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Becker LC, Cherian PA, Bergfeld WF, Belsito DV, Hill RA, Klaassen CD, Liebler DC, Marks JG, Shank RC, Slaga TJ, Snyder PW, Fiume M, Heldreth B. Safety Assessment of Hydrogen Peroxide as Used in Cosmetics. Int J Toxicol 2024; 43:5S-63S. [PMID: 38469819 DOI: 10.1177/10915818241237790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
The Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety (Panel) assessed the safety of Hydrogen Peroxide for use in cosmetics. This ingredient is reported to function in cosmetics as an antimicrobial agent, cosmetic biocide, oral health care agent, and oxidizing agent. The Panel reviewed the data relevant to the safety of this ingredient and concluded that Hydrogen Peroxide is safe in cosmetics in the present practices of use and concentration described in this safety assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ronald A Hill
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | | | | | - James G Marks
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
| | - Ronald C Shank
- Expert Panel for Cosmetic Ingredient Safety Former Member
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Shirato M, Nakamura K, Tenkumo T, Niwano Y, Kanno T, Sasaki K, Lingström P, Örtengren U. Inhibition of tooth demineralization caused by Streptococcus mutans biofilm via antimicrobial treatment using hydrogen peroxide photolysis. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:739-750. [PMID: 36484848 PMCID: PMC9889499 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04821-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES An antimicrobial technique utilizing hydroxyl radicals generated by the photolysis of 3% H2O2 has been developed recently. The present study aimed to evaluate the effect of H2O2 photolysis treatment on tooth demineralization caused by Streptococcus mutans biofilm. MATERIALS AND METHODS To induce tooth demineralization, S. mutans biofilm was allowed to form on the maxillary first molars collected from Wistar rats via 24-h culturing. The samples were immersed in 3% H2O2 and irradiated with 365-nm LED (H2O2 photolysis treatment). Viable bacterial counts in the biofilm were evaluated immediately after treatment and after an additional 30-h culturing by colony counting. The acidogenicity of the biofilm, re-established 30 h after treatment, was assessed by measuring the pH. The effect of H2O2 photolysis treatment on tooth demineralization was assessed by measuring the depth of the radiolucent layer in micro-CT images. RESULTS H2O2 photolysis significantly reduced viable bacterial counts in the biofilm to 3.7 log colony forming units (CFU)/sample, while the untreated group had 7.9 log CFU/sample. The pH of the biofilm re-established after treatment (6.6) was higher than that of the untreated group (5.3). In line with the pH measurement, the treatment group had a significantly lower depth of radiolucent layer in dentin than the untreated group. CONCLUSIONS H2O2 photolysis treatment was effective not only in killing the biofilm-forming S. mutans but also in lowering the acidogenicity of the biofilm. Thus, this technique could inhibit tooth demineralization. CLINICAL RELEVANCE H2O2 photolysis can be applicable as a new dental caries treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Shirato
- Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden ,Department of Advanced Free Radical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Keisuke Nakamura
- Department of Advanced Free Radical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Taichi Tenkumo
- Division of Advanced Prosthetic Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Yoshimi Niwano
- Faculty of Nursing, Shumei University, 1-1 Daigaku-Cho, Yachiyo, 276-0003 Japan
| | - Taro Kanno
- Department of Advanced Free Radical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Keiichi Sasaki
- Department of Advanced Free Radical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan ,Division of Advanced Prosthetic Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8575 Japan
| | - Peter Lingström
- Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ulf Örtengren
- Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Liu Z, Lu J, Chen X, Xiu P, Zhang Y, Lv X, Jiang X, Wang K, Zhang L. A novel amelogenesis-inspired hydrogel composite for the remineralization of enamel non-cavitated lesions. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:10150-10161. [PMID: 36472307 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01711c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Enamel non-cavitated lesions (NCLs) are subsurface enamel porosity from carious demineralization. The developed enamel cannot repair itself once NCLs occurs. The regeneration of mineral crystals in a biomimetic environment is an effective way to repair enamel subsurface defects. Previously, an amelogenin-derived peptide named QP5 was proven to repair demineralized enamel. In this work, inspired by amelogenesis, a novel biomimetic hydrogel composite containing the QP5 peptide and bioactive glass (BG) was designed, in which QP5 could promote enamel remineralization by guiding the calcium and phosphorus ions provided by BG. Also, BG could adjust the mineralization micro-environment to alkalinity, simulating the pH regulation of ameloblasts during enamel maturity. The BQ hydrogel composite showed biosafety and possessed capacity for enamel binding, ion release and pH buffering. Enamel NCLs treated with the BQ hydrogel composite showed a higher reduction in lesion depth and mineral loss both in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, compared to the hydrogels containing only BG or QP5, groups treated with the BQ hydrogel composite attained more surface microhardness recovery and color recovery, exhibiting resistance to erosion and abrasion of the remineralization layer. We envision that the BQ hydrogel composite can provide a biomimetic micro-environment to favor enamel remineralization, thus reducing the lesion depth and increasing the mineral content as a promising biomimetic material for enamel NCLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3, Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3, Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China
| | - Junzhuo Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3, Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3, Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiangshu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3, Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3, Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China
| | - Peng Xiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3, Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3, Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinmo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3, Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3, Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaohui Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3, Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3, Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyi Jiang
- Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3, Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3, Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3, Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China
| | - Linglin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3, Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China. .,Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No.14, Section 3, Renmin Road South, Chengdu, China
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El Mobadder M, Nammour S, Namour M, Namour A, Grzech-Leśniak K. Disinfection Potential of 980 nm Diode Laser and Hydrogen Peroxide (3%) in "Critical Probing Depths" Periodontal Pockets: Retrospective Study. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12030370. [PMID: 35330121 PMCID: PMC8953835 DOI: 10.3390/life12030370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A successful treatment of periodontitis depends largely on the successful elimination of the periodontopathogens during non-surgical and surgical mechanical debridement. In this retrospective study, data collection was conducted from 2017 to 2021. The retrospective study included 128 patients with 128 sites of localized periodontitis with pocket depths > 5 mm. The included data were based on sites that received conventional mechanical debridement followed by different adjunctive approaches. In total, 30 patients did not receive any additional treatment (SRP group), 30 patients received SRP + 980 nm diode laser irradiation only (SRP + laser), 30 patients received SRP + 3% hydrogen peroxide irrigation (SRP + H2O2) only and 30 patients received a combined treatment of 3% hydrogen peroxide and 980 nm diode laser irradiation (SRP + H2O2 + laser). Total bacterial counts (TBC) in the periodontal pocket collected for all participants before treatment, immediately after treatment, 6 weeks after treatment, 12 weeks after treatment and 6 months after treatment were statistically analyzed and compared. When the laser was used, irradiation parameters were 10 μsec/pulse duration, 10 kHz, pick power of 10 W, average power of 1 W, irradiation time of one minute with inward and outward movements, and fiber diameter of 320 μm. The irradiation was repeated 3 times/pocket. When hydrogen peroxide was used, the irrigation was conducted for one minute and repeated 3 times. The maximum reduction in TBC was obtained when SRP was coupled with 3% H2O2 irrigation followed by 980 nm diode laser irradiation. After six months of follow-up, a significant reduction in TBC was obtained for the group of SRP + H2O2 + laser when compared to all the other groups, from 7.27 × 107 before intervention to 3.21 × 107 after six months. All three approaches to SRP showed a significant reduction in TBC immediately after treatment. Values were 3.52 × 107, 4.01 × 106, 9.58 × 106, 1.98 × 106 for SRP alone, SRP + diode, SRP + H2O2 and SRP + H2O2 + diode laser, respectively. At 6 months, we saw no significant difference between SRP + laser and SRP + H2O2 with 4.01 × 107 and 4.32 × 107, respectively. This retrospective study reveals that after SRP, irrigation with 3% hydrogen peroxide and irradiation with a 980 nm diode laser within specific treatment protocol can be used as an additional approach to conventional SRP to increase the disinfection of the periodontal pockets > 5 mm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwan El Mobadder
- Dental Surgery Department, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-425 Wroclaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +961-71-343-767
| | - Samir Nammour
- Department of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (S.N.); (M.N.); (A.N.)
| | - Melanie Namour
- Department of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (S.N.); (M.N.); (A.N.)
| | - Amaury Namour
- Department of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liege, 4000 Liege, Belgium; (S.N.); (M.N.); (A.N.)
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Grzech-Leśniak K, Belvin BR, Lewis JP, Golob Deeb J. Treatment with Nd:YAG Laser Irradiation Combined with Sodium Hypochlorite or Hydrogen Peroxide Irrigation on Periodontal Pathogens: An In Vitro Study. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 39:46-52. [PMID: 33124948 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser with low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on viability of oral bacteria. Materials and methods: Bacterial species Streptococcus gordonii, Porphyromonas gingivalis, and Fusobacterium nucleatum were grown in an anaerobic chamber at 37°C. Samples were irradiated with the Nd:YAG laser (1064 nm, 300 μm Varian tip) using parameters: 150 mJ, 20 Hz, 3 W, 50 sec, and 100 μs short pulse duration in contact mode. Treatment groups included (1) control, (2) Nd:YAG, (3) 0.5% H2O2, (4) Nd:YAG and 0.5% H2O2, (5) 0.5% NaOCl, and (6) Nd:YAG with 0.5% NaOCl. Viable colonies were counted, calculated into colony forming unit/mL, and converted into log form for statistical analysis using a two-tailed paired t-test. Results: The combined treatment with the Nd:YAG and H2O2 showed the greatest reduction in all bacterial viability compared with other treatment groups (p < 0.001). Antiseptic solutions and laser were most effective against P. gingivalis, least effective against S. gordonii but improved significantly in combination with laser irradiation (p < 0.001). Laser alone was effective against all of three bacterial species, however, it was not significant. Conclusions: Combination treatment with Nd:YAG laser and an oxidative disinfectant (0.5% NaOCl or H2O2) resulted in more effective reduction of bacterial viability than monotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Grzech-Leśniak
- Laser Laboratory, Department of Oral Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.,Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - B Ross Belvin
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Janina P Lewis
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Janina Golob Deeb
- Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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6
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Nammour S, El Mobadder M, Maalouf E, Namour M, Namour A, Rey G, Matamba P, Matys J, Zeinoun T, Grzech-Leśniak K. Clinical Evaluation of Diode (980 nm) Laser-Assisted Nonsurgical Periodontal Pocket Therapy: A Randomized Comparative Clinical Trial and Bacteriological Study. PHOTOBIOMODULATION PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY 2020; 39:10-22. [PMID: 32865464 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2020.4818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Mechanical debridement is the gold standard in the periodontitis therapy. However, it is suggested that adjunctive use of lasers can result in a more effective treatment outcome. Objective: Evaluate the efficiency of diode laser-assisted nonsurgical therapy of periodontitis as adjunctive to scaling and root planing (SRP). Methods: One hundred sixty vertical bone defects [pocket depth (PD) at baseline ≥6 mm] had been randomly allocated to receive SRP alone (group C) or SRP coupled to a diode laser (980 nm) protocol (group C+L): SRP, irrigation with hydrogen peroxide solution (3%), de-epithelization of the internal and external gingiva followed by blood stabilization, and coagulation by laser beam were made. Beam parameters: 10 μsec/pulse duration, 10 kHz, pick power of 10 W, average power of 1 W, and fiber diameter of 400 μm. Plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing, gingival recession (GR), clinical attachment level (CAL), and PD were measured at baseline, at 6 weeks, 12 weeks, 18 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months. Microbiological data were collected randomly from 26 pockets from both groups at baseline, 6 weeks, 12 weeks, and 6 months after treatment. Results: At all periods of follow-up, there was a significant difference between both groups in all clinical parameters except in GR. In group C+L, 76% of pockets had PD ≤3 mm after 12 months of follow-up and an average of PD = 1.77 ± 0.46 mm, while 56% of pockets in group control (C) had an average of PD = 5.00 ± 0.83 mm after 12 months of follow-up. Total bacteria count in group C + L was significantly lower compared to group C only at 12 weeks and 6 months of follow-up. Furthermore, there was high significant decrease in the number of Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythia, and Prevotella intermedia at all the follow-up periods. Conclusions: As adjunctive to SRP, diode laser-assisted nonsurgical therapy of periodontitis has significantly improved clinical parameters of PI and POB and has significantly reduced the clinical attachment loss (CAL) and PD compared to the control group after 1 year of follow-up. A significant reduction in periodontal pathogens has been observed in group C + L only at 12 weeks and 6 months of follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir Nammour
- Department of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Marwan El Mobadder
- Department of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Elie Maalouf
- Faculty of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Melanie Namour
- Department of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Amaury Namour
- Department of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Gerard Rey
- Service formation continue Universités Paris 7 Garancière et Montpellier UFR, Agde, France
| | - Patrick Matamba
- Department of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Jacek Matys
- Laser Laboratory, Department of Dental Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Toni Zeinoun
- Faculty of Dentistry, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Kinga Grzech-Leśniak
- Laser Laboratory, Department of Dental Surgery, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.,Department of Periodontics, School of Dentistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Er:YAG Laser Irradiation Reduces Microbial Viability When Used in Combination with Irrigation with Sodium Hypochlorite, Chlorhexidine, and Hydrogen Peroxide. Microorganisms 2019; 7:microorganisms7120612. [PMID: 31775309 PMCID: PMC6955693 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms7120612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet (Er:YAG) laser is used to treat periodontal disease; however, its effectiveness at killing oral bacteria is not well known. Furthermore, the compounding effect of the combination of a laser treatment and irrigation methods with antimicrobials on bacterial viability is yet to be determined. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of the Er:YAG laser with irrigation using chlorhexidine (CHX), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), or sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) on the viability of oral bacteria. Three bacterial species were used in our study: Streptococcus gordonii, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Porphyromonas gingivalis. Bacteria were grown in an anaerobic chamber in brain heart infusion broth and incubated at 37 °C. Bacterial samples with an OD of 0.5 were irradiated with the Er:YAG laser at 2940 nm using a 400-µm Varian tip. The experiment was repeated four times using these parameters: 40 mJ, 40 Hz, and 1.6 W for 20 seconds with the 300 µs short pulse duration in contact mode. Treatment groups consisted of the following: (1) no treatment, (2) 0.5% H2O2 alone, (3) 0.5% NaOCl alone, (4) 0.03% CHX alone, (5) Er:YAG irradiation alone, (6) Er:YAG irradiation with 0.5% H2O2, (7) Er:YAG irradiation with 0.5% NaOCl, and (8) Er:YAG irradiation with 0.03% CHX. Microbial viability was determined through plating and colony counts and calculated into CFU/ml. Statistical analysis was done using a two-tailed paired t-test. The use of the Er:YAG laser alone failed to show statistically significant antibacterial activity against any of bacteria. The most effective mono-treatment with irrigation solutions for all three bacteria were 0.5% H2O2 and 0.5% NaOCl (p < 0.001 for each solution). Irrigation with 0.03% CHX was most effective against F. nucleatum (p < 0.01) and less against P. gingivalis and S. gordonii and showed the least antibacterial action alone but improved significantly in combination therapy (p < 0.05). The combined treatment with the Er:YAG showed the greatest and most significant improvement in the reduction of bacterial viability compared to any other treatment group (p < 0.05 for each combined treatment). Irradiation with the Er:YAG laser with the addition of 0.5% H2O2, 0.5% NaOCl, or 0.03% CHX under a short working time (20 s) resulted in a significant reduction of bacterial viability for all three bacterial species compared with any single treatment option. The combination of irradiation with the Er:YAG laser with the addition of 0.5% H2O2, 0.5% NaOCl, or 0.03% CHX resulted in a larger reduction of bacterial survival when compared to monotherapies with antimicrobial solutions or laser. The combination of the Er:YAG laser with a low concentration irrigant solution of 0.5% H2O2, 0.5% NaOCl, or 0.03% CHX could be an effective treatment protocol for the reduction of periodontal pathogens and thus suitable treatment for non-surgical periodontal therapy.
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Shirato M, Nakamura K, Tenkumo T, Kano Y, Ishiyama K, Kanno T, Sasaki K, Niwano Y, Matsuura H. Oral mucosal irritation potential of antimicrobial chemotherapy involving hydrogen peroxide photolysis with high-power laser irradiation for the treatment of periodontitis. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2019; 201:111633. [PMID: 31726378 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2019.111633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we assessed the oral mucosal irritation potential of antimicrobial chemotherapy involving hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) photolysis with a 405-nm laser device at an output power of ≥100 mW in hamsters. Twenty-four cheek pouches from 12 male Syrian hamsters received 7-min treatment with pure water (PW), 3% H2O2, laser irradiation of PW at 100 mW, laser irradiation of 3% H2O2 at 100 mW, laser irradiation of PW at 200 mW, or laser irradiation of 3% H2O2 at 200 mW (n = 4 each). The diameter of the irradiation area was set at 3 mm; accordingly, the calculated irradiances (optical power densities) of the 100- and 200-mW laser lights were approximately 1400 and 2800 mW/cm2, respectively. In addition, 12 cheek pouches from six animals received laser irradiation of 3% H2O2 at 100 mW for 1, 3, or 5 min (n = 4 each). Each treatment was repeated three times at 1-h intervals. Macroscopic and histological changes were evaluated 24 h after the last treatment. In addition, in vitro bactericidal activity of the treatment against periodontal pathogens was evaluated. We found that 405-nm laser irradiation of 3% H2O2 caused moderate to severe oral mucosal irritation when performed at powers of 100 and 200 mW for ≥3 min, while the same treatment performed at 100 mW for 1 min resulted in mild irritation. Moreover, 1-min H2O2 photolysis at 100 mW caused a >4-log decrease in viable bacterial counts. These findings suggest that 1-min H2O2 photolysis, which can effectively kill periodontal pathogens, may be acceptable when a 405-nm laser device is used at 100 mW. However, use of the laser at a lower power would be preferable for the prevention of unnecessary oral mucosal irritation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Midori Shirato
- Department of Advanced Free Radical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan
| | - Keisuke Nakamura
- Department of Advanced Free Radical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan.
| | - Taichi Tenkumo
- Department of Advanced Free Radical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan
| | - Yuki Kano
- Tohoku Gakuin University, 1-13-1 Chuo, Tagajo 9858537, Japan
| | - Kirika Ishiyama
- Department of Advanced Free Radical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan
| | - Taro Kanno
- Department of Advanced Free Radical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan
| | - Keiichi Sasaki
- Department of Advanced Free Radical Science, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan; Division of Advanced Prosthetic Dentistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Dentistry, 4-1 Seiryo-machi,Aoba-ku, Sendai 9808575, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Niwano
- Faculty of Nursing, Shumei University, 1-1 Daigaku-cho, Yachiyo, Chiba 2760003, Japan; Department of Orthopaedics Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 1138510, Japan
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9
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Dutta S, Sengupta P. Age of Laboratory Hamster and Human: Drawing the Connexion. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.13005/bpj/1612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Hamsters have unique physiological characteristics rendering them well-suited for biomedical research as experimental model. They match beneficial traits of both smaller rodents and larger mammals that make them suitable for laboratory use, such as availability, breeding ease, greater tissue proportions and the like. In experimental design, it is inevitable to select laboratory animals of accurate age that can mimic the target human age in a specific research. In this article, we have calculated that one human year equals 13.67 hamster days, considering their entire lifespan. This simplistic calculation may not find universal relevance in biomedical research, given the accelerated non-uniform life stages of hamsters when matched with human. To resolve this issue, this is the first ever article where we have provided a concise perception of hamster days in human years by correlating their age at every major life stage. This article will aid precision in biomedical research via selection of laboratory hamster of accurate age corresponding to human age, which is the most primary and essential criteria in animal based research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulagna Dutta
- Department of Oral Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, MAHSA University, Malaysia
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Malaysia
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10
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Hydroxyl radicals generated by hydrogen peroxide photolysis recondition biofilm-contaminated titanium surfaces for subsequent osteoblastic cell proliferation. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4688. [PMID: 30886168 PMCID: PMC6423011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41126-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Titanium dental implants have been successfully used for decades; however, some implants are affected by peri-implantitis due to bacterial infection, resulting in loss of supporting bone. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of an antimicrobial chemotherapy employing H2O2 photolysis-developed to treat peri-implantitis-on biofilm-contaminated titanium surfaces in association with osteoblastic cell proliferation on the treated surface. Titanium discs were sandblasted and acid-etched, followed by contamination with a three-species biofilm composed of Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Streptococcus mitis. This biofilm model was used as a simplified model of clinical peri-implantitis biofilm. The discs were subjected to ultrasound scaling, followed by H2O2 photolysis, wherein 365-nm LED irradiation of the disc immersed in 3% H2O2 was performed for 5 min. We analysed proliferation of mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) cultured on the treated discs. Compared with intact discs, biofilm contamination lowered cell proliferation on the specimen surface, whereas H2O2 photolysis recovered cell proliferation. Thus, H2O2 photolysis can recover the degraded biocompatibility of biofilm-contaminated titanium surfaces and can potentially be utilised for peri-implantitis treatment. However, to verify the findings of this study in relation to clinical settings, assessment using a more clinically relevant multi-species biofilm model is necessary.
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Nakamura K, Tenkumo T, Mokudai T, Shirato M, Ishiyama K, Kanno T, Sasaki K, Niwano Y. Potential adverse effects of antimicrobial chemotherapy based on ultraviolet-A irradiation of polyphenols against the oral mucosa in hamsters and wounded skin in rats. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2018; 187:96-105. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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