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Brisebois P, Aouinti M, Jafari M, Siaj M, Ouellet-Plamondon C. Adsorption Dynamics of Disodium Octaborate Tetrahydrate on Clay Minerals: Implications for Construction Wood Protection. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2400753. [PMID: 39149783 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
The wood preservative disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT) migration is studied in clay. Using boron analysis by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), DOT spatial and temporal dynamics are surveyed to show how DOT permeates into the wood and the clay using concentration profiles as a function of depth, initial wood moisture, and direction of filling. Atomic force microscopy and chemical imaging using photoinduced force microscopy are used to show the morphology of the wood samples and the distribution of DOT on their surface. ICP-OES results show that the average DOT concentration in the wood samples is originally 0.8 and 1.5 wt% in the bulk and at the surface, respectively. Conditioning of the wood to a moisture content of 19% in a climatic chamber reduces DOT concentration by 8% for the fir and 17% for the spruce. After one week of contact with the clays, the results showed a rapid decrease of 25-40% in DOT concentration in wood. On longer periods (5 months), the spruce shows a tendency to reabsorb the DOT from the clay and the DOT migration stabilizes at 20%. These results contribute to defining the dosage of DOT when the wood is exposed to clay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Brisebois
- Department of Construction Engineering, École de technologie supérieure, Université du Québec, 1100 Notre-Dame St. W., Montreal, QC, H3C 1K3, Canada
| | - Meriam Aouinti
- Department of Construction Engineering, École de technologie supérieure, Université du Québec, 1100 Notre-Dame St. W., Montreal, QC, H3C 1K3, Canada
| | - Maziar Jafari
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, Université du Québec à Montréal, 2101, Montreal, QC, H2X 2J6, Canada
| | - Mohamed Siaj
- Department of Chemistry, Biology, Université du Québec à Montréal, 2101, Montreal, QC, H2X 2J6, Canada
| | - Claudiane Ouellet-Plamondon
- Department of Construction Engineering, École de technologie supérieure, Université du Québec, 1100 Notre-Dame St. W., Montreal, QC, H3C 1K3, Canada
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2
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Giuliani L, Genova C, Stagno V, Paoletti L, Matulac AL, Ciccola A, Di Fazio M, Capuani S, Favero G. Multi-Technique Assessment of Chelators-Loaded PVA-Borax Gel-like Systems Performance in Cleaning of Stone Contaminated with Copper Corrosion Products. Gels 2024; 10:455. [PMID: 39057477 PMCID: PMC11276506 DOI: 10.3390/gels10070455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, one of the most important challenges for the conservation of stone artworks is the removal of metal corrosion products on their surfaces. Traditional cleaning methods, which typically involve the application of aqueous solutions containing chelating agents capable of complexing these metal ions, have shown some weaknesses. These weaknesses become apparent when such methods are applied to statues and other vertical surfaces or when aiming to limit the cleaning process to a specific area with controlled application times. Furthermore, the porosity of the stone surface plays a role concerning the cleaning efficiency. To address these issues, chelating agents can be incorporated into gel-like materials. This study is a proof of concept to evaluate the cleaning efficacy of various gel formulations composed of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), borax (B), and agarose (AG), loaded with two chelators: ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and potassium sodium tartrate (PST or Rochelle salt). Three types of carbonate stones (travertine, Lecce stone, and Carrara marble) characterized by different porosities were artificially stained with copper sulphates and treated with the different PVA-B-AG formulations. The effectiveness of the treatment was directly monitored on the stones using a multi-technique approach that included scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and non-invasive portable nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). Additionally, the rheological properties of the gels were investigated, and the Fourier transform infrared attenuated total reflection spectroscopy (FTIR ATR) was used to analyse the chemical structure of the gel before and after treatment, aiming to understand the changes induced by the cleaning process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Giuliani
- Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.G.); (M.D.F.)
| | - Chiara Genova
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.G.); (A.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Valeria Stagno
- Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.G.); (M.D.F.)
| | - Luca Paoletti
- Department of Chemistry and Technologies of Drug, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Andrea Louise Matulac
- Erasmus Mundus Joint Master’s Degrees Archmat, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Ciccola
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.G.); (A.C.); (G.F.)
| | - Melania Di Fazio
- Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (L.G.); (M.D.F.)
| | - Silvia Capuani
- National Research Council Institute for Complex Systems (CNR-ISC) c/o Physics Department, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Gabriele Favero
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy; (C.G.); (A.C.); (G.F.)
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Xia J, Huang J, Zhang H, Zhang N, Li F, Zhou P, Zhou L, Pu Q. Natural flavonols as probes for direct determination of borax: From conventional fluorescence analysis to paper-based smartphone sensing. Talanta 2024; 274:126053. [PMID: 38599121 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
Borax is strictly regulated in the food processing and pharmaceutical industry due to its physiological toxicity, and the development of a direct analytical method is essential for effectively monitoring the borax abuse. In this work, the fluorescence properties of flavonoids, including flavones, isoflavones and flavonols, were systematically investigated from aqueous to borax solutions, and it was found that the weak intrinsic fluorescence of flavonols could be pervasively sensitized by borax. A natural flavonol, morin, was subsequently chosen as a representative probe to develop a turn-on fluorescence sensing method for borax analysis, which achieved a linear response spanning four orders of magnitude with a detection limit of 1.07 μM (0.22 μg mL-1 in terms of Na2B4O7 content). Furthermore, a smartphone-assisted paper-based test device was designed and constructed by 3D printing technology. Using morin-impregnated test strips as the carrier, the borax could be visually detected by the RGB signals of the captured images, with a detection limit of 0.13 mM (27.05 μg mL-1 for Na2B4O7). Combining ion exchange treatment for food samples and sodium periodate oxidation for drug samples, the developed methods were successfully applied for the direct analysis of borax in various products with the recoveries of 86.9-106.3% for traditional fluorescence analysis and 82.7-108.8% for smartphone-assisted fluorescence sensing. The fluorescence property of the morin-borax system was studied using time-dependent density functional theory, and the sensing mechanism was discussed in conjunction with experimental research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtong Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Jinying Huang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Hairong Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Fengyun Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Panpan Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
| | - Qiaosheng Pu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Liu SY, Chen H, Zhou F, Zheng JP, Zhang JT. Development of an innovative eugenol and borax-based orodispersible film for enhanced treatment of mouth ulcers. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 200:114337. [PMID: 38789062 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Orodispersible films (ODFs) have emerged as an advanced and patient-friendly delivery system due to ease of administration, improved patient compliance, quick release and taste-masking of active pharmaceutical ingredients. This research reports the preparation of the ODF containing eugenol and borax (EB-ODF) by a solvent casting technique for treating mouth ulcers. The EB-ODF consisted of vinyl pyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer (Kollidon® VA64, VA64) and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC-K250) as the film formers where eugenol and borax were loaded. The thickness of the EB-ODF obtained was 0.119 ± 0.001 mm and the tensile strength was 13.1 ± 1.1 N/mm2 (p > 0.05). The prepared films disintegrated in the oral cavity within 30 s and over 90% of the eugenol was released from the film in the first 5 min. Furthermore, the combined application of eugenol and borax, loaded in EB-ODF, displayed notable synergetic antibacterial property against both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. In an in-vivo study on a rat model with chemical burn-induced oral ulcers, the EB-ODF treatment group had a 100% reduction in ulcer area (p > 0.05) after 10 days of treatment and demonstrated a 38.7% higher reduction in oral ulcer area compared to the Dingpeng Cream treatment group (p < 0.0001). The EB-ODF treatment group showed minimal oral irritation, scoring only 1 point and a 65% preference in the taste tests (p < 0.0001). In summary, EB-ODF had successfully overcome the poor palatability of commercially available formulation and provided notable potential for further ulcer treatment product development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yin Liu
- Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Cixi 315302, PR China; Laboratory of Advanced Theranostic Materials and Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, PR China; Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Cixi 315300, PR China
| | - Hui Chen
- Laboratory of Advanced Theranostic Materials and Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, PR China; Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Cixi 315300, PR China
| | - Feng Zhou
- Laboratory of Advanced Theranostic Materials and Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, PR China; Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Cixi 315300, PR China
| | - Jian-Ping Zheng
- Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Cixi 315302, PR China; Laboratory of Advanced Theranostic Materials and Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, PR China; Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Cixi 315300, PR China.
| | - Jian-Tao Zhang
- Laboratory of Advanced Theranostic Materials and Technology, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, PR China; Ningbo Cixi Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Cixi 315300, PR China.
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Demircan B, Velioglu YS, Giuffrè AM. Effects of washing with boric acid solutions on residual boric acid content, microbiological load, and quality of fresh-cut spinach. Heliyon 2024; 10:e31974. [PMID: 38845991 PMCID: PMC11152976 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e31974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Insufficient disinfection of fresh-cut spinach poses significant health risks, along with potential issues like odor, color changes, and softening during short-term storage. To address these challenges, boric acid solutions were explored as an alternative to chlorine washes, which are known to produce toxic compounds. Among various concentrations, 1 % boric acid exhibited the most effective microbial inactivation, leading to substantial reductions in total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, total yeast and mold, and Enterobacteriaceae counts, with reductions of 1.64, 1.38, and 1.77 logs, respectively. Additionally, washing spinach leaves with this solution for 1 min maintained quality parameters, with enhanced antioxidant activity (55.26 mg kg-1 Trolox equivalent), increased total phenolic content (1214.06 mg kg-1 gallic acid equivalent), retention of chlorophyll a (839.16 mg kg-1), chlorophyll b (539.61 mg kg-1) and ascorbic acid content (264.72 mg kg-1). Mechanical properties such as puncture strength (1.81 N) and puncture distance (52.78 mm) also showed favorable outcomes, alongside optimal moisture content at 89.81 %. Notably, residual boric acid content was lowest in spinach leaves (1252.49 mg kg-1) and highest in the wash water (53.88 mg kg-1) after treatment. Scanning electron microscopy images demonstrated maintained tissue integrity, while Hunter Lab readings indicated minimal color changes post-washing. Additionally, sensory evaluations and various physicochemical analyses further supported the efficacy of boric acid washing. Consequently, washing spinach leaves with a 1 % boric acid solution for 1 min yielded favorable results across multiple quality parameters. These findings suggest the potential of boric acid as a safe and effective alternative disinfectant in the fresh-cut produce industry, highlighting its practical implications for food safety and quality. Future research should focus on exploring long-term effects and optimizing washing protocols for broader applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahar Demircan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Yakup Sedat Velioglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Angelo Maria Giuffrè
- Department of AGRARIA, Università degli Studi Mediterranea, di Reggio Calabria, Italy
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Jabbar AAJ, Alamri ZZ, Abdulla MA, Salehen NA, Ibrahim IAA, Hassan RR, Almaimani G, Bamagous GA, Almaimani RA, Almasmoum HA, Ghaith MM, Farrash WF, Almutawif YA. Boric Acid (Boron) Attenuates AOM-Induced Colorectal Cancer in Rats by Augmentation of Apoptotic and Antioxidant Mechanisms. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:2702-2719. [PMID: 37770673 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03864-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Boric acid (BA) is a naturally occurring weak Lewis acid containing boron, oxygen, and hydrogen elements that can be found in water, soil, and plants. Because of its numerous biological potentials including anti-proliferation actions, the present investigates the chemopreventive possessions of BA on azoxymethane (AOM)-induced colonic aberrant crypt foci (ACF) in rats. Thirty laboratory rats were divided into 5 groups: negative control (A) received two subcutaneous inoculations of normal saline and nourished on 10% Tween 20; groups B-E had two injections of 15 mg/kg azoxymethane followed by ingestion of 10% Tween 20 (B, cancer control), inoculation with intraperitoneal 35 mg/kg 5-fluorouracil injection (C, reference group), or ingested with boric acid 30 mg/kg (D) and 60 mg/kg (E). The gross morphology results showed significantly increased total colonic ACF in cancer controls, while BA treatment caused a significant reduction of ACF values. Histopathological evaluation of colons from cancer controls showed bizarrely elongated nuclei, stratified cells, and higher depletion of the submucosal glands than that of BA-treated groups. Boric acid treatment up-surged the pro-apoptotic (Bax) expression and reduced anti-apoptotic (Bcl-2) protein expressions. Moreover, BA ingestion caused upregulation of antioxidant enzymes (GPx, SOD, CAT), and lowered MDA contents in colon tissue homogenates. Boric acid-treated rats had significantly lower pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α and IL-6) and higher anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-10) based on serum analysis. The colorectal cancer attenuation by BA is shown by the reduced ACF numbers, anticipated by its regulatory potentials on the apoptotic proteins, antioxidants, and inflammatory cytokines originating from AOM-induced oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed A J Jabbar
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Erbil Technical Health and Medical College, Erbil Polytechnic University, Erbil, 44001, Iraq.
| | - Zaenah Zuhair Alamri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mahmood Ameen Abdulla
- Department of Medical Microbiology, College of Science, Cihan University-Erbil, Erbil, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
| | - Nur Ain Salehen
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ibrahim Abdel Aziz Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rawaz Rizgar Hassan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Knowledge University, Kirkuk Road, Erbil, 44001, Iraq
| | - Ghassan Almaimani
- Department of surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Al Abdeyah, PO Box 7607, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghazi A Bamagous
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyad A Almaimani
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussain A Almasmoum
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen M Ghaith
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wesam F Farrash
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Umm Al- Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya A Almutawif
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, 42353, Saudi Arabia
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Ertürk Gürkan S, Gürkan M, Sarıtunç V, İbiş EC, Güneş B. Evaluation of Possible Toxic Effects of Boric Acid in Palourde Clam (Ruditapes decussatus) Through Histological Changes and Oxidative Responses. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024:10.1007/s12011-024-04230-4. [PMID: 38743317 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-024-04230-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The extensive utilization of boric acid, particularly in industrial and agricultural sectors, also engenders concerns regarding the toxicity of boron and its derivatives. Particularly, the behavior of boric acid at increasing concentrations in aquatic ecosystems remains poorly understood. In light of these concerns, this study aimed to investigate the toxicity of boric acid in bivalves, which occupy a critical position in the food chain. Specimens of Ruditapes decussatus, which had not been previously exposed to any pollutants and were cultivated under controlled conditions, were subjected to three different concentrations of boric acid (0.05 mg/L, 0.5 mg/L, and 5 mg/L) in vitro for 96 h. Following the exposure period, the specimens were assessed for histological changes (the mantle, gill, and digestive gland) and specific oxidative parameters (the gill and digestive gland), including superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase, and lipid peroxidation (LPO). The research findings indicated that boric acid primarily induced oxidative damage at the applied concentrations and increased antioxidant levels (p < 0.05). Moreover, although no significant histopathological abnormalities were observed in the examined histological sections, subtle changes were noted. This study evaluated the potential adverse effects of boric acid on bivalves, which are crucial components of the aquatic food chain, utilizing histological and specific physiological parameters following its introduction into aquatic environments. It is anticipated that the findings of this study will contribute to the development of new insights and perspectives regarding the extensive use of boric acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selin Ertürk Gürkan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey.
| | - Mert Gürkan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Volkan Sarıtunç
- School of Graduate Studies, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Can İbiş
- School of Graduate Studies, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
| | - Berkay Güneş
- School of Graduate Studies, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey
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Forma A, Grunwald A, Zembala P, Januszewski J, Brachet A, Zembala R, Świątek K, Baj J. Micronutrient Status and Breast Cancer: A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4968. [PMID: 38732186 PMCID: PMC11084730 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, at the same time being one of the most prevalent causes of women's death. Many factors such as alcohol, weight fluctuations, or hormonal replacement therapy can potentially contribute to breast cancer development and progression. Another important factor in breast cancer onset includes micronutrient status. In this narrative review, we analyzed 23 micronutrients and their possible influence on breast cancer onset and progression. Further, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of micronutrient status on the prevention of breast cancer and its possible influence on various therapeutic pathways. We researched meta-analyses, systemic and narrative reviews, retrospective studies, as well as original studies on human and animal models. The results of these studies indicate a possible correlation between the different levels of micronutrients and a decreased risk of breast cancer as well as a better survival rate. However, further studies are necessary to establish adequate doses of supplementation of the chosen micronutrients and the exact mechanisms of micronutrient impact on breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Forma
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Arkadiusz Grunwald
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Patryk Zembala
- Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1A, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jacek Januszewski
- Department of Correct, Clinical and Imaging Anatomy, Chair of Fundamental Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.J.); (K.Ś.); (J.B.)
| | - Adam Brachet
- Chair and Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 8b, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (A.G.); (A.B.)
| | - Roksana Zembala
- Faculty of Medicine, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University in Warsaw, Wóycickiego 1/3, 01-938 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Kamila Świątek
- Department of Correct, Clinical and Imaging Anatomy, Chair of Fundamental Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.J.); (K.Ś.); (J.B.)
| | - Jacek Baj
- Department of Correct, Clinical and Imaging Anatomy, Chair of Fundamental Sciences, Medical University of Lublin, Jaczewskiego 4, 20-090 Lublin, Poland; (J.J.); (K.Ś.); (J.B.)
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Grams RJ, Santos WL, Scorei IR, Abad-García A, Rosenblum CA, Bita A, Cerecetto H, Viñas C, Soriano-Ursúa MA. The Rise of Boron-Containing Compounds: Advancements in Synthesis, Medicinal Chemistry, and Emerging Pharmacology. Chem Rev 2024; 124:2441-2511. [PMID: 38382032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Boron-containing compounds (BCC) have emerged as important pharmacophores. To date, five BCC drugs (including boronic acids and boroles) have been approved by the FDA for the treatment of cancer, infections, and atopic dermatitis, while some natural BCC are included in dietary supplements. Boron's Lewis acidity facilitates a mechanism of action via formation of reversible covalent bonds within the active site of target proteins. Boron has also been employed in the development of fluorophores, such as BODIPY for imaging, and in carboranes that are potential neutron capture therapy agents as well as novel agents in diagnostics and therapy. The utility of natural and synthetic BCC has become multifaceted, and the breadth of their applications continues to expand. This review covers the many uses and targets of boron in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Justin Grams
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, 900 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Webster L Santos
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, 900 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | | | - Antonio Abad-García
- Academia de Fisiología y Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Carol Ann Rosenblum
- Department of Chemistry and Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, Virginia Tech, 900 West Campus Drive, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Andrei Bita
- Department of Pharmacognosy & Phytotherapy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, 2 Petru Rareş Street, 200349 Craiova, Romania
| | - Hugo Cerecetto
- Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Mataojo 2055, 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Clara Viñas
- Institut de Ciència de Materials de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC), Campus UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Marvin A Soriano-Ursúa
- Academia de Fisiología y Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Plan de San Luis y Díaz Mirón s/n, 11340 Mexico City, Mexico
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Tirado N, Mamani J, De Loma J, Ascui F, Broberg K, Gardon J. Genotoxicity in humans exposed to arsenic, lithium, and boron in drinking water in the Bolivian Andes-A cross sectional study. ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS 2024; 65:121-128. [PMID: 38385761 DOI: 10.1002/em.22587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
Elevated concentrations of arsenic, lithium and boron in drinking water have already been reported in Bolivia. Arsenic is known to cause genotoxicity but that caused by lithium and boron is less well known. The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to evaluate potential genotoxic effects of exposure to arsenic, while considering exposure to lithium and boron and genetic susceptibility. Women (n = 230) were recruited in villages located around Lake Poopó. Exposure to arsenic was determined as the sum of concentrations of arsenic metabolites inorganic arsenic, monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) in urine. Exposure to lithium and boron was determined based on their concentrations in urine. Genetic susceptibility was determined by GSTM1 (glutathione S-transferase-mu-1) and GSTT1 (glutathione S-transferase-theta-1) null genotypes and AS3MT (Arsenite Methyltransferase) rs3740393. Genotoxicity was measured in peripheral blood leukocytes using the comet assay. The geometric means of arsenic, lithium, and boron concentrations were 68, 897, and 3972 μg/L, respectively. GSTM1 and GSTT1 null carriers had more DNA strand breaks than gene carriers (p = .008, p = .005). We found no correlation between urinary arsenic and DNA strand breaks (rS = .03, p = .64), and only a weak non-significant positive association in the adjusted multivariate analysis (β = .09 [-.03; .22], p = .14). Surprisingly, increasing concentrations of lithium in urine were negatively correlated with DNA strand breaks (rS = -.24, p = .0006), and the association persisted in multivariate analysis after adjusting for arsenic (β = -.22 [-.36; -.08], p = .003). We found no association between boron and DNA strand breaks. The apparent protective effect of lithium merits further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Tirado
- Genetics Institute, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Josué Mamani
- Genetics Institute, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Jessica De Loma
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Franz Ascui
- Programa de salud familiar comunitaria e Intercultural del Ministerio de Salud de, Oruro, Bolivia
| | - Karin Broberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jacques Gardon
- Hydrosciences Montpellier, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Montpellier, France
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Li Q, Yang Y, Wang Q, Han X, Zhu J, Zhang N, Wang Q, Li K, Gong P, Chen F. 11B NMR of the Morphological Evolution of Traditional Chinese Medicine Borax. Molecules 2024; 29:251. [PMID: 38202834 PMCID: PMC10780283 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29010251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This article applies nuclear magnetic resonance technology to the study of boron-containing traditional Chinese medicine, in order to explore the morphological evolution of boron elements in traditional Chinese medicine. Borax is a traditional Chinese medicine with anti-corrosion, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and anticonvulsant effects. It is made by boiling, removing stones, and drying borax minerals like borate salts. This article introduces an 11B nuclear magnetic resonance method for identifying and characterizing boron-containing compounds in TCM. We applied this technology to borax aqueous solutions in different chemical environments and found that with boron mixed in the form of SP2 hybridization in equilateral triangles and SP3 hybridization in equilateral tetrahedra, the pH changes in alkaline environments significantly affected the ratio of the two. At the same time, it was found that in addition to the raw material peak, boron signals of other boron-containing compounds were also detected in 20 commercially available boron-containing TCM preparations. These new boron-containing compounds may be true pharmaceutical active ingredients, and adding them directly to the formula can improve quality and safety. This article describes the detection of 11B NMR in boron-containing traditional Chinese medicine preparations. It is simple, non-destructive, and can provide chemical fingerprint studies for boron-containing traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiulin Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710054, China; (Q.L.)
| | - Yawen Yang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710054, China; (Q.L.)
| | - Qingfeng Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710054, China; (Q.L.)
| | - Xiang Han
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710054, China; (Q.L.)
| | - Junfeng Zhu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710054, China; (Q.L.)
| | - Qiuhong Wang
- Department of Safety Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Kanshe Li
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710054, China; (Q.L.)
| | - Pin Gong
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710021, China
| | - Fuxin Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an University of Science & Technology, Xi’an 710054, China; (Q.L.)
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12
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Yang Y, Yang Y, Li X, Zhang S, Li S, Ren M. Effects of Boron on Fat Synthesis in Porcine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Biol Trace Elem Res 2024; 202:190-198. [PMID: 37103639 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-023-03663-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of boron on porcine mammary epithelial cells (PMECs) survival, cell cycle, and milk fat synthesis. PMECs from boron-treated groups were exposed to 0-80 mmol/L boric acid concentrations. Cell counting kit-8 and flow cytometry assays were performed to assess cell survival and the cell cycle, respectively. Triacylglycerol (TAG) levels in PMECs and culture medium were determined by a triacylglycerol kit while PMECs lipid droplet aggregation was investigated via oil red staining. Milk fat synthesis-associated mRNA levels were determined by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) while its protein expressions were determined by Western blot. Low (0.2, 0.3, 0.4 mmol/L) and high (> 10 mmol/L) boron concentrations significantly promoted and inhibited cell viabilities, respectively. Boron (0.3 mmol/L) markedly elevated the abundance of G2/M phase cells. Ten mmol/L boron significantly increased the abundances of G0/G1 and S phase cells, but markedly suppressed G2/M phase cell abundance. At 0.3 mmol/L, boron significantly enhanced ERK phosphorylation while at 0.4, 0.8, 1, and 10 mmol/L, it markedly decreased lipid droplet diameters. Boron (10 mmol/L) significantly suppressed ACACA and SREBP1 protein expressions. The FASN protein levels were markedly suppressed by 0.4, 0.8, 1, and 10 mmol/L boron. Both 1 and 10 mmol/L markedly decreased FASN and SREBP1 mRNA expressions. Ten mmol/L boron significantly decreased PPARα mRNA levels. Low concentrations of boron promoted cell viability, while high concentrations inhibited PMECS viabilities and reduced lipid droplet diameters, which shows the implications of boron in pregnancy and lactation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanan Yang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, No.9 Donghua Road, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, 233100, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, No.9 Donghua Road, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, 233100, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Yang
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, No.9 Donghua Road, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, 233100, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, No.9 Donghua Road, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, 233100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojin Li
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, No.9 Donghua Road, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, 233100, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, No.9 Donghua Road, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, 233100, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihai Zhang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou Province, 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Shenghe Li
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, No.9 Donghua Road, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, 233100, People's Republic of China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, No.9 Donghua Road, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, 233100, People's Republic of China
| | - Man Ren
- College of Animal Science, Anhui Science and Technology University, No.9 Donghua Road, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, 233100, People's Republic of China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Regulation and Health, No.9 Donghua Road, Fengyang County, Anhui Province, 233100, People's Republic of China.
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Chen Y, Fan Y, Huang Y, Liao X, Xu W, Zhang T. A comprehensive review of toxicity of coal fly ash and its leachate in the ecosystem. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 269:115905. [PMID: 38171230 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Coal fly ash (CFA), a byproduct of coal combustion, is a hazardous industrial solid waste. Its excessive global production, coupled with improper disposal practices, insufficient utilization and limited awareness of its inherent hazards, poses a significant threat to both ecological environment and human health. Based on the physicochemical properties of CFA and its leachates, we elucidate the forms of CFA and potential pathways for its entry into the human body, as well as the leaching behavior, maximum tolerance and biological half-life of toxic elements present in CFA. Furthermore, we provide an overview of current strategies and methods for mitigating the leaching of these harmful elements from CFA. Moreover, we systemically summarize toxic effect of CFA on organisms across various tiers of complexity, analyze epidemiological findings concerning the human health implications resulting from CFA exposure, and delve into the biotoxicological mechanisms of CFA and its leachates at cellular and molecular levels. This review aims to enhance understanding of the potential toxicity of CFA, thereby promoting increased public awareness regarding the disposal and management of this industrial waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Material and Device, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China; Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Yingjie Fan
- Chongqing Research Center for Jialing River Development, Institute of Intelligent Manufacturing and Automotive, Chongqing Technology and Business Institute, Chongqing 401520, China
| | - Yu Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Material and Device, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China; Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Xiaoling Liao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Material and Device, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China; Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China
| | - Wenfeng Xu
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Material and Device, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China; Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China.
| | - Tao Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Nano/Micro Composite Material and Device, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China; Chongqing Engineering Laboratory of Nano/Micro Biomedical Detection, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Chongqing University of Science and Technology, Chongqing 401331, China; Key Laboratory for Biorheological Science and Technology of Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China; JINSHAN Science & Technology (Group) Co., Ltd., Chongqing 401120, China.
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14
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Sun Y, Shi F, Tian R, Zhao X, Li Q, Song C, Du Y, He X, Fu J. Fabrication of versatile polyvinyl alcohol and carboxymethyl cellulose-based hydrogels for information hiding and flexible sensors: Heat-induced adjustable stiffness and transparency. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126950. [PMID: 37729995 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
With the growing demand for wearable electronics, designing biocompatible hydrogels that combine self-repairability, wide operating temperature and precise sensing ability offers a promising scheme. Herein, by interpenetrating naturally derived carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) into a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) gel matrix, a novel hydrogel is successfully developed via simple coordination with calcium chloride (CaCl2). The chelation of CMC and Ca2+ is applied as a second crosslinking mechanism to stabilize the hydrogel at relatively high temperature (95 °C). In particular, it has unique heat-induced healing behavior and unexpected tunable stiffness & transparency. Like the sea cucumber, the gel can transform between a stiffened state and a relaxed state (nearly 23 times modulated stiffness from 453 to 20 kPa) which originates from the reconstruction of the crystallites. The adjustable transparency enables the hydrogel to become an excellent information hiding material. Due to the presence of Ca2+, the hydrogels show favorable conductivity, anti-freezing and long-term stability. Based on the advantages, a self-powered sensor, where chemical energy is converted to electrical energy, is assembled for human motion detection. The low-cost, environmentally friendly strategy, at the same time, complies to the "green" chemistry concept with the full employment of the biopolymers. Therefore, the proposed hydrogel is deemed to find potential use in wearable sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanna Sun
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Sensing Fiber and Irregular Shape Weaving Technology (China National Textile and Apparel Council), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, No.19 Jinhua South Road, Xi'an 710048, China.
| | - Fenling Shi
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Sensing Fiber and Irregular Shape Weaving Technology (China National Textile and Apparel Council), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, No.19 Jinhua South Road, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Ruobing Tian
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Sensing Fiber and Irregular Shape Weaving Technology (China National Textile and Apparel Council), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, No.19 Jinhua South Road, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Xiaoliang Zhao
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Sensing Fiber and Irregular Shape Weaving Technology (China National Textile and Apparel Council), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, No.19 Jinhua South Road, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Qingshan Li
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Sensing Fiber and Irregular Shape Weaving Technology (China National Textile and Apparel Council), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, No.19 Jinhua South Road, Xi'an 710048, China.
| | - Chen Song
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Sensing Fiber and Irregular Shape Weaving Technology (China National Textile and Apparel Council), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, No.19 Jinhua South Road, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Ying Du
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Sensing Fiber and Irregular Shape Weaving Technology (China National Textile and Apparel Council), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, No.19 Jinhua South Road, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Xinhai He
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Textile Composites, Key Laboratory of Functional Textile Sensing Fiber and Irregular Shape Weaving Technology (China National Textile and Apparel Council), School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi'an Polytechnic University, No.19 Jinhua South Road, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Jun Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, No. 135, Xingang Xi Road, Guangzhou 510275, China.
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15
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Boyuk G, Dolu N, Aksoy B. Effect of Boron on Sympathetic Skin Response in Rats. Indian J Dermatol 2023; 68:723. [PMID: 38371583 PMCID: PMC10868984 DOI: 10.4103/ijd.ijd_7_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Boron effects on reproduction and growth have been extensively studied in animals. Electrodermal activity (EDA) reflects the activity of eccrine sweat glands stimulated by the release of acetylcholine from sympathetic nerves. Aim In the presen study, it was aimed to examine the effect of boron, which was turned into cream, on sweat glands. Methods A cream form mixed with thyme oil was prepared for EDA recording. Our groups were formed as EDA recording gel (Group 1), cream with thyme oil (Group 2), cream containing 10% boron (Group 3) and cream containing 30% boron (Group 4). In each group, 3 months old, 10 male rats were used, and creams were applied to the soles of the hind extremities of the rats, EDA was recorded from this region after half an hour, and skin conductivity levels (SCL) were recorded as tonic (at rest) and phasic (with auditory sound stimulation). Results EDA results recorded in the morning were analysed with tonic and phasic recordings. In the morning SCL measurements, tonic SCL value of Group 4 was higher than the other groups (P < 0.001). Although the phasic SCL value was measured, it was significantly higher in Group 4 than in all groups (P < 0.0s). Conclusion EDA measurements showed that boron increased sweat gland activity by increasing sympathetic nerve activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulbahar Boyuk
- From the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Medipol University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nazan Dolu
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul Nisantasi University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Busra Aksoy
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey
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Kaiser F, Schröter L, Wohlfahrt P, Geroneit I, Murek J, Stahlhut P, Weichhold J, Ignatius A, Gbureck U. Exploring the potential of magnesium oxychloride, an amorphous magnesium phosphate, and newberyite as possible bone cement candidates. J Biomater Appl 2023; 38:438-454. [PMID: 37525613 PMCID: PMC10494481 DOI: 10.1177/08853282231190908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium phosphate-based bone cements, particularly struvite (MgNH4PO4∙6H2O)-forming cements, have attracted increased scientific interest in recent years because they exhibit similar biocompatibility to hydroxyapatite while degrading much more rapidly in vivo. However, other magnesium-based minerals which might be promising are, to date, little studied. Therefore, in this study, we investigated three magnesium-based bone cements: a magnesium oxychloride cement (Mg3(OH)5Cl∙4H2O), an amorphous magnesium phosphate cement based on Mg3(PO4)2, MgO, and NaH2PO4, and a newberyite cement (MgHPO4·3H2O). Because it is not sufficiently clear from the literature to what extent these cements are suitable for clinical use, all of them were characterized and optimized regarding setting time, setting temperature, compressive strength and passive degradation in phosphate-buffered saline. Because the in vitro properties of the newberyite cement were most promising, it was orthotopically implanted into a partially weight-bearing tibial bone defect in sheep. The cement exhibited excellent biocompatibility and degraded more rapidly compared to a hydroxyapatite reference cement; after 4 months, 18% of the cement was degraded. We conclude that the newberyite cement was the most promising candidate of the investigated cements and has clear advantages over calcium phosphate cements, especially in terms of setting time and degradation behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Kaiser
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Lena Schröter
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Philipp Wohlfahrt
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Isabel Geroneit
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jérôme Murek
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Philipp Stahlhut
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan Weichhold
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Anita Ignatius
- Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics, Ulm University Medical Center, Ulm, Germany
| | - Uwe Gbureck
- Department for Functional Materials in Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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17
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Hayal TB, Doğan A, Şenkal S, Bulut E, Şişli HB, Şahin F. Evaluation of the effect of boron derivatives on cardiac differentiation of mouse pluripotent stem cells. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 79:127258. [PMID: 37451093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The heart is one of the first organs to form during embryonic development and has a very important place. So much that the formation of a functional heart is completed on the 55th day of human development and the 15th day of mouse development. Myocardial, endocardial and epicardial cells, which are derived from the mesoderm layer, are the cells that form the basis of the heart. Cardiac development, like other embryonic developments, is tightly controlled and regulated by various signaling pathways. The WNT signaling pathway is the most studied of these signaling pathways and the one with the clearest relationship with heart development. It is known that boron compounds and the Wnt/β-catenin pathway are highly correlated. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of boron compounds in heart development as well as its effect on pluripotency of mouse embryonic stem cells for the first time in the literature. METHODS Toxicity of boron compounds was evaluated by using MTS analysis and obtained results were supported by morphological pictures, Trypan Blue staining and Annexin V staining. Additionally, the possible boron-related change in pluripotency of embryonic stem cells were analyzed with alkaline phosphatase activity and immunocytochemical staining of Oct4 protein as well as gene expression levels of pluripotency related OCT4, SOX2 and KLF4 genes. The alterations in the embryonic body formation capacity of mouse embryonic stem cells due to the application boron derivatives were also evaluated. Three linage differentiation was conducted to clarify the real impact of boron compounds on embryonic development. Lastly, cardiac differentiation of mESCs was investigated by using morphological pictures, cytosolic calcium measurement, gene expression and immunocytochemical analysis of cardiac differentiation related genes and in the presence of boron compounds. RESULTS Obtained results show that boron treatment maintains the pluripotency of embryonic stem cells at non-toxic concentrations. Additionally, endodermal, and mesodermal fate was found to be triggered after boron treatment. Also, initiation of cardiomyocyte differentiation by boron derivative treatments caused an increased gene expression levels of cardiac differentiation related TNNT2, Nkx2.5 and ISL-1 gene expression levels. CONCLUSION This study indicates that boron application, which is responsible for maintaining pluripotency of mESCs, can be used for increased cardiomyocyte differentiation of mESCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taha Bartu Hayal
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey; Current affiliation: Translational Stem Cell Biology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, United States.
| | - Ayşegül Doğan
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Selinay Şenkal
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ezgi Bulut
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hatice Burcu Şişli
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Şahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul, Turkey
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18
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Alak G, Ucar A, Parlak V, Turkez H, Kocaman EM, Atamanalp M, Abd El-Aty AM. Effect of coating with chitosan enriched with different borates on the shelf life of fish fillet. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:4340-4350. [PMID: 36782090 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In this study, the effects of biofilm coatings obtained by immobilization of different borates - namely borax (BX), colemanite (COL), and ulexite (UX) - with chitosan (Ch) on the shelf life of rainbow trout fillets were investigated. The immobilization and characterization of borates in Ch were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and zeta potential analysis. In determining the shelf life of fillets that were covered by immersion and stored for 15 days, microbiological (total aerobic mesophilic, psychrotrophic, lactic acid, Pseudomonas, and Enterobacteriaceae bacteria counts) and chemical analyses (total volatile basic nitrogen, thiobarbituric acid reactive substance, and pH levels) were performed at 3 day periodic intervals. In addition, the biodegradation of borates was determined using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in biofilm-coated fillets on the 1st, 8th, and 15th storage days. RESULTS The microbial results of the coatings enriched with borates (BX, COL, and UX) at different levels (0, 0.03, and 0.06 mg L-1 ) (due to the immobilization with Ch) show the shelf life was extended by 3-6 days in all of the treatment groups compared with the control. CONCLUSION It was concluded that BX, COL, and UX coatings enriched by immobilization with Ch increase shelf life and improve fillet quality. In addition, the enrichment of BX, COL, and UX with Ch showed explicit natural protective effects. This study demonstrates that Ch-enriched coatings of BX, COL, and UX can be used as natural bioactive nanocarriers to provide bioactive food ingredients in the seafood processing industry. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonca Alak
- Department of Seafood Processing Technology, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Arzu Ucar
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Veysel Parlak
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hasan Turkez
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Esat Mahmut Kocaman
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Atamanalp
- Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - A M Abd El-Aty
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
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19
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Xu J, Hsu SH. Self-healing hydrogel as an injectable implant: translation in brain diseases. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:43. [PMID: 37340481 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00939-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering biomaterials are aimed to mimic natural tissue and promote new tissue formation for the treatment of impaired or diseased tissues. Highly porous biomaterial scaffolds are often used to carry cells or drugs to regenerate tissue-like structures. Meanwhile, self-healing hydrogel as a category of smart soft hydrogel with the ability to automatically repair its own structure after damage has been developed for various applications through designs of dynamic crosslinking networks. Due to flexibility, biocompatibility, and ease of functionalization, self-healing hydrogel has great potential in regenerative medicine, especially in restoring the structure and function of impaired neural tissue. Recent researchers have developed self-healing hydrogel as drug/cell carriers or tissue support matrices for targeted injection via minimally invasive surgery, which has become a promising strategy in treating brain diseases. In this review, the development history of self-healing hydrogel for biomedical applications and the design strategies according to different crosslinking (gel formation) mechanisms are summarized. The current therapeutic progress of self-healing hydrogels for brain diseases is described as well, with an emphasis on the potential therapeutic applications validated by in vivo experiments. The most recent aspect as well as the design rationale of self-healing hydrogel for different brain diseases is also addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junpeng Xu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Shan-Hui Hsu
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road, Taipei, 106319, Taiwan, Republic of China.
- Institute of Cellular and System Medicine, National Health Research Institutes, No. 35 Keyan Road, Miaoli, 350401, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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20
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Şahin E, Orhan C, Erten F, Şahin F, Şahin N, Şahin K. The effect of different boron compounds on nutrient digestibility, intestinal nutrient transporters, and liver lipid metabolism. Turk J Med Sci 2023; 53:619-629. [PMID: 37476906 PMCID: PMC10387887 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0144.5624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gastrointestinal health is essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Improving nutrient absorption and energy metabolism are the critical targets for intestinal health. This study aimed to determine the effects of different boron (B) derivatives on nutrient digestibility, intestinal nutrient transporters, and lipid metabolism in rats. METHODS Twenty-one rats were allocated to three groups (n = 7) as follows: (i) Control, (ii) Sodium pentaborate pentahydrate (SPP), and (iii) boric acid (BA). The rats were fed a chow diet (AIN-93M) and supplemented with 8 mg/kg elemental B from SPP (45.2 mg/kg BW) and BA (42.7 mg/kg BW) via oral gavage every other day for 12 weeks. The nutrient digestibility of rats in each group was measured using the indigestible indicator (chromium oxide, Cr2 O3, 0.20%). At the end of the experiment, animals were decapitated by cervical dislocation and jejunum, and liver samples were taken from each animal. The nutrient transporters and lipid-regulated transcription factors were determined by RT-PCR. RESULTS The nutrient digestibility (except for ash) was increased by SPP and BA supplementation (p < 0.05). SPP and BA-supplemented rats had higher jejunal glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1), GLUT2, GLUT5, sodium-dependent glucose transporter 1 (SGLT1), fatty acid transport protein-1 (FATP1), and FATP4 mRNA expression levels compared to nonsupplemented rats (p < 0.0001). BA-supplemented rats had remarkably higher peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) levels than nonsupplemented rats (p < 0.0001). In contrast, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c), liver X receptor alpha (LxR-α), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) levels decreased by SPP supplementation compared to other groups (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION SPP and BA administration enhanced nutrient digestibility, intestinal nutrient transporters, and liver lipid metabolism in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emre Şahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bingöl University, Bingöl, Turkey
| | - Cemal Orhan
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Füsun Erten
- Department of Veterinary Science, Pertek Sakine Genç Vocational School, Munzur University, Tunceli, Turkey
| | - Fikrettin Şahin
- Department of Genetics and Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Yeditepe University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nurhan Şahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
| | - Kazim Şahin
- Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ, Turkey
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21
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Xu B, Dong F, Yang P, Wang Z, Yan M, Fang J, Zhang Y. Boric Acid Inhibits RANKL-Stimulated Osteoclastogenesis In Vitro and Attenuates LPS-Induced Bone Loss In Vivo. Biol Trace Elem Res 2023; 201:1388-1397. [PMID: 35397103 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-022-03231-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Boron and boric acid (BA) can promote osteogenic differentiation and reduce bone resorption, which controls bone growth and maintenance of bone tissue. It has been reported that BA activates PERK-eIF2α signaling to induce cytoplasmic stress granules and cell senescence in human prostate DU-145 cells. However, whether BA can affect osteoclasts formation and LPS-induced inflammatory bone loss, and the role of the PERK-eIF2α pathway in the process, remains unknown. In vitro, RAW264.7 cells were pre-treated with boric acid (BA, 1, 10, 100 μmol/L) for 4 h, and then incubated with receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL, 50 ng/mL) in the presence or absence of BA for 5 days. CCK-8 and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) were used to examine cell viability, osteoclastogenesis, and bone resorption; quantitative real-time PCR was performed to examine mRNA levels of c-Fos, nuclear factor of activated T cells, cytoplasmic 1 (NFATc1), TRAP, and cathepsin K; western blotting was used to examine protein expressions of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78), protein kinase R (PKR)-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), phosphorylated PERK (p-PERK), eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (eIF2α), and phosphorylated eIF2α (p-eIF2α). In vivo, lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bone loss model in mice was established, and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) scanning, bone biochemical analysis, and osteoclastogenic cytokines were detected to evaluate the effect of BA on LPS-induced bone loss. In our vitro results showed that BA treatment for 5 days inhibited osteoclasts formation as well as osteoclastic bone resorption in a dose-dependent manner. The expression of osteoclasts marker genes c-Fos, NFATc1, TRAP, and cathepsin K were attenuated by BA. Immunoblotting analysis demonstrated that BA attenuated RANKL-induced PERK-eIF2α pathway activation. The in vivo data indicated that BA significantly prevented lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced bone loss. Our findings strongly suggest that BA may be a promising agent for the treatment of bone destructive diseases caused by excessive osteoclastogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingbing Xu
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - Fanhe Dong
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Yang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zihan Wang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Yan
- School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, 1158 2nd Avenue, Hangzhou, 310018, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Fang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Zhang
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Huancheng West Road 508, Shaoxing, 312000, People's Republic of China.
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22
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Effects of Boron-Containing Compounds on Liposoluble Hormone Functions. INORGANICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics11020084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Boron-containing compounds (BCC), particularly boronic acids and derivatives, are being increasingly tested as diagnostic and therapeutic agents. Some effects of BCC involve phenomena linked to the action of steroid or thyroid hormones; among these, are the effects on muscle mass or basal metabolism. Additionally, some toxicology reports on mammals, including humans, sound an alert concerning damage to several systems, among which are the negative effects on the induction of male infertility. Systemic and local mechanisms to explain changes in metabolism and impaired fertility were collected and presented. Then, we presented the putative pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic mechanisms involved and demonstrated in these events. In addition, it is proposed that there are adducts of some oxygenated BCC with cis-diols in fructose, an essential source of energy for sperm–cell motility, an uncoupling of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) and its ligands, and the modulation of the DNA synthetic rate. These effects share the reactivity of boron-containing compounds on the cis-diols of key molecules. Moreover, data reporting no DNA damage after BCC administration are included. Further studies are required to support the clear role of BCC through these events to disrupt metabolism or fertility in mammals. If such phenomena are confirmed and elucidated, an advance could be useful to design strategies for avoiding BCC toxicity after BCC administration, and possibly for designing metabolism regulators and contraceptive drugs, among other purposes. Boronic derivatives and carboranes have been proposed and studied in this field.
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23
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Dong S, Shi J, Liu Y, Qu Y, Zhao X, Liu F, Du P, Sun Z. Boron Exposure Assessment of Desalinated Seawater on an Island in China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2451. [PMID: 36767817 PMCID: PMC9915379 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the boron level in drinking water and daily boron intake of island residents, and to have a health risk assessment of the boron exposure. One-year water boron surveillance was made through the 18 selected sampling sites (5 finished water and 13 tap water) covered by 5 water treatment plants with different water sources. We recruited 220 healthy volunteers (half men and half women) from 89 families covering all age groups living in Shengshan to provide basic information and living habits. One-third of the families attended the daily food boron intake evaluation through the double meal method for three days. In each family, only one family member provided the food samples. Urine samples were collected from all subjects to get the urine boron level. Furthermore, we used the EPA model and TDI for health risk assessments. The boron level in finished water and tap water with different sources were 0.68-1.46 mg/L and 0.62-1.26 mg/L for desalinated water, 0.30-0.39 mg/L and 0.20-0.50 mg/L for reservoir water, and 0.32-0.43 mg/L and 0.20-0.79 mg/L for mixture water. The average level of water boron intake, diet boron intake, and total boron intake was 0.113 ± 0.127 mg/d, 1.562 ± 0.927 mg/d, 1.674 ± 0.939mg/d, respectively, for the select sampling subjects. There were no significant differences in total boron intake for different age groups (1.685 ± 1.216 mg/d vs. 1.669 ± 0.793 mg/d for <45 yrs vs. ≥45 yrs, p = 0.968) and gender groups (1.754 ± 1.009 mg/d vs. 1.633 ± 0.923 mg/d for male vs. female, p = 0.735). Urine boron concentrations were similar in the two age groups (1.938 mg/g creatinine vs. 1.762 mg/g creatinine for <45 yrs vs. ≥45 yrs, p = 0.635). There were significant differences in urinary boron between males and females (1.569 mg/g creatinine vs. 2.148 mg/g creatinine, p = 0.018). The largest hazard quotient (HQ) of drinking water was 0.31, and the total boron exposures in this population were 0.03 mg/kg bw per day. The study showed that there was no possible non-carcinogenic risk of water boron exposure and lower health risk of total boron exposure to humans in this region, but its toxicity should not be ignored. The subsequent studies should strengthen the analysis of the subgroup populations.
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24
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Green synthetic carbon quantum dots based on waste tobacco leaves and its application to detecting borax content in Flour and its Products. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.134959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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25
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Turgut F, Yanmaz LE. Investigating effects of locally applied boric acid on fracture healing with and without low-level laser therapy. Lasers Med Sci 2022; 38:11. [PMID: 36539645 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-022-03695-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effects on fracture healing of locally applied boric acid (BA) with and without low-level laser therapy (LLLT). A unicortical femoral defect was surgically created on the anterolateral surface of proximal femur of each subject. The subjects, totaling 56 Wistar albino rats, were randomly allocated into four groups (n = 14 each): control, LLLT (λ = 905 μm, 10,000 Hz, 25 mW, and peak power 25 W), BA (40 mg/kg), and BA + LLLT groups. On the 30th day, the highest radiological score was recorded for the BA + LLLT group (3.63 [2-4]), followed by the BA (3.38 [2.75-3.75]), control (3 [2-3.25]), and LLLT (2.5 [1.25-3]) groups. On days 15 and 30 post-surgery, malondialdehyde levels were significantly lower among the BA + LLLT group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). On day 30, superoxide dismutase, catalase, and alkaline phosphatase levels were highest in the BA + LLLT group compared to the control group (p < 0.001). When the histopathological, immunofluorescence, and immunohistochemical findings on the 15th and 30th days were compared with the control group, a statistically significant difference was found for the BA and BA + LLLT groups (p ˂ 0.05). This study suggests that locally applied BA with LLLT may accelerate fracture healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferda Turgut
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Latif Emrah Yanmaz
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Burdur Mehmet Akif Ersoy University, Burdur, Turkey
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26
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Zhu W, Wang Q, Yang M, Li M, Zheng C, Li D, Zhang X, Cheng B, Dai Z. Reactive Flame-Retardant Cotton Fabric Coating: Combustion Behavior, Durability, and Enhanced Retardant Mechanism with Ion Transfer. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:4048. [PMID: 36432335 PMCID: PMC9695240 DOI: 10.3390/nano12224048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, we have witnessed numerous indoor fires caused by the flammable properties of cotton. Flame-retardant cotton deserves our attention. A novel boric acid and diethylenetriaminepenta (methylene-phosphonic acid) (DTPMPA) ammonium salt-based chelating coordination flame retardant (BDA) was successfully prepared for cotton fabrics, and a related retardant mechanism with ion transfer was investigated. BDA can form a stable chemical and coordination bond on the surface of cotton fibers by a simple three-curing finishing process. The limiting oxygen index (LOI) value of BDA-90 increased to 36.1%, and the LOI value of cotton fabric became 30.3% after 50 laundering cycles (LCs) and exhibited excellent durable flame retardancy. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) methods were used to observe the bonding mode and morphology of BDA on cotton fibers. A synergistic flame-retardant mechanism of condensed and gas phases was concluded from thermogravimetry (TG), cone calorimeter tests, and TG-FTIR. The test results of whiteness and tensile strength showed that the physical properties of BDA-treated cotton fabric were well maintained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenju Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Mingyang Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Minjing Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Chunming Zheng
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Dongxiang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
| | - Bowen Cheng
- College of Chemistry Engineering & Materials Science, Tianjin University Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Zhao Dai
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Technology and Process Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Separation Membrane and Membrane Processes, School of Chemical Engineering, Tiangong University, Tianjin 300387, China
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Bhagyaraj S, Al-Ghouti MA, Khan M, Kasak P, Krupa I. Modified os sepiae of Sepiella inermis as a low cost, sustainable, bio-based adsorbent for the effective remediation of boron from aqueous solution. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:71014-71032. [PMID: 35589901 PMCID: PMC9515050 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-20578-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of boron in low concentration is essential; however, a higher concentration of boron source in water has a toxic effect on humans as well as have retard effect on agricultural plant growth. Thus, the affordable and facile method to remediate water from higher boron concentrations is highly demanded. This report explores the ability of naturally occurring sustainable bio-waste os sepiae (cuttlefish bone, CFB) as an effective adsorbent for the removal of boron from water. Chemical activation of the os sepiae powder was examined to improve the efficiency of boron adsorption. A batch adsorption study for boron considering various parameters such as chemical modification of os sepiae, pH, initial boron concentration, and the temperature was scrutinized. Untreated (CFB), alkali-treated (CFB-D) and acid-treated (CFB-A) os sepiae powders were investigated and the adsorption capacities reached up to 53.8 ± 0.04 mg/g, 66.4 ± 0.02 mg/g and 69.8 ± 0.02 mg/g, respectively, at optimal pH 8 and 25 °C. Boron adsorption by CFB, CFB-D, and CFB-A were well fitted with the linear Freundlich adsorption isotherm model with a correlation coefficient of 99.4%, 99.8%, and 99.7% respectively. Thermodynamic parameters indicated that the adsorption of boron by CFB is an exothermic process and more feasible at a lower temperature around 25 °C. Moreover, detailed morphological and chemical characterization of the influence of adsorbed boron on adsorbents was conducted and discussed. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis spectra confirms the involvement of various functional groups including amino, carbonate (CO3)2-, and hydroxyl groups on the adsorbent in the adsorption mechanisms for boron removal. The results indicate that CFB can be an excellent example for the recycling and reuse of biowaste for water remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sneha Bhagyaraj
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohammad A Al-Ghouti
- Environmental Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mariam Khan
- Environmental Science Program, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, P.O. Box: 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Peter Kasak
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Igor Krupa
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, Qatar.
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28
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Sørli JB, Frederiksen M, Nikolov NG, Wedebye EB, Hadrup N. Identification of substances with a carcinogenic potential in spray-formulated engine/brake cleaners and lubricating products, available in the European Union (EU) - based on IARC and EU-harmonised classifications and QSAR predictions. Toxicology 2022; 477:153261. [PMID: 35863487 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2022.153261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Spray-formulated engine/brake cleaners and lubricating agents are widely used to maintain machines. The occupational exposure to their aerosols is evident. To assess the carcinogenic potential of these products, we identified such products available in the European Union (EU). We built a database with CAS numbers of 1) mono-constituent substances, and 2) multi-constituent-substances, and unknown-or-variable-composition,-complex-reaction-products-and-biological-materials (multi-constituent/UVCBs). The compositions of multi-constituent/UVCBs were unravelled with European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) registration dossiers. To identify carcinogenic potentials, we searched for 1) International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) classification; 2) Harmonised classifications in Annex VI to the EU classification, labelling and packaging (CLP) Regulation; and 3) whether they had a Danish Environmental Protection Agency advisory CLP self-classification based on quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) for genotoxicity and carcinogenicity in the Danish (Q)SAR Database. In 82 products, we identified 332 mono-constituent substances and 44 multi-constituent/UVCBs. Six substances were either IARC 1 or 2B classified. Twelve mono-constituent substances and 22 multi-constituent/UVCBs had harmonised classifications as Carcinogenic Category 1A, 1B or 2, while nine substances fulfilled the QSAR-based advisory self-classification algorithms for mutagenicity or carcinogenicity. At the product level, 39 products contained substances of carcinogenic concern by either IARC, harmonised classification or QSAR. We conclude that in the investigated EU marketed spray-formulated engine/brake cleaners and lubricants, 24 of 332 mono-constituent substances and 28 of 44 multi-constituent/UVCBs had a carcinogenic potential. At the product level, 39 of 82 contained substances with an identified carcinogenic potential. Regulators and manufacturers can use this determination of carcinogenic potential to decrease occupational risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorid B Sørli
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Marie Frederiksen
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Nikolai G Nikolov
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Eva B Wedebye
- DTU quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSAR) team, Research Group for Chemical Risk Assessment and GMO, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark.
| | - Niels Hadrup
- National Research Centre for the Working Environment, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; Division of Diet, Disease Prevention and Toxicology, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Denmark.
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29
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Turna Demir F, Demir E. Exposure to boron trioxide nanoparticles and ions cause oxidative stress, DNA damage, and phenotypic alterations in Drosophila melanogaster as an in vivo model. J Appl Toxicol 2022; 42:1854-1867. [PMID: 35837816 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Boron trioxide nanoparticles (B2 O3 NPs) have recently been widely used in a range of applications including electronic device technologies, acousto-optic apparatus fields and as nanopowder for the production of special glasses. We propose Drosophila melanogaster as a useful in vivo model system to study the genotoxic risks associated with NP exposure. In this study we have conducted a genotoxic evaluation of B2 O3 NPs (size average 55.52 ± 1.41 nm) and its ionic form in D. melanogaster. B2 O3 NPs were supplied to third instar larvae at concentrations ranging from 0.1-10 mM. Toxicity, intracellular oxidative stress (reactive oxygen species, ROS), phenotypic alterations, genotoxic effect (via the wing somatic mutation and recombination test (SMART), and DNA damage (via Comet assay) were the end-points evaluated. B2 O3 NPs did not cause any mutagenic/recombinogenic effects in all tested non-toxic concentrations in Drosophila SMART. Negative data were also obtained with the ionic form. Exposure to B2 O3 NPs and its ionic form (at two highest concentrations, 2.5 and 5 mM) was found to induce DNA damage in Comet assay. Additionally, ROS induction in hemocytes and phenotypic alterations were determined in the mouths and legs of Drosophila. This study is the first study reporting genotoxicity data in the somatic cells of Drosophila larvae, emphasizing the importance of D. melanogaster as a model organism in investigating the different biological effects in a concentration dependent manner caused by B2 O3 NPs and its ionic form. The obtained in vivo results contribute to improvement the genotoxicity database on the B2 O3 NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Turna Demir
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Medical Laboratory Techniques Programme, Vocational School of Health Services, Antalya Bilim University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Eşref Demir
- Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Medical Laboratory Techniques Programme, Vocational School of Health Services, Antalya Bilim University, Antalya, Turkey
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30
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Recycling of Aluminum-Based Composites Reinforced with Boron-Tungsten Fibres. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15093207. [PMID: 35591541 PMCID: PMC9100760 DOI: 10.3390/ma15093207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
High strength fibres of carbon, boron, silicon carbide, tungsten, and other materials are widely used to reinforce metal matrix composite materials. Carbon and boron fibers are usually used to reinforce light alloys based on aluminum and magnesium. Products made from these materials are characterized by high strength and rigidity and can be used for a long time. Technological waste containing such fibres are hazardous to the environment because they are durable and have needle-like and other sharp shapes. Therefore, they must be disposed of with extreme care. A significant incentive for the processing and reuse of waste composites of this type is the relatively high cost of production of the primary fibre and the material as a whole. With the increase in the production of such materials in recent years, the need to recycle composite waste is becoming increasingly important. Three main options for primary processing are used to prepare composites for their subsequent use. They are mechanical, thermal, and chemical grinding technologies. One of the actual and practical areas of processing technology is the method of powder metallurgy. This paper presents the main stages of processing composite materials based on an aluminium matrix and B-W fibres to obtain powder compositions. The results of the studies showing the possibility of the effective use of the obtained crushed waste to manufacture concrete products and the production of cutting and grinding tools are presented.
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Alavarse AC, Frachini ECG, da Silva RLCG, Lima VH, Shavandi A, Petri DFS. Crosslinkers for polysaccharides and proteins: Synthesis conditions, mechanisms, and crosslinking efficiency, a review. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 202:558-596. [PMID: 35038469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.01.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Polysaccharides and proteins are important macromolecules for developing hydrogels devoted to biomedical applications. Chemical hydrogels offer chemical, mechanical, and dimensional stability than physical hydrogels due to the chemical bonds among the chains mediated by crosslinkers. There are many crosslinkers to synthesize polysaccharides and proteins based on hydrogels. In this review, we revisited the crosslinking reaction mechanisms between synthetic or natural crosslinkers and polysaccharides or proteins. The selected synthetic crosslinkers were glutaraldehyde, carbodiimide, boric acid, sodium trimetaphosphate, N,N'-methylene bisacrylamide, and polycarboxylic acid, whereas the selected natural crosslinkers included transglutaminase, tyrosinase, horseradish peroxidase, laccase, sortase A, genipin, vanillin, tannic acid, and phytic acid. No less important are the reactions involving click chemistry and the macromolecular crosslinkers for polysaccharides and proteins. Literature examples of polysaccharides or proteins crosslinked by the different strategies were presented along with the corresponding highlights. The general mechanism involved in chemical crosslinking mediated by gamma and UV radiation was discussed, with particular attention to materials commonly used in digital light processing. The evaluation of crosslinking efficiency by gravimetric measurements, rheology, and spectroscopic techniques was presented. Finally, we presented the challenges and opportunities to create safe chemical hydrogels for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Carvalho Alavarse
- Fundamental Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Emilli Caroline Garcia Frachini
- Fundamental Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Vitoria Hashimoto Lima
- Fundamental Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amin Shavandi
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), École polytechnique de Bruxelles, 3BIO-BioMatter, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50 - CP 165/61, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Denise Freitas Siqueira Petri
- Fundamental Chemistry Department, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes 748, 05508-000 São Paulo, Brazil.
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Medrano-David D, Lopera AM, Londoño ME, Araque-Marín P. Formulation and Characterization of a New Injectable Bone Substitute Composed PVA/Borax/CaCO 3 and Demineralized Bone Matrix. J Funct Biomater 2021; 12:46. [PMID: 34449632 PMCID: PMC8395841 DOI: 10.3390/jfb12030046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of bone-related disorders and diseases has dramatically increased in recent years around the world. Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) has been widely used as a bone implant due to its osteoinduction and bioactivity. However, the use of DBM is limited because it is a particulate material, which makes it difficult to manipulate and implant with precision. In addition, these particles are susceptible to migration to other sites. To address this situation, DBM is commonly incorporated into a variety of carriers. An injectable scaffold has advantages over bone grafts or preformed scaffolds, such as the ability to flow and fill a bone defect. The aim of this research was to develop a DBM carrier with such viscoelastic properties in order to obtain an injectable bone substitute (IBS). The developed DBM carrier consisted of a PVA/glycerol network cross-linked with borax and reinforced with CaCO3 as a pH neutralizer, porosity generator, and source of Ca. The physicochemical properties were determined by an injectability test, FTIR, SEM, and TGA. Porosity, degradation, bioactivity, possible cytotoxic effect, and proliferation in osteoblasts were also determined. The results showed that the developed material has great potential to be used in bone tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Medrano-David
- Research Group GIBEC, Life Sciences Faculty, EIA University, Envigado 055420, Colombia; (A.M.L.); (M.E.L.)
| | - Aura María Lopera
- Research Group GIBEC, Life Sciences Faculty, EIA University, Envigado 055420, Colombia; (A.M.L.); (M.E.L.)
| | - Martha Elena Londoño
- Research Group GIBEC, Life Sciences Faculty, EIA University, Envigado 055420, Colombia; (A.M.L.); (M.E.L.)
| | - Pedronel Araque-Marín
- Research and Innovation Group in Chemical Formulations, Life Sciences Faculty, EIA University, Envigado 055420, Colombia;
- CECOLTEC, Medellín 050022, Colombia
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