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Dornas T, Dantas SM, Araújo-Silva LE, Morais F, Aleixo A. Comparative Phylogeography of Birds Across the Tocantins–Araguaia Interfluve Reveals a New Biogeographic Suture in the Amazon Far East. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.826394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Few phylogeographic studies have focused on understanding the role of the Tocantins–Araguaia Interfluve (TAI) in the diversification of Amazonian biodiversity. Herein we evaluate the phylogeographic relationships of 14 avian lineages present in the TAI and its two neighboring Amazonian Areas of Endemism: the Xingu (XAE) and Belém (BAE). Four alternative scenarios coupling degree of genetic differentiation and area relationships were tested: (1) populations distributed in TAI, BAE, and XAE are not genetically differentiated from each other (assumed as the null hypothesis); (2) populations from TAI are more closely related to those from BAE; (3) populations from TAI are more closely related to those from XAE; and (4) TAI populations represent independent or endemic lineages not present in either the BAE or XAE. Molecular analyses considered Bayesian Inference methods and Bayesian Information Criterion (BIC) evolutionary models, haplotype sharing and genetic differentiation estimates. We found three distinct phylogeographic patterns: (i) four lineages presented no population structure across XAE, TAI and BAE; (ii) six lineages were represented in the TAI with distinct phylogroups replacing each other between XAE and BAE, but with varying degrees of contact and evidence of gene-flow within the TAI; and (iii) for four lineages, the Tocantins River acted as a barrier isolating BAE phylogroups from those inhabiting both TAI and XAE. These different patterns demonstrate a heterogeneous response to the barrier effects posed by both the Tocantins and Araguaia rivers on the local fauna. Historical geomorphological and hydromorphological factors, such as the presence and absence of paleochannels and anastomosed channel stretches and variations in sedimentation rates support a dynamic history for the Araguaia-Tocantins floodplains, likely accounting for the observed heterogeneity in species’ specific responses. Finally, the scenario of phylogeographic breaks and population subdivision recovered herein along the Tocantins and Araguaia rivers, associated with the existence of contact zones and the occurrence of gene flow, define the TAI as hitherto unknown biogeographic suture zone, localized in southeasternmost Amazonia.
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Santorelli Junior S, Magnusson WE, de Deus CP, Keitt TH. Neutral processes and reduced dispersal across Amazonian rivers may explain how rivers maintain species diversity after secondary contact. Perspect Ecol Conserv 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pecon.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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3
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Leite Leão D, Vasconcelos Sampaio W, da Cunha Sousa P, Oskam IC, Rodrigues Dos Santos R, Souza Domingues SF. The use of anogenital distance as a non-invasive predictor of seminal quality in captive squirrel monkey (Saimiri collinsi Osgood 1961). J Med Primatol 2021; 50:299-305. [PMID: 34476816 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anogenital distance is considered a non-invasive measure to assess the development and functionality of sexual organs in different animal species. Hence, this measurement could potentially be used during the selection of non-human primates for reproductive biotechnology programs. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between anogenital distance and reproductive parameters in captive Saimiri collinsi. METHODS Eight mature S. collinsi males were evaluated. Body weight, reproductive hormone levels, testicular volume, and seminal parameters were determined, and their relationship with anogenital distance measurements was assessed. RESULTS Anogenital distance was correlated with seminal volume, sperm motility, vigor, and plasma membrane integrity, but not with body weight, reproductive hormones, and testicular volume. CONCLUSION The determination of anogenital distance is a non-invasive method to predict seminal quality. This procedure has the advantage of providing andrologic information without a negative impact on animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuza Leite Leão
- Laboratory of Wild Animal Biotechnology and Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Wlaisa Vasconcelos Sampaio
- Laboratory of Wild Animal Biotechnology and Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Animal Health and Production in the Amazon, Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Belém, Brazil.,Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Parauapebas, Brazil
| | - Patrícia da Cunha Sousa
- Laboratory of Wild Animal Biotechnology and Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Irma Caroline Oskam
- The Livestock Production Research Centre, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Sheyla Farhayldes Souza Domingues
- Laboratory of Wild Animal Biotechnology and Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Animal Health and Production in the Amazon, Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Belém, Brazil
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Locquet L, Houdellier B, Broeckx BJG, Bouts T, Liekens V, Saunders JH, Smets P. Transthoracic echocardiography and cardiac biomarkers in healthy captive male and female squirrel monkeys (Saimiri spp.). BMC Vet Res 2020; 16:217. [PMID: 32600351 PMCID: PMC7322930 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-020-02406-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Echocardiography is the most frequently used non -invasive diagnostic tool to evaluate cardiac anatomy and function in domestic species but increasingly also in non -domestic species, especially since cardiac disease is being recognized as an important cause of death in captive primates. The purpose of this cross -sectional study was to investigate the feasibility of transthoracic echocardiography in healthy squirrel monkeys as well as to provide species specific normal values for standard echocardiographic measurements. A secondary aim was to determine plasma and serum levels of the cardiac biomarkers, N -terminal pro -brain natriuretic peptide (NT -proBNP) and cardiac troponin T (cTnT). Furthermore, a commercial, non -invasive, smartphone -based ECG (AliveCor Vet TM) monitoring device was used to evaluate the heart rate and rhythm and to diagnose possible arrhythmias. Results In this study, transthoracic echocardiography of 14 squirrel monkeys was performed in right and left lateral recumbency. Similar standard right parasternal and left apical images were obtained as in dogs and cats and normal values for routine two -dimensional, time motion mode and Doppler mode measurements were generated. Thirteen animals were considered healthy and one squirrel monkey was identified with significant aortic dilation and regurgitation and consequently values obtained from this animal were not used when species specific normal values were calculated. NT -ProBNP and cTnT concentrations were available for 7 of the 13 healthy monkeys with NT -proBNP concentrations below detection limit in all animals and a mean cTnT concentration of 0.049 ng/mL. Electrocardiography was performed in all squirrel monkeys. The mean heart rate was 172 bpm. Frequent supraventricular premature beats were diagnosed in the squirrel monkey suffering from significant aortic dilation and regurgitation. Conclusion This study presents echocardiographic normal values and additional cardiovascular data in anaesthetised Saimiri monkeys, fundamental from both the perspective of zoo animal health care as well as scientific research, since the squirrel monkey is often used as an animal model for human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Locquet
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - Blandine Houdellier
- Department of Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Bart J G Broeckx
- Department of Nutrition, Genetics and Ethology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | | | - Veronique Liekens
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Jimmy H Saunders
- Department of Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Pascale Smets
- Small Animal Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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Mulholland MM, Williams LE, Abee CR. Neonatal activity and state control differences among three squirrel monkey subspecies (Saimiri sciureus sciureus, S. boliviensis boliviensis, and S. boliviensis peruviensis). Am J Primatol 2019; 82:e23048. [PMID: 31502301 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Squirrel monkeys are a long-standing biomedical model, with multiple species and subspecies housed in research facilities. Few studies have examined the developmental differences between these subspecies, which may affect research outcomes. The primate neonatal neurobehavioral assessment was completed at 2 weeks of age with 279 dam-reared squirrel monkeys (188 Saimiri boliviensis boliviensis, 45 S. b. peruviensis, and 46 Saimiri. sciureus sciureus). Activity, orientation to stimuli, state control, and motor maturity scores, as well as startle responses and number of vocalizations were compared across subspecies and sex using factorial analysis of covariance (ANCOVAs) controlling for birthweight. There were no differences in orientation or motor maturity scores (p > .05) among the three subspecies or between sexes; however, there were significant subspecies differences in motor activity and state control scores. Of the three subspecies, S. s. sciureus has the lowest state control and activity scores (p < .05). They also had the most exaggerated startle response/aversion to a sudden loud noise, vocalized significantly less, and were less likely to resist restraint during the assessment (p < .05). The three subspecies of squirrel monkeys did not differ in motor development and attention to external stimuli but were significantly different in state control and activity levels. Overall S. s. sciureus were less active, agitated, irritable, and easier to console compared to S. b. boliviensis and S. b. peruviensis. This supports field research on socioecology which documented different social structure and behavior in wild populations of S. s. sciureus compared to S. b. boliviensis and S. b. peruviensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele M Mulholland
- Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, Texas.,Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lawrence E Williams
- Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, Texas
| | - Christian R Abee
- Michale E. Keeling Center for Comparative Medicine and Research, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Bastrop, Texas
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Braz AG, Lorini ML, Vale MM. Climate change is likely to affect the distribution but not parapatry of the Brazilian marmoset monkeys (
Callithrix
spp.). DIVERS DISTRIB 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/ddi.12872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alan Gerhardt Braz
- Department of Ecology Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Maria Lucia Lorini
- Department of Natural Sciences Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
| | - Mariana Moncassim Vale
- Department of Ecology Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
- Brazilian Research Network on Global Climate Change (Rede Clima) São José dos Campos Brazil
- Laboratorio Internacional de Cambio Global (LINC‐Global) Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) Madrid Spain
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Khanal L, Chalise MK, Wan T, Jiang X. Riverine barrier effects on population genetic structure of the Hanuman langur (Semnopithecus entellus) in the Nepal Himalaya. BMC Evol Biol 2018; 18:159. [PMID: 30382913 PMCID: PMC6211570 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-018-1280-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Past climatological events and contemporary geophysical barriers shape the distribution, population genetic structure, and evolutionary history of many organisms. The Himalayan region, frequently referred to as the third pole of the Earth, has experienced large-scale climatic oscillations in the past and bears unique geographic, topographic, and climatic areas. The influences of the Pleistocene climatic fluctuations and present-day geographical barriers such as rivers in shaping the demographic history and population genetic structure of organisms in the Nepal Himalaya have not yet been documented. Hence, we examined the effects of late-Quaternary glacial-interglacial cycles and riverine barriers on the genetic composition of Hanuman langurs (Semnopithecus entellus), a colobine primate with a wide range of altitudinal distribution across the Nepalese Himalaya, using the mitochondrial DNA control region (CR, 1090 bp) and cytochrome B (CYTB, 1140 bp) sequences combined with paleodistribution modeling. RESULTS DNA sequences were successfully retrieved from 67 non-invasively collected fecal samples belonging to 18 wild Hanuman langur troops covering the entire distribution range of the species in Nepal. We identified 37 haplotypes from the concatenated CR + CYTB (2230 bp) sequences, with haplotype and nucleotide diversities of 0.958 ± 0.015 and 0.0237 ± 0.0008, respectively. The troops were clustered into six major clades corresponding to their river-isolated spatial distribution, with the significantly high genetic variation among these clades confirming the barrier effects of the snow-fed Himalayan rivers on genetic structuring. Analysis of demographic history projected a decrease in population size with the onset of the last glacial maximum (LGM); and, in accordance with the molecular analyses, paleodistribution modeling revealed a range shift in its suitable habitat downward/southward during the LGM. The complex genetic structure among the populations of central Nepal, and the stable optimal habitat through the last interglacial period to the present suggest that the central mid-hills of Nepal served as glacial refugia for the Hanuman langur. CONCLUSIONS Hanuman langurs of the Nepal Himalaya region exhibit high genetic diversity, with their population genetic structure is strongly shaped by riverine barrier effects beyond isolation by distance; hence, this species demands detailed future phylogenetic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laxman Khanal
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223 Yunnan China
- Kunming College of Life Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223 China
- Central Department of Zoology, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, 44613 Nepal
| | - Mukesh Kumar Chalise
- Central Department of Zoology, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu, 44613 Nepal
| | - Tao Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223 Yunnan China
| | - Xuelong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Resources and Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, 650223 Yunnan China
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources, Laboratory of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Yunnan University, Kunming, China
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8
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Christodoulou MD, Battey NH, Culham A. Can you make morphometrics work when you know the right answer? Pick and mix approaches for apple identification. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0205357. [PMID: 30321222 PMCID: PMC6188776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0205357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 09/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Morphological classification of living things has challenged science for several centuries and has led to a wide range of objective morphometric approaches in data gathering and analysis. In this paper we explore those methods using apple cultivars, a model biological system in which discrete groups are pre-defined but in which there is a high level of overall morphological similarity. The effectiveness of morphometric techniques in discovering the groups is evaluated using statistical learning tools. No one technique proved optimal in classification on every occasion, linear morphometric techniques slightly out-performing geometric (72.6% accuracy on test set versus 66.7%). The combined use of these techniques with post-hoc knowledge of their individual successes with particular cultivars achieves a notably higher classification accuracy (77.8%). From this we conclude that even with pre-determined discrete categories, a range of approaches is needed where those categories are intrinsically similar to each other, and we raise the question of whether in studies where potentially continuous natural variation is being categorised the level of match between categories is routinely set too high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria D. Christodoulou
- University of Reading Herbarium, Harborne Building, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas Hugh Battey
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Alastair Culham
- University of Reading Herbarium, Harborne Building, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Martins-Junior AMG, Carneiro J, Sampaio I, Ferrari SF, Schneider H. Phylogenetic relationships among Capuchin (Cebidae, Platyrrhini) lineages: An old event of sympatry explains the current distribution of Cebus and Sapajus. Genet Mol Biol 2018; 41:699-712. [PMID: 30235394 PMCID: PMC6136366 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2017-0012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Capuchin monkeys are currently represented by four species of Cebus and eight of Sapajus. This group is taxonomically complex and several questions still need to be clarified. In the current study, using mtDNA markers and a larger sample representation than in previous studies, we seek to understand the phylogenetic relationships among the capuchin lineages and their historical biogeography. All 12 species of capuchins were analyzed for the mitochondrial Control Region and Cytochrome b to test two biogeographical hypotheses: "Reinvasion of the Amazon (ROA)" and "Sympatric Evolution (SEV)". The phylogenetic relationships among distinct lineages within genera is consistent with an evolutionary diversification pattern probably resulting from an explosive process of diversification and dispersal between 2.0 Ma and 3.0 Ma. Also, the analyses show that the ancestral capuchins were distributed in a wide area encompassing the Amazon and Atlantic Forest. Our results support the SEV hypothesis, showing that the current syntopic distribution of Cebus and Sapajus can be explained by a sympatric speciation event in the Amazon. We also indicate that the recently proposed species taxonomy of Cebus is not supported, and that S. cay and S. macrocephalus are a junior synonym of S. apella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Marcio Gomes Martins-Junior
- Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança,
PA, Brazil
- Laboratório de Genética, Evolução e Bioinformática, Instituto Federal do
Pará, Tucurui, PA, Brazil
| | - Jeferson Carneiro
- Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança,
PA, Brazil
| | - Iracilda Sampaio
- Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança,
PA, Brazil
| | - Stephen F. Ferrari
- Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal de Sergipe, São
Cristovão, SE, Brazil
- Department of Life Sciences, Roehampton University, London, UK
| | - Horacio Schneider
- Instituto de Estudos Costeiros, Universidade Federal do Pará, Bragança,
PA, Brazil
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10
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Houdellier B, Liekens V, Smets P, Bouts T, Saunders JH. Thoracic radiography of healthy captive male and female Squirrel monkey (Saimiri spp.). PLoS One 2018; 13:e0201646. [PMID: 30086141 PMCID: PMC6080787 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this prospective study was to describe the normal anatomy and provide reference ranges for measurements of thoracic radiography on Squirrel monkeys (n = 13). Thoracic radiography is a common non-invasive diagnostic tool for both cardiac and non-cardiac thoracic structures. Furthermore cardiac disease is a common condition in captive primates. In this study, left-right lateral, right-left lateral and dorsoventral projections of 13 healthy Squirrel monkeys were reviewed during their annual health examinations. The mean Vertebral Heart Score on the left-right and right-left lateral projections were 8,98 ± 0,25 and 8,85 ± 0,35 respectively. The cardio-thoracic ratio on the dorsoventral projection was 0,68 ± 0,03. The trachea to inlet ratio was 0,33 ± 0,04. Other measurements are provided for the skeletal, cardiac and respiratory systems. Knowledge of the normal radiographic thoracic anatomy is fundamental in clinical as well as research settings for accurate diagnosis of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blandine Houdellier
- Department of Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopaedic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Véronique Liekens
- Department of Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Pascale Smets
- Department of Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Tim Bouts
- Zoo of Pairi Daiza, Brugelette, Belgium
| | - Jimmy H. Saunders
- Department of Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopaedic, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Gent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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11
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Goldschmidt B, Lopes CAA, Resende F, Pissinatti TA, Toledo DC, Meireles BCS, Cordeiro NFG. Terminal 13p deletion in squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) with differentiated phenotype. J Med Primatol 2018; 47:412-415. [PMID: 29956824 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The taxonomic classification of squirrel monkeys is often controversial issue offering many different information. The classification of captive animals is difficult due to the phenotypic similarities between the presented species, which is observed mainly in coat coloration. METHODS The objective of this study was to analyze the chromosome pattern of one squirrel monkey with off standard physical characteristics, which is kept in the Laboratory Animals Breeding Center in Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, and try to establish some correlations. Chromosomes were obtained using lymphocyte culture technique. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS Evaluation of G bands showed a terminal deletion in one chromosome of pair 13. The association of the results found with the different phenotypic characteristics led us to classify it as a Saimiri sciureus specimen with a structural chromosomal change, possibly allowing the expression of hemizygous alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Goldschmidt
- Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não-Humanos/ICTB/ FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - C A A Lopes
- Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não-Humanos/ICTB/ FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - F Resende
- Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não-Humanos/ICTB/ FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - T A Pissinatti
- Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não-Humanos/ICTB/ FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - D C Toledo
- Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não-Humanos/ICTB/ FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - B C S Meireles
- Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não-Humanos/ICTB/ FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - N F G Cordeiro
- Serviço de Criação de Primatas Não-Humanos/ICTB/ FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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12
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Pinto Mercês M, de Paula WS, de Sousa e Silva Júnior J. New records of Saimiri collinsi Osgood, 1916 (Cebidae, Primates), with comments on habitat use and conservation. MAMMALIA 2017. [DOI: 10.1515/mammalia-2017-0050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Saimiri collinsi is a primate that occurs in the Amazon biome and recently was elevated to species status. Despite being an abundant and widespread species, S. collinsi distributional limits are still unknown in the transitional region between Amazon and Cerrado biomes. Here we provide 25 new records for the species, obtained through field observation and analysis of museum specimens. Twenty-one records are from Maranhāo state, three from Tocantins where the species had not yet been registered and one in Pará state. These records expand its known distribution, which now includes the area of transition between the Amazon and Cerrado, as well as one record in the Cerrado biome. We registered the species in areas with intense forest fragmentation and within different habitat types, including primary and secondary forest, babassu palm forest and capoeira forest. This indicates that S. collinsi is a species that can survive in locations with extreme anthropogenic alterations. Nevertheless, out of these new records only the ones in Maranhāo are within protected areas. Even these protected areas are undergoing pressures from deforestation, agriculture, livestock and mining, suggesting that these squirrel monkey populations might be threatened in this region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Pinto Mercês
- Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Coordenação de Zoologia, Setor de Mastozoologia, CZO , Av. Perimetral no. 1901 , 66077530, Belém, PA , Brazil , Tel.: +(5591)3075-6134
| | - Wlainer Silva de Paula
- Neofauna Ambiental Ltda , Qd. 1203 sul, Alameda 25, HM-13, Areia Branca, apt. 202 , 77019449, Palmas, TO , Brazil
| | - José de Sousa e Silva Júnior
- Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi, Coordenação de Zoologia, Setor de Mastozoologia, CZO , Av. Perimetral no. 1901 , 66077530, Belém, PA , Brazil , Tel.: +(5591)3075-6134
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13
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Ruedas LA. A new species of cottontail rabbit (Lagomorpha: Leporidae: Sylvilagus) from Suriname, with comments on the taxonomy of allied taxa from northern South America. J Mammal 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/jmammal/gyx048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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14
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Morphologic analysis of sperm from two neotropical primate species: comparisons between the squirrel monkeys Saimiri collinsi and Saimiri vanzolinii. ZYGOTE 2017; 25:141-148. [DOI: 10.1017/s0967199416000411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
SummarySperm morphometry can be applied to identify different animal groups and species and to evaluate sperm quality. Furthermore, knowledge on species-specific differences will help to enhance biological information, as well as to develop efficient reproductive technologies. The aims in the present study were to describe sperm morphometry from the recently characterized species S. collinsi and S. vanzolinii, to verify if the morphometric sperm patterns are similar or different between both species, and to determine if the sperm morphometry is affected by the levels of sperm defects using the S. collinsi as a model. Semen was collected from S. collinsi (n = 10) and S. vanzolinii (n = 2) monkeys, and sperm was submitted to morphological analysis. From the 10 samples from S. collinsi, five presented sperm of poor quality and two subgroups were formed for this species, i.e. high and poor quality sperm. Data on sperm motility and vigour were analysed, as well morphometric parameters on sperm head and tail. It was observed the normal morphometry was correlated with high quality sperm. Poor quality sperm presented smaller and 7% more ellipticity in their head, when compared with high quality sperm. Sperm from S. vanzolinii presented larger head than those from S. collinsi, but tail lengths were similar. Sperm morphometry can be used as a complementary tool to predict sperm motility and vigour for the S. collinsi species, and S. collinsi appear as a suitable model for S. vanzolinii.
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Lopes GP, Brito AB, Paim FP, Santos RR, Queiroz HL, Domingues SFS. Comparative Characterization of the External Genitalia and Reproductive Tubular Organs of Three Species of the GenusSaimiriVoigt, 1831 (Primates: Cebidae). Anat Histol Embryol 2016; 46:143-161. [DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. P. Lopes
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science; Federal University of Pará; Belém Pará Brazil
| | - A. B. Brito
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science; Federal University of Pará; Belém Pará Brazil
| | - F. P. Paim
- Research Group on Ecology of Terrestrial Vertebrates; Institute for Sustainable Development Mamirauá; Tefé Amazonas Brazil
| | - R. R. Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science; Federal University of Pará; Belém Pará Brazil
| | - H. L. Queiroz
- Research Group on Ecology of Terrestrial Vertebrates; Institute for Sustainable Development Mamirauá; Tefé Amazonas Brazil
| | - S. F. S. Domingues
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Science; Federal University of Pará; Belém Pará Brazil
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Testicular biometry and semen characteristics in captive and wild squirrel monkey species (Saimiri sp.). Theriogenology 2016; 86:879-887.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Predation of a squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) by an Amazon tree boa (Corallus hortulanus): even small boids may be a potential threat to small-bodied platyrrhines. Primates 2016; 57:317-22. [PMID: 27165689 DOI: 10.1007/s10329-016-0545-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Predation has been suggested to play a major role in the evolution of primate ecology, although reports of predation events are very rare. Mammalian carnivores, raptors, and snakes are known predators of Neotropical primates, and most reported attacks by snakes are attributed to Boa constrictor (terrestrial boas). Here, we document the predation of a squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus) by an Amazon tree boa (Corallus hortulanus), the first record of the predation of a platyrrhine primate by this boid. The event was recorded during a nocturnal herpetological survey in the Piratuba Lake Biological Reserve, in the north-eastern Brazilian Amazon. The snake was encountered at 20:00 hours on the ground next to a stream, at the final stage of ingesting the monkey. The C. hortulanus specimen was 1620 mm in length (SVL) and weighed 650 g, while the S. sciureus was a young adult female weighing 600 g, 92 % of the body mass of the snake and the largest prey item known to have been ingested by a C. hortulanus. The evidence indicates that the predation event occurred at the end of the afternoon or early evening, and that, while capable of capturing an agile monkey like Saimiri, C. hortulanus may be limited to capturing small platyrrhines such as callitrichines.
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Link A, Valencia LM, Céspedes LN, Duque LD, Cadena CD, Di Fiore A. Phylogeography of the Critically Endangered Brown Spider Monkey (Ateles hybridus): Testing the Riverine Barrier Hypothesis. INT J PRIMATOL 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10764-015-9840-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Lynch Alfaro JW, Boubli JP, Paim FP, Ribas CC, Silva MNFD, Messias MR, Röhe F, Mercês MP, Silva Júnior JS, Silva CR, Pinho GM, Koshkarian G, Nguyen MT, Harada ML, Rabelo RM, Queiroz HL, Alfaro ME, Farias IP. Biogeography of squirrel monkeys (genus Saimiri): South-central Amazon origin and rapid pan-Amazonian diversification of a lowland primate. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2015; 82 Pt B:436-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2013] [Revised: 08/02/2014] [Accepted: 09/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Lynch Alfaro JW, Cortés-Ortiz L, Di Fiore A, Boubli JP. Special issue: Comparative biogeography of Neotropical primates. Mol Phylogenet Evol 2014; 82 Pt B:518-29. [PMID: 25451803 DOI: 10.1016/j.ympev.2014.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Revised: 09/20/2014] [Accepted: 09/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
New research presented in this special issue of Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution on the "Phylogeny and Biogeography of Neotropical Primates" greatly improves our understanding of the evolutionary history of the New World monkeys and provides insights into the multiple platyrrhine radiations, diversifications, extinctions, and recolonizations that have taken place over time and over space in the Neotropics. Here, we synthesize genetic and biogeographic research from the past several years to construct an overarching hypothesis for platyrrhine evolution. We also highlight continuing controversies in Neotropical primate biogeography, such as whether the location of origin of platyrrhines was Africa or Asia; whether Patagonian fossil primates are stem or crown platyrrhines; and whether cis- and trans-Andean Neotropical primates were subject to vicariance through Andes mountain building, or instead diversified through isolation in mountain valleys after skirting around the Andes on the northwestern coast of South America. We also consider the role of the Amazon River and its major tributaries in shaping platyrrhine biodiversity, and how and when primates from the Amazon reached the Atlantic Forest. A key focus is on primate colonizations and extirpations in Central America, the Andes, and the seasonally dry tropical forests and savannas (such as the Llanos, Caatinga, and Cerrado habitats), all ecosystems that have been understudied up until now for primates. We suggest that most primates currently inhabiting drier open habitats are relatively recent arrivals, having expanded from rainforest habitats in the Pleistocene. We point to the Pitheciidae as the taxonomic group most in need of further phylogenetic and biogeographic research. Additionally, genomic studies on the Platyrrhini are deeply needed and are expected to bring new surprises and insights to the field of Neotropical primate biogeography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica W Lynch Alfaro
- Institute for Society and Genetics, 1321 Rolfe Hall, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA; Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Liliana Cortés-Ortiz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
| | | | - Jean P Boubli
- School of Environment and Life Sciences, 315 Peel Building, University of Salford, Salford M5 4WT, UK; Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia INPA, Manaus, Brazil.
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