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Lonsdale O. Manual of North American Agromyzidae (Diptera, Schizophora), with revision of the fauna of the "Delmarva" states. Zookeys 2021; 1051:1-481. [PMID: 34393548 PMCID: PMC8342412 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1051.64603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Тhe agromyzid (Diptera: Schizophora: Agromyzidae) fauna of America north of Mexico is described in the first part of this publication, including a genus key and discussions on morphology, life history and classification. The second part is a species-level revision of the family in the “Delmarva” states of the United States of America, that is, of the District of Columbia and the surrounding states of Delaware, Maryland, Virginia and West Virginia. The fauna of this region includes 156 species. This study presents 346 new state and provincial records and 23 new country records, two of which are new continental records (Agromyzaabiens Zetterstedt and A.apfelbecki Strobl). Liriomyzaendiviae Hering is no longer considered to occur in North America. Fifteen species are newly described: Agromyzaechinalissp. nov., Melanagromyzabrunkeisp. nov., M.eoflacensissp. nov., M.glyptossp. nov., M.rutellasp. nov., Ophiomyiacapitoliasp. nov., O.cupreasp. nov., O.galiodessp. nov., O.heleiossp. nov., O.kaliasp. nov., O.laticolissp. nov., Cerodontha (Poemyza) ungulasp. nov., Phytomyzaavicursasp. nov., P.catenulasp. nov., and P.winklerisp. nov. Four new species-level synonyms and one genus-level synonym are provided: Agromyzamarmorensis Spencer syn. nov. is included as a synonym of A.aristata Malloch; Melanagromyzafastosa Spencer, syn. nov. is included as a junior synonym of Ophiomyiatiliae (Couden); Melanagromyzaverbesinae Spencer is considered a synonym of M.vernoniana Steyskal; Phytomyzaranunculoides Spencer, syn. nov. is included as a junior synonym of Phytomyzaloewii Hendel; the genus Liomycina Enderlein, syn. nov. is included as a junior synonym of Phytobia Lioy. Ophiomyiaultima (Spencer), comb. nov. is recombined from Melanagromyza. Euhexomyzaalbicula Spencer, stat. reinst., comb. nov. is resurrected from synonymy with E.winnemanae (Malloch). New host records are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Owen Lonsdale
- Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, 960 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0C6, Canada Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada Ottawa Canada
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2
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Bayless KM, Trautwein MD, Meusemann K, Shin S, Petersen M, Donath A, Podsiadlowski L, Mayer C, Niehuis O, Peters RS, Meier R, Kutty SN, Liu S, Zhou X, Misof B, Yeates DK, Wiegmann BM. Beyond Drosophila: resolving the rapid radiation of schizophoran flies with phylotranscriptomics. BMC Biol 2021; 19:23. [PMID: 33557827 PMCID: PMC7871583 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-020-00944-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The most species-rich radiation of animal life in the 66 million years following the Cretaceous extinction event is that of schizophoran flies: a third of fly diversity including Drosophila fruit fly model organisms, house flies, forensic blow flies, agricultural pest flies, and many other well and poorly known true flies. Rapid diversification has hindered previous attempts to elucidate the phylogenetic relationships among major schizophoran clades. A robust phylogenetic hypothesis for the major lineages containing these 55,000 described species would be critical to understand the processes that contributed to the diversity of these flies. We use protein encoding sequence data from transcriptomes, including 3145 genes from 70 species, representing all superfamilies, to improve the resolution of this previously intractable phylogenetic challenge. RESULTS Our results support a paraphyletic acalyptrate grade including a monophyletic Calyptratae and the monophyly of half of the acalyptrate superfamilies. The primary branching framework of Schizophora is well supported for the first time, revealing the primarily parasitic Pipunculidae and Sciomyzoidea stat. rev. as successive sister groups to the remaining Schizophora. Ephydroidea, Drosophila's superfamily, is the sister group of Calyptratae. Sphaeroceroidea has modest support as the sister to all non-sciomyzoid Schizophora. We define two novel lineages corroborated by morphological traits, the 'Modified Oviscapt Clade' containing Tephritoidea, Nerioidea, and other families, and the 'Cleft Pedicel Clade' containing Calyptratae, Ephydroidea, and other families. Support values remain low among a challenging subset of lineages, including Diopsidae. The placement of these families remained uncertain in both concatenated maximum likelihood and multispecies coalescent approaches. Rogue taxon removal was effective in increasing support values compared with strategies that maximise gene coverage or minimise missing data. CONCLUSIONS Dividing most acalyptrate fly groups into four major lineages is supported consistently across analyses. Understanding the fundamental branching patterns of schizophoran flies provides a foundation for future comparative research on the genetics, ecology, and biocontrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith M Bayless
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO National Research Collections Australia (NRCA), Acton, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
- Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA.
- Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA.
| | - Michelle D Trautwein
- Department of Entomology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Karen Meusemann
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO National Research Collections Australia (NRCA), Acton, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research (ZMB), Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK), Bonn, Germany
- Department of Evolutionary Biology & Ecology, Institute of Biology I, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 1, Freiburg i. Br., Germany
| | - Seunggwan Shin
- Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Malte Petersen
- Max-Planck-Institut of Immunobiology and Epigenetics, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexander Donath
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research (ZMB), Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK), Bonn, Germany
| | - Lars Podsiadlowski
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research (ZMB), Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK), Bonn, Germany
| | - Christoph Mayer
- Centre for Molecular Biodiversity Research (ZMB), Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK), Bonn, Germany
| | - Oliver Niehuis
- Department of Evolutionary Biology & Ecology, Institute of Biology I, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Hauptstraße 1, Freiburg i. Br., Germany
| | - Ralph S Peters
- Centre of Taxonomy and Evolutionary Research, Arthropoda Department, Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rudolf Meier
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sujatha Narayanan Kutty
- Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Tropical Marine Science Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shanlin Liu
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Zhou
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Bernhard Misof
- Zoological Research Museum Alexander Koenig (ZFMK), Bonn, Germany
| | - David K Yeates
- Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO National Research Collections Australia (NRCA), Acton, Canberra, ACT, Australia
| | - Brian M Wiegmann
- Department of Entomology & Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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3
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Savage J, Borkent A, Brodo F, Cumming JM, Gregory Curler, Currie DC, deWaard JR, Gibson JF, Hauser M, Laplante L, Lonsdale O, Marshall SA, O’Hara JE, Sinclair BJ, Skevington JH. Diptera of Canada. Zookeys 2019; 819:397-450. [PMID: 30713456 PMCID: PMC6355757 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.819.27625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The Canadian Diptera fauna is updated. Numbers of species currently known from Canada, total Barcode Index Numbers (BINs), and estimated numbers of undescribed or unrecorded species are provided for each family. An overview of recent changes in the systematics and Canadian faunistics of major groups is provided as well as some general information on biology and life history. A total of 116 families and 9620 described species of Canadian Diptera are reported, representing more than a 36% increase in species numbers since the last comparable assessment by JF McAlpine et al. (1979). Almost 30,000 BINs have so far been obtained from flies in Canada. Estimates of additional number of species remaining to be documented in the country range from 5200 to 20,400.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jade Savage
- Bishop’s University, Sherbrooke, Quebec, CanadaBishop's UniversitySherbrookeCanada
| | - Art Borkent
- Royal British Columbia Museum, Victoria, British Columbia, CanadaCanadian Museum of NatureOttawaCanada
| | - Fenja Brodo
- Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, Ontario, CanadaCanadian Food Inspection AgencyOttawaCanada
| | - Jeffrey M. Cumming
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Ottawa, Ontario, CanadaRoyal British Columbia MuseumSalmon ArmCanada
| | - Gregory Curler
- Mississippi Entomological Museum, Mississippi State University, Starksville, Mississippi, USAAgriculture and Agri-Food CanadaOttawaCanada
| | - Douglas C. Currie
- Royal Ontario Museum, Toronto, Ontario, CanadaMississippi State UniversityStarksvilleUnited States of America
| | - Jeremy R. deWaard
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, CanadaRoyal Ontario MuseumTorontoCanada
| | - Joel F. Gibson
- Royal British Columbia Museum, Victoria, British Columbia, CanadaCanadian Museum of NatureOttawaCanada
| | - Martin Hauser
- California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, California, USAUniversity of GuelphGuelphCanada
| | - Louis Laplante
- Unaffiliated, Montreal, Quebec, CanadaRoyal British Columbia MuseumVictoriaCanada
| | - Owen Lonsdale
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Ottawa, Ontario, CanadaRoyal British Columbia MuseumSalmon ArmCanada
| | - Stephen A. Marshall
- University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, CanadaCalifornia Department of Food and AgricultureSacramentoUnited States of America
| | - James E. O’Hara
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Ottawa, Ontario, CanadaRoyal British Columbia MuseumSalmon ArmCanada
| | - Bradley J. Sinclair
- Canadian Food Inspection Agency, Ottawa, Ontario, CanadaUnaffiliatedMontrealCanada
| | - Jeffrey H. Skevington
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Ottawa, Ontario, CanadaRoyal British Columbia MuseumSalmon ArmCanada
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Kahanpää J. Checklist of the leaf-mining flies (Diptera, Agromyzidae) of Finland. Zookeys 2014:291-303. [PMID: 25337025 PMCID: PMC4200465 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.441.7586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A checklist of the Agromyzidae (Diptera) recorded from Finland is presented. 279 (or 280) species are currently known from the country. Phytomyzalinguae Lundqvist, 1947 is recorded as new to Finland.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jere Kahanpää
- Finnish Museum of Natural History, Zoology Unit, P.O. Box 17, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
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5
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Brower AVZ, Rindal E. Reality check: a reply to Smith. Cladistics 2013; 29:464-465. [DOI: 10.1111/cla.12016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew V. Z. Brower
- Department of Biology; Middle Tennessee State University; Murfreesboro; TN; 37132; USA
| | - Eirik Rindal
- Natural History Museum; University of Oslo; Boks 1172 Blindern; 0318; Oslo; Norway
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6
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Kits JH, Marshall SA, Skevington JH. Phylogeny of the Archiborborinae (Diptera: Sphaeroceridae) based on combined morphological and molecular analysis. PLoS One 2013; 8:e51190. [PMID: 23349671 PMCID: PMC3548823 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0051190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 10/30/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The Archiborborinae is a diverse Neotropical subfamily of Sphaeroceridae, with many undescribed species. The existing generic classification includes three genera consisting of brachypterous species, with all other species placed in the genus Archiborborus. We present the first phylogenetic hypothesis for the subfamily based on morphological, molecular, and combined datasets. Morphological data include 53 characters and cover all valid described taxa (33 species in 4 genera) in the subfamily, as well as 83 undescribed species. Molecular data for five genes (mitochondrial 12S rDNA, cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, and cytochrome B, and nuclear alanyl-tRNA synthetase and 28S rDNA) were obtained for 21 ingroup taxa. Data support the separation of the Archiborborinae from the Copromyzinae, with which they were formerly combined. Analyses support consistent groups within the subfamily, but relationships between groups are poorly resolved. The validity of the brachypterous genera Penola Richards and Frutillaria Richards is supported. The former genus Archiborborus Duda is paraphyletic, and will be divided into monophyletic genera on the basis of this work. Aptery and brachyptery have evolved multiple times in the subfamily. Antrops Enderlein, previously including a single brachypterous species, is a senior synonym of Archiborborus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel H Kits
- University of Guelph Insect Collection and Insect Systematics Laboratory, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
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Mathis WN, Rung A, Kotrba M. A revision of the genus Planinasus Cresson (Diptera, Periscelididae). Zookeys 2012:1-83. [PMID: 23166461 PMCID: PMC3487652 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.225.3721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2012] [Accepted: 09/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The genus Planinasus Cresson is revised and includes 18 extant and one fossil species. We clarify the status of the three previously described species and describe 15 new species as follows (type locality in parenthesis): Planinasus aenigmaticus (Colombia. Bogota: Bogota (04°35.8'N, 74°08.8'W)), Planinasus neotropicus (Panama. Canal Zone: Barro Colorado Island (09°09.1'N, 79°50.8'W)), Planinasus kotrbae (Ecuador. Orellana: Rio Tiputini Biodiversity Station (0°38.2'S, 76°08.9'W)), Planinasus miradorus (Brazil. Maranhão: Parque Estadual Mirador, Base da Geraldina (06°22.2'S, 44°21.8'W)), Planinasus tobagoensis (Trinidad and Tobago. Tobago. St. John: Parlatuvier (11°17.9'N, 60°39'W)), Planinasus xanthops (Ecuador. Orellana: Rio Tiputini Biodiversity Station (0°38.2'S, 76°8.9'W)), Planinasus argentifacies (Peru. Madre de Dios: Río Manu, Pakitza (11°56.6'S, 71°16.9'W; 250 m)), Planinasus insulanus (Dominican Republic. La Vega: near Jarabacoa, Salto Guasara (19°04.4'N, 70°42.1'W, 680 m)), Planinasus nigritarsus (Guyana. Conservation of Ecological Interactions and Biotic Associations (CEIBA; ca. 40 km S Georgetown; 06°29.9'N, 58°13.1'W)), Planinasus atriclypeus (Brazil. Rio de Janeiro: Rio de Janeiro, Floresta da Tijuca (22°57.6'S, 43°16.4'W)), Planinasus atrifrons (Bolivia. Santa Cruz: Ichilo, Buena Vista (4-6 km SSE; Hotel Flora y Fauna; 17°29.95'S, 63°33.15'W; 4-500 m)), P. flavicoxalis (West Indies. Dominica. St. David: 1.6 km N of junction of roads to Rosalie and Castle Bruce (15°23.8'N, 61°18.6'W)), Planinasus mcalpineorum (Mexico. Chiapas: Cacahoatan (7 km N; 15°04.1'N, 92°07.4'W)), Planinasus nigrifacies (Brazil. São Paulo: Mogi das Cruzes, Serra do Itapeti (23°31.5'S, 46°11.2'W)), Planinasus obscuripennis (Peru. Madre de Dios: Río Manu, Erika (near Salvación; 12°50.7'S, 71°23.3'W; 550 m)). In addition to external characters, we also describe and illustrate structures of the male terminalia and for Planinasus kotrbaesp. n., the internal female reproductive organs. Detailed locality data and distribution maps for all species are provided. For perspective and to facilitate genus-group and species-group recognition, the family Periscelididae and subfamily Stenomicrinae are diagnosed and for the latter, a key to included genera is provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wayne N Mathis
- Department of Entomology, NHB 169, PO BOX 37012; Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012, USA
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Nelson LA, Cameron SL, Yeates DK. The complete mitochondrial genome of the gall-forming fly, Fergusonina taylori Nelson and Yeates (Diptera: Fergusoninidae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 22:197-9. [PMID: 22165837 DOI: 10.3109/19401736.2011.632896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The monogeneric family Fergusoninidae consists of gall-forming flies that, together with Fergusobia (Tylenchida: Neotylenchidae) nematodes, form the only known mutualistic association between insects and nematodes. In this study, the entire 16,000 bp mitochondrial genome of Fergusonina taylori Nelson and Yeates was sequenced. The circular genome contains one encoding region including 27 genes and one non-coding A+T-rich region. The arrangement of the protein-coding, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA) genes was the same as that found in the ancestral insect. Nucleotide composition is highly A+T biased. All of the protein initiation codons are ATN, except for nad1 which begins with TTT. All 22 tRNA anticodons of F. taylori match those observed in Drosophila yakuba, and all form the typical cloverleaf structure except for tRNA-Ser((AGN)) which lacks a dihydrouridine (DHU) arm. Secondary structural features of the rRNA genes of Fergusonina are similar to those proposed for other insects, with minor modifications. The mitochondrial genome of Fergusonina presented here may prove valuable for resolving the sister group to the Fergusoninidae, and expands the available mtDNA data sources for acalyptrates overall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leigh A Nelson
- Australian National Insect Collection and Taxonomic Research and Information Network, CSIRO Ecosystem Sciences, Canberra, ACT, Australia.
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