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Domingues SFS, Leão DL, Monteiro FOB. Ultrasonography of the neotropical primate female reproductive system. Front Vet Sci 2024; 10:1214509. [PMID: 38525406 PMCID: PMC10959094 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1214509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
The Neotropical (e. g., Aotus sp., Callithrix jacchus, Saguinus sp., Saimiri sp., and Sapajus sp.) primates are important models for biomedical research and studies on reproductive physiology and biotechnology. Consequently, studies about gynecological and obstetric ultrasonography are crucial. B-mode ultrasonography is a non-invasive imaging technique that provides real-time bidimensional or three-dimensional/four-dimensional B-mode images. In association with Doppler ultrasonography, B-mode ultrasonography can also be used to monitor the mammalian blood flow to the reproductive tract during important events such as ovulation and gestation. Thus, gynecological and obstetric ultrasonography is essential for establishing the female reproductive anatomical and physiological ovarian and uterine health status, gestational diagnosis, and fetal growth monitoring. For instance, the paper presents and discusses the state-of-the-art gynecological and obstetric ultrasonography in the Neotropical primates, species that are models for biomedical research, and some recent studies on species targets for conservation strategies for wild animal populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheyla Farhayldes Souza Domingues
- Laboratory of Wild Animal Biotechnology and Medicine, Veterinary Medicine Institute, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, State of Pará, Brazil
| | - Danuza Leite Leão
- Laboratory of Wild Animal Biotechnology and Medicine, Veterinary Medicine Institute, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, State of Pará, Brazil
- Mamirauá Institute for Sustainable Development, Tefé, State of Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Frederico Ozanan Barros Monteiro
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Health and Animal Production Institute, Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Belém, State of Pará, Brazil
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Barbosa BB, Evangelista ITA, Soares ARB, Leão DL, Pereira RJG, Domingues SFS. Kinetic vitrification: concepts and perspectives in animal sperm cryopreservation. Anim Reprod 2023; 20:e20220096. [PMID: 37228692 PMCID: PMC10205064 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2022-0096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sperm cryopreservation is an important tool for genetic diversity management programs and the conservation of endangered breeds and species. The most widely used method of sperm conservation is slow freezing, however, during the process, sperm cells suffer from cryoinjury, which reduces their viability and fertility rates. One of the alternatives to slow freezing is vitrification, that consist on rapid freezing, in which viable cells undergo glass-like solidification. This technology requires large concentrations of permeable cryoprotectants (P- CPA's) which increase the viscosity of the medium to prevent intracellular ice formation during cooling and warming, obtaining successful results in vitrification of oocytes and embryos. Unfortunately, this technology failed when applied to vitrification of sperm due to its higher sensitivity to increasing concentrations of P-CPAs. Alternatively, a technique termed 'kinetic sperm vitrification' has been used and consists in a technique of permeant cryoprotectant-free cryopreservation by direct plunging of a sperm suspension into liquid nitrogen. Some of the advantages of kinetic vitrification are the speed of execution and no rate-controlled equipment required. This technique has been used successfully and with better results for motility in human (50-70% motility recovery), dog (42%), fish (82%) and donkey (21.7%). However, more studies are required to improve sperm viability after devitrification, especially when it comes to motility recovery. The objective of this review is to present the principles of kinetic vitrification, the main findings in the literature, and the perspectives for the utilization of this technique as a cryopreservation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Barreto Barbosa
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Medicina de Animais da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal, PA, Brasil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Produção Animal na Amazônia, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, PA, Brasil.
| | - Inara Tayná Alves Evangelista
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Medicina de Animais da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal, PA, Brasil.
| | - Airton Renan Bastos Soares
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Medicina de Animais da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal, PA, Brasil.
| | - Danuza Leite Leão
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Medicina de Animais da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal, PA, Brasil.
- Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, Tefé, AM, Brasil.
| | - Ricardo José Garcia Pereira
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
| | - Sheyla Farhayldes Souza Domingues
- Laboratório de Biotecnologia e Medicina de Animais da Amazônia, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal, PA, Brasil.
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Saúde e Produção Animal na Amazônia, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, PA, Brasil.
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Sampaio WV, Leão DL, Sousa PDC, Domingues SFS. Seasonal variations in gonadosomatic index and seminal quality of squirrel monkeys (Saimiri collinsi). J Med Primatol 2023; 52:92-99. [PMID: 36468665 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We hypothesized that seasonal variations in testicular biometry in Saimiri collinsi are influenced by body mass and that testicular enlargement is related to improved seminal quality. Therefore, the gonadosomatic index (GSI) can be a tool to determine reproductive seasons and the predictors of seminal quality. METHODS Body mass, testicular biometry, and semen samples were obtained from eight adult males monthly and evaluated. RESULTS In the non-fattening/non-reproductive season, the body mass and GSI decreased and increased, respectively, in the fattening. A positive correlation was only observed between the GSI and seminal volume. During fattening, high seminal volume and normal morphology were observed, but sperm concentrations were low. CONCLUSION The GSI cannot be used as a predictor of seminal quality, but selective pressure to improve seminal quality may increase the chances of fertilization at fattening. The GSI provides new information on seasonality and can be used to identify reproductive seasons in squirrel monkeys.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wlaisa Vasconcelos Sampaio
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Health and Production in the Amazon, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, Brazil
| | - Danuza Leite Leão
- Laboratory of Wild Animal Biotechnology and Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal, Brazil.,Mamirauá Institute for Sustainable Development, Tefé, Brazil
| | - Patrícia da Cunha Sousa
- Laboratory of Wild Animal Biotechnology and Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal, Brazil
| | - Sheyla Farhayldes Souza Domingues
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Health and Production in the Amazon, Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, Belém, Brazil.,Laboratory of Wild Animal Biotechnology and Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal do Pará, Castanhal, Brazil
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Vasconcelos Sampaio W, Leite Leão D, da Cunha Sousa P, Lima de Queiroz H, Farhayldes Souza Domingues S. Male fattening is related to increased seminal quality of squirrel monkeys (Saimiri collinsi): Implications for sperm competition. Am J Primatol 2021; 84:e23353. [PMID: 34855233 DOI: 10.1002/ajp.23353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2021] [Revised: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Saimiri are neotropical primates with seasonal reproduction, males develop a seasonal fattening condition that has been suggested as a pre-copulatory sexual selection strategy. Furthermore, females mate with multiple males in the same season. This could also favor the evolution of a postcopulatory sexual strategy by sperm competition. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that there is a relationship between the fatted condition and advantageous seminal characteristics in Saimiri collinsi and evaluated its implications for sperm competition. Adult males (N = 10), aged 5-15 years, housed in mixed or only-male groups, were analyzed from June, 2015 to July, 2016. Measurements of weight, axilla, and arm skinfold, and testicular volume were taken monthly, and semen was collected by electroejaculation. A fattening index was developed to quantify and identify fatted males, biometrics, and seminal parameters were compared between the non-fatted and fatted conditions. The fatted males present a larger testicular volume. This is related to the increase in spermatogenic activity necessary to sustain a high ejaculation frequency during the mating season. An increase in seminal volume and in frequency of semen coagulation were detected in fatted males, advantages related to sperm protection in the female reproductive tract. Age and social context were not significant sources of variation for both morphological and seminal traits. A decrease in response from the fatted males in obtaining semen and an increase in the frequency of azoospermic ejaculates were observed. These unexpected results may be due to intense reproductive activities in a short period. The fattening phenomenon has many implications in the sexual selection of squirrel monkeys, and they are still not entirely unveiled. Our results corroborate the idea that, in S. collinsi, the fatted male condition is related to sexual selection, and we found evidence suggesting it may be also expressed by a post-copulatory component, sperm competition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wlaisa Vasconcelos Sampaio
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Health and Production in the Amazon, Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Belém, Pará, Brazil.,Laboratory of Wild Animal Biotechnology and Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Pará, Brazil
| | - Danuza Leite Leão
- Laboratory of Wild Animal Biotechnology and Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Pará, Brazil.,Grupo de Pesquisa em Ecologia de Primatas Amazônicos do Instituto Mamirauá, Mamirauá Institute for Sustainable Development, Tefé, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Patrícia da Cunha Sousa
- Laboratory of Wild Animal Biotechnology and Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Pará, Brazil
| | - Helder Lima de Queiroz
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Ecologia de Primatas Amazônicos do Instituto Mamirauá, Mamirauá Institute for Sustainable Development, Tefé, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Sheyla Farhayldes Souza Domingues
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Health and Production in the Amazon, Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Belém, Pará, Brazil.,Laboratory of Wild Animal Biotechnology and Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Castanhal, Pará, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Animal Reproduction in the Amazon, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
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Leite Leão D, Vasconcelos Sampaio W, da Cunha Sousa P, Oskam IC, Rodrigues Dos Santos R, Souza Domingues SF. The use of anogenital distance as a non-invasive predictor of seminal quality in captive squirrel monkey (Saimiri collinsi Osgood 1961). J Med Primatol 2021; 50:299-305. [PMID: 34476816 DOI: 10.1111/jmp.12541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anogenital distance is considered a non-invasive measure to assess the development and functionality of sexual organs in different animal species. Hence, this measurement could potentially be used during the selection of non-human primates for reproductive biotechnology programs. The aim of this study was to assess the correlation between anogenital distance and reproductive parameters in captive Saimiri collinsi. METHODS Eight mature S. collinsi males were evaluated. Body weight, reproductive hormone levels, testicular volume, and seminal parameters were determined, and their relationship with anogenital distance measurements was assessed. RESULTS Anogenital distance was correlated with seminal volume, sperm motility, vigor, and plasma membrane integrity, but not with body weight, reproductive hormones, and testicular volume. CONCLUSION The determination of anogenital distance is a non-invasive method to predict seminal quality. This procedure has the advantage of providing andrologic information without a negative impact on animal welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danuza Leite Leão
- Laboratory of Wild Animal Biotechnology and Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Wlaisa Vasconcelos Sampaio
- Laboratory of Wild Animal Biotechnology and Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Animal Health and Production in the Amazon, Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Belém, Brazil.,Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Parauapebas, Brazil
| | - Patrícia da Cunha Sousa
- Laboratory of Wild Animal Biotechnology and Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Irma Caroline Oskam
- The Livestock Production Research Centre, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Sheyla Farhayldes Souza Domingues
- Laboratory of Wild Animal Biotechnology and Medicine, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil.,Postgraduate Program in Animal Health and Production in the Amazon, Federal Rural University of the Amazon, Belém, Brazil
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da Cunha Sousa P, Leão DL, Sampaio WV, Vasconcelos FR, de Paiva Pinheiro SK, de Castro Miguel E, Dos Santos RR, Alencar Moura A, Domingues SFS. Morphological and ultrastructural changes in seminal coagulum of the squirrel monkey (Saimiri collinsi Osgood, 1916) before and after liquefaction. Anim Reprod Sci 2021; 226:106710. [PMID: 33556753 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2021.106710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Studies with squirrel monkey semen are of special interest due to the large amount of coagulation that is a component of the semen, which is a problem that has to be overcome when the objective is harvesting of gametes. In the present study, there was characterization of the seminal coagulum of captive S. collinsi. Four samples of ejaculates were collected using electroejaculation procedures from four animals. The aim in conducting this study was to evaluate seminal coagulum of S. collinsi using histological and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) procedures before and after semen liquefaction in an ACP-118® extender. Seminal coagulum of S. collinsi was composed of a superficial plate (external), which coats the spongy seminal plasma matrix of S. collinsi. Additionally, there were sperm in the external and internal components of the coagulum with these gametes being isolated or grouped and with there being a heterogeneous distribution of gametes. The supplementation of semen with ACP-118® resulted in a partial dissolution of the seminal plate and spongy matrix portions of the seminal coagulum within the first hour of incubation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrícia da Cunha Sousa
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Medicine of Amazônia - BIOMEDAM, Federal University of Pará, 68.746-360, Castanhal, Pará, Brazil
| | - Danuza Leite Leão
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Medicine of Amazônia - BIOMEDAM, Federal University of Pará, 68.746-360, Castanhal, Pará, Brazil
| | - Wlaisa Vasconcelos Sampaio
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Medicine of Amazônia - BIOMEDAM, Federal University of Pará, 68.746-360, Castanhal, Pará, Brazil; Postgraduate Program in Animal Health and Production in the Amazon, Federal Rural University of Amazônia, 66.077-530, Belém, Pará, Brazil.
| | - Fábio Roger Vasconcelos
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, 60.356-000, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Sergimar Kennedy de Paiva Pinheiro
- Federal University of Ceará, Department of Physics/Central Analytical of the Federal University of Ceará, 60.020-181, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Emilio de Castro Miguel
- Federal University of Ceará, Department of Physics/Central Analytical of the Federal University of Ceará, 60.020-181, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Regiane Rodrigues Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Medicine of Amazônia - BIOMEDAM, Federal University of Pará, 68.746-360, Castanhal, Pará, Brazil
| | - Arlindo Alencar Moura
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Ceará, 60.356-000, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Sheyla Farhayldes Souza Domingues
- Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Medicine of Amazônia - BIOMEDAM, Federal University of Pará, 68.746-360, Castanhal, Pará, Brazil
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