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Eyer PA, Finand B, Mona S, Khimoun A, D'ettorre P, Fédérici P, Leroy C, Cornette R, Chifflet-Belle P, Monnin T, Doums C. Integrative characterization of genetic and phenotypic differentiation in an ant species complex with strong hierarchical population structure and low dispersal abilities. Heredity (Edinb) 2023; 130:163-176. [PMID: 36585503 PMCID: PMC9981590 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-022-00590-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Low dispersal, occurrence of asexual reproduction and geographic discontinuity increase genetic differentiation between populations, which ultimately can lead to speciation. In this work, we used a multidisciplinary framework to characterize the genetic and phenotypic differentiation between and within two cryptic ant species with restricted dispersal, Cataglyphis cursor and C. piliscapa and used behavioral experiments to test for reproductive isolation. Their distribution is segregated by the Rhône River and they have been traditionally distinguished only by hair numbers, although a statistical assessment is still lacking. We found strong genetic (microsatellites, nuclear and mitochondrial sequences), morphological (number of hairs, tibia length, male genitalia) and chemical (cuticular hydrocarbons) differentiation not only between species but also among localities within species. However, inter-specific differentiation was slightly higher than intra-specific differentiation for most markers. Overall, this pattern could either reflect reproductive isolation or could result from a longer period of geographic isolation between species than among localities within species without necessarily involving reproductive isolation. Interestingly, our behavioral experiments showed an absence of mating between species associated to a higher aggressiveness of workers towards heterospecific males. This suggests that sexual selection may, at least partially, fuel reproductive isolation. We also showed that cuticular hydrocarbons, mtDNA sequences and number of hairs provide reliable criteria allowing species discrimination. Overall, this species complex offers a case study to further investigate varying stages of a speciation continuum by estimating reproductive isolation between pairs of localities varying by their level of genetic differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Eyer
- Department of Entomology, 2143 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843-2143, USA.
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), UMR 7205, MNHN, CNRS, EPHE-PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université des Antilles, 75005, Paris, France.
- EPHE, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France.
| | - B Finand
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), UMR 7205, MNHN, CNRS, EPHE-PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université des Antilles, 75005, Paris, France
| | - S Mona
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), UMR 7205, MNHN, CNRS, EPHE-PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université des Antilles, 75005, Paris, France
- EPHE, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
| | - A Khimoun
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), UMR 7205, MNHN, CNRS, EPHE-PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université des Antilles, 75005, Paris, France
- EPHE, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
- Biogéosciences, UMR 6282 CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - P D'ettorre
- Laboratory of Experimental and Comparative Ethology, University of Paris 13, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 93430, Villetaneuse, France
| | - P Fédérici
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Est Créteil, CNRS, INRAe, IRD, Institute of Ecology and Environmental sciences of Paris, iEES-Paris, 75005, Paris, France
| | - C Leroy
- Biogéosciences, UMR 6282 CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000, Dijon, France
| | - R Cornette
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), UMR 7205, MNHN, CNRS, EPHE-PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université des Antilles, 75005, Paris, France
| | - P Chifflet-Belle
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), UMR 7205, MNHN, CNRS, EPHE-PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université des Antilles, 75005, Paris, France
- EPHE, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
| | - T Monnin
- Sorbonne Université, Université Paris Est Créteil, CNRS, INRAe, IRD, Institute of Ecology and Environmental sciences of Paris, iEES-Paris, 75005, Paris, France
| | - C Doums
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (ISYEB), UMR 7205, MNHN, CNRS, EPHE-PSL, Sorbonne Université, Université des Antilles, 75005, Paris, France
- EPHE, PSL University, 75005, Paris, France
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Burns M, Hedin M, Tsurusaki N. Population genomics and geographical parthenogenesis in Japanese harvestmen (Opiliones, Sclerosomatidae, Leiobunum). Ecol Evol 2018; 8:36-52. [PMID: 29321849 PMCID: PMC5756897 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 10/09/2017] [Accepted: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Naturally occurring population variation in reproductive mode presents an opportunity for researchers to test hypotheses regarding the evolution of sex. Asexual reproduction frequently assumes a geographical pattern, in which parthenogenesis-dominated populations are more broadly dispersed than their sexual conspecifics. We evaluate the geographical distribution of genomic signatures associated with parthenogenesis using nuclear and mitochondrial DNA sequence data from two Japanese harvestman sister taxa, Leiobunum manubriatum and Leiobunum globosum. Asexual reproduction is putatively facultative in these species, and female-biased localities are common in habitat margins. Past karyotypic and current cytometric work indicates L. globosum is entirely tetraploid, while L. manubriatum may be either diploid or tetraploid. We estimated species phylogeny, genetic differentiation, diversity, and mitonuclear discordance in females collected across the species range in order to identify range expansion toward marginal habitat, potential for hybrid origin, and persistence of asexual lineages. Our results point to northward expansion of a tetraploid ancestor of L. manubriatum and L. globosum, coupled with support for greater male gene flow in southern L. manubriatum localities. Specimens from localities in the Tohoku and Hokkaido regions were indistinct, particularly those of L. globosum, potentially due to little mitochondrial differentiation or haplotypic variation. Although L. manubriatum overlaps with L. globosum across its entire range, L. globosum was reconstructed as monophyletic with strong support using mtDNA, and marginal support with nuclear loci. Ultimately, we find evidence for continued sexual reproduction in both species and describe opportunities to clarify the rate and mechanism of parthenogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Burns
- Department of BiologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCAUSA
- Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of MarylandBaltimore County, BaltimoreMDUSA
| | - Marshal Hedin
- Department of BiologySan Diego State UniversitySan DiegoCAUSA
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