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Lee SE, Choi Y, Oh Y, Lee D, Kim J, Hong S. Black Phosphorus-Based Reusable Biosensor Platforms for the Ultrasensitive Detection of Cortisol in Saliva. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:11305-11314. [PMID: 38406866 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
A black phosphorus (BP)-based reusable biosensor platform is developed for the repeated and real-time detection of cortisol using antibody-conjugated magnetic particle (MP) structures as a refreshable receptor. Here, we took advantage of the low-noise characteristics of a mechanically exfoliated BP-based field-effect transistor (FET) and hybridized it with anti-cortisol antibody-functionalized MPs to build a highly sensitive cortisol sensor. This strategy allowed us to detect cortisol down to 1 aM in real time and discriminate cortisol from other hormones. In this case, we could easily remove MPs with used antibodies from the surface of a BP-FET and reuse the chip for up to eight repeated sensing operations. Moreover, since our platform could be fabricated using conventional photolithography techniques and the sensor can be reused multiple times, one should be able to significantly reduce operation costs for practical applications. Furthermore, this method could be utilized to detect different hormones with high sensitivity and selectivity in complex environments such as artificial saliva solutions. In this respect, our reusable BP-FET biosensing platform can be a powerful tool for versatile applications such as clinical diagnosis and basic biological analysis by conjugating various antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Eun Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonji Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuhyeon Oh
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongryul Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihyun Kim
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghun Hong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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An JE, Kim KH, Park SJ, Seo SE, Kim J, Ha S, Bae J, Kwon OS. Wearable Cortisol Aptasensor for Simple and Rapid Real-Time Monitoring. ACS Sens 2022; 7:99-108. [PMID: 34995062 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c01734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The necessity of managing stress levels is becoming increasingly apparent as the world suffers from different kinds of stresses including the extent of pandemic, the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Cortisol, a clinically confirmed stress hormone related to depression and anxiety, affects individuals mentally and physically. However, current cortisol monitoring methods require expert personnel, large and complex machines, and long time for data analysis. Here, we present a flexible and wearable cortisol aptasensor for simple and rapid cortisol real-time monitoring. The sensing channel was produced by electrospinning conducting polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofibers (NFs) and subsequent vapor deposition of carboxylated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT). The conjugation of the cortisol aptamer on the PEDOT-PAN NFs provided the critical sensing mechanism for the target molecule. The sensing test was performed with a liquid-ion gated field-effect transistor (FET) on a polyester (polyethylene terepthalate). The sensor performance showed a detection limit of 10 pM (<5 s) and high selectivity in the presence of interference materials at 100 times higher concentrations. The practical usage and real-time monitoring of the cortisol aptasensor with a liquid-ion gated FET system was demonstrated by successful transfer to the swab and the skin. In addition, the real-time monitoring of actual sweat by applying the cortisol aptasensor was also successful since the aptasensor was able to detect cortisol approximately 1 nM from actual sweat in a few minutes. This wearable biosensor platform supports the possibility of further application and on-site monitoring for changes of other numerous biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jai Eun An
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung Ho Kim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Joo Park
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Eun Seo
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyeong Kim
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Siyoung Ha
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonwon Bae
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Dongduk Women’s University, Seoul 02748, Republic of Korea
| | - Oh Seok Kwon
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Nanobiotechnology and Bioinformatics (Major), University of Science & Technology (UST), 125 Gwahak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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Bai Y, Wang Y, Li Q, Dou L, Liu M, Shao S, Zhu J, Shen J, Wang Z, Wen K, Yu W. Binding affinity-guided design of a highly sensitive noncompetitive immunoassay for small molecule detection. Food Chem 2021; 351:129270. [PMID: 33640770 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Small molecules are immunochemically classified as hapten that lacking of at least two epitopes, usually using competitive format for establishing immunoassays. However, theoretically, noncompetitive immunoassay format is more sensitive and has a wider analytical range. In the present study, a novel hapten of halofuginone was synthesized and used to produce a monoclonal antibody (mAb). By analyzing the binding kinetics, we found that the affinity of analyte-enzyme to mAb was much greater than that of analyte, which could result in a low sensitivity of competitive assay format. Based on this, we established a novel noncompetitive immunoassay by using a replacement approach. The noncompetitive format has obvious advantages in sensitivity and analytical range, which promoted approximately 3.5- and 5-fold, respectively, compared to the competitive immunoassay. Ultimately, the newly designed noncompetitive immunoassay in this work will provide insights as well as alternative method to traditional small molecule competitive assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchen Bai
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yahui Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China; Agricultural Information Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 100081 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Leina Dou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Minggang Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Shibei Shao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianyu Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanhui Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Wenbo Yu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Animal Derived Food Safety, Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, 100193 Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Ultrasensitive Stress Biomarker Detection Using Polypyrrole Nanotube Coupled to a Field-Effect Transistor. MICROMACHINES 2020; 11:mi11040439. [PMID: 32331254 PMCID: PMC7231345 DOI: 10.3390/mi11040439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Stress biomarkers such as hormones and neurotransmitters in bodily fluids can indicate an individual’s physical and mental state, as well as influence their quality of life and health. Thus, sensitive and rapid detection of stress biomarkers (e.g., cortisol) is important for management of various diseases with harmful symptoms, including post-traumatic stress disorder and depression. Here, we describe rapid and sensitive cortisol detection based on a conducting polymer (CP) nanotube (NT) field-effect transistor (FET) platform. The synthesized polypyrrole (PPy) NT was functionalized with the cortisol antibody immunoglobulin G (IgG) for the sensitive and specific detection of cortisol hormone. The anti-cortisol IgG was covalently attached to a basal plane of PPy NT through an amide bond between the carboxyl group of PPy NT and the amino group of anti-cortisol IgG. The resulting field-effect transistor-type biosensor was utilized to evaluate various cortisol concentrations. Cortisol was sensitively measured to a detection limit of 2.7 × 10−10 M (100 pg/mL), with a dynamic range of 2.7 × 10−10 to 10−7 M; it exhibited rapid responses (<5 s). We believe that our approach can serve as an alternative to time-consuming and labor-intensive health questionnaires; it can also be used for diagnosis of underlying stress-related disorders.
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Kämäräinen S, Mäki M, Tolonen T, Palleschi G, Virtanen V, Micheli L, Sesay AM. Disposable electrochemical immunosensor for cortisol determination in human saliva. Talanta 2018; 188:50-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.05.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Liu A, Anfossi L, Shen L, Li C, Wang X. Non-competitive immunoassay for low-molecular-weight contaminant detection in food, feed and agricultural products: A mini-review. Trends Food Sci Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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7
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Development of a competitive immunoassay for the determination of cortisol in human saliva. Anal Biochem 2013; 434:308-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2012.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2012] [Revised: 11/25/2012] [Accepted: 12/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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UENO Y, FURUKAWA K, HAYASHI K, TAKAMURA M, HIBINO H, TAMECHIKA E. Graphene-modified Interdigitated Array Electrode: Fabrication, Characterization, and Electrochemical Immunoassay Application. ANAL SCI 2013; 29:55-60. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.29.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuko UENO
- NTT Microsystem Integration Laboratories, NTT Corporation
| | | | | | | | | | - Emi TAMECHIKA
- NTT Microsystem Integration Laboratories, NTT Corporation
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Moreno-Guzmán M, Agüí L, González-Cortés A, Yáñez-Sedeño P, Pingarrón JM. Gold nanoparticles/carbon nanotubes/ionic liquid microsized paste electrode for the determination of cortisol and androsterone hormones. J Solid State Electrochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-012-1868-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Moreno-Guzmán M, González-Cortés A, Yáñez-Sedeño P, Pingarrón JM. Multiplexed Ultrasensitive Determination of Adrenocorticotropin and Cortisol Hormones at a Dual Electrochemical Immunosensor. ELECTROANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201200070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Caporossi L, Santoro A, Papaleo B. Saliva as an analytical matrix: state of the art and application for biomonitoring. Biomarkers 2010; 15:475-87. [PMID: 20450335 DOI: 10.3109/1354750x.2010.481364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Analytical tests to measure chemicals in saliva can be employed for numerous analytes, endogenous compounds or xenobiotics. The objective was to determine which chemicals can be analysed with this matrix, which analytical methods are applicable, and what application is possible for biomonitoring. We reviewed the literature using three databases, MEDLINE, PubMed and Scopus, collecting articles on different kinds of analysis in saliva. Studies were principally about molecules of clinical interest, xenobiotics, especially drugs of abuse, and chemicals used at workplaces; some substances show no relevant correlation with exposure data while others seems to be of particular interest for systematic use for biomonitoring. Currently, saliva is used far less than other biological fluids but its use for biomonitoring of exposure to chemicals might open up new areas for research and would certainly simplify the collection of biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia Caporossi
- ISPESL-National Institute of Occupational Safety and Prevention, Department of Occupational Medicine, Monteporzio Catone (RM), Italy.
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12
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Moreno-Guzmán M, Eguílaz M, Campuzano S, González-Cortés A, Yáñez-Sedeño P, Pingarrón JM. Disposable immunosensor for cortisol using functionalized magnetic particles. Analyst 2010; 135:1926-33. [PMID: 20577675 DOI: 10.1039/c0an00206b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel electrochemical immunosensor using screen-printed carbon electrodes and functionalized magnetic particles was developed for the determination of cortisol. Anti-cortisol antibody was immobilized onto protein A-modified magnetic particles and a direct competitive immunoassay involving cortisol antigen labeled with alkaline phosphatase (AP) was employed. The resulting conjugate was trapped on the surface of the screen-printed electrode with a small magnet. Cortisol quantification was accomplished by using 1-naphthyl phosphate as AP substrate and differential pulse voltammetry for the detection of the formed 1-naphthol. The variables involved in the preparation of the immunosensor and in the electrochemical detection reaction were optimized. The calibration plot obtained for cortisol exhibited a linear range between 5.0 x 10(-3) and 150 ng mL(-1) (r = 0.993). The limit of detection was 3.5 pg mL(-1), and the EC(50) was 0.19 ng mL(-1). These results demonstrate the high sensitivity achieved with this immunosensor design which compares favourably with other previous reports. The immunosensor also exhibited a high selectivity with respect to other corticosteroid compounds closely related to cortisol. The usefulness of the immunosensor for the analysis of real samples was demonstrated by analyzing certified human sera containing cortisol at two different concentration levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Moreno-Guzmán
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University Computense of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Chen LQ, Kang XJ, Sun J, Deng JJ, Gu ZZ, Lu ZH. Application of nanofiber-packed SPE for determination of salivary-free cortisol using fluorescence precolumn derivatization and HPLC detection. J Sep Sci 2010; 33:2369-75. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Shen S, Li Y, Wakida SI, Takeda S. Determination of adrenal steroids by microfluidic chip using micellar electrokinetic chromatography. ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT 2009; 153:201-208. [PMID: 18551375 DOI: 10.1007/s10661-008-0349-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2007] [Accepted: 04/14/2008] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes a sensitive and convenient method to separate progesterone, 17alpha-hydroxy progesterone, cortexolone, hydrocortisone and cortisone, all of which are steroids and have similar structures, using microfluidic chip-based technology with UV detection at 252 nm. We successfully obtained high-speed separation of the five steroids within 70 s in optimized microfluidic controls and micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) separation conditions. Fairly good linearity with correlation coefficient of over 0.98 from 10 or 20 to 100 mg/l steroid chemicals was obtained. The limits of detection obtained at a signal to noise ratio of 3 were from 3.89 to 7.80 mg/l. The values of the relative standard deviation (RSD) were 0.98-1.34% for repetitive injection (n = 12) and the intraday and interday RSDs were below 6%. The highly stable response reflected the feasibility of this method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuanglong Shen
- Department of Chemistry, Changzhi College, 73 Chengbei East Street, Changzhi, 046011 Shanxi, China
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A novel broad-specific noncompetitive immunoassay and its application in the determination of total aflatoxins. Anal Chim Acta 2008; 630:82-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2008.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2008] [Revised: 08/19/2008] [Accepted: 09/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Yuan Y, Xu C, Peng C, Jin Z, Chen W, Liu L. Analytical Methods for the Detection of Corticosteroids-Residues in Animal-Derived Foodstuffs. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1080/10408340802378213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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17
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Fu XH. Magnetic-controlled non-competitive enzyme-linked voltammetric immunoassay for carcinoembryonic antigen. Biochem Eng J 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2007.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Kataoka H, Matsuura E, Mitani K. Determination of cortisol in human saliva by automated in-tube solid-phase microextraction coupled with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2007; 44:160-5. [PMID: 17306495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2007.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2006] [Revised: 01/10/2007] [Accepted: 01/13/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We developed a simple, rapid, and sensitive method for determination of cortisol levels in human saliva. Cortisol was analyzed by on-line in-tube solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Cortisol was separated within 5 min by HPLC using an Eclipse ZDB-C8 column and 1% acetic acid/methanol (50/50, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. Electrospray ionization conditions in the positive ion mode were optimized for MS detection of cortisol. The optimum in-tube SPME conditions were 20 draw/eject cycles with a sample size of 40 microL using a Supel Q PLOT capillary column as the extraction device. The extracted compounds could be desorbed easily from the capillary by passage of the mobile phase, and no carryover was observed. Using the in-tube SPME LC/MS method, good linearity of the calibration curve (r=0.9977) was obtained in the concentration range 50-2000 pg/mL of cortisol in saliva, and the limit of detection (S/N=3) was 5 pg/mL. The method described here showed 48-fold higher sensitivity than the direct injection method (5 microL injection). The within-run and between-day precisions (relative standard deviations) were below 4.6% and 8.9% (n=5), respectively. This method was applied successfully to the analysis of saliva samples without interference peaks. The recoveries of cortisol spiked into saliva samples were above 95%, and the relative standard deviations were below 6.0%. This method was used to analyze the changes in salivary cortisol level according to stress load.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kataoka
- School of Pharmacy, Shujitsu University, Nishigawara, Okayama 703-8516, Japan.
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NAKAJIMA H, YAGI M, KUDO Y, NAKAGAMA T, SHIMOSAKA T, UCHIYAMA K. A flow-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay on a polydimethylsiloxane microchip for the rapid determination of immunoglobulin A. Talanta 2006; 70:122-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2005.12.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2005] [Revised: 12/17/2005] [Accepted: 12/22/2005] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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NAKAJIMA H, MASUDA H, ISHINO S, NAKAGAMA T, SHIMOSAKA T, ARAI K, YOSHIMURA Y, UCHIYAMA K. Rapid Determination of Immunoglobulin A in Human Saliva by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay on a Micro Channel Chip. BUNSEKI KAGAKU 2005. [DOI: 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.54.817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hizuru NAKAJIMA
- Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University
| | - Hironori MASUDA
- Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University
| | - Satomi ISHINO
- Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University
| | - Tatsuro NAKAGAMA
- Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University
| | - Takuya SHIMOSAKA
- National Metrology Institute of Japan, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology
| | - Kensuke ARAI
- School of Pharmacy, Nihon Pharmaceutical University
| | | | - Katsumi UCHIYAMA
- Faculty of Urban Environmental Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University
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Anfossi L, Giraudi G, Tozzi C, Giovannoli C, Baggiani C, Vanni A. Development of a non-competitive immunoassay for monitoring DDT, its metabolites and analogues in water samples. Anal Chim Acta 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2003.10.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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