and, possibly, other lysosomal storage diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoj K Pandey
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Thomas A Burrow
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Reena Rani
- Division of Immunobiology and Center for Systems Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Lisa J Martin
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - David Witte
- Division of Pathology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Kenneth D Setchell
- Laboratory of Mass Spectroscopy, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Mary A Mckay
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Albert F Magnusen
- Division of Immunobiology and Center for Systems Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Wujuan Zhang
- Laboratory of Mass Spectroscopy, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Benjamin Liou
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
| | - Jörg Köhl
- Division of Immunobiology and Center for Systems Immunology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA.,Institute for Systemic Inflammation Research, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Gregory A Grabowski
- Division of Human Genetics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA
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Limgala RP, Ioanou C, Plassmeyer M, Ryherd M, Kozhaya L, Austin L, Abidoglu C, Unutmaz D, Alpan O, Goker-Alpan O. Time of Initiating Enzyme Replacement Therapy Affects Immune Abnormalities and Disease Severity in Patients with Gaucher Disease. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0168135. [PMID: 27942037 PMCID: PMC5152900 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0168135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) patients often present with abnormalities in immune response that may be the result of alterations in cellular and/or humoral immunity. However, how the treatment and clinical features of patients impact the perturbation of their immunological status remains unclear. To address this, we assessed the immune profile of 26 GD patients who were part of an enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) study. Patients were evaluated clinically for onset of GD symptoms, duration of therapy and validated outcome measures for ERT. According to DS3 disease severity scoring system criteria, they were assigned to have mild, moderate or severe GD. Flow cytometry based immunophenotyping was performed to analyze subsets of T, B, NK, NKT and dendritic cells. GD patients showed multiple types of immune abnormalities associated to T and B lymphocytes with respect to their subpopulations as well as memory and activation markers. Skewing of CD4 and CD8 T cell numbers resulting in lower CD4/CD8 ratio and an increase in overall T cell activation were observed. A decrease in the overall B cells and an increase in NK and NKT cells were noted in the GD patients compared to controls. These immune alterations do not correlate with GD clinical type or level of biomarkers. However, subjects with persistent immune alterations, especially in B cells and DCs correlate with longer delay in initiation of ERT (ΔTX). Thus, while ERT may reverse some of these immune abnormalities, the immune cell alterations become persistent if therapy is further delayed. These findings have important implications in understanding the immune disruptions before and after treatment of GD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renuka Pudi Limgala
- Lysosomal and Rare Disorders Research and Treatment Center, Fairfax, Virginia, United States of America
- Amerimmune, O and O Alpan, LLC, Fairfax, Virginia, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Chidima Ioanou
- Lysosomal and Rare Disorders Research and Treatment Center, Fairfax, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Matthew Plassmeyer
- Amerimmune, O and O Alpan, LLC, Fairfax, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Mark Ryherd
- Amerimmune, O and O Alpan, LLC, Fairfax, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Lina Kozhaya
- Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Lauren Austin
- Amerimmune, O and O Alpan, LLC, Fairfax, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Cem Abidoglu
- Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Derya Unutmaz
- Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Oral Alpan
- Amerimmune, O and O Alpan, LLC, Fairfax, Virginia, United States of America
| | - Ozlem Goker-Alpan
- Lysosomal and Rare Disorders Research and Treatment Center, Fairfax, Virginia, United States of America
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Ilan Y. Compounds of the sphingomyelin-ceramide-glycosphingolipid pathways as secondary messenger molecules: new targets for novel therapies for fatty liver disease and insulin resistance. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2016; 310:G1102-17. [PMID: 27173510 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00095.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The compounds of sphingomyelin-ceramide-glycosphingolipid pathways have been studied as potential secondary messenger molecules in various systems, along with liver function and insulin resistance. Secondary messenger molecules act directly or indirectly to affect cell organelles and intercellular interactions. Their potential role in the pathogenesis of steatohepatitis and diabetes has been suggested. Data samples collected from patients with Gaucher's disease, who had high levels of glucocerebroside, support a role for compounds from these pathways as a messenger molecules in the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease and diabetes. The present review summarizes some of the recent data on the role of glycosphingolipid molecules as messenger molecules in various physiological and pathological conditions, more specifically including insulin resistance and fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaron Ilan
- Gastroenterology and Liver Units, Department of Medicine, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
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Barkhuizen M, Anderson DG, Grobler AF. Advances in GBA-associated Parkinson's disease--Pathology, presentation and therapies. Neurochem Int 2015; 93:6-25. [PMID: 26743617 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2015.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/04/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
GBA mutations are to date the most common genetic risk factor for Parkinson's disease. The GBA gene encodes the lysomal hydrolase glucocerebrosidase. Whilst bi-allelic GBA mutations cause Gaucher disease, both mono- and bi-allelic mutations confer risk for Parkinson's disease. Clinically, Parkinson's disease patients with GBA mutations resemble idiopathic Parkinson's disease patients. However, these patients have a modest reduction in age-of-onset of disease and a greater incidence of cognitive decline. In some cases, GBA mutations are also responsible for familial Parkinson's disease. The accumulation of α-synuclein into Lewy bodies is the central neuropathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease. Pathologic GBA mutations reduce enzymatic function. A reduction in glucocerebrosidase function increases α-synuclein levels and propagation, which in turn inhibits glucocerebrosidase in a feed-forward cascade. This cascade is central to the neuropathology of GBA-associated Parkinson's disease. The lysosomal integral membrane protein type-2 is necessary for normal glucocerebrosidase function. Glucocerebrosidase dysfunction also increases in the accumulation of β-amyloid and amyloid-precursor protein, oxidative stress, neuronal susceptibility to metal ions, microglial and immune activation. These factors contribute to neuronal death. The Mendelian Parkinson's disease genes, Parkin and ATP13A2, intersect with glucocerebrosidase. These factors sketch a complex circuit of GBA-associated neuropathology. To clinically interfere with this circuit, central glucocerebrosidase function must be improved. Strategies based on reducing breakdown of mutant glucocerebrosidase and increasing the fraction that reaches the lysosome has shown promise. Breakdown can be reduced by interfering with the ability of heat-shock proteins to recognize mutant glucocerebrosidase. This underlies the therapeutic efficacy of certain pharmacological chaperones and histone deacetylase inhibitors. These therapies are promising for Parkinson's disease, regardless of mutation status. Recently, there has been a boom in studies investigating the role of glucocerebrosidase in the pathology of Parkinson's disease. This merits a comprehensive review of the current cell biological processes and pathological pictures involving Parkinson's disease associated with GBA mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Barkhuizen
- DST/NWU Preclinical Drug Development Platform, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa; Department of Paediatrics, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6229, The Netherlands.
| | - David G Anderson
- Department of Neurology, Witwatersrand University Donald Gordon Medical Centre, Parktown, Johannesburg, 2193, South Africa
| | - Anne F Grobler
- DST/NWU Preclinical Drug Development Platform, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa
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Biomarkers for disease progression and AAV therapeutic efficacy in feline Sandhoff disease. Exp Neurol 2014; 263:102-12. [PMID: 25284324 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Revised: 09/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The GM2 gangliosidoses, Tay-Sachs disease (TSD) and Sandhoff disease (SD), are progressive neurodegenerative disorders that are caused by a mutation in the enzyme β-N-acetylhexosaminidase (Hex). Due to the recent emergence of novel experimental treatments, biomarker development has become particularly relevant in GM2 gangliosidosis as an objective means to measure therapeutic efficacy. Here we describe blood, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and electrodiagnostic methods for evaluating disease progression in the feline SD model and application of these approaches to assess AAV-mediated gene therapy. SD cats were treated by intracranial injections of the thalami combined with either the deep cerebellar nuclei or a single lateral ventricle using AAVrh8 vectors encoding feline Hex. Significantly altered in untreated SD cats, blood and CSF based biomarkers were largely normalized after AAV gene therapy. Also reduced after treatment were expansion of the lysosomal compartment in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and elevated activity of secondary lysosomal enzymes. MRI changes characteristic of the gangliosidoses were documented in SD cats and normalized after AAV gene therapy. The minimally invasive biomarkers reported herein should be useful to assess disease progression of untreated SD patients and those in future clinical trials.
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