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Shah F, Stål P, Li J, Sessle BJ, Avivi-Arber L. Tooth extraction and subsequent dental implant placement in Sprague-Dawley rats induce differential changes in anterior digastric myofibre size and myosin heavy chain isoform expression. Arch Oral Biol 2019; 99:141-149. [PMID: 30684691 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2019.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 12/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE to determine if tooth loss and dental implant placement in rats induce changes in the morphological and histochemical features of the Anterior Digastric muscle. DESIGN Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats had their right maxillary molar teeth extracted. 'Extraction-1' and 'Extraction-2 groups were sacrificed, respectively, 4 or 8 weeks later, and an Implant group had an implant placement 2 weeks after the molar extraction, and rats were sacrificed 3 weeks later (n = 4/group). Naive rats (n = 3) had no treatment. Morphometric and immunohistochemical techniques quantified Anterior Digastric muscle myofibres' cross-sectional area (CSA) and myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoform proportions. Significant ANOVAs were followed by post-hoc tests; p < 0.05 and 0.1 were considered to reflect levels of statistical significance. RESULTS In naïve rats, the peripheral regions of the Anterior Digastric muscle was dominated by MyHC-IIx/b isoform and there were no MyHC-I isoforms; the central regions dominated by MyHC-IIx/b and MyHC-IIa isoforms. Compared with naive rats, tooth extraction produced, 8 (but not 4) weeks later, a decreased proportion of fast-contracting fatigue-resistant MyHC-IIa isoform (p = 0.08), and increased proportion of fast and intermediate fatigue-resistance MyHC-IIa/x/b isoform (p = 0.03). Dental implant placement following tooth extraction attenuated the extraction effects but produced a decreased proportion of fast-contracting fatiguable MyHC-llx/b isoform (p = 0.03) in the peripheral region, and increased inter-animal variability in myofibre-CSAs. CONCLUSIONS Given the crucial role that the Anterior Digastric muscle plays in many vital oral functions (e.g., chewing, swallowing), these changes may contribute to the changes in oral sensorimotor functions that occur in humans following such treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Shah
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, laboratory of Muscle Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 124 Edward St., Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1G6, Canada.
| | - Per Stål
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, laboratory of Muscle Biology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden.
| | - Jian Li
- Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 124 Edward St., Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1G6, Canada; Peking University, China.
| | - Barry J Sessle
- Oral Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry and Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 124 Edward St., Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1G6, Canada.
| | - Limor Avivi-Arber
- Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, 124 Edward St., Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1G6, Canada.
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Wang W, Wang J, Lu HY, Ma WS, Dong FS, Hu XY, Liu CY. The effects of increasing occlusal vertical dimension on the deep masseter of rat at different ages. Arch Oral Biol 2016; 74:12-20. [PMID: 27842253 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2016.10.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the influence of increasing the occlusal vertical dimension (iOVD) on the fibre-type distribution and ultrastructure of deep masseter of rat at different ages. DESIGN A total of forty-eight male Wistar rats were divided into two groups according to age: 'teenage' group (n=24, 1.5 months) and 'young adult' group (n=24, 8 months). Both the teenage and the young adult rats were then randomly divided into the control group (n=12) and the experimental group (n=12). The occlusal vertical dimensions of the rats in the experimental groups were increased by placing composite resin on all maxillary molars. The fibre-type distribution and ultrastructure of the deep masseter were subsequently observed on day 7 and day 14 after iOVD. RESULTS In the teenage experimental group, the proportion of type IIa fibres increased, while the proportion of type IIb and type IIx fibres decreased by day 7 after iOVD (P<0.05). However, no significant fibre phenotype transformation was observed in the young adult experimental group until day 14 after iOVD. In addition, the proportion of type IIa in the teenage experimental group was higher than that of the young adult experimental group on day 7 and 14 (P<0.05). Under the transmission electron microscope, muscle fibre reconstruction and the compensatory increase in the number and volume of mitochondria appeared earlier in the teenage experimental group. The cellular traumatic reaction was less than that in the young adult experimental group. CONCLUSION The teenage rat alters masseter muscle structure to a slower phenotype earlier and to a greater degree than that of the young adult rat when increasing the occlusal vertical dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China.
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China.
| | - Hai-Yan Lu
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China.
| | - Wen-Sheng Ma
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China.
| | - Fu-Sheng Dong
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China.
| | - Xiao-Ying Hu
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China.
| | - Chun-Yan Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, College of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, PR China.
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Histological, histochemical, and protein changes after induced malocclusion by occlusion alteration of Wistar rats. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:563463. [PMID: 25028660 PMCID: PMC4083214 DOI: 10.1155/2014/563463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Although disorders of the stomatognathic system are common, the mechanisms involved are unknown. Our objective was to study the changes in the masseter muscles after unilateral exodontia. Molar extraction was performed on Wistar
rats (left side), and the animals were sacrificed after either 14 or 26 days. The masseter muscle was processed for histological analysis, conventional and in situ zymography, and immunohistochemistry. The morphological analysis showed unique and specific characteristics for the experimental group. By conventional zymography no significant values of 72 kDa MMP-2 (P < 0.05) were found in both of the sides of masseter muscle after 14 and 26 days of unilateral extraction. The in situ zymography showed gelatinolytic activity on all deep masseter muscles, with significant increase on the contralateral side after 14 and 26 days (P < 0.05). The immunohistochemistry demonstrated greater expression of MMP-2 than MMP-9 and MMP-14 in all masseter muscles and there were few differences in the staining of 4 TIMPs. This knowledge about morphology and molecular masticatory muscle remodeling following environmental interventions can be used to develop clinically successful treatments.
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Xie Q, Li X, Xu X. The difficult relationship between occlusal interferences and temporomandibular disorder - insights from animal and human experimental studies. J Oral Rehabil 2013; 40:279-95. [PMID: 23356664 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Q. Xie
- Department of Prosthodontics; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - X. Li
- Department of Prosthodontics; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
| | - X. Xu
- Department of Prosthodontics; Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology; Beijing China
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Grünheid T, Langenbach GEJ, Korfage JAM, Zentner A, van Eijden TMGJ. The adaptive response of jaw muscles to varying functional demands. Eur J Orthod 2009; 31:596-612. [PMID: 19656804 DOI: 10.1093/ejo/cjp093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Jaw muscles are versatile entities that are able to adapt their anatomical characteristics, such as size, cross-sectional area, and fibre properties, to altered functional demands. The dynamic nature of muscle fibres allows them to change their phenotype to optimize the required contractile function while minimizing energy use. Changes in these anatomical parameters are associated with changes in neuromuscular activity as the pattern of muscle activation by the central nervous system plays an important role in the modulation of muscle properties. This review summarizes the adaptive response of jaw muscles to various stimuli or perturbations in the orofacial system and addresses general changes in muscles as they adapt, specific adaptive changes in jaw muscles under various physiologic and pathologic conditions, and their adaptive response to non-surgical and surgical therapeutic interventions. Although the jaw muscles are used concertedly in the masticatory system, their adaptive changes are not always uniform and vary with the nature, intensity, and duration of the stimulus. In general, stretch, increases neuromuscular activity, and resistance training result in hypertrophy, elicits increases in mitochondrial content and cross-sectional area of the fibres, and may change the fibre-type composition of the muscle towards a larger percentage of slow-type fibres. In contrast, changes in the opposite direction occur when neuromuscular activity is reduced, the muscle is immobilized in a shortened position, or paralysed. The broad range of stimuli that affect the properties of jaw muscles might help explain the large variability in the anatomical and physiological characteristics found among individuals, muscles, and muscle portions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thorsten Grünheid
- Department of General and Specialised Dentistry, Section of Orthodontics, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), The Netherlands.
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Histological and histochemical effects after occlusion alteration in suprahyoid muscles. Micron 2009; 40:239-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2008.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2008] [Revised: 08/06/2008] [Accepted: 08/07/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Iyomasa MM, Issa JPM, Sosthines MCK, Oliveira AMD, Stuani MBS, Motoyama AA, Watanabe IS. Ultrastructural characteristics of the gerbil pterygoid medial muscle after experimental occlusal alteration. Micron 2009; 40:206-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2008.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2008] [Revised: 09/09/2008] [Accepted: 09/13/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Bazan E, Issa JPM, Watanabe IS, Mandarim-de-Lacerda CA, Del Bel EA, Iyomasa MM. Ultrastructural and biochemical changes of the medial pterygoid muscle induced by unilateral exodontia. Micron 2008; 39:536-43. [PMID: 17826114 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2007.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2007] [Revised: 07/27/2007] [Accepted: 07/30/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the histological, biochemical and ultrastructural effects of occlusal alteration induced by unilateral exodontia on medial pterygoid muscle in guinea pigs, Cavia porcellus. Thirty (n=30) male guinea pigs (450g) were divided into two groups: experimental-animals submitted to exodontia of the left upper molars, and sham-operated were used as control. The duration of the experimental period was 60 days. Medial pterygoid muscles from ipsilateral and contralateral side were analyzed by histological (n=10), histochemical (n=10), and ultrastructural (n=10) methods. The data were submitted to statistical analysis. When the ipsilateral side was compared to the control group, it showed a significantly shorter neuromuscular spindle length (P<0.05), lower oxidative metabolic activity, and microvessel constriction, in spite of the capillary volume and surface density were not significantly different (P>0.05). In the contralateral side, the neuromuscular spindles showed significantly shorter length (P<0.05), the fibers reflected a higher oxidative capacity, the blood capillaries showed endothelial cell emitting slender sprouting along the pre-existing capillary, and significantly higher blood capillary surface density, and volume density (V(v)=89% Mann-Whitney test, P<0.05). This finding indicated a complex morphological and functional medial pterygoid muscle adaptation to occlusal alteration in this experimental model. Considering that neuromuscular spindles are responsible for the control of mandibular positioning and movements, the professional should consider if these changes interfere in the success of clinical procedures in medical field involving stomatognathic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel Bazan
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Sato I, Konishi K. Effects of soft diet on rat masseter muscle mitochondrial development. Okajimas Folia Anat Jpn 2004; 81:67-74. [PMID: 15615029 DOI: 10.2535/ofaj.81.67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
There is not fine information regarding the influence of diet on development of masseter muscle and its mitochondria. Objective of this study is to compare mitochondrial enzyme activity, and morphology of masseter muscle fiber cells and its mitochondria prepared from rats fed soft diet to those fed hard diet. Cross-sectional area of fiber cells and number of mitochondria per unit area prepared from rats fed hard diet were greater than those of animals fed soft diet on postnatal day 60, and these differences decreased under both feeding conditions on days 120. Structure of mitochondrial cristae of rat fed hard diet was clear but that of fed soft diet ambiguous and contains many halos. Mitochondrial succinate-O2 and NADH-O2 oxidoreductase activities isolated from rats fed hard diet were higher than those of soft diet group over the period from days 30, and differences in both diet groups became the largest on days 60, and decreased on days 120. Our results indicated that development of masseter muscle fiber cells and mitochondria is hindered when rats are fed soft diet, but recover partially later, and hard diet is required for normal development of masseter muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwao Sato
- Department of Anatomy, Nippon Dental University School of Dentistry at Tokyo, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-8159, Japan
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Muller J, Vayssiere N, Royuela M, Leger ME, Muller A, Bacou F, Pons F, Hugon G, Mornet D. Comparative evolution of muscular dystrophy in diaphragm, gastrocnemius and masseter muscles from old male mdx mice. J Muscle Res Cell Motil 2002; 22:133-9. [PMID: 11519736 DOI: 10.1023/a:1010305801236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
X chromosome-linked muscular dystrophic mdx mouse lacks the sarcolemmal protein dystrophin and represents a genetic homologue of human Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The present study analysed some aspects of pathological processes such as fibrosis, frequency of centralized nuclei, presence of degenerative or regenerative fibres, expression of utrophin and associated protein complexes, and myosin heavy chain isoforms in three muscles [diaphragm (DIA), gastrocnemius (GTC) and masseter (MAS)] from old male mdx mice. All parameters investigated comparatively in these pathological muscles provided evidence that the MAS mdx muscle presents a slight deterioration pattern in comparison to that of DIA and GTC muscles. Utrophin and associated proteins are present in many cell clusters with continuous membrane labelling in MAS muscle. Respective proportions of myosin heavy chain isoforms, measured by electrophoresis/densitometry, showed only slight change in GTC muscle, significant evolution in DIA muscle but drastic isoform conversions in MAS muscle. These results highlighted the difference in deterioration susceptibility of various muscles to muscular dystrophy. The reason why this occurs in MAS muscles is still obscure and discussed in terms of the comparative developmental origins of these muscles.
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MESH Headings
- Aging/metabolism
- Aging/pathology
- Animals
- Cell Nucleus/pathology
- Connective Tissue/pathology
- Cytoskeletal Proteins/metabolism
- Diaphragm/metabolism
- Diaphragm/pathology
- Diaphragm/physiopathology
- Fluorescent Antibody Technique
- Male
- Masseter Muscle/metabolism
- Masseter Muscle/pathology
- Masseter Muscle/physiopathology
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred C57BL
- Mice, Inbred mdx
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle Fibers, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscle, Skeletal/metabolism
- Muscle, Skeletal/pathology
- Muscle, Skeletal/physiopathology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Animal/metabolism
- Muscular Dystrophy, Animal/pathology
- Muscular Dystrophy, Animal/physiopathology
- Myosin Heavy Chains/metabolism
- Necrosis
- Protein Isoforms/metabolism
- Utrophin
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Affiliation(s)
- J Muller
- INSERM U 128, Muscles et Pathologies, IFR24, Institut Bouisson-Bertrand, Montpellier, France
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