1
|
Dai Z, Cai R, Zeng H, Zhu H, Dou Y, Sun S. Exosome may be the next generation of promising cell-free vaccines. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2024; 20:2345940. [PMID: 38714324 PMCID: PMC11086043 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2345940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Traditional vaccines have limits against some persistent infections and pathogens. The development of novel vaccine technologies is particularly critical for the future. Exosomes play an important role in physiological and pathological processes. Exosomes present many advantages, such as inherent capacity being biocompatible, non-toxic, which make them a more desirable candidate for vaccines. However, research on exosomes are in their infancy and the barriers of low yield, low purity, and weak targeting of exosomes limit their applications in vaccines. Accordingly, further exploration is necessary to improve these problems and subsequently facilitate the functional studies of exosomes. In this study, we reviewed the origin, classification, functions, modifications, separation and purification, and characterization methods of exosomes. Meanwhile, we focused on the role and mechanism of exosomes for cancer and COVID-19 vaccines.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zelan Dai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
- Department VII of Biological Products, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruiru Cai
- Department VII of Biological Products, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Zeng
- Department VII of Biological Products, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hailian Zhu
- Department VII of Biological Products, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Youwei Dou
- Department VII of Biological Products, Institute of Medical Biology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shibo Sun
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hou G, Li Y, Cui X, Zhao B, Liu L, Zhang Y, Yuan H, Zhang L. Electric Field Assisted Tangential Flow Filtration Device for Highly Effective Isolation of Bioactive Small Extracellular Vesicles from Cell Culture Medium. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 39120011 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are proven to hold great promise for diverse therapeutic and diagnostic applications. However, batch preparation of sEVs with high purity and bioactivity is a prerequisite for their clinical translations. Herein, we present an electric field assisted tangential flow filtration system (E-TFF), which integrates size-based filtration with electrophoretic migration-based separation to synergistically achieve the isolation of high-quality sEVs from cell culture medium. Compared with the gold-standard ultracentrifugation (UC) method, E-TFF not only improved the purity of sEVs by 1.4 times but also increased the yield of sEVs by 15.8 times. Additionally, the entire isolation process of E-TFF was completed within 1 h, about one-fourth of the time taken by UC. Furthermore, the biological activity of sEVs isolated by E-TFF was verified by co-incubation of sEVs derived from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) with HT22 mouse hippocampal neuronal cells exposed to amyloid-β (Aβ). The results demonstrated that the sEVs isolated by E-TFF exhibited a significant neuroprotective effect. Overall, the E-TFF platform provides a promising and robust strategy for batch preparation of high-quality sEVs, opening up a broad range of opportunities for cell-free therapy and precision medicine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoshan Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yilan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Beijing Institute of Technology, Analysis & Testing Center, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xulian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
- The Research Center for Medical Genomics, Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110001, China
| | - Baofeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lukuan Liu
- Stem Cell Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, China
| | - Yukui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huiming Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lihua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, National Chromatographic Research and Analysis Center, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang J, Zhang B, Zhang L, Xu X, Cheng Q, Wang Y, Li Y, Jiang R, Duan S, Zhang L. Engineered nanovesicles mediated cardiomyocyte survival and neovascularization for the therapy of myocardial infarction. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 243:114135. [PMID: 39106630 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.114135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
Myocardial infarction (MI) leads to substantial cellular necrosis as a consequence of reduced blood flow and oxygen deprivation. Stimulating cardiomyocyte proliferation and angiogenesis can promote functional recovery after cardiac events. In this study, we explored a novel therapeutic strategy for MI by synthesizing a biomimetic nanovesicle (NV). This biomimetic NVs are composed of exosomes sourced from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, which have been loaded with placental growth factors (PLGF) and surface-engineered with a cardiac-targeting peptide (CHP) through covalent bonding, termed Exo-P-C NVs. With the help of the myocardial targeting effect of homing peptides, NVs can be enriched in the MI site, thus improve cardiac regeneration, reduce fibrosis, stimulate cardiomyocyte proliferation, and promote angiogenesis, ultimately resulted in improved cardiac functional recovery. It was demonstrated that Exo-P-C NVs have the potential to offer novel therapeutic strategies for the improvement of cardiac function and management of myocardial infarction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Zhang
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China; Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Linlin Zhang
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Xiaoxia Xu
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Qiwei Cheng
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yuzhou Wang
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China; Henan Provincial International Joint Laboratory of Ultrasonic Nanotechnology and Artificial Intelligence in Precision Theragnostic Systems, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Yaqiong Li
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China; Henan Provincial International Joint Laboratory of Ultrasonic Nanotechnology and Artificial Intelligence in Precision Theragnostic Systems, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Ru Jiang
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Shaobo Duan
- Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China; Henan Provincial International Joint Laboratory of Ultrasonic Nanotechnology and Artificial Intelligence in Precision Theragnostic Systems, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Lianzhong Zhang
- Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450052, China; Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China; Henan Provincial International Joint Laboratory of Ultrasonic Nanotechnology and Artificial Intelligence in Precision Theragnostic Systems, Zhengzhou 450003, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang Q, Liu T, Li Y, Fan Y, Shang H, Zhao H, Sun H, Yu Z, Han M, Wan C. Gelatin methacryloyl microneedle loaded with 3D-MSC-Exosomes for the protection of ischemia-reperfusion. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133336. [PMID: 38936568 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes (Exo) generated from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have great therapeutic potential in ischemia-reperfusion treatment. For best therapeutic effect, high quality Exo product and effective delivery system are indispensable. In this study, we developed a new strategy for ischemia-reperfusion recovery by combining MSCs 3D (3D-MSC) culturing technology to generate Exo (3D-MSC-Exo) and microneedle for topical delivery. Firstly, primary MSCs from neonatal mice were isolated and 3D cultured with gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogel to prepare 3D-MSC-Exo. The 3D-MSC showed better viability and 3D-MSC-Exo exhibited more effective effects of reducing neuroinflammation, inhibiting glial scarring, and promoting angiogenesis. Subsequently, the biocompatible GelMA was used to construct microneedles for 3D-Exo delivery (GelMA-MN@3D-Exo). The results demonstrated GelMA microneedles had excellent 3D-Exo loading capacity and enabled continuous 3D-Exo release to maintain effective therapeutic concentrations. Furthermore, the rat middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) model was established to evaluate the therapeutic effect of GelMA-MN@3D-Exo in ischemia-reperfusion in vivo. Animal experiments showed that the GelMA-MN@3D-Exo system could effectively reduce the local neuroinflammatory reaction, promote angiogenesis and minimize glial scar proliferation in ischemia-reperfusion. The underlying reasons for the stronger neuroprotective effect of 3D-Exo was further studied using mass spectrometry and transcriptome assays, verifying their effects on immune regulation and cell proliferation. Taken together, our findings demonstrated that GelMA-MN@3D-Exo microneedle can effectively attenuate ischemia-reperfusion cell damage in the MCAO model, which provides a promising therapeutic strategy for ischemia-reperfusion recovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Zhang
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Rd, District Heping, Tianjin 300052, P. R. China; Department of Geriatrics, The Fifth People's Hospital of Jinan, No. 24297 Jingshi Rd, District Huaiyin, Jinan 250000, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Tiangui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China
| | - Yuming Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China
| | - Yang Fan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China
| | - Hao Shang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China
| | - Huayang Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China
| | - Haohan Sun
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China
| | - Zaiyang Yu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China
| | - Min Han
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Chunxiao Wan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154 Anshan Rd, District Heping, Tianjin 300052, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Salerno S, Piscioneri A, Morelli S, Gori A, Provasi E, Gagni P, Barile L, Cretich M, Chiari M, De Bartolo L. Extracellular vesicles selective capture by peptide-functionalized hollow fiber membranes. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 667:338-349. [PMID: 38640653 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.04.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Recently, membrane devices and processes have been applied for the separation and concentration of subcellular components such as extracellular vesicles (EVs), which play a diagnostic and therapeutic role in many pathological conditions. However, the separation and isolation of specific EV populations from other components found in biological fluids is still challenging. Here, we developed a peptide-functionalized hollow fiber (HF) membrane module to achieve the separation and enrichment of highly pure EVs derived from the culture media of human cardiac progenitor cells. The strategy is based on the functionalization of PSf HF membrane module with BPt, a peptide sequence able to bind nanovesicles characterized by highly curved membranes. HF membranes were modified by a nanometric coating with a copoly azide polymer to limit non-specific interactions and to enable the conjugation with peptide ligand by click chemistry reaction. The BPt-functionalized module was integrated into a TFF process to facilitate the design, rationalization, and optimization of EV isolation. This integration combined size-based transport of species with specific membrane sensing ligands. The TFF integrated BPt-functionalized membrane module demonstrated the ability to selectively capture EVs with diameter < 200 nm into the lumen of fibers while effectively removing contaminants such as albumin. The captured and released EVs contain the common markers including CD63, CD81, CD9 and syntenin-1. Moreover, they maintained a round shape morphology and structural integrity highlighting that this approach enables EVs concentration and purification with low shear stress. Additionally, it achieved the removal of contaminants such as albumin with high reliability and reproducibility, reaching a removal of 93%.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Salerno
- Institute on Membrane Technology, National Research Council of Italy, ITM-CNR, via P. Bucci, cubo 17/C, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Antonella Piscioneri
- Institute on Membrane Technology, National Research Council of Italy, ITM-CNR, via P. Bucci, cubo 17/C, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Sabrina Morelli
- Institute on Membrane Technology, National Research Council of Italy, ITM-CNR, via P. Bucci, cubo 17/C, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Alessandro Gori
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies "G. Natta", National Research Council of Italy, SCITEC-CNR, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Provasi
- Lugano Cell Factory, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, via Tesserete 48, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Paola Gagni
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies "G. Natta", National Research Council of Italy, SCITEC-CNR, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Lucio Barile
- Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, Via Chiesa 5, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland; Euler Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana (USI), Via Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Marina Cretich
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies "G. Natta", National Research Council of Italy, SCITEC-CNR, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Marcella Chiari
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies "G. Natta", National Research Council of Italy, SCITEC-CNR, Via Mario Bianco 9, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Loredana De Bartolo
- Institute on Membrane Technology, National Research Council of Italy, ITM-CNR, via P. Bucci, cubo 17/C, I-87036 Rende (CS), Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Toghiani R, Azimian Zavareh V, Najafi H, Mirian M, Azarpira N, Abolmaali SS, Varshosaz J, Tamaddon AM. Hypoxia-preconditioned WJ-MSC spheroid-derived exosomes delivering miR-210 for renal cell restoration in hypoxia-reoxygenation injury. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:240. [PMID: 39080774 PMCID: PMC11289969 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03845-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent advancements in mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) technology have paved the way for innovative treatment options for various diseases. These stem cells play a crucial role in tissue regeneration and repair, releasing local anti-inflammatory and healing signals. However, challenges such as homing issues and tumorigenicity have led to exploring MSC-exosomes as a promising alternative. MSC-exosomes have shown therapeutic potential in conditions like renal ischemia-reperfusion injury, but low production yields hinder their clinical use. METHODS To address this limitation, we examined hypoxic preconditioning of Wharton jelly-derived MSCs (WJ-MSCs) 3D-cultured in spheroids on isolated exosome yields and miR-21 expression. We then evaluated their capacity to load miR-210 into HEK-293 cells and mitigate ROS production, consequently enhancing their survival and migration under hypoxia-reoxygenation conditions. RESULTS MiR-210 overexpression was significantly induced by optimized culture and preconditioning conditions, which also improved the production yield of exosomes from grown MSCs. The exosomes enriched with miR-210 demonstrated a protective effect by improving survival, reducing apoptosis and ROS accumulation in damaged renal cells, and ultimately promoting cell migration. CONCLUSION The present study underscores the possibility of employing advanced techniques to maximize the therapeutic attributes of exosomes produced from WJ-MSC spheroid for improved recovery outcomes in ischemia-reperfusion injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Reyhaneh Toghiani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Vajihe Azimian Zavareh
- Department of Plant and Animal Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hanyieh Najafi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mina Mirian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Samira Sadat Abolmaali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Jaleh Varshosaz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Ali Mohammad Tamaddon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Center for Nanotechnology in Drug Delivery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Smirnova O, Efremov Y, Klyucherev T, Peshkova M, Senkovenko A, Svistunov A, Timashev P. Direct and cell-mediated EV-ECM interplay. Acta Biomater 2024:S1742-7061(24)00401-X. [PMID: 39043290 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2024.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EV) are a heterogeneous group of lipid particles excreted by cells. They play an important role in regeneration, development, inflammation, and cancer progression, together with the extracellular matrix (ECM), which they constantly interact with. In this review, we discuss direct and indirect interactions of EVs and the ECM and their impact on different physiological processes. The ECM affects the secretion of EVs, and the properties of the ECM and EVs modulate EVs' diffusion and adhesion. On the other hand, EVs can affect the ECM both directly through enzymes and indirectly through the modulation of the ECM synthesis and remodeling by cells. This review emphasizes recently discovered types of EVs bound to the ECM and isolated by enzymatic digestion, including matrix-bound nanovesicles (MBV) and tissue-derived EV (TiEV). In addition to the experimental studies, computer models of the EV-ECM-cell interactions, from all-atom models to quantitative pharmacology models aiming to improve our understanding of the interaction mechanisms, are also considered. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Application of extracellular vesicles in tissue engineering is an actively developing area. Vesicles not only affect cells themselves but also interact with the matrix and change it. The matrix also influences both cells and vesicles. In this review, different possible types of interactions between vesicles, matrix, and cells are discussed. Furthermore, the united EV-ECM system and its regulation through the cellular activity are presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Smirnova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Yuri Efremov
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Timofey Klyucherev
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria Peshkova
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey Senkovenko
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Peter Timashev
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; World-Class Research Center "Digital Biodesign and Personalized Healthcare", Sechenov University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Chemistry Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang X, Wang X, Xia J, Jia J, Zhang S, Wang W, He W, Song X, Chen L, Niu P, Chen T. Small extracellular vesicles-derived from 3d cultured human nasal mucosal mesenchymal stem cells during differentiation to dopaminergic progenitors promote neural damage repair via miR-494-3p after manganese exposed mice. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 280:116569. [PMID: 38878331 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024]
Abstract
Manganese (Mn) exposure is a common environmental risk factor for Parkinson's disease (PD), with pathogenic mechanisms associated with dopaminergic neuron damage and neuroinflammation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have emerged as a novel therapeutic approach for neural damage repair. The functional sEVs released from MSCs when they are induced into dopaminergic progenitors may have a better repair effect on neural injury. Therefore, we collected sEVs obtained from primary human nasal mucosal mesenchymal stem cells (hnmMSC-sEVs) or cells in the process of dopaminergic progenitor cell differentiation (da-hnmMSC-sEVs), which were cultured in a 3D dynamic system, and observed their repair effects and mechanisms of Mn-induced neural damage by intranasal administration of sEVs. In Mn-exposed mice, sEVs could reach the site of brain injury after intranasal administration, da-hnmMSC enhanced the repair effects of sEVs in neural damage and behavioral competence, as evidenced by restoration of motor dysfunction, enhanced neurogenesis, decreased microglia activation, up-regulation of anti-inflammatory factors, and down-regulation of pro-inflammatory factors. The transcriptomics of hnmMSC-sEVs and da-hnmMSC-sEVs revealed that miRNAs, especially miR-494-3p in sEVs were involved in neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory effects. Overexpression of miR-494-3p in sEVs inhibited Mn-induced inflammation and neural injury, and its repair mechanism might be related to the down-regulation of CMPK2 and NLRP3 in vitro experiments. Thus, intranasal delivery of da-hnmMSC-sEVs is an effective strategy for the treatment of neural injury repair.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xueting Wang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Jiao Xia
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jiaxin Jia
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Shixuan Zhang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Weiwei Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Weifeng He
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Xin Song
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Li Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Piye Niu
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| | - Tian Chen
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China; Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Liu S, Zhao H, Jiang T, Wan G, Yan C, Zhang C, Yang X, Chen Z. The Angiogenic Repertoire of Stem Cell Extracellular Vesicles: Demystifying the Molecular Underpinnings for Wound Healing Applications. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2024:10.1007/s12015-024-10762-y. [PMID: 39001965 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-024-10762-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles (SC-EVs) have emerged as promising therapeutic agents for wound repair, recapitulating the biological effects of parent cells while mitigating immunogenic and tumorigenic risks. These EVs orchestrate wound healing processes, notably through modulating angiogenesis-a critical event in tissue revascularization and regeneration. This study provides a comprehensive overview of the multifaceted mechanisms underpinning the pro-angiogenic capacity of EVs from various stem cell sources within the wound microenvironment. By elucidating the molecular intricacies governing their angiogenic prowess, we aim to unravel the mechanistic repertoire underlying their remarkable potential to accelerate wound healing. Additionally, methods to enhance the angiogenic effects of SC-EVs, current limitations, and future perspectives are highlighted, emphasizing the significant potential of this rapidly advancing field in revolutionizing wound healing strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuoyuan Liu
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Huayuan Zhao
- Department of Urology, Tongji Medical College, Union Hospital, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Gui Wan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Chengqi Yan
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaofan Yang
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Zhenbing Chen
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Hu C, Dai S, Zhao X, Tang R, Shan P, Wang Y, Li P, Wang S, Zhou Q, Qi H. Functionalized Blood Small Extracellular Vesicles with Polydopamine Nanoparticles for Chemo-Thermal Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:34561-34577. [PMID: 38919091 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c05160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) hold considerable promise for drug delivery due to their natural origin and inherent qualities. However, their clinical application is impeded by two main challenges: low yield and potential side effects. Therefore, it is crucial to obtain substantial quantities of sEVs that adhere to rigorous biosafety standards to ensure successful translation into clinical practice. To address this need, we propose exploring optimized methods for sourcing and separating sEVs, taking inspiration from clinical blood transfusion. In particular, we have identified blood sEVs as a viable alternative and developed a novel separation technique for their isolation. Our approach involves incubating dopamine solution with serum, resulting in the formation of polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles on the surface of blood sEVs. These nanoparticles have minimal impact on blood sEVs, facilitating their easy separation under standard centrifugal conditions with high purity. This innovative technique enables the development of nanocarriers using blood sEVs with efficient drug-loading capabilities and enhanced pharmacokinetics. Additionally, the incorporation of PDA nanoparticles imparts a photothermal effect to the nanomedicines, enabling the integration of chemotherapy and photothermal therapy. Moreover, the photothermal effect holds the potential to facilitate the membrane fusion of sEVs and cells. In summary, our straightforward surface functionalization technique utilizing PDA effectively isolates blood sEVs and enables chemo-thermal tumor therapy. This approach significantly enhances the feasibility of translating sEV-based nanomedicines into clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Caofang Hu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Shiyou Dai
- Department of Orthopaedics, Qingdao Municipal Hospital, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Sports Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Rui Tang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Peipei Shan
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Yin Wang
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Peifeng Li
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| | - Shasha Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Qihui Zhou
- School of Rehabilitation Sciences and Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Hongzhao Qi
- Institute of Translational Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, College of Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266021, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Karoichan A, Boucenna S, Tabrizian M. Therapeutics of the future: Navigating the pitfalls of extracellular vesicles research from an osteoarthritis perspective. J Extracell Vesicles 2024; 13:e12435. [PMID: 38943211 PMCID: PMC11213691 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles have gained wide momentum as potential therapeutics for osteoarthritis, a highly prevalent chronic disease that still lacks an approved treatment. The membrane-bound vesicles are secreted by all cells carrying different cargos that can serve as both disease biomarkers and disease modifiers. Nonetheless, despite a significant peak in research regarding EVs as OA therapeutics, clinical implementation seems distant. In addition to scalability and standardization challenges, researchers often omit to focus on and consider the proper tropism of the vesicles, the practicality and relevance of their source, their low native therapeutic efficacy, and whether they address the disease as a whole. These considerations are necessary to better understand EVs in a clinical light and have been comprehensively discussed and ultimately summarized in this review into a conceptualized framework termed the nanodiamond concept. Future perspectives are also discussed, and alternatives are presented to address some of the challenges and concerns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Karoichan
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health SciencesMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Sarah Boucenna
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health SciencesMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| | - Maryam Tabrizian
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Oral Health SciencesMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringMcGill UniversityMontrealQuebecCanada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Larey AM, Spoerer TM, Daga KR, Morfin MG, Hynds HM, Carpenter J, Hines KM, Marklein RA. High throughput screening of mesenchymal stromal cell morphological response to inflammatory signals for bioreactor-based manufacturing of extracellular vesicles that modulate microglia. Bioact Mater 2024; 37:153-171. [PMID: 38549769 PMCID: PMC10972802 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Due to their immunomodulatory function, mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a promising therapeutic with the potential to treat neuroinflammation associated with neurodegenerative diseases. This function is mediated by secreted extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs). Despite established safety, MSC clinical translation has been unsuccessful due to inconsistent clinical outcomes resulting from functional heterogeneity. Current approaches to mitigate functional heterogeneity include 'priming' MSCs with inflammatory signals to enhance function. However, comprehensive evaluation of priming and its effects on MSC-EV function has not been performed. Furthermore, clinical translation of MSC-EV therapies requires significant manufacturing scale-up, yet few studies have investigated the effects of priming in bioreactors. As MSC morphology has been shown to predict their immunomodulatory function, we screened MSC morphological response to an array of priming signals and evaluated MSC-EV identity and potency in response to priming in flasks and bioreactors. We identified unique priming conditions corresponding to distinct morphologies. These conditions demonstrated a range of MSC-EV preparation quality and lipidome, allowing us to discover a novel MSC-EV manufacturing condition, as well as gain insight into potential mechanisms of MSC-EV microglia modulation. Our novel screening approach and application of priming to MSC-EV bioreactor manufacturing informs refinement of larger-scale manufacturing and enhancement of MSC-EV function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. Larey
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Thomas M. Spoerer
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Kanupriya R. Daga
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Maria G. Morfin
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Hannah M. Hynds
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Jana Carpenter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Kelly M. Hines
- Department of Chemistry, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Ross A. Marklein
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Chen JG, Zhang EC, Wan YY, Huang TY, Wang YC, Jiang HY. Engineered hsa-miR-455-3p-Abundant Extracellular Vesicles Derived from 3D-Cultured Adipose Mesenchymal Stem Cells for Tissue-Engineering Hyaline Cartilage Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2304194. [PMID: 38508211 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202304194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Efforts are made to enhance the inherent potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) by utilizing 3D culture platforms and engineered strategies for functional cargo-loading. Three distinct types of adipose mesenchymal stem cells-derived EVs (ADSCs-EVs) are successfully isolated utilizing 3D culture platforms consisting of porous gelatin methacryloyl (PG), PG combined with sericin methacryloyl (PG/SerMA), or PG combined with chondroitin sulfate methacryloyl (PG/ChSMA). These correspond to PG-EVs, PG/SerMA-EVs, and PG/ChSMA-EVs, respectively. Unique microRNA (miRNA) profiles are observed in each type of ADSCs-EVs. Notably, PG-EVs encapsulate higher levels of hsa-miR-455-3p and deliver more hsa-miR-455-3p to chondrocytes, which results in the activation of the hsa-miR-455-3p/PAK2/Smad2/3 axis and the subsequent hyaline cartilage regeneration. Furthermore, the functionality of PG-EVs is optimized through engineered strategies, including agomir/lentivirus transfection, electroporation, and Exo-Fect transfection. These strategies, referred to as Agomir-EVs, Lentivirus-EVs, Electroporation-EVs, and Exo-Fect-EVs, respectively, are ranked based on their efficacy in encapsulating hsa-miR-455-3p, delivering hsa-miR-455-3p to chondrocytes, and promoting cartilage formation via the hsa-miR-455-3p/PAK2/Smad2/3 axis. Notably, Exo-Fect-EVs exhibit the highest efficiency. Collectively, the 3D culture conditions and engineered strategies have an impact on the miRNA profiles and cartilage regeneration capabilities of ADSCs-EVs. The findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying the promotion of cartilage regeneration by ADSCs-EVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Guo Chen
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Plastic Surgery Hospital and Institute, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - En-Chong Zhang
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Ying-Ying Wan
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, DongFang Hospital, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100078, China
| | - Tian-Yu Huang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Plastic Surgery Hospital and Institute, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Yu-Chen Wang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Plastic Surgery Hospital and Institute, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100144, China
| | - Hai-Yue Jiang
- Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College Plastic Surgery Hospital and Institute, Shijingshan District, Beijing, 100144, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhu F, Wang T, Wang G, Yan C, He B, Qiao B. The Exosome-Mediated Bone Regeneration: An Advanced Horizon Toward the Isolation, Engineering, Carrying Modalities, and Mechanisms. Adv Healthc Mater 2024; 13:e2400293. [PMID: 38426417 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202400293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes, nanoparticles secreted by various cells, composed of a bilayer lipid membrane, and containing bioactive substances such as proteins, nucleic acids, metabolites, etc., have been intensively investigated in tissue engineering owing to their high biocompatibility and versatile biofunction. However, there is still a lack of a high-quality review on bone defect regeneration potentiated by exosomes. In this review, the biogenesis and isolation methods of exosomes are first introduced. More importantly, the engineered exosomes of the current state of knowledge are discussed intensively in this review. Afterward, the biomaterial carriers of exosomes and the mechanisms of bone repair elucidated by compelling evidence are presented. Thus, future perspectives and concerns are revealed to help devise advanced modalities based on exosomes to overcome the challenges of bone regeneration. It is totally believed this review will attract special attention from clinicians and provide promising ideas for their future works.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fukang Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Rd, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Taiyou Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Rd, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Guangjian Wang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Rd, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
- Department of Orthopaedics, The People's Hospital of Rongchang District, Chongqing, 402460, P. R. China
| | - Caiping Yan
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401120, P. R. China
| | - Bin He
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Rd, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| | - Bo Qiao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 1 Youyi Rd, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
- Orthopedic Laboratory of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400010, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Rai A, Claridge B, Lozano J, Greening DW. The Discovery of Extracellular Vesicles and Their Emergence as a Next-Generation Therapy. Circ Res 2024; 135:198-221. [PMID: 38900854 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
From their humble discovery as cellular debris to cementing their natural capacity to transfer functional molecules between cells, the long-winded journey of extracellular vesicles (EVs) now stands at the precipice as a next-generation cell-free therapeutic tool to revolutionize modern-day medicine. This perspective provides a snapshot of the discovery of EVs to their emergence as a vibrant field of biology and the renaissance they usher in the field of biomedical sciences as therapeutic agents for cardiovascular pathologies. Rapid development of bioengineered EVs is providing innovative opportunities to overcome biological challenges of natural EVs such as potency, cargo loading and enhanced secretion, targeting and circulation half-life, localized and sustained delivery strategies, approaches to enhance systemic circulation, uptake and lysosomal escape, and logistical hurdles encompassing scalability, cost, and time. A multidisciplinary collaboration beyond the field of biology now extends to chemistry, physics, biomaterials, and nanotechnology, allowing rapid development of designer therapeutic EVs that are now entering late-stage human clinical trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alin Rai
- Molecular Proteomics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A.R., B.C., J.L., D.W.G.)
- Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A.R., J.L., D.W.G.)
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A.R., D.W.G.)
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A.R., D.W.G.)
| | - Bethany Claridge
- Molecular Proteomics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A.R., B.C., J.L., D.W.G.)
| | - Jonathan Lozano
- Molecular Proteomics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A.R., B.C., J.L., D.W.G.)
- Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A.R., J.L., D.W.G.)
| | - David W Greening
- Molecular Proteomics, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A.R., B.C., J.L., D.W.G.)
- Baker Department of Cardiovascular Research Translation and Implementation, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A.R., J.L., D.W.G.)
- Baker Department of Cardiometabolic Health, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A.R., D.W.G.)
- Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia (A.R., D.W.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gharavi AT, Irian S, Niknejad A, Parang K, Salimi M. Harnessing exosomes as a platform for drug delivery in breast cancer: A systematic review for in vivo and in vitro studies. MOLECULAR THERAPY. ONCOLOGY 2024; 32:200800. [PMID: 38706989 PMCID: PMC11067457 DOI: 10.1016/j.omton.2024.200800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a significant global health concern, emphasizing the critical need for effective treatment strategies, especially targeted therapies. This systematic review summarizes the findings from in vitro and in vivo studies regarding the therapeutic potential of exosomes as drug delivery platforms in the field of breast cancer treatment. A comprehensive search was conducted across bibliographic datasets, including Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus, using relevant queries from several related published articles and the Medical Subject Headings Database. Then, all morphological, biomechanical, histopathological, and cellular-molecular outcomes were systematically collected. A total of 30 studies were identified based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. These studies underwent assessment using the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory Animal Experimentation risk of bias assessment tool. The results indicate that exosomes exhibit promise as effective drug delivery platforms, capable of hindering cancer cell viability, proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. However, a comprehensive assessment is challenging due to some studies deviating from guidelines and having incomplete methodology. Addressing these, future studies should detail methodologies, optimize dosing, and enhance exosome production. Standardization in reporting, consistent protocols, and exploration of alternative sources are crucial.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulwahab Teflischi Gharavi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Irian
- Department of Cell and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Azadeh Niknejad
- Department of Cell and Molecular Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Keykavous Parang
- Center for Targeted Drug Delivery, Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Harry and Diane Rinker Health Science Campus, Irvine, CA 92618-1908, USA
| | - Mona Salimi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang Q, Guo W, Niu L, Zhou Y, Wang Z, Chen J, Chen J, Ma J, Zhang J, Jiang Z, Wang B, Zhang Z, Li C, Jian Z. 3D-hUMSCs Exosomes Ameliorate Vitiligo by Simultaneously Potentiating Treg Cells-Mediated Immunosuppression and Suppressing Oxidative Stress-Induced Melanocyte Damage. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2404064. [PMID: 38887870 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202404064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Vitiligo is an autoimmune disease characterized by epidermal melanocyte destruction, with abnormal autoimmune responses and excessive oxidative stress as two cardinal mechanisms. Human umbilical mesenchymal stem cells-derived exosomes (hUMSCs-Exos) are regarded as promising therapeutic choice for autoimmune diseases due to potent immunosuppressive and anti-oxidative properties, which can be potentiated under 3D cell culture condition. Nevertheless, whether exosomes derived from 3D spheroids of hUMSCs (3D-Exos) exhibit considerable therapeutic effect on vitiligo and the underlying mechanism remain elusive. In this study, systemic administration of 3D-Exos showed a remarkable effect in treating mice with vitiligo, as revealed by ameliorated skin depigmentation, less CD8+T cells infiltration, and expanded Treg cells in skin, and 3D-Exos exerted a better effect than 2D-Exos. Mechanistically, 3D-Exos can prominently facilitate the expansion of Treg cells in vitiligo lesion and suppress H2O2-induced melanocytes apoptosis. Forward miRNA profile analysis and molecular experiments have demonstrated that miR-132-3p and miR-125b-5p enriched in 3D-Exos greatly contributed to these biological effects by targeting Sirt1 and Bak1 respectively. In aggregate, 3D-Exos can efficiently ameliorate vitiligo by simultaneously potentiating Treg cells-mediated immunosuppression and suppressing oxidative stress-induced melanocyte damage via the delivery of miR-132-3p and miR-125b-5p. The employment of 3D-Exos will be a promising treament for vitiligo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Weinan Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Liaoran Niu
- Department of Digestive Surgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Yuqi Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Zeqian Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Jianru Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Jiaxi Chen
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Jingjing Ma
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Jia Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Zhaoting Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Chunying Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| | - Zhe Jian
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710032, China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jang E, Yu H, Kim E, Hwang J, Yoo J, Choi J, Jeong HS, Jang S. The Therapeutic Effects of Blueberry-Treated Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Ischemic Stroke. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6362. [PMID: 38928069 PMCID: PMC11203670 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
An ischemic stroke, one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality, is caused by ischemia and hemorrhage resulting in impeded blood supply to the brain. According to many studies, blueberries have been shown to have a therapeutic effect in a variety of diseases. Therefore, in this study, we investigated whether blueberry-treated mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived extracellular vesicles (B-EVs) have therapeutic effects in in vitro and in vivo stroke models. We isolated the extracellular vesicles using cryo-TEM and characterized the particles and concentrations using NTA. MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (A-EVs) and B-EVs were round with a lipid bilayer structure and a diameter of ~150 nm. In addition, A-EVs and B-EVs were shown to affect angiogenesis, cell cycle, differentiation, DNA repair, inflammation, and neurogenesis following KEGG pathway and GO analyses. We investigated the protective effects of A-EVs and B-EVs against neuronal cell death in oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) cells and a middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) animal model. The results showed that the cell viability was increased with EV treatment in HT22 cells. In the animal, the size of the cerebral infarction was decreased, and the behavioral assessment was improved with EV injections. The levels of NeuN and neurofilament heavy chain (NFH)-positive cells were also increased with EV treatment yet decreased in the MCAo group. In addition, the number of apoptotic cells was decreased with EV treatment compared with ischemic animals following TUNEL and Bax/Bcl-2 staining. These data suggested that EVs, especially B-EVs, had a therapeutic effect and could reduce apoptotic cell death after ischemic injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eunjae Jang
- Department of Physiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun 58128, Republic of Korea; (E.J.); (H.Y.); (J.H.); (J.C.)
- Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Hwasun-gun 58141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Yu
- Department of Physiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun 58128, Republic of Korea; (E.J.); (H.Y.); (J.H.); (J.C.)
- Jeonnam Bioindustry Foundation Biopharmaceutical Research Center, Hwasun-gun 58141, Republic of Korea
| | - Eungpil Kim
- Infrastructure Project Organization for Global Industrialization of Vaccine, Sejong-si 30121, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jinsu Hwang
- Department of Physiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun 58128, Republic of Korea; (E.J.); (H.Y.); (J.H.); (J.C.)
| | - Jin Yoo
- Department of Physical Education, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;
| | - Jiyun Choi
- Department of Physiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun 58128, Republic of Korea; (E.J.); (H.Y.); (J.H.); (J.C.)
| | - Han-Seong Jeong
- Department of Physiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun 58128, Republic of Korea; (E.J.); (H.Y.); (J.H.); (J.C.)
| | - Sujeong Jang
- Department of Physiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun-gun 58128, Republic of Korea; (E.J.); (H.Y.); (J.H.); (J.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Guerricchio L, Barile L, Bollini S. Evolving Strategies for Extracellular Vesicles as Future Cardiac Therapeutics: From Macro- to Nano-Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6187. [PMID: 38892376 PMCID: PMC11173118 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25116187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease represents the foremost cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide, with a steadily increasing incidence due to the growth of the ageing population. Cardiac dysfunction leading to heart failure may arise from acute myocardial infarction (MI) as well as inflammatory- and cancer-related chronic cardiomyopathy. Despite pharmacological progress, effective cardiac repair represents an unmet clinical need, with heart transplantation being the only option for end-stage heart failure. The functional profiling of the biological activity of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has recently attracted increasing interest in the field of translational research for cardiac regenerative medicine. The cardioprotective and cardioactive potential of human progenitor stem/cell-derived EVs has been reported in several preclinical studies, and EVs have been suggested as promising paracrine therapy candidates for future clinical translation. Nevertheless, some compelling aspects must be properly addressed, including optimizing delivery strategies to meet patient needs and enhancing targeting specificity to the cardiac tissue. Therefore, in this review, we will discuss the most relevant aspects of the therapeutic potential of EVs released by human progenitors for cardiovascular disease, with a specific focus on the strategies that have been recently implemented to improve myocardial targeting and administration routes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Guerricchio
- Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy;
| | - Lucio Barile
- Cardiovascular Theranostics, Istituto Cardiocentro Ticino, Laboratories for Translational Research, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale, CH-6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland;
- Euler Institute, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera Italiana, CH-6900 Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Sveva Bollini
- Biology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine (DIMES), University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy;
- Cellular Oncology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Li YX, Wei SQ, Li S, Zheng PS. Strategies and Challenges of Mesenchymal Stem Cells-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Infertility. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2024; 30:385-403. [PMID: 38009217 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Having genetically related offspring remains an unattainable dream for couples with reproductive failure. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stromal cells derived from various human tissues and organs. As critical paracrine effectors of MSCs, extracellular vesicles (EVs) can carry and deliver bioactive content, thereby participating in intercellular communication and determining cell fate. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) have shown promising therapeutic effects, including repairing injured endometria, restoration of ovarian functions, and improving sperm quantity, morphology, and motility, owing to their regenerative potential, abundant sources, high proliferation rates, low immunogenicity, and lack of ethical issues. However, limited knowledge on purification and isolation of MSC-EVs, therapeutic effects, and unpredictable safety have caused challenges in overcoming female and male infertility. To overcome them, future studies should focus on modification/engineering of MSC-EVs with therapeutic biomolecules and combining attractive biomaterials and MSC-EVs. This review highlights the latest studies on MSC-EVs therapies in infertility and the major challenges that must be overcome before clinical translation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Xing Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Si-Qi Wei
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Shan Li
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Sheng Zheng
- Department of Reproductive Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Ding Z, Greenberg ZF, Serafim MF, Ali S, Jamieson JC, Traktuev DO, March K, He M. Understanding molecular characteristics of extracellular vesicles derived from different types of mesenchymal stem cells for therapeutic translation. EXTRACELLULAR VESICLE 2024; 3:100034. [PMID: 38957857 PMCID: PMC11218754 DOI: 10.1016/j.vesic.2024.100034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been studied for decades as candidates for cellular therapy, and their secretome, including secreted extracellular vesicles (EVs), has been identified to contribute significantly to regenerative and reparative functions. Emerging evidence has suggested that MSC-EVs alone, could be used as therapeutics that emulate the biological function of MSCs. However, just as with MSCs, MSC-EVs have been shown to vary in composition, depending on the tissue source of the MSCs as well as the protocols employed in culturing the MSCs and obtaining the EVs. Therefore, the importance of careful choice of cell sources and culture environments is receiving increasing attention. Many factors contribute to the therapeutic potential of MSC-EVs, including the source tissue, isolation technique, and culturing conditions. This review illustrates the molecular landscape of EVs derived from different types of MSC cells along with culture strategies. A thorough analysis of publicly available omic datasets was performed to advance the precision understanding of MSC-EVs with unique tissue source-dependent molecular characteristics. The tissue-specific protein and miRNA-driven Reactome ontology analysis was used to reveal distinct patterns of top Reactome ontology pathways across adipose, bone marrow, and umbilical MSC-EVs. Moreover, a meta-analysis assisted by an AI technique was used to analyze the published literature, providing insights into the therapeutic translation of MSC-EVs based on their source tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zuo Ding
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Zachary F. Greenberg
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Maria Fernanda Serafim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Samantha Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Julia C. Jamieson
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Dmitry O. Traktuev
- UF Center for Regenerative Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Keith March
- UF Center for Regenerative Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32610, USA
| | - Mei He
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Pourhadi M, Zali H, Ghasemi R, Faizi M, Mojab F, Soufi Zomorrod M. Restoring Synaptic Function: How Intranasal Delivery of 3D-Cultured hUSSC Exosomes Improve Learning and Memory Deficits in Alzheimer's Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2024; 61:3724-3741. [PMID: 38010560 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-023-03733-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Memory problems are often the first signs of cognitive impairment related to Alzheimer's disease (AD), and stem cells and stem cell-derived exosomes (EXOs) have been studied for their therapeutic potential to improve the disease signs. While many studies have shown the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of stem cells and exosomes on improving memory in different AD models, there is still insufficient data to determine how they modulate neural plasticity to enhance spatial memory and learning ability. Therefore, we conducted a study to investigate the effects of exosomes derived from 3D-cultured human Unrestricted Somatic Stem Cells (hUSSCs) on spatial memory and neuroplasticity markers in a sporadic rat model of AD. Using male Wistar rats induced by intracerebral ventricle injection of streptozotocin, we demonstrated that intranasal administration of hUSSC-derived exosomes could decrease Aβ accumulation and improve learning and memory in the Morris water maze test. We also observed an increase in the expression of pre-synaptic and post-synaptic molecules involved in neuronal plasticity, including NMDAR1, integrin β1, synaptophysin, pPKCα, and GAP-43, in the hippocampus. Our findings suggest that intranasal administration of exosomes can ameliorate spatial learning and memory deficits in rats, at least in part, by increasing the expression of neuroplasticity proteins. These results may encourage researchers to further investigate the molecular pathways involved in memory improvement after stem cell and exosome therapy, with the goal of increasing the efficacy and safety of exosome-based treatments for AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Masoumeh Pourhadi
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hakimeh Zali
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Medical Nanotechnology and Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Rasoul Ghasemi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Faizi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Faraz Mojab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mina Soufi Zomorrod
- Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nishida‐Aoki N, Ochiya T. Impacts of tissue context on extracellular vesicles-mediated cancer-host cell communications. Cancer Sci 2024; 115:1726-1737. [PMID: 38532284 PMCID: PMC11145126 DOI: 10.1111/cas.16161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor tissue is densely packed with cancer cells, non-cancerous cells, and ECM, forming functional structures. Cancer cells transfer extracellular vesicles (EVs) to modify surrounding normal cells into cancer-promoting cells, establishing a tumor-favorable environment together with other signaling molecules and structural components. Such tissue environments largely affect cancer cell properties, and so as EV-mediated cellular communications within tumor tissue. However, current research on EVs focuses on functional analysis of vesicles isolated from the liquid phase, including cell culture supernatants and blood draws, 2D-cultured cell assays, or systemic analyses on animal models for biodistribution. Therefore, we have a limited understanding of local EV transfer within tumor tissues. In this review, we discuss the need to study EVs in a physiological tissue context by summarizing the current findings on the impacts of tumor tissue environment on cancer EV properties and transfer and the techniques required for the analysis. Tumor tissue environment is likely to alter EV properties, pose physical barriers, interactions, and interstitial flows for the dynamics, and introduce varieties in the cell types taken up. Utilizing physiological experimental settings and spatial analyses, we need to tackle the remaining questions on physiological EV-mediated cancer-host cell interactions. Understanding cancer EV-mediated cellular communications in physiological tumor tissues will lead to developing interaction-targeting therapies and provide insight into EV-mediated non-cancerous cells and interspecies interactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Takahiro Ochiya
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Center for Future Medical Research, Institute of Medical ScienceTokyo Medical UniversityTokyoJapan
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Gaesser AM, Usimaki AIJ, Barot DA, Linardi RL, Molugu S, Musante L, Ortved KF. Equine mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicle productivity but not overall yield is improved via 3-D culture with chemically defined media. J Am Vet Med Assoc 2024; 262:S97-S108. [PMID: 38547591 PMCID: PMC11132919 DOI: 10.2460/javma.24.01.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a biotherapeutic for osteoarthritis; however, manufacturing large quantities is not practical using traditional monolayer (2-D) culture. We aimed to examine the effects of 3-D and 2-D culture 2 types of media: Dulbecco modified Eagle medium and a commercially available medium (CM) on EV yield. ANIMALS Banked bone marrow-derived MSCs (BM-MSCs) from 6 healthy, young horses were used. METHODS 4 microcarriers (collagen-coated polystyrene, uncoated polystyrene, collagen-coated dextran, and uncoated dextran) were tested in static and bioreactor cultures, and the optimal microcarrier was chosen. The BM-MSCs were inoculated into a bioreactor with collagen-coated dextran microcarriers at 5,000 cells/cm2 or onto culture dishes at 4,000 cells/cm2 in either Dulbecco modified Eagle medium or CM media. Supernatants were obtained for metabolite and pH analysis. The BM-MSCs were expanded until confluent (2-D) or for 7 days (3-D) when the 48-hour EV collection period commenced using EV-depleted media. Extracellular vesicles were isolated and characterized via nanoparticle tracking analysis, Western blot, transmission electron microscopy, and protein quantification. The BM-MSCs were harvested, quantified, and immunophenotyped. RESULTS The number of EVs isolated was not improved by 3-D culture or CM media, however, the CM 3-D condition improved the number of EVs produced per BM-MSC over the CM 2-D condition (mean ± SD: 306 ± 99 vs 37 ± 22, respectively). Glucose decreased and lactate and ammonium accumulated in 3-D culture. Surface markers of stemness exhibited reduced expression in 3-D culture. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Optimization of our 3-D culture methods could improve BM-MSC expansion and thus EV yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela M. Gaesser
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Alexandra I. J. Usimaki
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Dhvani A. Barot
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Renata L. Linardi
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Sudheer Molugu
- Electron Microscopy Resource Lab, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Luca Musante
- Extracellular Vesicle Core, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Kyla F. Ortved
- Department of Clinical Studies, New Bolton Center, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Che Shaffi S, Hairuddin ON, Mansor SF, Syafiq TMF, Yahaya BH. Unlocking the Potential of Extracellular Vesicles as the Next Generation Therapy: Challenges and Opportunities. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2024; 21:513-527. [PMID: 38598059 PMCID: PMC11087396 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-024-00634-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have undergone extensive investigation for their potential therapeutic applications, primarily attributed to their paracrine activity. Recently, researchers have been exploring the therapeutic potential of extracellular vesicles (EVs) released by MSCs. METHODS MEDLINE/PubMed and Google scholar databases were used for the selection of literature. The keywords used were mesenchymal stem cells, extracellular vesicles, clinical application of EVs and challenges EVs production. RESULTS These EVs have demonstrated robust capabilities in transporting intracellular cargo, playing a critical role in facilitating cell-to-cell communication by carrying functional molecules, including proteins, RNA species, DNAs, and lipids. Utilizing EVs as an alternative to stem cells offers several benefits, such as improved safety, reduced immunogenicity, and the ability to traverse biological barriers. Consequently, EVs have emerged as an increasingly attractive option for clinical use. CONCLUSION From this perspective, this review delves into the advantages and challenges associated with employing MSC-EVs in clinical settings, with a specific focus on their potential in treating conditions like lung diseases, cancer, and autoimmune disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Syahidatulamali Che Shaffi
- Lung Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (IPPT), SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Omar Nafiis Hairuddin
- Lung Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (IPPT), SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Siti Farizan Mansor
- Lung Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (IPPT), SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Pulau Pinang, Kampus Bertam, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Tengku Muhamad Faris Syafiq
- IIUM Molecular and Cellular Biology Research, Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Kulliyyah of Nursing, International Islamic University Malaysia, 25100, Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia
| | - Badrul Hisham Yahaya
- Lung Stem Cell and Gene Therapy Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute (IPPT), SAINS@BERTAM, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Yavuz B, Mutlu EC, Ahmed Z, Ben-Nissan B, Stamboulis A. Applications of Stem Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Nerve Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5863. [PMID: 38892052 PMCID: PMC11172915 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), including exosomes, microvesicles, and other lipid vesicles derived from cells, play a pivotal role in intercellular communication by transferring information between cells. EVs secreted by progenitor and stem cells have been associated with the therapeutic effects observed in cell-based therapies, and they also contribute to tissue regeneration following injury, such as in orthopaedic surgery cases. This review explores the involvement of EVs in nerve regeneration, their potential as drug carriers, and their significance in stem cell research and cell-free therapies. It underscores the importance of bioengineers comprehending and manipulating EV activity to optimize the efficacy of tissue engineering and regenerative therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Burcak Yavuz
- Vocational School of Health Services, Altinbas University, 34147 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Esra Cansever Mutlu
- Biomaterials Research Group, School of Metallurgy and Materials, College of Engineering and Physical Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
| | - Zubair Ahmed
- Neuroscience & Ophthalmology, Institute of Inflammation and Ageing, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston B15 2TT, UK
| | - Besim Ben-Nissan
- Translational Biomaterials and Medicine Group, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, P.O. Box 123, Broadway, NSW 2007, Australia;
| | - Artemis Stamboulis
- Biomaterials Research Group, School of Metallurgy and Materials, College of Engineering and Physical Science, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK;
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kim G, Seo M, Xu J, Park J, Gim S, Chun H. Large-Area Silicon Nitride Nanosieve for Enhanced Diffusion-Based Exosome Isolation. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2301624. [PMID: 38801014 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Nanoporous membranes have a variety of applications, one of which is the size-selective separation of nanoparticles. In drug delivery, nanoporous membranes are becoming increasingly important for the isolation of exosomes, which are bio-nanoparticles. However, the low pore density and thickness of commercial membranes limit their efficiency. There have been many attempts to fabricate sub-micrometer thin membranes, but the limited surface area has restricted their practicality. In this study, large-area silicon nitride nanosieves for enhanced diffusion-based isolation of exosomes are presented. Notably, these nanosieves are scaled to sizes of up to 4-inch-wafers, a significant achievement in overcoming the fabrication challenges associated with such expansive areas. The method employs a 200 nm porous sieve (38.2% porosity) for exosome separation and a 50 nm sieve (10.7% porosity) for soluble protein removal. These 300 nm thick nanosieves outperform conventional polycarbonate membranes by being 50 times thinner, thereby increasing nanoparticle permeability. The method enables a 90% recovery rate of intact exosomes from human serum and a purity ratio of 3 × 107 particles/µg protein, 4.6 times higher than ultracentrifugation methods. The throughput of the method is up to 15 mL by increasing the size of the nanosieve, making it an ideal solution for large-scale exosome production for therapeutic purposes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gijung Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, 466 Hana Science Hall, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, 466 Hana Science Hall, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyu Seo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, 466 Hana Science Hall, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, 466 Hana Science Hall, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiaxin Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, 466 Hana Science Hall, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinhyeok Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, 466 Hana Science Hall, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangjun Gim
- Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Honggu Chun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Korea University, 466 Hana Science Hall, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
- Interdisciplinary Program in Precision Public Health, Korea University, 466 Hana Science Hall, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Zhou W, Wang X, Dong Y, Gao P, Zhao X, Wang M, Wu X, Shen J, Zhang X, Lu Z, An W. Stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles in the therapeutic intervention of Alzheimer's Disease, Parkinson's Disease, and stroke. Theranostics 2024; 14:3358-3384. [PMID: 38855176 PMCID: PMC11155406 DOI: 10.7150/thno.95953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
With the increase in the aging population, the occurrence of neurological disorders is rising. Recently, stem cell therapy has garnered attention due to its convenient sourcing, minimal invasiveness, and capacity for directed differentiation. However, there are some disadvantages, such as poor quality control, safety assessments, and ethical and logistical issues. Consequently, scientists have started to shift their attention from stem cells to extracellular vesicles due to their similar structures and properties. Beyond these parallels, extracellular vesicles can enhance biocompatibility, facilitate easy traversal of barriers, and minimize side effects. Furthermore, stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles can be engineered to load drugs and modify surfaces to enhance treatment outcomes. In this review, we summarize the functions of native stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles, subsequently review the strategies for the engineering of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles and their applications in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and stroke, and discuss the challenges and solutions associated with the clinical translation of stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wantong Zhou
- National Vaccine Serum Institute (NVSI), China National Biotech Group (CNBG), Sinopharm Group, No. 38 Jing Hai Second Road, Beijing 101111, China
| | - Xudong Wang
- National Vaccine Serum Institute (NVSI), China National Biotech Group (CNBG), Sinopharm Group, No. 38 Jing Hai Second Road, Beijing 101111, China
| | - Yumeng Dong
- Capital Medical University, 10 Xitoutiao, Youanmenwai Street, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Peifen Gao
- National Vaccine Serum Institute (NVSI), China National Biotech Group (CNBG), Sinopharm Group, No. 38 Jing Hai Second Road, Beijing 101111, China
| | - Xian Zhao
- National Vaccine Serum Institute (NVSI), China National Biotech Group (CNBG), Sinopharm Group, No. 38 Jing Hai Second Road, Beijing 101111, China
| | - Mengxia Wang
- National Vaccine Serum Institute (NVSI), China National Biotech Group (CNBG), Sinopharm Group, No. 38 Jing Hai Second Road, Beijing 101111, China
| | - Xue Wu
- National Vaccine Serum Institute (NVSI), China National Biotech Group (CNBG), Sinopharm Group, No. 38 Jing Hai Second Road, Beijing 101111, China
| | - Jiuheng Shen
- National Vaccine Serum Institute (NVSI), China National Biotech Group (CNBG), Sinopharm Group, No. 38 Jing Hai Second Road, Beijing 101111, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhiguo Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wenlin An
- National Vaccine Serum Institute (NVSI), China National Biotech Group (CNBG), Sinopharm Group, No. 38 Jing Hai Second Road, Beijing 101111, China
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ma Y, She X, Liu Y, Qin X. MSC-derived exosomal miR-140-3p improves cognitive dysfunction in sepsis-associated encephalopathy by HMGB1 and S-lactoylglutathione metabolism. Commun Biol 2024; 7:562. [PMID: 38734709 PMCID: PMC11088640 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-06236-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
MiRNAs in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosome (MSCs-exo) play an important role in the treatment of sepsis. We explored the mechanism through which MSCs-exo influences cognitive impairment in sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE). Here, we show that miR-140-3p targeted Hmgb1. MSCs-exo plus miR-140-3p mimic (Exo) and antibiotic imipenem/cilastatin (ABX) improve survival, weight, and cognitive impairment in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) mice. Exo and ABX inhibit high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), IBA-1, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, iNOS, TNF-α, p65/p-p65, NLRP3, Caspase 1, and GSDMD-N levels. In addition, Exo upregulates S-lactoylglutathione levels in the hippocampus of CLP mice. Our data further demonstrates that Exo and S-lactoylglutathione increase GSH levels in LPS-induced HMC3 cells and decrease LD and GLO2 levels, inhibiting inflammatory responses and pyroptosis. These findings suggest that MSCs-exo-mediated delivery of miR-140-3p ameliorates cognitive impairment in mice with SAE by HMGB1 and S-lactoylglutathione metabolism, providing potential therapeutic targets for the clinical treatment of SAE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Ma
- Department of Transplant Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Xingguo She
- Department of Transplant Surgery, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China
| | - Xian Qin
- Department of Gynaecology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, 410013, Changsha, China.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Dos Santos NCD, Bruzadelle-Vieira P, de Cássia Noronha N, Mizukami-Martins A, Orellana MD, Bentley MVLB, Covas DT, Swiech K, Malmegrim KCR. Transitioning from static to suspension culture system for large-scale production of xeno-free extracellular vesicles derived from mesenchymal stromal cells. Biotechnol Prog 2024; 40:e3419. [PMID: 38247123 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown increasing therapeutic potential in the last years. However, large production of EV is required for therapeutic purposes. Thereby, scaling up MSC cultivation in bioreactors is essential to allow culture parameters monitoring. In this study, we reported the establishment of a scalable bioprocess to produce MSC-EV in suspension cultures using spinner flasks and human collagen-coated microcarriers (3D culture system). We compared the EV production in this 3D culture system with the standard static culture using T-flasks (2D culture system). The EV produced in both systems were characterized and quantify by western blotting and nanoparticle tracking analysis. The presence of the typical protein markers CD9, CD63, and CD81 was confirmed by western blotting analyses for EV produced in both culture systems. The cell fold-increase was 5.7-fold for the 3D culture system and 4.6-fold for the 2D culture system, signifying a fold-change of 1.2 (calculated as the ratio of fold-increase 3D to fold-increase 2D). Furthermore, it should be noted that the total cell production in the spinner flask cultures was 4.8 times higher than that in T-flask cultures. The total cell production in the spinner flask cultures was 5.2-fold higher than that in T-flask cultures. While the EV specific production (particles/cell) in T-flask cultures (4.40 ± 1.21 × 108 particles/mL, p < 0.05) was higher compared to spinner flask cultures (2.10 ± 0.04 × 108 particles/mL, p < 0.05), the spinner flask culture system offers scalability, making it capable of producing enough MSC-EV at a large scale for clinical applications. Therefore, we concluded that 3D culture system evaluated here serves as an efficient transitional platform that enables the scaling up of MSC-EV production for therapeutic purposes by utilizing stirred tank bioreactors and maintaining xeno-free conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paula Bruzadelle-Vieira
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Nádia de Cássia Noronha
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Amanda Mizukami-Martins
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Maristela Delgado Orellana
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Maria Vitória L B Bentley
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Dimas Tadeu Covas
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Kamilla Swiech
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Center for Cell-Based Therapy, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Kelen Cristina Ribeiro Malmegrim
- Department of Pharmaceutical Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- Department of Clinical Analysis, Toxicology and Food Sciences, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Chen W, Wu P, Jin C, Chen Y, Li C, Qian H. Advances in the application of extracellular vesicles derived from three-dimensional culture of stem cells. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:215. [PMID: 38693585 PMCID: PMC11064407 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-024-02455-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Stem cells (SCs) have been used therapeutically for decades, yet their applications are limited by factors such as the risk of immune rejection and potential tumorigenicity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs), a key paracrine component of stem cell potency, overcome the drawbacks of stem cell applications as a cell-free therapeutic agent and play an important role in treating various diseases. However, EVs derived from two-dimensional (2D) planar culture of SCs have low yield and face challenges in large-scale production, which hinders the clinical translation of EVs. Three-dimensional (3D) culture, given its ability to more realistically simulate the in vivo environment, can not only expand SCs in large quantities, but also improve the yield and activity of EVs, changing the content of EVs and improving their therapeutic effects. In this review, we briefly describe the advantages of EVs and EV-related clinical applications, provide an overview of 3D cell culture, and finally focus on specific applications and future perspectives of EVs derived from 3D culture of different SCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenya Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peipei Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230001, Anhui, China
| | - Can Jin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yinjie Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chong Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Hui Qian
- Department of Orthopaedics, Affiliated Kunshan Hospital of Jiangsu University, Kunshan, 215300, Jiangsu, China.
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, 301 Xuefu Road, Zhenjiang, 212013, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Cheng LF, You CQ, Peng C, Ren JJ, Guo K, Liu TL. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes as a new drug carrier for the treatment of spinal cord injury: A review. Chin J Traumatol 2024; 27:134-146. [PMID: 38570272 PMCID: PMC11138942 DOI: 10.1016/j.cjtee.2024.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating traumatic disease seriously impairing the quality of life in patients. Expectations to allow the hopeless central nervous system to repair itself after injury are unfeasible. Developing new approaches to regenerate the central nervous system is still the priority. Exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-Exo) have been proven to robustly quench the inflammatory response or oxidative stress and curb neuronal apoptosis and autophagy following SCI, which are the key processes to rescue damaged spinal cord neurons and restore their functions. Nonetheless, MSC-Exo in SCI received scant attention. In this review, we reviewed our previous work and other studies to summarize the roles of MSC-Exo in SCI and its underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, we also focus on the application of exosomes as drug carrier in SCI. In particular, it combs the advantages of exosomes as a drug carrier for SCI, imaging advantages, drug types, loading methods, etc., which provides the latest progress for exosomes in the treatment of SCI, especially drug carrier.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Fei Cheng
- Medical College, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232000, Anhui province, China
| | - Chao-Qun You
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Cheng Peng
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Jia-Ji Ren
- Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Central Hospital of Shanghai Putuo District, Shanghai, 200333, China
| | - Tie-Long Liu
- Medical College, Anhui University of Science and Technology, Huainan, 232000, Anhui province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Barekzai J, Refflinghaus L, Okpara M, Tasto L, Tertel T, Giebel B, Czermak P, Salzig D. Process development for the production of mesenchymal stromal cell-derived extracellular vesicles in conventional 2D systems. Cytotherapy 2024:S1465-3249(24)00683-2. [PMID: 38819363 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2024.04.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the importance of extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) has increased significantly. For their widespread use, a standardized EV manufacturing is needed which often includes conventional, static 2D systems. For these system critical process parameters need to be determined. METHODS We studied the impact of process parameters on MSC proliferation, MSC-derived particle production including EVs, EV- and MSC-specific marker expression, and particle functionality in a HaCaT cell migration assay. RESULTS We found that cell culture growth surface and media affected MSCs and their secretory behavior. Interestingly, the materials that promoted MSC proliferation did not necessarily result in the most functional MSC-derived particles. In addition, we found that MSCs seeded at 4 × 103 cells cm-2 produced particles with improved functional properties compared to higher seeding densities. MSCs in a highly proliferative state did not produce the most particles, although these particles were significantly more effective in promoting HaCaT cell migration. The same correlation was found when investigating the cultivation temperature. A physiological temperature of 37°C was not optimal for particle yield, although it resulted in the most functional particles. We observed a proliferation-associated particle production and found potential correlations between particle production and glucose consumption, enabling the estimation of final particle yields. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that parameters, which must be defined prior to each individual cultivation and do not require complex and expensive equipment, can significantly increase MSC-derived particle production including EVs. Integrating these parameters into a standardized EV process development paves the way for robust and efficient EV manufacturing for early clinical phases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Barekzai
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Laura Refflinghaus
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Maduwuike Okpara
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Lars Tasto
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Tobias Tertel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Bernd Giebel
- Institute for Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Peter Czermak
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany; Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen Germany
| | - Denise Salzig
- Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany; Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Louro AF, Meliciano A, Alves PM, Costa MHG, Serra M. A roadmap towards manufacturing extracellular vesicles for cardiac repair. Trends Biotechnol 2024:S0167-7799(24)00091-X. [PMID: 38653588 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2024.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
For the past two decades researchers have linked extracellular vesicle (EV)-mediated mechanisms to various physiological and pathological processes in the heart, such as immune response regulation, fibrosis, angiogenesis, and the survival and growth of cardiomyocytes. Although use of EVs has gathered momentum in the cardiac field, several obstacles in both upstream and downstream processes during EV manufacture need to be addressed before clinical success can be achieved. Low EV yields obtained in small-scale cultures deter clinical translation, as mass production is a prerequisite to meet therapeutic doses. Moreover, standardizing EV manufacture is critical given the inherent heterogeneity of EVs and the constraints of current isolation techniques. In this review, we discuss the critical steps for the large-scale manufacturing of high-potency EVs for cardiac therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana F Louro
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ana Meliciano
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Paula M Alves
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Marta H G Costa
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Margarida Serra
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Poinsot V, Pizzinat N, Ong-Meang V. Engineered and Mimicked Extracellular Nanovesicles for Therapeutic Delivery. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:639. [PMID: 38607173 PMCID: PMC11013861 DOI: 10.3390/nano14070639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are spherical extracellular nanovesicles with an endosomal origin and unilamellar lipid-bilayer structure with sizes ranging from 30 to 100 nm. They contain a large range of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acid species, depending on the state and origin of the extracellular vesicle (EV)-secreting cell. EVs' function is to encapsulate part of the EV-producing cell content, to transport it through biological fluids to a targeted recipient, and to deliver their cargos specifically within the aimed recipient cells. Therefore, exosomes are considered to be potential biological drug-delivery systems that can stably deliver their cargo into targeted cells. Various cell-derived exosomes are produced for medical issues, but their use for therapeutic purposes still faces several problems. Some of these difficulties can be avoided by resorting to hemisynthetic approaches. We highlight here the uses of alternative exosome-mimes involving cell-membrane coatings on artificial nanocarriers or the hybridization between exosomes and liposomes. We also detail the drug-loading strategies deployed to make them drug-carrier systems and summarize the ongoing clinical trials involving exosomes or exosome-like structures. Finally, we summarize the open questions before considering exosome-like disposals for confident therapeutic delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Verena Poinsot
- Inserm, CNRS, Faculté de Santé, Université Toulouse III—Paul Sabatier, I2MC U1297, 31432 Toulouse, France; (N.P.); (V.O.-M.)
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Wang Y, Liu X, Wang B, Sun H, Ren Y, Zhang H. Compounding engineered mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes: A potential rescue strategy for retinal degeneration. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116424. [PMID: 38471273 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2024] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of retinal degenerative diseases, including age-related macular degeneration and retinitis pigmentosa, has been increasing globally and is linked to the aging population and improved life expectancy. These diseases are characterized by chronic, progressive neuronal damage or depletion of the photoreceptor cells in the retina, and limited effective treatment options are currently available. Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-EXOs) containing cytokines, growth factors, lipids, mRNA, and miRNA, which act as mediators of intercellular communication transferring bioactive molecules to recipient cells, offer an appealing, non-cellular nanotherapeutic approach for retinal degenerative diseases. However, treatment specificity is compromised due to their high heterogeneity in size, content, functional effects, and parental cellular source. To improve this, engineered MSC-EXOs with increased drug-loading capacity, targeting ability, and resistance to bodily degradation and elimination have been developed. This review summarizes the recent advances in miRNAs of MSC-EXOs as a treatment for retinal degeneration, discussing the strategies and methods for engineering therapeutic MSC-EXOs. Notably, to address the single functional role of engineered MSC-EXOs, we propose a novel concept called "Compound Engineered MSC-EXOs (Co-E-MSC-EXOs)" along with its derived potential therapeutic approaches. The advantages and challenges of employing Co-E-MSC-EXOs for retinal degeneration in clinical applications, as well as the strategies and issues related to them, are also highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.1 hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710002, China.
| | - Xianning Liu
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.1 hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710002, China
| | - Bei Wang
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Hanhan Sun
- The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710069, China
| | - Yiqian Ren
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.1 hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710002, China
| | - Hongbing Zhang
- Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Northwest University, Xi'an No.1 hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shaanxi Institute of Ophthalmology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710002, China.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Almeria C, Weiss R, Keck M, Weber V, Kasper C, Egger D. Dynamic cultivation of human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells for the production of extracellular vesicles in a 3D bioreactor system. Biotechnol Lett 2024; 46:279-293. [PMID: 38349512 PMCID: PMC10902030 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-024-03465-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE 3D cell culture and hypoxia have been demonstrated to increase the therapeutic effects of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this study, a process for the production of MSC-EVs in a novel 3D bioreactor system under normoxic and hypoxic conditions was established and the resulting EVs were characterized. METHODS Human adipose-derived MSCs were seeded and cultured on a 3D membrane in the VITVO® bioreactor system for 7 days. Afterwards, MSC-EVs were isolated and characterized via fluorescence nanoparticle tracking analysis, flow cytometry with staining against annexin V (Anx5) as a marker for EVs exposing phosphatidylserine, as well as CD73 and CD90 as MSC surface markers. RESULTS Cultivation of MSC in the VITVO® bioreactor system demonstrated a higher concentration of MSC-EVs from the 3D bioreactor (9.1 × 109 ± 1.5 × 109 and 9.7 × 109 ± 3.1 × 109 particles/mL) compared to static 2D culture (4.2 × 109 ± 7.5 × 108 and 3.9 × 109 ± 3.0 × 108 particles/mL) under normoxic and hypoxic conditions, respectively. Also, the particle-to-protein ratio as a measure for the purity of EVs increased from 3.3 × 107 ± 1.1 × 107 particles/µg protein in 2D to 1.6 × 108 ± 8.3 × 106 particles/µg protein in 3D. Total MSC-EVs as well as CD73-CD90+ MSC-EVs were elevated in 2D normoxic conditions. The EV concentration and size did not differ significantly between normoxic and hypoxic conditions. CONCLUSION The production of MSC-EVs in a 3D bioreactor system under hypoxic conditions resulted in increased EV concentration and purity. This system could be especially useful in screening culture conditions for the production of 3D-derived MSC-EVs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ciarra Almeria
- Institute of Cell and Tissue Culture Technology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - René Weiss
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Department for Biomedical Research, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Maike Keck
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Agaplesion Diakonieklinikum Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Viktoria Weber
- Center for Biomedical Technology, Department for Biomedical Research, University for Continuing Education Krems, Krems, Austria
| | - Cornelia Kasper
- Institute of Cell and Tissue Culture Technology, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Dominik Egger
- Institute of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Leibniz University Hannover, Hannover, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Zhu D, Hu Y, Kong X, Luo Y, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Tan J, Chen J, Xu T, Zhu L. Enhanced burn wound healing by controlled-release 3D ADMSC-derived exosome-loaded hyaluronan hydrogel. Regen Biomater 2024; 11:rbae035. [PMID: 38628545 PMCID: PMC11018541 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbae035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Adipose mesenchymal stem cell (ADMSC)-derived exosomes (ADMSC-Exos) have shown great potential in regenerative medicine and been evidenced benefiting wound repair such as burns. However, the low yield, easy loss after direct coating, and no suitable loading system to improve their availability and efficacy hinder their clinical application for wound healing. And few studies focused on the comparison of biological functions between exosomes derived from different culture techniques, especially in exosome-releasing hydrogel system. Therefore, we designed a high-performance exosome controllable releasing hydrogel system for burn wound healing, namely loading 3D-printed microfiber culture-derived exosomes in a highly biocompatible hyaluronic acid (HA). In this project, we compared the biological functions in vitro and in a burn model among exosomes derived from the conventional two-dimensional (2D) plate culture (2D-Exos), microcarrier culture (2.5D-Exos), and 3D-printed microfiber culture (3D-Exos). Results showed that compared with 2D-Exos and 2.5D-Exos, 3D-Exos promoted HACATs and HUVECs cell proliferation and migration more significantly. Additionally, 3D-Exos had stronger angiogenesis-promoting effects in tube formation of (HUVECs) cells. Moreover, we found HA-loaded 3D-Exos showed better burn wound healing promotion compared to 2D-Exos and 2.5D-Exos, including accelerated burn wound healing rate and better collagen remodeling. The study findings reveal that the HA-loaded, controllable-release 3D-Exos repair system distinctly augments therapeutic efficacy in terms of wound healing, while concurrently introducing a facile application approach. This system markedly bolsters the exosomal loading efficiency, provides a robust protective milieu, and potentiates the inherent biological functionalities of the exosomes. Our findings provide a rationale for more efficient utilization of high-quality and high-yield 3D exosomes in the future, and a novel strategy for healing severe burns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Delong Zhu
- Department of Dermatology & Plastic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Ying Hu
- Department of Dermatology & Plastic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Xiangkai Kong
- Department of Dermatology & Plastic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Yuansen Luo
- Department of the Second Plastic Surgery, The First People’s Hospital of Foshan, Foshan 528000, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Research and Development, Huaqing Zhimei (Shenzhen) Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shenzhen 518107, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Wu
- Department of Dermatology & Plastic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jiameng Tan
- Department of Dermatology & Plastic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Jianwei Chen
- Center for Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing and Living Matter Bioprinting, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518057, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tao Xu
- Center for Bio-Intelligent Manufacturing and Living Matter Bioprinting, Research Institute of Tsinghua University in Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518057, People’s Republic of China
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Dermatology & Plastic Surgery, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Wu Y, Fu H, Hao J, Yang Z, Qiao X, Li Y, Zhao R, Lin T, Wang Y, Wang M. Tumor-derived exosomal PD-L1: a new perspective in PD-1/PD-L1 therapy for lung cancer. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1342728. [PMID: 38562933 PMCID: PMC10982384 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1342728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes play a crucial role in facilitating intercellular communication within organisms. Emerging evidence indicates that a distinct variant of programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1), found on the surface of exosomes, may be responsible for orchestrating systemic immunosuppression that counteracts the efficacy of anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) checkpoint therapy. Specifically, the presence of PD-L1 on exosomes enables them to selectively target PD-1 on the surface of CD8+ T cells, leading to T cell apoptosis and impeding T cell activation or proliferation. This mechanism allows tumor cells to evade immune pressure during the effector stage. Furthermore, the quantification of exosomal PD-L1 has the potential to serve as an indicator of the dynamic interplay between tumors and immune cells, thereby suggesting the promising utility of exosomes as biomarkers for both cancer diagnosis and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitor therapy. The emergence of exosomal PD-L1 inhibitors as a viable approach for anti-tumor treatment has garnered significant attention. Depleting exosomal PD-L1 may serve as an effective adjunct therapy to mitigate systemic immunosuppression. This review aims to elucidate recent insights into the role of exosomal PD-L1 in the field of immune oncology, emphasizing its potential as a diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tool in lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunjiao Wu
- Department of Respiratory Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Huichao Fu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Jingwei Hao
- Department of Respiratory Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Zhaoyang Yang
- Department of Respiratory Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Xinyi Qiao
- Department of Respiratory Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Yingjie Li
- Department of Respiratory Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- Department of Respiratory Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Tie Lin
- Department of Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Yicun Wang
- Department of Medical Research Center, Second Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, Changchun, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Pang JL, Shao H, Xu XG, Lin ZW, Chen XY, Chen JY, Mou XZ, Hu PY. Targeted drug delivery of engineered mesenchymal stem/stromal-cell-derived exosomes in cardiovascular disease: recent trends and future perspectives. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1363742. [PMID: 38558788 PMCID: PMC10978787 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1363742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, stem cells and their secretomes, notably exosomes, have received considerable attention in biomedical applications. Exosomes are cellular secretomes used for intercellular communication. They perform the function of intercellular messengers by facilitating the transport of proteins, lipids, nucleic acids, and therapeutic substances. Their biocompatibility, minimal immunogenicity, targetability, stability, and engineerable characteristics have additionally led to their application as drug delivery vehicles. The therapeutic efficacy of exosomes can be improved through surface modification employing functional molecules, including aptamers, antibodies, and peptides. Given their potential as targeted delivery vehicles to enhance the efficiency of treatment while minimizing adverse effects, exosomes exhibit considerable promise. Stem cells are considered advantageous sources of exosomes due to their distinctive characteristics, including regenerative and self-renewal capabilities, which make them well-suited for transplantation into injured tissues, hence promoting tissue regeneration. However, there are notable obstacles that need to be addressed, including immune rejection and ethical problems. Exosomes produced from stem cells have been thoroughly studied as a cell-free strategy that avoids many of the difficulties involved with cell-based therapy for tissue regeneration and cancer treatment. This review provides an in-depth summary and analysis of the existing knowledge regarding exosomes, including their engineering and cardiovascular disease (CVD) treatment applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Liang Pang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tiantai People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province (Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang People’s Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hong Shao
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Tiantai People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province (Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang People’s Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Heart Center, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Gang Xu
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Lin
- Zhejiang Healthfuture Biomedicine Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yi Chen
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jin-Yang Chen
- Zhejiang Healthfuture Biomedicine Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Zhou Mou
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital), Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pei-Yang Hu
- Department of Traumatology, Tiantai People’s Hospital of Zhejiang Province (Tiantai Branch of Zhejiang People’s Hospital), Taizhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Lin G, Pan W, He Y, Yi X, Zhou P, Lu J. Opportunities and Perspectives for Three Dimensional Culture of Mesenchymal Stem Cell-Derived Exosomes. TISSUE ENGINEERING. PART B, REVIEWS 2024. [PMID: 38265004 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2023.0253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes are nanosized extracellular vesicles (EVs) that participate in intercellular communication through surface proteins and the delivery of internal cargo. The exosomes have gained attention for their potential as disease biomarkers and therapeutic agents. The therapeutic ability of exosomes has been verified by copious previous studies. Effective methods for extensive clinical applications are being researched for exosome-based regenerative therapies, including the application of 3D cultures to enhance exosome production and secretion, which can resolve limited exosome secretion from the parent cells. Cell culture has emerged as a crucial approach for biomedical research because of its many benefits. Both well-established continuous cell lines and primary cell cultures continue to be invaluable for basic research and clinical application. Previous studies have shown that three-dimensional cultured exosomes (3D-Exo) improve therapeutic properties and yields compared with traditional culture systems. Since the majority of studies have focused on exosomes derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSC-Exo), this review will also concentrate on MSC-Exo. In this review, we will summarize the advantages of 3D-Exo and introduce the 3D culture system and methods of exosome isolation, providing scientific strategies for the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of a wide variety of diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guanyi Lin
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wennuo Pan
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yinde He
- Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Yi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Immune Regulation and Immunotherapy, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pengyu Zhou
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Xin WG, Li XD, Zhou HY, Li X, Liu WX, Lin LB, Wang F. Isolation, antibacterial characterization, and alternating tangential flow-based preparation of viable cells of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei XLK 401: Potential application in milk preservation. J Dairy Sci 2024; 107:1355-1369. [PMID: 37776999 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
It is desirable to obtain high levels of viable Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, a widely used food probiotic whose antibacterial activity and potential application in milk remain largely uninvestigated. Here, we isolated and purified the L. paracasei strain XLK 401 from food-grade blueberry ferments and found that it exhibited strong antibacterial activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative foodborne pathogens, including Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella paratyphi B, Escherichia coli O157, and Shigella flexneri. Then, we applied alternating tangential flow (ATF) technology to produce viable L. paracasei XLK 401 cells and its cell-free supernatant (CFS). Compared with the conventional fed-batch method, 22 h of ATF-based processing markedly increased the number of viable cells of L. paracasei XLK 401 to 12.14 ± 0.13 log cfu/mL. Additionally, the CFS exhibited good thermal stability and pH tolerance, inhibiting biofilm formation in the abovementioned foodborne pathogens. According to liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis, organic acids were the main antibacterial components of XLK 401 CFS, accounting for its inhibition activity. Moreover, the CFS of L. paracasei XLK 401 effectively inhibited the growth of multidrug-resistant gram-positive Staph. aureus and gram-negative E. coli O157 pathogens in milk, and caused a reduction in the pathogenic cell counts by 6 to 7 log cfu/mL compared with untreated control, thus considerably maintaining the safety of milk samples. For the first time to our knowledge, ATF-based technology was employed to obtain viable L. paracasei on a large scale, and its CFS could serve as a broad-spectrum biopreservative for potential application against foodborne pathogens in milk products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Gang Xin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xin-Dong Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Huan-Yu Zhou
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Xin Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Wei-Xin Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Lian-Bing Lin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China.
| | - Feng Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China; Engineering Research Center for Replacement Technology of Feed Antibiotics of Yunnan College, Yunnan, Kunming, 650500, China.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zheng X, Ai H, Qian K, Li G, Zhang S, Zou Y, Lei C, Fu W, Hu S. Small extracellular vesicles purification and scale-up. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1344681. [PMID: 38469310 PMCID: PMC10925713 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1344681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) secreted by cells. With advances in the study of sEVs, they have shown great potential in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. However, sEV therapy usually requires a certain dose and purity of sEVs to achieve the therapeutic effect, but the existing sEV purification technology exists in the form of low yield, low purity, time-consuming, complex operation and many other problems, which greatly limits the application of sEVs. Therefore, how to obtain high-purity and high-quality sEVs quickly and efficiently, and make them realize large-scale production is a major problem in current sEV research. This paper discusses how to improve the purity and yield of sEVs from the whole production process of sEVs, including the upstream cell line selection and cell culture process, to the downstream isolation and purification, quality testing and the final storage technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinya Zheng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- School of Gongli Hospital Medical Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongru Ai
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- School of Gongli Hospital Medical Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Kewen Qian
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangyao Li
- Department of Biophysics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyi Zhang
- Department of Biophysics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yitan Zou
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Changhai Lei
- Department of Biophysics, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyan Fu
- Department of Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Fahe Life Science and Technology Inc., Shanghai, China
| | - Shi Hu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
- School of Gongli Hospital Medical Technology, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Yousafzai NA, El Khalki L, Wang W, Szpendyk J, Sossey-Alaoui K. Advances in 3D Culture Models to Study Exosomes in Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:883. [PMID: 38473244 PMCID: PMC10931050 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally, exhibits distinct subtypes with varying pathological, genetic, and clinical characteristics. Despite advancements in breast cancer treatments, its histological and molecular heterogeneity pose a significant clinical challenge. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), a highly aggressive subtype lacking targeted therapeutics, adds to the complexity of breast cancer treatment. Recent years have witnessed the development of advanced 3D culture technologies, such as organoids and spheroids, providing more representative models of healthy human tissue and various malignancies. These structures, resembling organs in structure and function, are generated from stem cells or organ-specific progenitor cells via self-organizing processes. Notably, 3D culture systems bridge the gap between 2D cultures and in vivo studies, offering a more accurate representation of in vivo tumors' characteristics. Exosomes, small nano-sized molecules secreted by breast cancer and stromal/cancer-associated fibroblast cells, have garnered significant attention. They play a crucial role in cell-to-cell communication, influencing tumor progression, invasion, and metastasis. The 3D culture environment enhances exosome efficiency compared to traditional 2D cultures, impacting the transfer of specific cargoes and therapeutic effects. Furthermore, 3D exosomes have shown promise in improving therapeutic outcomes, acting as potential vehicles for cancer treatment administration. Studies have demonstrated their role in pro-angiogenesis and their innate therapeutic potential in mimicking cellular therapies without side effects. The 3D exosome model holds potential for addressing challenges associated with drug resistance, offering insights into the mechanisms underlying multidrug resistance and serving as a platform for drug screening. This review seeks to emphasize the crucial role of 3D culture systems in studying breast cancer, especially in understanding the involvement of exosomes in cancer pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neelum Aziz Yousafzai
- MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA; (N.A.Y.); (L.E.K.); (W.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-4909, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106-7285, USA
| | - Lamyae El Khalki
- MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA; (N.A.Y.); (L.E.K.); (W.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-4909, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106-7285, USA
| | - Wei Wang
- MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA; (N.A.Y.); (L.E.K.); (W.W.)
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106-7285, USA
| | - Justin Szpendyk
- MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA; (N.A.Y.); (L.E.K.); (W.W.)
| | - Khalid Sossey-Alaoui
- MetroHealth System, Cleveland, OH 44109, USA; (N.A.Y.); (L.E.K.); (W.W.)
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-4909, USA
- Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH 44106-7285, USA
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhang J, Lin R, Li Y, Wang J, Ding H, Fang P, Huang Y, Shi J, Gao J, Zhang T. A large-scale production of mesenchymal stem cells and their exosomes for an efficient treatment against lung inflammation. Biotechnol J 2024; 19:e2300174. [PMID: 38403399 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202300174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and their produced exosomes have demonstrated inherent capabilities of inflammation-guided targeting and inflammatory modulation, inspiring their potential applications as biologic agents for inflammatory treatments. However, the clinical applications of stem cell therapies are currently restricted by several challenges, and one of them is the mass production of stem cells to satisfy the therapeutic demands in the clinical bench. Herein, a production of human amnion-derived MSCs (hMSCs) at a scale of over 1 × 109 cells per batch was reported using a three-dimensional (3D) culture technology based on microcarriers coupled with a spinner bioreactor system. The present study revealed that this large-scale production technology improved the inflammation-guided migration and the inflammatory suppression of hMSCs, without altering their major properties as stem cells. Moreover, these large-scale produced hMSCs showed an efficient treatment against the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung inflammation in mice models. Notably, exosomes collected from these large-scale produced hMSCs were observed to inherit the efficient inflammatory suppression capability of hMSCs. The present study showed that 3D culture technology using microcarriers coupled with a spinner bioreactor system can be a promising strategy for the large-scale expansion of hMSCs with improved anti-inflammation capability, as well as their secreted exosomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruyi Lin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingyu Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiawen Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huiqing Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Panfeng Fang
- Ningbo SinoCell Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Ningbo, China
| | - Yingzhi Huang
- Ningbo SinoCell Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Ningbo, China
| | - Jing Shi
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianqing Gao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tianyuan Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Nguyen DDN, Vu DM, Vo N, Tran NHB, Ho DTK, Nguyen T, Nguyen TA, Nguyen H, Tu LN. Skin rejuvenation and photoaging protection using adipose-derived stem cell extracellular vesicles loaded with exogenous cargos. Skin Res Technol 2024; 30:e13599. [PMID: 38279569 PMCID: PMC10818134 DOI: 10.1111/srt.13599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small extracellular vesicles from adipose-derived stem cells (ASC-sEVs) have gained remarkable attention for their regenerative and protective properties against skin aging. However, the use of ASC-sEVs to further encapsulate certain natural anti-aging compounds for synergistic effects has not been actively explored. For large-scale production in skincare industry, it is also crucial to standardize cost-effective methods to produce highly pure ASC-sEVs. METHODS Human ASCs were expanded in serum-free media with different compositions to first optimize the sEV production. ASC-sEVs from different batches were then purified using tangential flow filtration and sucrose cushion ultracentrifugation, followed by extensive characterization for identity and content profiling including proteomics, lipidomics and miRNA sequencing. ASC-sEVs were further loaded with nicotinamide riboside (NR) and resveratrol by sonication-incubation method. The therapeutic effect of ASC-sEVs and loaded ASC-sEVs was tested on human keratinocyte cell line HaCaT exposed to UVB by measuring reactive oxygen species (ROS). The loaded ASC-sEVs were later applied on the hand skin of three volunteers once a day for 8 weeks and skin analysis was performed every 2 weeks. RESULTS Our standardized workflow produced ASC-sEVs with high yield, high purity and with stable characteristics and consistent biocargo among different batches. The most abundant subpopulations in ASC-sEVs were CD63+ (∼30%) and CD81+ -CD63+ (∼35%). Purified ASC-sEVs could be loaded with NR and resveratrol at the optimized loading efficiency of ∼20%. In UVB-exposed HaCaT cells, loaded ASC-sEVs could reduce ROS by 38.3%, higher than the sEVs (13.3%) or compounds (18.5%) individually. In human trial, application of loaded ASC-sEVs after 8 weeks substantially improved skin texture, increased skin hydration and elasticity by 104% and reduced mean pore volume by 51%. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated a robust protocol to produce ASC-sEVs and exogenously load them with natural compounds. The loaded ASC-sEVs exhibited synergistic effects of both sEVs and anti-aging compounds in photoaging protection and skin rejuvenation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Diem My Vu
- Center for Molecular BiomedicineUniversity of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh CityHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | - Nhan Vo
- Medical Genetics InstituteHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | | | | | - Thieu Nguyen
- Medical Genetics InstituteHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
| | | | | | - Lan N. Tu
- Medical Genetics InstituteHo Chi Minh CityVietnam
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Esmaeili A, Hosseini S, Baghaban Eslaminejad M. Co-culture engineering: a promising strategy for production of engineered extracellular vesicle for osteoarthritis treatment. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:29. [PMID: 38200606 PMCID: PMC10782541 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-023-01467-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic effects of extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been identified as a significant factor in intercellular communication in different disease treatments, including osteoarthritis (OA). Compared to the conventional approaches in treating OA, EV therapy is a non-invasive and cell-free method. However, improving the yield of EVs and their therapeutic effects are the main challenges for clinical applications. In this regard, researchers are using the EV engineering potential to overcome these challenges. New findings suggest that the co-culture strategy as an indirect EV engineering method efficiently increases EV production and quality. The co-culture of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and chondrocytes has improved their chondrogenesis, anti-inflammatory effects, and regenerative properties which are mediated by EVs. Hence, co-culture engineering by considerable systems could be useful in producing engineered EVs for different therapeutic applications. Here, we review various co-culture approaches, including diverse direct and indirect, 2D and 3D cell cultures, as well as static and dynamic systems. Meanwhile, we suggest and discuss the advantages of combined strategies to achieve engineered EVs for OA treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abazar Esmaeili
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Hosseini
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Cell Engineering, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Zhao Q, Wang T, Wang H, Cao P, Jiang C, Qiao H, Peng L, Lin X, Jiang Y, Jin H, Zhang H, Wang S, Wang Y, Wang Y, Chen X, Fan J, Li B, Li G, Liu B, Li Z, Qi S, Zhang M, Zheng J, Zhou J, Zheng L, Zhao K. Consensus statement on research and application of Chinese herbal medicine derived extracellular vesicles-like particles (2023 edition). CHINESE HERBAL MEDICINES 2024; 16:3-12. [PMID: 38375050 PMCID: PMC10874762 DOI: 10.1016/j.chmed.2023.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
To promote the development of extracellular vesicles of herbal medicine especially the establishment of standardization, led by the National Expert Committee on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, research experts in the field of herbal medicine and extracellular vesicles were invited nationwide with the support of the Expert Committee on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, Professional Committee on Extracellular Vesicle Research and Application, Chinese Society of Research Hospitals and the Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Herbal Vesicles. Based on the collation of relevant literature, we have adopted the Delphi method, the consensus meeting method combined with the nominal group method to form a discussion draft of "Consensus statement on research and application of Chinese herbal medicine derived extracellular vesicles-like particles (2023)". The first draft was discussed in online and offline meetings on October 12, 14, November 2, 2022 and April and May 2023 on the current status of research, nomenclature, isolation methods, quality standards and research applications of extracellular vesicles of Chinese herbal medicines, and 13 consensus opinions were finally formed. At the Third Academic Conference on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, held on May 26, 2023, Kewei Zhao, convenor of the consensus, presented and read the consensus to the experts of the Expert Committee on Research and Application of Chinese Herbal Vesicles. The consensus highlights the characteristics and advantages of Chinese medicine, inherits the essence, and keeps the righteousness and innovation, aiming to provide a reference for colleagues engaged in research and application of Chinese herbal vesicles at home and abroad, decode the mystery behind Chinese herbal vesicles together, establish a safe, effective and controllable accurate Chinese herbal vesicle prevention and treatment system, and build a bridge for Chinese medicine to the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhao
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510378, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510378, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Institute of Life and Health Engineering, the First Affiliated Hospital, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hongbin Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Peng Cao
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510378, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510378, China
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Chengyu Jiang
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Hongzhi Qiao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Lihua Peng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310030, China
| | - Xingdong Lin
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510378, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510378, China
| | - Yunyao Jiang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Honglei Jin
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510378, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Huantian Zhang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510378, China
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Shengpeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Aomen 999078, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Ying Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xi Chen
- School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Junbing Fan
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Bo Li
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Geng Li
- Laboratory Animal Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China
| | - Bifeng Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhiyang Li
- Nanjing University Medical School Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Suhua Qi
- School of Medical and Technology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Mingzhen Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710065, China
| | - Jianjian Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, WenZhou 325035, China
| | - Jiuyao Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lei Zheng
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510378, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510378, China
- Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Kewei Zhao
- Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Chinese Herbal Vesicles, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510378, China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Research on Prevention and Treatment of Osteoporosis, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510378, China
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Ahmed W, Huang S, Chen L. Engineered exosomes derived from stem cells: a new brain-targeted strategy. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2024; 21:91-110. [PMID: 38258509 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2024.2306877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Using engineered exosomes produced from stem cells is an experimental therapeutic approach for treating brain diseases. According to reports, preclinical research has demonstrated notable neurogenesis and angiogenesis effects using modified stem cell-derived exosomes. These biological nanoparticles have a variety of anti-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties that make them very promising for treating nervous system disorders. AREAS COVERED This review examines different ways to enhance the delivery of modified stem cell-derived exosomes, how they infiltrate the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and how they facilitate their access to the brain. We would also like to determine whether these nanoparticles have the most significant transmission rates through BBB when targeting brain lesions. EXPERT OPINION Using engineered stem cell-derived exosomes for treating brain disorders has generated considerable attention toward clinical research and application. However, stem cell-derived exosomes lack consistency, and their mechanisms of action are uncertain. Therefore, upcoming research needs to prioritize examining the underlying mechanisms and strategies via which these nanoparticles combat neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Ahmed
- Department of Neurosurgery, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Songze Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lukui Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Han H, Chen BT, Liu Y, Wang Y, Xing L, Wang H, Zhou TJ, Jiang HL. Engineered stem cell-based strategy: A new paradigm of next-generation stem cell product in regenerative medicine. J Control Release 2024; 365:981-1003. [PMID: 38123072 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Stem cells have garnered significant attention in regenerative medicine owing to their abilities of multi-directional differentiation and self-renewal. Despite these encouraging results, the market for stem cell products yields limited, which is largely due to the challenges faced to the safety and viability of stem cells in vivo. Besides, the fate of cells re-infusion into the body unknown is also a major obstacle to stem cell therapy. Actually, both the functional protection and the fate tracking of stem cells are essential in tissue homeostasis, repair, and regeneration. Recent studies have utilized cell engineering techniques to modify stem cells for enhancing their treatment efficiency or imparting them with novel biological capabilities, in which advances demonstrate the immense potential of engineered cell therapy. In this review, we proposed that the "engineered stem cells" are expected to represent the next generation of stem cell therapies and reviewed recent progress in this area. We also discussed potential applications of engineered stem cells and highlighted the most common challenges that must be addressed. Overall, this review has important guiding significance for the future design of new paradigms of stem cell products to improve their therapeutic efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Han Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Bi-Te Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Lei Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Tian-Jiao Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Hu-Lin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China; College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China.
| |
Collapse
|